ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORTenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/26092018... ·...

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Proposed 30 KLPD Molasses Based Distillery Project At/Post – Agasti Nagar, Tal – Akole,

Dist –Ahmednagar, Maharashtra

PROJECT PROPONENT M/s Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd (ASSKL)

PREPARED BY

M/s. Ultra – Tech

(Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory) Unit Nos. 224, 225 & 226 Jai Commercial Complex,Eastern Express Highway, Opp. Cadbury Factory,

Khopat, Thane 400 601, Maharashtra, India Tel No. 022 25342776/2538 0198/ 25331438, Fax No. 022 25429650

Approved By: NABET- Quality Council of India

NABET/EIA/1720/RA0094

EIA Execution Period : January 2017 – June 2018 Report Released By : Ultra Tech In Capacity of : EIA Coordinator: Adhikrao Yewale Signature :

EIA Report of Proposed 30 KLPD Molasses based distillery Project

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PREFACE

This EIA report is prepared as per ToR issued by EAC, MOEF & CC dated 31st May 2017 to M/s

Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd (ASSKL) and Standard ToR published by the MoEF&CC,

April 2015, EIA manual prepared by Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad is

followed while preparing this EIA report.


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Disclaimer: This report has been prepared with all reasonable skills, knowledge, care and diligence by M/s Ultra-Tech, Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory Thane, the NABET accredited and national level leading Environmental Consultancy Organization within the terms of the contract with the client (Project Proponent), incorporating their General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by Business Agreement. The report was discussed with the project proponent in details before releasing. This EIA report has been prepared using information received from Client, collecting primary data and compilation of secondary data from available resources. We are not responsible for the origin and authenticity of the information, drawings or design details provided by the Client.


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Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA report for proposed 30 KLPD Molasses based Distillery Unit of M/s Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd (ASSKL). I hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA. EIA Coordinator : Adhikrao Yewale Signature :

Contact Information : Period of assignment : January 2017 – June 2018 Functional Area Experts:

Sector Project Client

EIA Coordinator

Functional Area Experts involved

Name/s FA Name/s

Distilleries 5 (g)

M/s Agasti SSK Ltd., Agasti Nagar, Akole, Ahmednagar

M/s Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. Village At/Post Agasti Nagar, Tal- Akole Dist –Ahmednagar, Maharashtra

Adhikrao Yewale

LU Yogesh Raskar

AQ Mrs.

Anjali Singam

AP Mr. Shekhar Tamhane

WP Mrs. Deepa Karnik

EB Padmini Shinde

SE Yogesh Raskar

NV Mr.

Chintan Athalye

RH Mr. Bonde

SHW

Pradnya Parkhi


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Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/ authorized person

I, Mr. Shekhar Tamhane, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA

for M/s Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd (ASSKL). I also confirm that the consultant

organization shall be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this

statement.

Signature: Name: Mr. Shekhar Tamhane Designation: Proprietor Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: ULTRA-TECH (ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANCY & LABORATORY)


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Contents

CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 6

1.2 Purpose of the Report ......................................................................................................................... 7

1.3 Identification of the Project and Project Proponent .......................................................................... 8

1.4 Brief description of nature, size, location of the project .................................................................. 10

1.5 Scope of Study................................................................................................................................... 14

1.5.1 Organization of Report................................................................................................................... 15

1.5.2 Compliance of Terms of Reference ................................................................................................ 14

CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................... 14 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 14

2.2 Justification for the project ............................................................................................................... 14

2.3 Details of proposed Distillery Unit .................................................................................................... 15

2.4 Manufacturing Process ..................................................................................................................... 26

2.5 Basic requirement ............................................................................................................................. 30

2.5.1 Material Requirement /Material Balance ...................................................................................... 30

2.5.2 Land Requirement .......................................................................................................................... 31

2.5.3 Steam and Power Requirement ..................................................................................................... 31

2.5.4 Water Requirement: ...................................................................................................................... 32

2.5.5 Man Power ..................................................................................................................................... 33

CHAPTER 3-DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................... 34 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 34

3.2 Study Period ...................................................................................................................................... 34

3.3 Environmental Parameters ............................................................................................................... 34

3.4 Study Area ......................................................................................................................................... 36

3.5 Climate .............................................................................................................................................. 39

3.6 Ambient Air Quality........................................................................................................................... 42

3.7 Noise Environment............................................................................................................................ 47

3.8 Water Environment .......................................................................................................................... 51

3.9 Soil Environment ............................................................................................................................... 58

3.10 Ecology and Biodiversity ................................................................................................................. 63


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3.11 Land Use and Land Cover ................................................................................................................ 74

3.12 Socio Economic Environment ......................................................................................................... 77

CHAPTER 4 - ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES . 100 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 100

4.2 Construction Phase ......................................................................................................................... 100

4.2.1 Land Environment ........................................................................................................................ 101

4.2.2 Water Environment ..................................................................................................................... 101

4.2.3 Air Environment ........................................................................................................................... 102

4.2.4 Noise Environment ...................................................................................................................... 103

4.2.5. Biological Environment ............................................................................................................... 104

4.2.6 Storage of Hazardous Material .................................................................................................... 105

4.2.7 Socio-Economic Environment ...................................................................................................... 105

4.3 During Operation Phase .................................................................................................................. 107

4.3.1 Air Environment ........................................................................................................................... 107

4.3.2 Impact on Land Environment ....................................................................................................... 112

4.3.3 Impact on Ambient Noise ............................................................................................................ 114

4.3.4 Impacts on Water Environment ................................................................................................... 118

4.3.5 Rain Water Harvesting Plan ......................................................................................................... 125

4.3.6 Impacts on Biological Environment ............................................................................................. 126

4.3.7 Impacts Solid Waste ..................................................................................................................... 126

4.3.8 Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment ................................................................................... 127

4.4 Traffic Management........................................................................................................................ 128

4.5 Occupational Health Care ............................................................................................................... 129

CHAPTER 5 - ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ................................. 133 5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 133

5.2. Alternatives .................................................................................................................................... 133

5.2.1 Product ......................................................................................................................................... 134

5.2.2 Raw Material ................................................................................................................................ 134

5.2.3 Technology Alternatives: ............................................................................................................. 135

