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Environmental Impact Assessment on

A Subsequent Project of

Shijiazhuang Municipal Traffic Project

(Simplified Edition)

Construction Unit: Shijiazhuang Municipal Traffic Project Office

Evaluation Unit: Hebei University of Science and Technology

E409 V4

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1

1. Background of the subsequent project

The “Shijiazhuang Municipal Traffic Project loaning from World Bank” is formally started

in 1999, which mainly invested in the municipal traffic road net, municipal public traffic,

traffic management, road maintenance, environmental protection and etc. With the

construction and putting into use one after the other, the municipal traffic of Shijiazhuang

City is improved greatly and the quality of municipal environment turns better.

In order to use the superfluous loan well, Shijiazhuang Municipal Traffic Project Office and

World Bank have sufficiently discussed many times and decided that the superfluous loan

will be used continuously to boost the construction of Shijiazhuang public traffic, and at the

same time, to further improve the municipal traffic structure, elevate the road net service

level and provide necessary conditions and efficient guarantee to municipal sustainable

development through strengthening traffic management, road maintenance and improving

the joints of road nets.

The subsequent project includes Pingan Street Project, Zhaolingpu Cloverleaf Junction

Project, North 2nd ring-Hongxing Street Cloverleaf Junction Project, Zhonghua North Street

Project and Huaian Road-Puyuanjie pedestrian bridge Project. The World Bank has pointed

out in the memorandum that the subsequent project should support and realize the overall

strategy of Shijiazhuang Traffic Project and be in accordance with the predetermined goals,

and all the projects should accord with the requirements of project environmental

management activities and migration activity plan.

2. Standard

The Environmental Assessment Standards adopted China’s domestic relevant Environmental

Quality Standards and Pollutants Discharge Standards. The selected standards have already

been confirmed by Shijiazhuang Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau.

3. Main contents of the subsequent project

As the supplementation and perfection of Shijiazhuang Municipal Traffic Project, the

subsequent project consists of special public transportation road project, cloverleaf junction

project for road net joints, perfection project of present road nets, traffic management

project, public traffic research and matching projects, including Pingan Street Road Project,

Zhaolingpu Cloverleaf Junction Project, North 2nd ring-Hongxing Street flyover Project,

Zhonghua North Street Project, Huaian Road-Puyuanjie pedestrian bridge Project. The

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project investment is estimated as 339,538,000RMB, among which 271,103,100 is for

construction and installation.

4. Environmental impacts during construction period and the

mitigation measures

4.1 Environmental impacts during construction period

4.1.1 Impact on air during construction period

The main pollutants to the air during road construction are lime-soil mixing, secondary

blowing dust from the operation of construction vehicles and road machinery, asphalt fume

and benzo (a) pyrene produced in the process of asphaltum decoction and stirring when the

road surface is paved.

(1) Dust pollution caused by the mixing of lime and soil

The lime-soil mixing will be done at a station. It is provided by Processing Factory of

Shijiazhuang Municipal Construction Head Office, therefore, there is no impact from stirring

station on both sides of the road, whereas, the dust produced from mixing soil’s spreading-

cloth and leveling process at the spot will have impact on the ambient environment.

Shijiazhuang City Government has issued “Shijizhuang City Dust Pollution Prevention

Method at Construction Site” and the municipal traffic project has taken more strict

management rules at construction sites. The management effect of initial period of the

project shows that the dust can not be avoided but can be controlled effectively.

(2) During the period of construction, the transportation and the loading and unloading of

goods and materials will bring dust pollution along the road.

In the course of materials’ loading and unloading and the transportation between the building

sites, a great deal of dust come into being. Its influence could last 30 minutes and the

influence scope extends to about 300 meters. During the construction period, the

transportation causes dust reentrainment, the influence scope could reach 50 meters all

around. Therefore, it is necessary to control the carrying mode of goods and materials, the

transportation vehicles transport and cover the materials, discarded residues and discarded

soil by a closed way, working in the loading and unloading site, equip the measure of

preventing dust, sprinkle water regularly, restrict the work of loading and unloading and etc

under the condition of unfavorable weather.

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Road construction may pollute the atmosphere environment of both sides of road and the

surroundings of construction site, increase the concentration of TSP and affect the living of

people. Shijiazhuang Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center has ever made analogical

monitoring to the construction site at the southern part of Tiyu Street. The results showed

that whether spraying water or not would make great difference to the environment. The

details are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Pollution analysis of raised dust at construction site Location monitoring No watering Watering

10m 1.75 0.437

20m 1.30 0.350

30m 0.780 0.310

40m 0.365 0.265

50m 0.345 0.250

Concentration of TSP at different

distance

100m 0.330 0.238

During the construction period, the sections (such as residential areas, schools, hospitals and

etc.) which are sensitive to raised dust should be paid much more attentions. It should take

measures to controll raised dust and mitigate the pollution. For example, spraying water to

road surface to decrease dust, controlling transportation vehicles when passing the populous

area, such as villages, school and etc., taking a bypass or change the route. If there is no

bypass or the route can not be changed, the rush hour should be avoided in order to decrease

the influence of road dust.

(3) The analysis of impact of asphalt fume and benzo(a)pyrene

Asphalt fume and benzo(a)pyrene are mainly produced during asphalt decoction and mixing

at asphalt concrete mixing station. The subsequent project will not built new asphalt concrete

mixing station and the asphalt concrete as a commodity is supplied by Concrete Processing

Factory of Shijiazhuang City Municipal Construction Company. The material mixture will

be transported to the site by automobiles and a little amount of asphalt fume is produced.

Such a small amount of fume can not be controlled at present, but its quantity is quite small

and the duration is short.Therefore, Asphalt fume and benzo (a) pyrene have little impact on

environment and the impact will vanish with the completion of the construction.

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4.1.2 Impact of noise during construction period

4.1.2.1 Construction machinery and noise source intensity The project construction which have relatively great effect on the noise environment are

bulldozer, loader, road rollers, excavator, tippers, pavers and other construction machineries.

The maximum noise levels of the above machinery equipments are listed in table 2.

Table 2 Noises of construction machineries and transportation operation

Name Distance between monitoring

point and sound source(m) Highest sound levels

(dB(A))

Bulldozer 5 86

Loader 5 90

Roller 5 84

Excavator 5 86

Tipper 7.5 88

Paver 5 87

4.1.2.2 Influence scope of construction noise The assessment standard for environmental noise of construction machinery during operation

is “ Noise Limitation Values of Construction Site” GB12523-90 .

This project includes construction of public transport priority, present road net perfection,

cloverleaf junction and etc. Public transport priority and present road net perfection include

several phases, namely cleaning, paving the road surface, installing auxiliary facilities and so

on. The construction of cloverleaf junction includes pile foundation casting in-place, pile

caps casting upper structure construction and road surface construction. When operating at

each stage, equipments need certain operation space and the construction machinery need a

certain working distance. Therefore, the noise source intensity is the point sound source and

the noise attenuation formula is as follows:

LA=LO-20lg (rA/ro)

In the formula LA----noise level at the distance of rA from noise source, dB(A);

LO---- noise level at the distance of ro from noise source, dB (A).

Using the above formula, the calculated area influenced by the construction machinery noise

is shown in table 3.

Table 3 Area influenced by noise of construction machinery Level(dB) Distance(m)

Standard Value (dB)

Distance reached standard

(m)

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Machinery 10 20 40 60 80 100 150 Day Night Day Night

Loader 84.0 78.0 72.0 68.4 66.0 64.0 60.5 75 55 28 281

Roller 78.0 72.0 66.0 62.4 60.0 58.0 54.5 75 55 14 140

Excavator 85.5 79.5 73.5 70.0 67.0 65.5 62.0 75 55 34 335

Tipper 80.0 74.0 68.0 64.4 62.0 60.0 56.5 70 55 31 177

Paver 81.0 75.0 69.0 65.4 63.0 61.0 57.5 70 55 35 199

From the calculation, we know that, without any shelter and using a single machine, the

influence scope is 35 meters in the day and 335 meters at night, and beyond this distance, the

noise will meet the requirement of “ Noise Limitation Value for Construction Site”(GB12523-90).

4.1.2.3 Analysis of impact of construction noise

(1) If using a single machine, it may reach GB12523 90 Noise Limitation Values of the

Construction Site when being 35m away or farther from the construction site in the daytime

and it can reach the standard limitation value when being 335m away or farther from the

construction site at night. In the actual construction, normally many kinds of machines are

used at the same time, and noise influence scope will be larger, especially, the construction

of Hongxing Street-North 2nd ring cloverleaf junction and Zhaolingpu cloverleaf junction

project have high noise source and long construction period, so the inhabitants’ living will be

influenced in a certain extent.

(2) On average, the noise sensitive point is about 5 30m away from the construction site.

The construction noise has great effect on surrounding sound environment. During

daytime the project will have an obvious impact on the study of students in school and the

treatment and rest of patients in hospital along the road, and it has an especially evident

effect on the inhabitants at night, therefore, strict measures must be taken to reduce the effect

that the construction noise has on the targets of environmental protection to the maximum.

(3) With the completion of the project, the impact of construction noise will no longer exist.

The unfavorable impact of construction noise on environment is a temporary and short- term

behavior.

4.1.3 Impact of vibration

4.1.3.1 Vibration standard The vibration standard in urban area(GB10070-88)is listed in table 4.

Table 4 Standard vibration values along lead vertical direction in various urban areas (dB)

Applied zone Daytime Nighttime

Special residential area 65 65

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Residential, cultural and educational area

70 67

Mixed area and commercial center 75 72

Industry centralized area 75 72

Two sides of main road 75 72

Two sides of railway 80 80

In the subsequent project, along the two sides of Zhaolingpu cloverleaf junction, there are

mainly commercial shops and no environmental sensitive point such as residential building,

school or hospital; along the south side of North 2nd ring-Hongxing Street cloverleaf

junction, there is a residential building of an Airplane Factory and the first floor of the

building are all commercial shops; there mainly are commercial shops along the two sides of

Zhonghua North Street (North 2nd ring-Beiwaihuan) Road Project and the pedestrian bridge

of Huaian Road-Puyuan Street; only along Ping’an Street Project there is a few residential,

school and hospital sensitive points. According to the principal of strict requirements, the

standard of residential, cultural and educational area in the above standard is carried out.