5.2.4 Site Alternatives: .......................................................................................................................... 140

5.2.5 ‘NO-PROJECT’ Option ................................................................................................................... 143

CHAPTER 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ............................................ 144


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6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 144

6.2 Monitoring plan .............................................................................................................................. 144

6.3 Sampling Schedule and Locations ................................................................................................... 146

6.4 Laboratory Facilities ........................................................................................................................ 147

6.5 Budget for Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 148

CHAPTER 7 - ADDITIONAL STUDIES ....................................................................................... 150 7.1 Public consultation .......................................................................................................................... 150

7.2 Risk assessment .............................................................................................................................. 158

7.3 Stocking at work place, loading &floor area maintenance ............................................................. 159

7.4 Work Environment: ......................................................................................................................... 159

7.5 Disaster Management Plan ............................................................................................................. 160

7.6 Objectives........................................................................................................................................ 160

7.7 Elements of On-Site Plan ................................................................................................................ 160

7.8 Organization .................................................................................................................................... 160

7.9 Duty Allocation ................................................................................................................................ 161

7.10 Social Impact Assessment ............................................................................................................. 163

CHAPTER 8–PROJECT BENEFITS ............................................................................................. 166 8.1 Improvements in the physical infrastructure ................................................................................. 166

8.2 Improvements in the social infrastructure ..................................................................................... 167

8.3 Employment potential – skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled ........................................................... 170

8.4 Other tangible benefits ................................................................................................................... 170

CHAPTER 9–ENVIRONMENTAL COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS ................................................. 172 9.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 172

9.2 If recommended at the Scoping stage ............................................................................................ 172

CHAPTER 10–ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)................................................ 174 10.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 174

10.2 Objectives of Environmental Management Plan .......................................................................... 174

10.3 Checklist of Statutory Obligations................................................................................................. 175

10.4 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) ...................................................................................... 175

10.5 Environmental management plan: Construction Phase ............................................................... 177

10.5.1 Site Preparation ......................................................................................................................... 177

10.5.2 Construction Equipment and Waste .......................................................................................... 177

10.5.3 Air Environment ......................................................................................................................... 177


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10.5.4 Noise Environment .................................................................................................................... 178

10.5.5 Water Environment ................................................................................................................... 178

10.5.6 Safety & Health .......................................................................................................................... 178

10.6 Environmental Management Plan: operation Phase .................................................................... 178

10.6.1 Air Quality Management ............................................................................................................ 179

10.6.2 Noise & odour Management ..................................................................................................... 181

10.6.3 Water Management ................................................................................................................... 182

10.6.4 Solid and hazardous Waste Management ................................................................................. 182

10.6.5 Concept of Waste Minimization ................................................................................................ 183

10.6.6 Green belt development ............................................................................................................ 183

10.6.7 Occupational Health & Safety .................................................................................................... 190

10.6.8 Corporate Social Responsibilty (CSR) ......................................................................................... 195

10.6.9 Environmental Monitoring Schedule ......................................................................................... 196

CHAPTER 11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION............................................................................... 198 11.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................................................. 198

11.2 Project Location: ........................................................................................................................... 198

11.3 Project Description........................................................................................................................ 199

11.4 Basic Requirement ........................................................................................................................ 199

11.5 Pollution control Technology & Equipment: ................................................................................. 200

11.6 Manufacturing Process: ................................................................................................................ 200

11.7 Description of Environment .......................................................................................................... 201

11.8 Anticipated Environmental Impact and mitigation measures: ..................................................... 202

11.9 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Plan ................................................................................... 203

11.10 Environmental Budget for proposed Distillery unit .................................................................... 204

CHAPTER 12– DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED .................................................. 205


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CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

M/s Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd.(ASSKL) Village At/Post –Agasti Nagar, Tal –

Akole, Dist.–Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. is registered as cooperative society vide

ANR/AKL/PRG(A)/28(S)1989 dated 4th December 1989.

The existing installed crushing capacity of sugar unit was 2500 TCD and 1st crushing season

was conducted in 1992. The sugar unit generates by-products viz. bagasse, molasses and

press mud. To be economically and environmentally sustainable it is necessary for the

sugar industries to convert these by-products into high value products. Hence ASSKL

proposed to establish molasses based distillery unit having capacity of 30KLPD within the

existing premises of sugar unit.

The unit will be based on advance technology of cascade continuous fermentation. It has

provision to switch over to Fed Batch fermentation when molasses quality is poor and

Multi-pressure distillery. The raw material, molasses generated from the sugar plant will

be utilized in the proposed distillery. The production level of Sugar unit will be kept the

same as existing and consented.

As per EIA Notification S on 14th September 2006 issued by Ministry of Environment &

Forests, Govt. of India vide Gazette Notification No. S.O. 1533(E) dt: 14thSep.’2006, and

amended, the proposed 30 KLPD molasses based distillery shall be treated as Category–A;

Schedule 5 (g). Accordingly, the project proponent has submitted prescribed application

along with pre-feasibility report to the MoEF&CC New Delhi. The project was considered in

the 17th EAC meeting dated 28thDecember, 2016 And Terms of Reference has been

approved by EAC (vide letter F.No J-11011/329/2016-IA.II (I) dated 31st may 2017). Based

on the approved TOR and stanadard TOR, Environmental Impact Assessment studies are

carried out. Draft EIA and EMP report was prepared and submitted for public hearing

Consequently, Public Consultation/Public Hearing was conducted at project site by

Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) on 8th September 2018 under chairmanship

of Additional District Magistrate (RDC) of the District. The project is supported by the

people. Copy is TOR is enclosed as annexure I


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There are no litigation pending against the project and/ or any direction / order passed be

any court of law against the project. The existing sugar unit did not require EC and hence

commenced at that time with MPCB Consent duly.

1.2 Purpose of the Report

Industrial activities such as distilleries invariably involve utilization of natural resources

and generation of waste substances and they may have adverse consequence to the

environment. However, mankind as it is developed today cannot live without taking up

these activities for his food, security or other needs. Hence, there is a need to harmonies

developmental activities with the environmental concern.