4.1.3.2 Impact of construction vibration

In the construction project, there are many kinds of vibration sources causing vibration of

foundation, among them the main sources are piling foundation works, ground base

improving project, ground tamping works, running of transport heavy vehicles and so on.

The construction of this project includes public transportation priority, present road net

perfection and cloverleaf junction. In the cloverleaf junction project, the pile foundation is

constructed through pouring which has no vibration basically; therefore, no big vibration

impact occurs. The vibration caused by ground base improving project is mainly from sand

and earth tamping operation and the equipments are vibrating hammer and other tamping

equipments. The vibration from running of transport heavy vehicles means the vibration

impact produced from road roller, diesel engine and etc. According to the material provided

by “Japanese Environmental Effect Evaluation Manual”, the vibration of construction

machinery is shown in table 5.

Table 5 Vibration level of construction machineries Vibration level�dB�

Equipment 5m 10m 20m 30m

Vibrating hammer 75 67 48 44

Road roller 58 53 50 48

Diesel engine 62 58 54 51

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It can be seen from the data of the above table 5, the vibration effect of construction

machinery mentioned above can influence 10 meters away from the source, which meets the

requirement of residential, cultural and educational area in “Environmental Vibration

Standard of Urban Area”. The distance between the construction site of the subsequent

projects is about 10 30 meters to the sensitive points (residential building, school, hospital)

and the construction at night will impact the sensitive points within 10 meters. Therefore, the

heavy construction machinery such as vibrating hammer will not be allowed to be used at

night in order to prevent the vibration from disturbing the residents. During the construction

period, we should promote the relevant personnel to know the vibration, shorten the time of

operation of construction machinery, reasonably distribute and arrange working site and

time. After adopting the above measures, the vibration during construction period can be

reduced to the minimum and within the range of standard.

4.1.4 Impact on ecological environment

4.1.4.1 Impact on virescence plants As the construction content of the item taking road maintenance and municipal traffic system

perfection as the main components, it is unnecessary to change the restriction line of road in

quo for most of the construction of the sections of road, appraising from a overall aspect, the

damage to the virescence plants on both sides of road is comparatively little. Whereas, it is

inevitable to loss the virescence plants on both sides of the road in the scope of the project,

table 6 shows the initial statistics of the types and the amount of dismantled virescence plants

during the period of project construction.

Table 6 Kinds and amount of dismantled virescence plants Trees (individual)

Project section Greenbelt, green fence

m2 Poplar London

plane tree Willow Peach Pine

Ping’an Street 4125 210 Zhonghua North Street

(North 2nd ring-Beiwaihuan)

0 216

Zhaolingpu cloverleaf junction

390 44 56

Hongxing Street North 2nd ring cloverleaf

junction 6000 443 131 27

Total 216 210 833 175 83

As the area of greenbelt decreasing during the construction period, the impact on the

ecological system along two sides of the road is not avoidable and the impact is very small

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when comparing with municipal greenbelt system. With the starting exertion of this item,

the consummation of the greening, the covering rate of the plants will increase

continuously and the influence will be disappeared gradually.

4.1.4.2 Impact on urban landscape

(1) During construction period, it is inevitable to affect all kinds of pipelines and conduits

such as sewage conduits, gas conduits, heating power conduits, communication and electric

power conduits and etc. in urban municipal project, and some conduits have to be dismantled

and removed, which will damage the urban road and affect urban landscape.

(2) During construction, the noise, dispersing ash, exhaust gas, rubbish from project, sewage

from construction and etc. will influence on the environment of urban hygiene and urban

landscape, the floating dust of transport vehicles and residue leaking have a influence of soot

on the road surface, greening belt and the houses owned by citizens.

(3) In the course of construction, the insulation facilities such as guardrail, enclosing cloth

and etc. are set, which will bring influence to the urban landscape.

4.2 Mitigation measures to the impact on environment during construction

4.2.1 Mitigation measures to the impact on environmental air

The most construction sites of subsequent project locate at populous areas. Practical

measures are taken on construction sites to prevent air pollution caused by the construction.

The surface of the site must be solidified and a concrete floor can be used if the condition is

available.

(1) All the entrance and exit of the construction sites are set with the measure of cleaning

wheel to ensure that there is no mud or dirt on the wheels of the vehicles entering and going

out of the construction site.�

(2) At construction site, a temporary garbage collection point is established and the

construction waste and waste soil should be recovered and cleared in time�

(3) The rubbish of cloverleaf junction and viaduct project should be cleared and transported

vertically with container, and should be strictly prohibited throwing from high and throwing

at random�

(4) A system is set up to spray water and sweep at the construction site and persons are

specially assigned to spray and sweep. At site and if it is clear and wind power is bigger than

3m/s, spray water two times per day. If the wind speed is faster than level 4, the civil work

will be stopped�

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(5) The construction site will be kept continuously tidy and clean. Waste soil should be

cleared and shipped out. The pedestrian path should be kept tidy, clean, flat and unblocked�

(6) At construction site, any waste and material that produce hazardous gases, smoke, dust

and stink are forbidden to be burnt.