Consequently, there is a need to harmonious developmental activities with the

environmental concern. EIA is one of the tools available with the planners to achieve the

above goal. It is desirable to ensure that the project activity is sustainable. Hence, the

environmental consequence must be characterized early in the project cycle and accounted

for in the project design. The objective of EIA is to fore see the potential environmental

problems that would arise out of the proposed development and address them in the

project planning and design stage. The present EIA report incorporates the environmental

consequence of the proposed distillery project along with the measures adopted in the

distillery for control of pollution and enhancement of environmental quality.

Alcohol is produced in the distilleries by fermentation and distillation processes. Molasses,

a waste/byproduct of sugar industry is used as raw material by most of the distilleries.

Spent wash produced as an effluent is the major pollutant from the distilleries. It is highly

contaminated with inorganic and organic matter. Proper handling and disposal of spent

wash is necessary to prevent its adverse effects on the environment.

State and Central pollution control authorities have issued guidelines to the distilleries for

treatment and safe disposal of spent wash. Accordingly, the distillery spent wash will be

treated and disposed through Biomethnation, evaporation and biocomposting.The

proposed project is zero discharge of spent wash to environment.


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The proposed distillery project is listed under EIA Notification dated 14-09-2006 of

Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF&CC), Government of India. Further, it is

categorized under Category -A of Schedule 5 (g) of this notification. As per the above

notification, prior clearance from MoEF&CC is mandatory before establishment of this

industry. Under Environmental Protection Act (EPA) 1986, before establishment of any

project it is also mandatory for the project proponents to obtain consent on environmental

angle from State pollution control board. EIA studies have to be conducted and its report is

to be prepared for submission to the authorities along with the prescribed application

forms to secure their clearance for the proposed project. Hence, the present report is

prepared for submission to MoEF&CC New Delhi.

1.3 Identification of the Project and Project Proponent

ASSKL is a legal entity, and is registered for Sugar manufacturing on

1992ANR/AKL/PRG(A)/28(S)1989 dated 4thDecember 1989. This industry was ably

established under the vision of Shri. Madhukar Pichad and is now handled by:

Table.1.1: Management Details

S. No. Name of Director Designation

1. Shri.Madhukar Pichad Chairman

2. Shri.Sitaram Gaikar Vice Chairman

3. Shri. Bhaskar Ghule Managing Director

Director of Sugar, Govt. of Maharashtra and Bank representative are two directors on

Board who will keep a working discipline. By the honest working, this group has developed

the existing unit well. This is supported by the following group of renowned directors:

Shri. Vaibhav Pichad Shri. Prakash Malunjkar Shri. Kailasrao Wakchaure

Shri.Ashokrao Deshmukh Shri. Kachrupatil Shete Shri.Rajendra Daware

Shri. Ramnath Wakchaure Shri. Gulabrao Shewale Shri. Ashokrao Arote

Shri. Minanath Pande Shri.Machindra Dhumal Shri. Mahesh Nawale

Shri. Sunil Daur Shri. Bhausaheb Deshmukh Shri. Bhaskarrao Binnar

Shri.Surekha Deshmukh Shri. Manishatai Yewale Shri. Bhimsen Tanje


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Shri.Suresh Gadakh

The present Directors of this firm are working hard to fulfill a dream of industrially strong

Nation and running it well. The land is already in possession and is not a prime agricultural

land. The acumen of the team can be judged by only one single success indicator that the

same customers and supply chain are continuing over the years. The Project Proponents

are known for their track record of honest and transparent businesses. The team is law

abiding, and goes much beyond mere obedience to the letters. They go to the spirit of law.

The track record of merit and honesty is evident from the working of existing unit.

The company will continue their efforts in making the proposed plant ideal with state of art

hardware and same responsible working as other enterprises of the proponents group. The

company is well aware about energy crisis and is committed to take various steps for

Conservation of energy, such as

- Electrical load management to restrict maximum demand

- Optimum utilization of fuel

- Power factor improvement

- Energy management and monitoring

- Improving thermal efficiency of boiler.

- Change to more energy efficient motors

- Variable frequency drive application for motors

- Energy conservation awareness training

This Industry is committed to

- Prevent pollution in its activities associated with manufacturing and supply of

sugar, rectified spirit & power.

- Continually improve environmental performance

- Comply with environmental legislations and regulations

- The PP is very keen to obey the provisions of Environmental Statutes. PP also takes

care for the health of their farmer members. As such there is no litigation against

this industry.


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These shall be implemented by

- Reducing the spillages and fugitive pollutants emissions through extensive

monitoring

- Conserving energy and other resources through optimum utilization and waste

minimization

- Training and involving the employees for development of Clean and Green

Environment

This is a cooperative limited sugar factory and local farmers are the members who grow

sugarcane and their number is more than 25,969 and other co-operative institutes are also

members.

1.4 Brief description of nature, size, location of the project

1.4.1 Project Location

The proposed project located at village Agastinagar, Tal- Akole, Dist – Ahmednagar,

Maharashtra. Site comes under Grampanchyat Agastinagar Jurisdiction. The site is located

at rural surroundings and is about 72.4 km from Railway Station (Shirdi) and 3.0km from

Akole(tehsil place), 4.0 km from river Pravara (flowing from North of site). It is

geographically located in 19°30'53.75"N latitudes and 74°00'18.62"E longitude.

1.4.2 Details of Existing sugar unit and Proposed distillery unit

Table 1.2Details of Existing Sugar Unit and Proposed Distillery Unit

Sr. Details Sugar Distillery

1 Status Existing Proposed

2 Location Agastinagar, Tal- Akole, Dist

– Ahmednagar, Maharashtra.

Agastinagar, Tal- Akole, Dist –

Ahmednagar, aharashtra.

3 Capacity 2500 TCD 30 KLPD

4 Working days 160 270

5 Raw material Sugarcane Molasses


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Sr. Details Sugar Distillery

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Quantity of raw material

400000 MT Total Molasses Requirement : 32400 MT Molasses : 120 T/d Sulfuric acid: 110 lit Nutrients N, P: 100 kg Turkey Red Oil (TRO): 500 kg

7 Bioler Capacity 2 bioler – 32 TPH 10 TPH

8 Bioler Fuel Bagasse Bagasse

9 Water source Pravara River Pravara River

10 Water requirement

385 M3/day 400 M3/day

11 Land ha 52.21 ha

21.566 ha

No additional landrequired Accommodated in existing industry as 6 ha for the Distillery

12 Green Belt 13 ha 2 ha

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Effluent Treatment facility

Effluent Treatment plant Bio-methanation, evaporation and bio-composting. Plus, effluent stream treated by Bio-oxidation and tertiary treatment.