4.2.2 Mitigation measures to the impact on acoustic environment

(1) Reasonably arrange the working time

The construction unit should strictly abide by the rules of “Regulations on the Control of the

Environmental Noises Pollution in the Urban Area of Shijiazhuang”. The construction site

and working time will be reasonably arranged. Construction will be strictly prohibited during

12:00 14:00 22:00 6:00. If construction at night is necessary, an approval should be

granted from local environmental authorities and the affected residents should be apprised.

The operation of electrical saw, pneumatic pick, electric hammer and other high noisy

machinery are prohibited at the areas near residential area and hospital along the line from

23:00 to 6:00 in the next morning.

(2) Reasonably arrange the route and time for the transport vehicles

The transport vehicles should be determined reasonable route and time according to the rules

of relevant authorities.

(3) Reasonably select construction machinery

Construction machinery with low noise and small vibration or affiliated with noise

eliminator or noise insulator should be selected. High noisy machinery should not be

operated at the same site and the same time. The construction of viaducts adopts

industrialized and standardized components and we should try our best to avoid making

them on the construction sites.

(4) Strengthen environment management and accept the supervision of environmental

authorities

According to the rules of national and local laws, decrees and regulations, the construction

unit should accept supervision of environmental authorities actively. When bidding for the

subsequent projects, the measures decreasing the noise should be clearly defined in the

bidding document. When construction unit contracts the project, the noise control during

construction should be part of the contract and specialpersons are assigned to be responsible

for it during construction and project supervision.

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4.2.3 Mitigation measures to the impact on water environment

During the construction period, the drainage of wastewater should be organized in a

designed manner, and it is forbidden to drain or flow disorderly and to pollute the road or

environment.

(1) The construction wastewater is drained into the municipal pipe net after simply treated

and it is forbidden to drain directly.

(2) During the period of construction, the living encampment is arranged in the city and the

domestic sewage is discharged into municipal conduit net.

(3) During construction period, the slurry water is drained into the municipal pipe net after

simply treated with filtration, sedimentation and etc. It is prohibited from draining directly.

4.2.4 Disposal of solid waste

The solid wastes produced from this project are mainly the construction garbage, superfluous

soil and a small amount of living garbage. In the road construction which is involved in the

subsequent project, the predicted construction garbage is 61295.1 m3 and the predicted

superfluous soil is 5523.82m3. In order to reduce the environmental impacts of waste soil

and construction garbage, measures are taken as follows�

(1) During construction, it is required strictly to go through formalities of discharging the

superfluous soil and garbage. After approved by relevant Authorities of Shijiazhuang City,

the superfluous soil and garbage can be started to pileup and stored at designated place.

(2) The construction and maintenance garbage are required to be recovered, classified, stored

and disposed. The useful waste should be sent to recovery station and the waste which can

not be reused will be delivered to environmental sanitation department for harmless

treatment.

(3) At the centralized encampment for construction staffs, pluralistic management persons

are nominated who are responsible to collect the living garbage and sent to sanitary

department for treatment.

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5. Environment impacts and mitigation measures at operating period

5.1 Impact to air

5.1.1 Analysis method

When calculating the discharging source power of motor vehicles, the Mobile5b of U.S EPA

recommended by World Bank is adopted to calculate the remission intensity of motor

mobile; the mode of CALINE4 is adopted to calculate the diffusing concentration of

pollutants in a short distance of both sides of the road; the mode of ISCLT�Industrial Source Complex Long Term�is adopted to analyze the changing situation of urban environment air quality after the improvement of traffic situation.

5.1.2 Pollutant source intensity of vehicle emission�

MOBILE5 model

(1) Basic calculation

Using model MOBILE5 the basic emission factor of motor vehicles at standard working

condition is obtained according to the emission controlling level; the basic emission factor is

corrected according to the differences of each affecting factor when comparing the real

situation with standard working condition; and finally the emission factor at real working

condition is gained.

(2) Basic modification to model MOBILE5

The Environment Engineering Department of Tsinghua University has studied the

corresponding relationships of Chinese and American emission control technology through

two points of view, one is emission test in laboratory of being used motor vehicles and the

other is Chinese and American emission control technology development. Based on this

study, MOBILE5 is modified with the formula and parameter groups are suitable to Chinese

emission control level. The subsequent project uses the research result of Tsinghua

University and has modified MOBILE5 model, combining the real emission situation of

motor vehicle in Shijiazhuang City.

5.1.3 Pollutant source intensity of vehicle emission

(1) Evaluation factor

Automobile exhaust gas contains NOX CO HC and other pollutants. According to

the requirements of JTJ005-96 “Specifications for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway” (on trial) issued by

Chinese Transportation Ministry, CO and NOX are selected as evaluation factor.