14 APC measures for boiler

Adequate stack height with ESP

For proposed distillery boiler: 60 m stack height with ESP


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Figure No. 1.1 Project Location

Village – Agasti Nagar

Taluka – Akole

District – Ahmednagar

State – Maharashtra


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Figure No 1.2 Google Image with Project Location


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1.5 Scope of Study

The study envisages characterization of the existing status of physical environment such as

air, water, soil, land use, meteorology, socio-economic and heritage etc. as well as biological

environment such as flora and fauna of the study area of 10 km radius and quantifying

impacts on the environmental parameters. Based on the baseline data, EIA evaluates the

proposed control measures by the project and prepares an environment management plan,

outlining additional proposed activities and delineates the requirements of environmental

monitoring program. EIA-EMP report covers the following aspects

Evaluation of present environmental factors through analysis of generated and

collected baseline data for one complete non-monsoon season (3 months).

Assess the probable impact on the environmental factors due to implementation of the

project with respect to existing scenario.

Analyze the predicted impact with respect to the regulatory environmental standards.

Assess the probable risk at the proposed plant.

Develop an Environmental Management Plan and on site Disaster Management Plan for

the proposed project to mitigate the negative significant impacts that would arise from

the proposed project.

The baseline data has been collected for the following environmental components,

during January to March 2017

Air Quality

Meteorology

Noise Environment

Water Use & Quality

Soil Quality

Demographic & socio-economic aspects

Ecology & Biodiversity

Baseline data on parameters of the above-mentioned aspects over a season provides means

for identifying possible impact-positive as well as adverse. An environmental impact


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assessment and environment management plan comprising an overall assessment of the

impact due to project activity over baseline condition of the existing environment and a

mitigating action plan to counter the adverse impact as defined. An environmental

monitoring program is also prepared to provide scientific support to future actions of

environmental protection.

1.5.1 Organization of Report

The report has been divided into following eleven chapters:

Chapter 1. Introduction: This chapter provides the purpose of the report, background

information of the proposed project, brief description of nature, size and location of

project, objectives of the project, estimated project cost, scope and organization of the

study. The key environmental legislation and the standards relevant to the project and the

methodology adopted in preparation of this report have also been described in this

chapter.

Chapter 2. Project Description : The chapter deals with the need of the project, location,

environmental setting of the project, details of project, other technical and design details

and sources of pollution from the proposed activity and measures proposed to control

pollution.

Chapter 3. Description of the Environment: The chapter presents the methodology and

findings of field studies undertaken to establish the environmental baseline conditions,

which is also supplemented by secondary published literature.

Chapter 4. Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures: The chapter

details the inferences drawn from the environmental impact assessment of the proposed

project during various phases of project advancement, such as design, location of project,

construction and regular operations. It also describes the overall impacts of the proposed

project activities and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures.

Chapter 5. Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site): The technology and project site

alternatives are discussed in the chapter.


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Chapter 6. Environmental Monitoring Program: Environmental monitoring

requirements for effective implementation of mitigatory measures during operational

phase have been delineated in this chapter

Chapter 7. Additional Studies: The chapter describes public consultation issues & various

risks associated during operational stage of the project such as fuel storage, chemical

storage fire etc.

Chapter 8. Project Benefits: In this chapter describes various benefits of the project to the

community in the vicinity and as well as to the region on the whole.

Chapter 9. Environmental cost Benefit analysis

Chapter 10. Environmental Management Plan (EMP): It also provides

recommendations/ Environment Management Plan (EMP) including mitigation measures

for minimizing the negative environmental impacts of the project. The assessment will

cover the baseline data generation, predictions and evaluation of impact on various

environmental components and preparation of adequate Environmental Management Plan.

Chapter 11. Summary & Conclusion: This Chapter highlights the expected benefits of the

proposed plant to the socio-economic scenario in the study area and to the country as a

whole.

Chapter 12. Disclosure of Consultants Engaged


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1.5.2 Compliance of Terms of Reference

Table 1.3 TOR Compliance

MINUTES OF 17th EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE (INDUSTRY-2) MEETING HELD DURING 26th to 29th December 2016 & TOR Letter Reference No F.No J-11011/329/2016-IA.II (I) dated 31st May 2017

Sr. No. TOR Points Reference TOR Compliance

SPECIFIC TOR

1 List of existing distillery units in the study area along with their capacity and sourcing of raw material

Chapter 2 List of Existing Sugar And Distillery Units in vicinity & section 2.2

2 Number of working days of the distillery unit. Chapter 2 Number of working days 270 days

3 Details of raw materials such as molasses and their source with availability.

Chapter 2 Raw material requirement and availability is given in chapter 2

4 Details of the use of steam from the boiler. Chapter 2 Steam and power details given chapter 2 and section 2.5.3 Steam and Power Requirement

5 Surface and Ground water quality around proposed spent wash storage lagoon, and compost yard

Chapter 4

Surface and Ground water quality around proposed spent wash storage lagoon, and compost yard given in chapter 4

6 Commitment for spent wash generation within 6-8 KL/KL of alcohol produced.

Chapter 2 Spent wash generation will be 8 KL/KL of alchol produced. Total spent wash generation will be 240 m3/day.

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Proposed effluent treatment system for molasses distillery (spent wash, spent lees, condensate and utilities) as well as domestic sewage and scheme for achieving zero effluent discharge (ZLD).

Chapter 4

Effleunt treatment for molasses distillery (spent wash, spent lees, condensate and utilities) as well as domestic sewage and scheme for achieving zero


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effluent discharge (ZLD) is given in chapter 4

8 Proposed action to restrict fresh water consumption within 10 KL/KL of alcohol production

Chapter 2 Detailed water balance is given in chapter 2

9

Details about capacity of spent wash holding tank, material used, design consideration. No. of peizometers to be proposed around spent wash holding tank and composting yard.