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(2) Pollutant source intensity

According to the classification of MOBILE5b, automobiles are divided into eight types:

light-duty gasoline vehicle(LDGV), light-duty gasoline truck 1(LDGT1), light-duty gasoline

truck 2(LDGT2), heavy-duty gasoline vehicle(HDGV), light-duty diesel vehicle(LDDV),

light-duty diesel truck(LDDT)heavy-duty diesel vehicle(HDDV)and motor car(MC).

As there are few light-duty diesel vehicles and light-duty diesel trucks in the municipal

area of Shijiazhuang City, they are neglected in the calculation. According to the present

Chinese laws and regulations about automobile pollution control, the automobile emission

factors of Shijiazhuang City in 2009 and 2015 are calculated.

5.1.4 Assessment of Influence on the air along both sides of the road

(1) Selection of predicted mode

Within 100 meters along the two sides of the subsequent project, the average height of

buildings is 15-20m and there is no closed system even there are some tall buildings at some

section. Comparatively to say, the road is rather wide and there is no big influence to the

evenness of entire flow field. The diffusion of pollutants is controlled by prevailing wind and

air turbulence. These meet the usage conditions of CALINE4 model.

(2) Selection of weather parameters

Two weather conditions are selected for environment evaluation prediction

General weather: the most-frequent weather condition in Shijiazhuang, wind speed 1.6m/s,

stability degree : E F, wind direction : the regular wind in each reason.

Unfavorable weather: wind speed 0.5m/s, stability degree : E,F, the vertical direction

between wind direction and road.

(3) Predicted content

� Prediction factor�select CO�NO2 as main pollutants from automobile emission�� Prediction time�2009(operation year), 2015(middle and long term), distribution of daily

average concentration contribution during winter and summer seasons�� Prediction sections�Ping’an Street(Fangshe Xilu�Hepinglu), Zhaolingpu Cloverleaf

Junction, No rth 2nd ring�Hongxing Street Cloverleaf Junction, Zhonghua North

Street(North 2nd ring�Beiwaihuan).

� Prediction scope� 150 meters from automobile side down along wind direction, 500 meters

from cloverleaf junction down along wind direction�

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� Prediction category� Pollutant concentration along two sides of the road is under the

conditions of having the project or without the project.

(4) Prediction results and evaluation

Ping’an Street(Fangshe Xilu Hepinglu)

From the point view of space, the concentration of CO and NO2 decreases gradually from

30m to 150m within the prediction scope at one side of Ping’an Street; from the point view

of time, the concentration of CO and NO2 has the trend of decreasing gradually from 2009 to

2015.

In 2009, during heating period, CO concentration 50m further from the edge of motor

vehicle lane down wind direction will meet the standard, all the NO2 concentrations within

the prediction scope exceed the standard; during non-heating period all the CO

concentrations 30m further from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction can

meet the standard, NO2 concentrations further than 100m meets the standard. Under

unfavorable conditions, all the CO and NO2 concentrations within the prediction scope from

the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction exceed the standard.

In 2015 during heating period, CO concentration 30m further from the edge of motor

vehicle lane down wind direction will meet the standard, all the NO2 concentrations further

than 100m reach the standard; during non-heating period all the CO concentrations 30m

further from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction can meet the standard, NO2

concentrations further than 100m meets the standard. Under bad conditions, all the CO

concentrations 150m further from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction reach

the standard, and all the NO2 concentrations within the prediction scope exceed the standard.

Zhonghua North Street(North 2nd ring Beiwaihuan)

From the point view of space and within the prediction area, the concentration of CO and

NO2 decreases gradually from 30m to 150m along Zhonghua North Street; from the point

view of time, the concentration of CO and NO2 shows the trend of decreasing gradually from

2009 to 2015.

In 2009, during heating period, CO concentration 50m further from the edge of motor

vehicle lane down wind direction will meet the standard, all the NO2 concentrations within

the prediction scope exceed the standard; during non-heating period the CO concentrations

30m further from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction can meet the standard,

NO2 concentrations further than 100m meets the standard. Under bad conditions, all the CO

and NO2 concentrations within the prediction scope from the edge of motor vehicle lane

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down wind direction exceed the standard.

In 2015 during heating period and non-heating period, all CO concentrations 30m further

from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction will meet the standard, and the

distances of NO2 meeting the standard are 150m and50m. Under bad conditions, all the NO2

concentrations down wind direction along the road exceed the standard.

North 2nd ring-Hongxing Street Cloverleaf Junction

From the point view of space and within the prediction scope, the concentration of CO and

NO2 decreases down the wind direction of North 2nd ring-Hongxing Street Cloverleaf

junction gradually from 30m to 500m; from the point view of time, the concentration of CO

and NO2 shows the trend of decreasing gradually from 2009 to 2015.

In 2009, during heating period, CO concentration within 100m from the edge of motor

vehicle lane down wind direction exceeds the standard, all the NO2 concentrations within the

prediction scope exceed the standard; during non-heating period all the CO concentrations

30m further from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction can meet the standard,

NO2 concentrations further than 500m meets the standard. Under bad conditions, all the CO

and NO2 concentrations within the prediction scope from the edge of motor vehicle lane

down wind direction exceed the standard.