Chapter 4

Capacity of spent wash holding tank, material used, design consideration. No. of peizometers to be proposed around spent wash holding tank and composting yard details are given in chapter 4

10 Action plan to control ground water pollution Chapter 4 Details given in chapter 4

11 Details of solid waste management including management of boiler ash, yeast, etc. Details of incinerated spent wash ash generation and its disposal.

Chapter 2 Chapter 4. Incineration is not proposed

12 Details of bio-composting yard Chapter 4 Details are given in chapter 4

13 Action plan to control odour pollution. Chapter 10 Action plan is given in chapter 4

14 Arrangements for installation of continuous online monitoring system (24x7 monitoring device)

Chapter 6 Continuous online monitoring system (24x7 monitoring device) will be installed before operation of the project

ADDITIONAL TOR

i

Public hearing to be conducted and issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made

Chapter 7 Public hearing conducted at project site on 8th September 2017. Detailed minites of meeting of PH is given in chapter 7

ii Green belt 10m wide around the periphery Chapter 10 Green Belt Development plan is prepared details are given in chapter 10


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Generic TOR

1 Executive summary Chapter 11 -

2 Introduction

Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET accreditation

Chapter 12 EIA Consultant including NABET accreditation is given in chapter 12.

Information about the project proponent Chapter 1 Project proponent details aare given in chapter 2.

Importance and benefits of the project Chapter 1 & 8 Importance and benefits of the project of the project is given in chapter 1 and 8

3 Project Description

Cost of project and time of completion - The Capital Cost of Distillery project is Rs. 4998 Lakhs. The project will be implemented within 12 months from the date of issue of prior EC and consent to Establish by MPCB

Products with capacities for the proposed project Chapter 2 Products and capacity are given in Chapter 2

If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any.

- Not applicable.

List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation.

Chapter 2 List of raw materials required and source is given in chapter 2

Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities

Chapter 2 Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities

Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management

Chapter 10 Kindly refer chapter 10

Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract)



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Process description along with major equipments and machineries, process flow sheet (quantative) from raw material to products to be provided

Chapter 2 Kindly refer point no. 2.5 of chapter 2

Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems.


Expansion/modernization proposals: - Not applicable

Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including

Amendments thereto obtained for the project from

MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified

copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of

the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated

30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions

stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including

Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of

compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing Iexisting

operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the

EIA-EMP report.

- Not applicable

In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.

Not applicable

4 Site Details

Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered.

Chapter 2 Kindly refer point 2.2 & 2.3 of chapter 2

A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site Chapter 3 Kindly refer point 3.4 and figure no 3.1


18

location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive place)

Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site Chapter 5 Kindly refer point no.5.2

Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site Chapter 2 Project layout

Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site Chapter 1 Kindly Refer point 1.2

Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate.

Chapter 2 Project layout

Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular

Chapter 2 Kindly refer site photographs of chapter 2

Landuse break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/ private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area

Chapter 2 Kindly refer point 2.5.2 Land Requirement of chapter 2

A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area

Chapter 2 Kindly refer Table 2.2 List of Existing Sugar And Distillery Units in Vicinity of chapter 2

Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area shall be included.

Chapter3 -

Details of Drainage of the project upto 5km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the

- Not applicable


19

project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects)

Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land.

- Land in already in possession. Additional land is not required.

R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy

- Not applicable

5 Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): Not applicable

Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable)

Not applicable as no forest land is invloed in the project site

Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha)


Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted.

- Not applicable

The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon

- No National Parks, sanctuaries, Biosphere reserves wihth the 10 km radius of the project site

Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area

Not applicable. No schedule -1 fauna exists within 10 km radius

Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Not applicable


20

Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife

6 Environmental Status

Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific micrometeorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall.

Chapter 3 Kindly refer point 3.5 of chapter 3

AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests


Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along with - min., max., average and 98% values foreach of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report.

- Kindly refer annexure II of EIA Report

Surface water quality of nearby River (100m upstream and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.


Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details.

- Not applicable

Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be included.


Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area.


Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines Chapter 3 Kindly refer point 3.9 of chapter 3


21

Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc.


Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished


Socio-economic status of the study area Chapter 3 Kindly refer point 3.11 of chapter 3

7 Impact and Environment Management Plan

Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on sitespecific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any.

Chapter 4 Kindly refer point 4.3.1 of chapter 4

Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyorcum-rail



22

transport shall be examined

A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules


Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions to meet standards


Measures for fugitive emission control Chapter 4 Kindly refer point 4.3.1 of chapter 4

Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation


Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided


Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated.


Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to

Chapter 4 Kindly refer point 4.3.5 Rain Water Harvesting Plan of chapter 4


23

use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources

Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures shall be included.


Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be submitted


Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan.

Chapter 7 Kindly refer point no 7.2 of chapter 7

8 Occupational health

Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers

Chapter 4 Kindly refer chapter 4 & chapter 10

Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers' health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise

Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved


24

Annual report of heath status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety.

9 Corporate Environment Policy Chapter 10 Kindly refer point 10.6.8 Corporate Social Responsibilty (CSR) of chapter 10

Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report

Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.

What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given

Does the company have system of reporting of non compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report

10 Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase.

11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be

Chapter 10 Managemnt of ASSKL is commited to upliftment od living standard of villagres thorugh varius activites. Provision for social development is made


25

included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon.

by Management

Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case.

- Not Any

A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TOR.

Noted


14

CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Introduction


Akole, Dist. –Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. is registered as cooperative society vide

ANR/AKL/PRG(A)/28(S)1989 dated 4th December 1989. The existing installed crushing

capacity of sugar unit was 2500 TCD and 1st crushing season was conducted in 1992.

On the basis of raw material availability M/s Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd.(ASSKL)

proposes to set-up 30 KLPD distillery unit in factory premises at Village Agasti Nagar, Tal –

Akole, Dist. –Ahmednagar, Maharashtra.

This chapter covers the processes and affiliated facilities of the project including

production and infrastructure, resources utilization, products formed along with wastes/

pollutants generated from the project. The information is needed to assess the impact of

these activities on the environment and to delineate the mitigation measures. The

proposed project is distillery unit of 30 KLPD. The same is proposed within the factory

premises.

2.2 Justification for the project

Molasses is one of the waste products produced from sugar factory. Environmentally

speaking it has very undesirable & risky properties. However, it is possible to put it to

useful purpose by producing Alcohol. Molasses can be used as raw material for distillery.

The resultant alcohol has various uses in chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry and

as Ethanol. The liquid effluent however, is highly polluting though not poisonous or toxic.

Spent Wash treated through Biomethanation and biomenthanated spent wash

concentrated at Multi-effect Evaporator (MEE). This concentrated spent wash is mixed with

press mud for composting; hence new distillery unit is justifiable.


15

Distillery unit needs the raw material as molasses & this can be fulfilled by sugar factory of

our own. This area has very good soil & availability of water. The people are enthusiastic

about such crop & hence sugar factory is justifiable.

2.3 Details of proposed Distillery Unit

The proposed ethanol plant will have manufacturing capacity of 30 KLPD. The steam and

power requirement for the proposed ethanol plant will be made available by installing

separate 10 TPH boiler.

Products of the distillery process are Rectified spirit, Extra Neutral Alcohol (ENA) &

Absolute Alcohol (AA).

2.3.1 Project Layout

The layout is prepared taking into consideration various aspects like Road, Terrain,

landscape, ground features and prevailing wind direction, river/dam water intake, space

for temporary construction / lay-down area, fabrication yard, storage yard and

warehouses is also planned. The proposed plant layout is presented in Figure No. 2.1.

The water treatment plant, DM water facilities are located based on the most economical

layout considering the overall plant layout.

2.3.2 Site Photographs


16


24

Figure No. 2.1 Project layout


25

2.3.3 Raw Material Requirement:

The capacity of the proposed Molasses based distillery will be 30 KLPD. For this the main

and sole raw material is molasses. Ethanol plant will operate on molasses as feed stock

during season and on saved / purchased molasses as feed stock during off-season.

Molasses required per day is worked out in the following table below.

Table 2.1Requirement of Molasses

Sr. No

Item Ethanol Plant on

own/procured Molasses

1 Cane crushing, TCD 2500

2 No. of hrs. per day 22

3 No. of season days 160

4 Cane crushing, MT 400000

5 No. of days of operation 270

6 Ethanol capacity, KLPD 30

7 Molasses, % cane 4.50

8 Molasses MT 18000

9 Ethanol recovery, liters / MT of molasses

270

10 No. of days on

Own molasses 150

Procured molasses 120

Total 270

11 Quantities

Molasses required MT per day 120

Molasses required MT per Annum 32400

Own Molasses, MT 18000

Procured Molasses, MT 14400

About 14400 MT molasses will be procured from the surrounding sugar mills. During

transportation of procured molasses from nearer sugar units all the required precautions

will be taken. The list of nearer sugar unit with capacity is given below.


26

Table 2.2 List of Existing Sugar And Distillery Units in Vicinity

# Existing Factories Sugar TCD Dist. KLPD

1 Ashok SSK Ltd. (Ahmednagar) 2800 90

2 Ganesh SSK Ltd. (Ahmednagar) 1750 90

3 Mula SSK Ltd. (Ahmednagar) 5000 90

4 Pad. Dr. Vikhe Patil SSK (Ahmednagar) 5000 180

5 Vitthal SSK Ltd. (Solapur) 5000 90

6 Shri. Vighnahar SSK Ltd. (Pune) 5000 90

2.4 Manufacturing Process

The flow diagram and manufacturing process of Distillery plant is given below.

I. Substrate (Feed) Preparation for Fermentation


27

Molasses is procured carefully with good contents. Molasses stored in a storage tank is first

weighed in a tank with load cells so that accurate quantity can be fed to the fermentation

section. The weighed molasses then transferred from tank to the diluter in fermentation

section where it is diluted with water and fed to the fermenters or culture preparation

vessels.

II. Yeast Propagation and Continuous Fermentation

In this process the culture containing highly efficient yeast strain is propagated in yeast

culture vessel under aseptic conditions.

The ready yeast seed is then transferred from culture vessel to fermenter. The

sugar/glucose in media gets converted to Alcohol in the fermenters operating on

continuous cascade mode. CO2 gas liberated during reaction is contaminated with traces of

alcohol vapours. It is sent to CO2 scrubber for recovery of Alcohol. After fermentation, the

sludge containing spent yeast is separated from the wash in a thickener consisting of

settler cum decanter tank and then concentrated in a decanter centrifuge. The yeast sludge

in the form of cake with 2.5 % solids will be used as manure.

III. Multi-Pressure Distillation

The distillation plant consists of multi pressure vacuum distillation and columns operate at

different pressures to save steam. The plant operated with exhaust steam obtained from

co-gen steam turbine. The distillation consists of following stages:

Distillation of clarified fermenter product (wart) in distillation columns to separate

aqueous alcohol (40%) and spent wash.

Rectification of aqueous alcohol to separate rectified spirit (RS) containing 95%

alcohol and spent lees.

Dilution and rectification of rectified spirit to produce extra neutral alcohol (ENA).


28

The fermentation wash containing Alcohol, non-fermentable solids and water is supplied to

distillation to separate the alcohol and other impurities, as a continuous flow. The

distillation system is designed for quality. The system details are as below:

The system consists of 7 columns, namely Analyzer column, De-gassifier, Pre-rectifier

column, Rectification Column, Extraction column, Recovery Column, Simmering column.

Wash is fed to de-gassifier cum analyzer column. CO2 and other non-condensable gases are

removed at the de-gassifier unit. Distillate containing 40% alcohol from top of analyzer

column is sent to RS column for further purification and concentration. Alcohol free

aqueous solution containing non fermentable matter is discharged as spent wash from the

bottom of analyzer column. Dilute alcohol is concentrated in RS column from where

distillate containing 95% of alcohol is removed as Rectified Spirit (RS) from top and

aqueous waster containing trace impurities is discharged from bottom as effluent. In case

of ENA (Extra Neutral Alcohol) production, the RS along with dilution water is sent to

extraction column. Most of the high boiling impurities are removed from top of this column

and from bottom aqueous alcohol is obtained. The latter is taken to ENA column, and from

where 95 % alcohol is obtained as distillate. 95% alcohol is further distilled in recovery

column to remove low boiling impurities (mainly methanol) along with bottoms. ENA from

top of purification is sent to storage tanks.