In 2015 during heating period, CO concentration 30m further from the edge of motor

vehicle lane down wind direction will meet the standard, all the NO2 concentrations further

than 500m meet the standard; during non-heating period all the CO concentrations 30m

further from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction can meet the standard, NO2

concentrations further than 150m meets the standard. Under bad conditions and within the

prediction scope, all the CO and NO2 concentrations from the edge of motor vehicle lane

down wind direction exceed the standard.

Zhaolingpu Cloverleaf Junction

From the point view of space and within the prediction scope, the concentration of CO and

NO2 down the wind direction of North 2nd ring-Hongxing Street Overpass decreases

gradually from 30m to 500m; from the point view of time, the concentration of CO and NO2

shows the trend of decreasing from 2009 to 2015.

In 2009, during heating period, CO concentration further than 150m from the edge of motor

vehicle lane down wind direction meets the standard, all the NO2 concentrations further than

500m meet the standard; during non-heating period the CO concentrations 30m further

from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction can meet the standard, NO2

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concentrations further than 150m meets the standard. Under bad conditions, all the CO and

NO2 concentrations within the prediction scope from the edge of motor vehicle lane down

wind direction exceed the standard.

In 2015 during heating period, all the CO concentrations 30m further from the edge of

motor vehicle lane down wind direction will meet the standard, NO2 concentration further

than 500m meets the standard; during non-heating period CO concentration 30m further

from the edge of motor vehicle lane down wind direction meets the standard, NO2

concentrations further than 150m meets the standard. Under bad conditions and within the

prediction scope, all the CO and NO2 concentrations from the edge of motor vehicle lane

down wind direction exceed the standard.

5.2 Impact of noise on the environment

5.2.1 Forecast method

This evaluation adopts the equivalent noise level in the daytime and equivalent noise level at

night as the evaluation quantity according to the national standard of GB3096-93

(Environmental Noise Standard of Urban Area). Under the circumstance that there are

buildings on the two sides of the road, forecast the equivalent noise level one meter away

from the first row buildings on the two side of the roads, and judge whether it exceeds the

standard or not. As for the wide area where there are no buildings now on the two sides of

the roads, it should be forecast the equivalent noise level within 4~100m from the restriction

line of construction, providing reference for the development plan of the area on the two

sides of the roads in the future.

5.2.2 Basic forecast mode of road traffic noise

The forecast mode of traffic noise adopts the American (FHWA) mode as the evaluation

mode. It makes revision combining the specific circumstance of our country, the real

situation of the roads and referring to Evaluation Criterion on the Environmental Effect of

Road Construction Item (Practical) of China.

5.2.3 Determination of basic forecast model parameters

(1) Classification standard of large, middle and small vehicles

The classification standard of large, middle and small vehicles in the forcast model is listed

in table 7.

Table 7 classification standard of vehicles Vehicle type Total mass

Small (s) Below 3.5t

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Middle (m) 3.5t�12t Large (L) Above 12t

Note: large vehicle includes container car, trailer, engineering car and so on.

(2) Calculation of average speed

According to the “Evaluation Criterion on the Environmental Effect of Road Construction

Item (Trying out)” (JTJ005-96), the vehicle speed on the road is forecasted as:

Calculation formula of average speed of small motor vehicles :Ys=237X-s0.1602

Calculation formula of average speed of medium size motor vehicles :Ym=212Xm-0.1747

In the formula, Ys and Ym are the average running speeds of small and medium size motor

vehicles respectively, km/h.

Xs and Xm are the traffic quantity of small and medium size motor vehicles per hour in the

total traffic quantity of the forecast years respectively. quantity/hour.

The average running speed of large motor vehicles is calculated according to 80% of the

vehicle speed of medium size motor vehicles.

The above formula is applied for the design speed of 120km/h in the circumstance of four-

lane road. When the design speed is lower than 120km/h, the average vehicle speed

decreases successively during the calculation according to the proportion. When the lane

number is larger or smaller than four, then it is calculated by converting the vehicle flow

quantity into the flow quantity of four-lane road. The calculation results of the above

formula are all the vehicle running speeds in the daytime and it is the average vehicle speed

at night when being reduced by 20%.

(3) Leq value of various types of vehicles

According to the research, the relation between average radiation acoustical level of various Chinese

automobiles at the point of 7.5m and the speed are shown in table 8.

Table 8 The relation of average radiation acoustical level of different type of vehicles and vehicle speed

Type of vehicle Average radiation acoustical level LWi(dB(A))

Small vehicle 59.3+0.23Vs

Middle vehicle 62.6+0.32Vm

Large vehicle 77.2+0.18Vl

In the formula: Wi---represents large (l), medium size (m) and small (s) motor

vehicles

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Vi---average running speed of all types of motor vehicles

5.2.4 Prediction result and evaluation

(1) When there is a project, the equivalent noise value one meter before the buildings near the

roads is lower than the one without the item, the reduced value scope is 0.4�1.5dB(A),

which can meet the requirement of 4th standard of GB3096-93. The noise value on all the

roads involved in the item at night reduces by 0.5�0.7dB(A), compared with the one without

the item, all exceed the standard and the standard exceeding scope is 8.5�10.5 dB(A). The

equivalent sound level at climax hour is evidently higher than the equivalent level in the

daytime. In 2015 on all the roads, the traffic noise one meter before the buildings near the roads

increases compared with the one in year 2008. Except that the road section of Heping Road-

Huitong Road exceeds the standard by 0.6 dB(A), other roads all reach the standard. All the road

sections at night exceed the standard with the standard exceeding scope of 10.2�11.9dB(A).