The Alcohol with high boiling impurities (mainly aldehydes) removed from top of RS,

extraction, rectifier and refining columns are taken to aldehyde column. Impure spirit is

recovered from top of aldehyde column and the balance alcohol with moderate purity is

recycled to RS column for further distillation. Low boiling alcohols such as propyl and amyl

alcohol are removed from appropriate locations of the RS and ENA columns. These are

concentrated in fuel oil columns and recovered as fuel oil.

IV. Dehydration of RS to Anhydrous/Fuel grade ethanol:

There are various dehydration routs such as Azeotropic Distillation, Evaporation,

Membrane Technology and Molecular sieve Technology. Environmentally best is

selected.Rectified spirit is pumped by a feed pump to the dehydration plant. The rectified


29

spirit containing 95% alcohol and 5% water will first pass through feed economizer, then

through a vaporizer cum super heater which will convert the rectified spirit feed to

superheated vapors. The superheated vapour will pass through a sieve column, which is

already regenerated and pressurized to working pressure. All the water vapors present in

vapor mixture are adsorbed in the column. Along with alcohol traces of alcohol are also

adsorbed in the column. The Anhydrous alcohol vapors free from water vapors exhausted

from the column are duly condensed in the re-boiler at the recovery column and is further

passed through feed economizer to preheat the incoming feed and then to a final product

cooler. After saturation of sieve column with water, the flow will be shifted to the next sieve

column, which is already regenerated and pressurized. After completion of dehydration

cycle, the sieve column saturated with water is regenerated by evacuation of adsorbed

water and alcohol. The evacuated vapors are condensed. The condensed mixture of

alcohol and water is then fed to a recovery column. This sequence of adsorption and

regeneration of sieve column continues.

It is noteworthy that:

Rectified spirit feed is pretreated by product vapour

Evaporator column gets energy from re-boiler

Steam condensate is fed back to boiler

Twin adsorbents beds. One in dehydration mode, other is regeneration mode.

Switching of beds by Automation.


30

2.5 Basic requirement

2.5.1 Material Requirement /Material Balance

Material balance was prepared considering worst case scenario. The detail material /fuel

balance with water consumption presented in Table No. 2.3

Table 2. 3 Material Requirement /Material Balance

Sr. No.

Requirement Source Input Product Byproduct / waste

Sugar plant 1. Sugarcane Available

in command area

2500 TCD Sugar: 46000 MT

Bagasse: 120000 MT Press mud: 18000 MT Molasses: 18000 MT

Proposed 30 KLPD Distillery 2 Molasses

Sugar Factory

32400 MT 18000 MT – In-house 14400 MT – Procured from Other factory

Ethanol 30 KLPD

Spent wash: 240 m3/day

Other chemicals

No Raw Material Quantity/day

2. Sulfuric acid 110 lit

3. Nutrients N, P 100 kg

4. Turkey Red Oil (TRO) 500 kg

Storage Capacity for Molasses and Alcohol

Product Particulars Storage Capacity

Alcohol (Proposed Tanks) R.S. Storage tank 600 m3

E.N.A. Bulk Storage tank 450 m3


31

TA Storage tank 200 m3

I.S. Bulk Storage tank 200 m3

Molasses tank Storage Tank 1-existing 4000 MT

Storage Tank 2-existing 4000 MT

Storage Tank 3-proposed 4000 MT

2.5.2 Land Requirement

Total hand is 52.21 ha. Out of 52.21 ha, 6 ha land has been identified for establish the

proposed project. The available land is adequate to install the proposed distillery unit. The

break-up of Land requirement is given in Table No. 2.4

Table 2.4Break Up of Land

# Land Utilization For ~Land Area, m2

1 Factory sheds & Buildings 20000

2 Open space utilize for Bagasse storage, WTP, ETP, Molasses storage tank, Cooling tower, spray pond, switch yard & storage for ETP treated .

7500

3 Roads 6000

5 Parking and cane yard 6500

6 Open space for green belt 20000

Total 60000

2.5.3 Steam and Power Requirement

Steam economy is achieved by employing multi-pressure distillation and multi effect

evaporation units and adopting heat recovery systems in the plant. The new boiler of 10

TPH shall be provided for distillery plant . The details of boiler are given below.

Table 2.5Boiler Details

Particular Details Boiler No. 1 Boiler Capacity, MT/hr 10 TPH Steam Pressure, kg/cm2 (g) 45km/cm2


32

Steam Temperature,°C 340-380 Fuel Used Bagasse Quantity of Fuel, TPH 5.2 T/hr

Energy is provided by steam with appropriate pressure at 3.5kg/cm2(g) and its

temperature around 140°C.

Table 2.6Energy Balance

Section Unit Normal

Operation Peak

Pressure (kg/cm2 (g))

Temperature (°C)

Wash to RS Mode Kg/hr 2.2 2.2 3.5 140

Wash to ENA Made Kg/hr 3.2 3.2 3.5 140

MSDH Plant Kg/hr 0.6 0.6 3.5 140 Evaporation Section Kg/hr 1.5 1.5 3.5 140

2.5.4 Water Requirement:

Water requirement for the proposed plant will be 400 m3. The water requirement will be

fulfilled from Pravara River. Permission from Irrigation department, GoM is obtained

Requirement of water for

Existing Sugar Unit: 385 m3/day

Proposed Distillery Unit; 400 m3/day

Table 2.7Water Balance of proposed Distillery Unit

# Step Water input m3/d Loss Wastewater out m3/d

1 Cooling Fresh = 100 (Make-up) 80 To ETP = 20

2 Fermentation

Feed = 24

Fresh = 168

Recycled from ETP =46

Recycle Spent lees =87

Recycle scrubber = 10

6

To Distillation = 329

3 Distillation From Fermentation = 329

- Moisture in product = 2

High BOD Spent wash = 240


33

Spent lees to recycle = 87

4 CO2 Scrubbing

Fresh = 10 - Sent to Fermentation = 10

5 Pump Blower Sealing water

Fresh = 40 2 To ETP = 38

6 Floor & vessel washing


Fresh water for Distillery 328 m3/d

Recycled (ETP) 46 m3/d

Water from Feed 24 m3/d

Total Input 398 m3/d

2.5.5 Man Power

Taking existing manpower into consideration, for distillery total manpower requirement

will be 64 (34 skilled and 30 unskilled for production and pollution control) persons. More

than 85 % of the manpower requirement will be fulfilled by employing the local people.