(2) When there is an item, the noise value at the environmental sensitive points in the

daytime in 2009 reduces by 0.3�2.6dB(A) compared with the one without the item and the

standard exceeding scope is 0.3�1.1 dB(A). The noise value at night reduces by 0.8�1.8dB(A) compared with the one without the item and the standard exceeding scope is

5.1�6.9dB(A). The noise value at the environmental sensitive points in the daytime in 2015

reduces by 0.1�2.7B(A) compared with the one without the item and the standard exceeding

scope is 0.7�6.1 dB(A). The noise value at night reduces by 1.7�2.1dB(A) compared with

the one without the item and the standard exceeding scope is 5.2�7.1dB(A).

(3) The forecasted result after the running of the subsequent item shows that although the

vehicle flow quantity increases, due to the improvement of road status, clear road of running

and reduction of blowing the whistle, the noise value when there is an item reduces

compared with the one without the item. Based on the requirement of environmental

protection of the construction item, since the noise value still exceeds the national standard,

on the principle of human-oriented, persistent improvement and promoting the old through

the new one, this report suggests that the following measures be adopted to reduce the noise

effect to all road sections and sensitive points: strengthening management to road project,

increasing greening area, setting up sound insulation enclosure at sensitive point on south side

of Hongxing-North 2nd ring cloverleaf junction, installing double layer sound insulation

windows at sensitive point and other noise decreasing measures in order to further improve

the acoustic environment quality at the two sides of the project.

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5.3 Mitigation measures to environmental impacts

5.3.1 Mitigation measures to air pollution

During operation of the project, the air pollution source is the running vehicle on the road.

As the running vehicle is a flowing source and it is very difficult to get the effect of

controlling the pollution from tail gas depending on measures on one or several roads and

bridges, therefore, the controlling measures for this project should combine with local and

national measures controlling the pollutants from motor vehicle tail gas. And following

measures are taken to mitigate impact to municipal atmosphere:

(1) Strengthen road maintenance, keep the road in good operation condition to reduce traffic

jam;

(2) Continuously strengthen the construction of municipal automobile test and service

system;

(3) Strictly execute the national discharging standard of automobile tail gas, strongly execute

the systems of yearly test, road check and randomly check to the vehicles being used;

reinforce the vehicle management to control the discharged tail gas amount of automobile;

(4) Restrict tractors, loaded diesel vehicles which run on the roads in municipal area;

(5) Encourage municipal buses, taxis to use compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas,

electricity and other clean energy. The new vehicles which use clean energy and discharged

tail gas meet the discharging standard of next stage and the being used vehicles which use

clean energy and discharged tail gas excels the present discharging standard are exempted

from tail gas random test.

(6) Strengthen the greening work along the sides, plant some trees which can absorb

CO�NOX and other hazardous gases in order to reduce the polluted area by traffic.

5.3.2 Mitigation measures to the impact of acoustic environment

In order to decrease the noise environmental impact along the road, control pollution and

reduce noise hazard, Shijiazhuang Municipal Traffic Project has taken necessary protection

measures and means, especially at the section where has residents. In order to protect mass’s

environment right and interest, effective measures have been taken to protect the acoustic

environment, to minimize noise impacts and to reach double purposes of improving traffic

and not influencing the environment.

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(1) Reduce noise source radiation

Execute control of vehicle entering municipal area in the night. Limit over speed driving

at sensitive section at night.

Strengthen the management of blowing horns. Set up No Horn indication plates at the two

sides of schools and hospitals.

(2) Strengthen the maintenance and management of municipal roads, repair the damaged

road surface in time, restrict over speed and over load, restrict the ex-large vehicle to run on

viaduct.

(3) Take noise reducing measures at the sensitive points where exceed the acoustical

environmental standard.

For the residential area at south side of Hongxing Street-North 2nd ring Cloverleaf Junction,

as the location of traffic noise source is higher, the traffic noise will influence the inhabitants

in Airplane Factory Residential Area south of cloverleaf junction. After consulting with and

adopting their recommendations, at the two sides of road with populous inhabitants, noise

insulation enclosures are set up and the enclosures are designed as shape of “ ” using

transparent plate. The overall length is 240m and the height is 2.2m.

(4) Strengthen greening measures along two sides of the road and plant as more tall arbors as

possible to alleviate the impacts.

During project operation�as the traffic volume increases on newly built roads, the noise

impact on surrounding environment increases and the automobile tail gas pollutes the air

more. After taking treatment measures, the impacts will be controlled in a certain degree and

will not influence the environment. From the overall analysis, the municipal air quality will

turn better with the traffic improvement. Aiming at that, some sectional sensitive points

might be affected during the operation, the noise impact will be eliminated through installing

noise insulation enclosure and windows, the environment will be better than present.

5.3.3 Compensation measures to eco-environment

(1) The trees, flowers and grass which must be removed will be transplanted to other places,

normally they will be transplanted in the same area and guaranteed to be alive. Plant trees

and grass at crossings and other areas, set parterre and lawn and plant evergreen ornamentals

at the spaces near buildings. The reduced greenbelt will be recovered at other areas within

the City and the overall green area will be compensated.

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(2) Properly set up sculptures, greenbelt, dustbin, chairs at crossings, two sides of the road

and the spaces between buildings, which will not only improve the municipal environment,

beautify the road sight but also raise the taste of the City, increase the affinity of the city and

provide esplanade areas to inhabitants.

(3) The design of Zhaolingpu Cloverleaf Junction and North 2nd ring-Hongxing Street

Viaduct should suit the surrounding structure characters and show the overall characteristics

of Shijiazhuang City. Using the spaces of cloverleaf junction and viaduct to carry out

vertical greening and sectional point greening.

(4) The subsequent project will continuously carry out and perfect the greening along two

side of the road. The selected categories of trees will mainly suit local condition and show

the variety of plant category.

6. Environment management plan

6.1 Environment management of project construction

In order to efficiently control the environmental impacts during construction, the bidder must

promise civilized construction during the bidding stage and meet the following requirements:

(1) The construction and main routes of material transportation will be watered periodically

in no rain and droughty days to prevent raising dust and reduce air pollution, especially to

the place near residential area

(2) Clear up and transfer the garbage of building dismantling and the garbage of road

construction in time. Set enclosing net at working site and carry out necessary spraying in

order to prevent the raised dust from polluting the surrounding

(3) Immediately treat, clear up and transfer the waste soil in order to decrease area

occupation, prevent raised dust pollution and reduce the influence on the inhabitants

(4) Reasonably arrange working time. Strictly control the loud noise operations which

should be arranged between 6:00 12:00 and 14:00 22:00. If a continuous noisy operation

is necessary, the affected public should be apprised in advance and be compensated

(5) Strengthen environmental supervision and monitoring to night construction. Normally, it

is prohibited to construct from 22:00 to 6:00 in the next day except those in need. All

construction operations will be forbidden from 22:00 to 6:00 in the next day between May

10 and June 9 when the university entrance examination is going on

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(6) Reasonably arrange construction machinery, locate the construction machinery with loud

noise and big impact as far as possible to the sensitive point

(7) Scientifically control the construction plan, avoid simultaneous construction of same

direction and adverse roads to reduce the impact on traffic during construction

(8) Strictly resume the sight according to the design and do a good job on road side greening

and greenbelt construction

(9) Do good work on propaganda to residents. With the limitation of technical condition and

construction environment, the environmental pollution brought by the construction is not

avoidable, therefore, it is necessary to propagandize to the inhabitants in affected areas along

the line in order to promote the mental enduring ability to disadvantageous impacts, to obtain

understanding, overcome the tentative difficulties and to cooperate with the contractor to

fulfill the construction smoothly.

6.2 Environment monitoring and report

In the past few years, Shijiazhuang Traffic Project has achieved very good efficiency to

environment management and obtained successful experiences. The environment

management of subsequent project during construction will be brought into the environment

management of entire project. During the construction, monitoring of noise and the raised

dust to present situation at construction site will be carried out. The noise will be monitored

continuously for two days at 10:00 and 22:00. The raised dust will be monitored

continuously for three days, setting two sampling points and sampling 12 hours everyday. At

the same time, the environment management executive organization will randomly visit the

public and inspect the construction sites. The environment management of subsequent

project will be compiled into a separate environmental supervision report.

7. Safety assurance policy

According to the relevant rules of World Bank, Shijiazhuang City Municipal Traffic Project

Office and Assessment Unit have checked and confirmed the safety assurance policy item

by item and the results are in table 9.

Table 9 Safety assurance policy filtering tablH

No. Checking content Confirming results

1Evaluation on

environment impact Relevant environmental impact assessment has been approved by Shijiazhuang Environment Protection Bureau.

2 Natural habitat All the areas referred in the project are located at city zone, and natural habitat isn’t involved in.

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3 Transference work After investigation, no transference work is involved in the project.

4Cultural relic and

heritage After investigation, no cultural relic is involved in this project.

5 Disputing area There is no international disputing area.

6 Safety of dam There is no large-scale dam in the range of Shijiazhuang Municipal traffic Project.

7 International water area There is no international water area.

8 Forest All the areas involved in the project is located at city zone, and there is no natural forest and manual forest.

9 Pesticide management This project does not involve pesticide and herbicide during the construction and operation period.

8. Conclusion

The routes and orientations of the Subsequent Project of Shijiazhuang Municipal Traffic

Project loaning from World Bank basically accord with the entire planning of Shijiazhuang

City, and meet the need of municipal construction and development. The project has taken

rather perfect environmental protection measures and the construction will not produce

obvious impacts on ambient environment. Therefore, from the point view of environmental

protection, this project is feasible.

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