Man power requirement for construction work will be about 120. Construction workers

will reside in nearby villages. Residential facility will not be required for the construction

personnel.


34

CHAPTER 3-DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction

This chapter illustrates the description of the existing environmental status of the study

area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The environmental

influence due to the project is likely to be restricted to project site and its surroundings

consisting of about 10 km region around the factory premises. Therefore, the study area for

monitoring of environmental parameters covers 10 km distance around the project site.

The existing environmental setting is considered to establish the baseline conditions which

are described with respect to climate, hydro geological aspects, atmospheric conditions,

water quality, soil quality, vegetation pattern, ecology, socio economic profile, land use, and

places of archaeological importance.

For reconnaissance survey the sampling locations were identified based on:

Existing topography and meteorological conditions

Locations of water intake and waste disposal points

Location of human habilitation and other sensitive areas present in the vicinity of

the proposed project site

Representative areas for baseline conditions

Accessibility for sampling

3.2 Study Period

The studies were conducted during January 2017 to March 2017

3.3 Environmental Parameters

The environmental parameters which are likely to be affected by project activities are air,

water, soil and socio-economics within 10 km radius of the project. The data on

meteorology is needed to assess the dispersion of gaseous pollutant by air quality

mathematical modeling; Gaussian plum rise model is used in calculating air pollutants such


35

as PM, SO2, and NOx in the region. Details of environmental parameters

monitoring/sampling presented in Table No. 3.1

Table 3.0.1Environmental Parameter & Frequency of Monitoring

Sr. No

Components

Parameters Frequency of Monitoring Methodology adopted

1. Ambient air quality

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx

Ambient air quality samples are monitored at 9 locations for 24 hours twice a week for the study period

PM10/PM2.5: Gravimetric method SO2 : Modified West and Gaeke Method (IS : 5182, Part II) NOx : Jacobs and Hochheiser Method (IS 5182 Part VI)

2 Meteorology Surface : Wind speed and direction , temperature, relative humidity and rainfall

Primary data: Hourly continuous readings during the study period at plant site

Monitoring data for primary data IS: 8829 Through Online Monitoring System

3 Water quality

Physical, Chemical and Bacteriological parameters.

Primary data :- Ground water 8 nos. , surface water 4 nos. were collected

Standard methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater’ published by Amercian Public Health Association (APHA)

4 Ecology Terrestrial fauna and flora and River ecology

Field survey conducted once during the study period & Secondary data

Listing of floral and faunal species.

5 Noise Noise levels in dB(A)

Continuous 24 – hourly monitoring at 9 locations once during the study period

IS: 4954 as adopted by CPCB.

6 Soil Physico-chemical Sampling at 9 locations around project site once during the study period.

BIS specifications

7 Socio –economic aspects

Socio –economic characteristics of local population

Based on data collected from the year 2011 Census Abstract.

Based on Census 2011


36

3.4 Study Area

The study area for monitoring of environmental quality includes 10 km region around the

project site. Site area covers the 10 km radial study area in Survey of India (SOI) Toposheet

Nos. E43B14, E43B15, E43C2 and E43C3. Study area location shown in Figure No. 3.1.

Details of Site and Environmental Setting in the Study Area

Environmental Setting of the Study Area: The site is located in the rural area. No other

industries are found in the region. Location features of the Study area are given in Table

No. 3.2.

Table 3.2 Environmental Setting (10 km radius)

Particulars Details

Latitude 19°30'53.75"N

Longitude 74°00'18.62"E

Site Address At post – Agastinagar, Taluka – Akole, District – Ahmednagar, Maharashtra – 422 601

No. of villages in the study area 34

Total Population 94556

Nearest Habitation Agasti Nagar–1km north

Nearest River /Water Body Pravara River 4km

Nearest IMD Observatory Nashik

Nearest Town Akole – 3km N from the site

Nearest Railway Line Shirdi– 70km

Nearest Air Port Shirdi– 70km

Approach to site by Road SH 24

Religious / Historical Place None

Archaeological monuments None

Ecological Sensitive Area/ Reserve Forest

None

Seismic Zone

III

Average altitude above mean MSL 638m above MSL


37

Particulars Details

Temperature in °C The highest temperature is usually observed during the months of April–May and lowest temperature during December/ January. Annual average is 25.2°C,

Rain fall in mm Total annual average: 1058 mm

Wind velocity This region is characterized by low to moderate wind velocities. The mean annual velocities are in the range of 4 to 6 Km/h and especially high during pre-monsoon period of June to August.


38

Figure No. 3.1 Study Area 10 km Radial


39

3.5 Climate

The climate of the district is characterized by a hot summer and general dryness during

major part of the year except during south-west monsoon season. The cold season in the

district commences from December and ends in the month of February. The period from

March to the first week of June is the hot season. It is followed by the southwest monsoon

season which lasts till the end of September; October and November constitute the post-

monsoon or the retreating south-west monsoon season.

The year in respect of Ahmednagar district may be divided into three periods as follows:-

hot weather period from March to May; rainy period from June to October; and cold

weather period from November to February.

Temperature:

The cold weather starts by about the middle of November and continues till the end of

February. December is the coldest month of the year with the mean daily maximum

temperature at 28.5°C and the mean daily minimum at 11.7°C. During the cold season the

district is sometimes affected by cold waves in association with the passage of western

disturbances across north India, causing drop of minimum temperature to 2°-3°C. From

March to the break of south-west monsoon the day temperatures increase progressively,

the nights remaining comparatively cool.

In the hot season, the sweltering heat of the afternoons is sometimes relieved by thunder-

storms. May is the hottest month of the year with the mean daily maximum temperature at

38.9°C and the mean daily minimum at 22.4°C. On individual days during the hot weather

period temperature occasionally goes up to 43°-44°C.

With the onset of southwest monsoon in the district there is an appreciable drop in

temperature and weather becomes pleasant. With the withdrawal of the monsoon by about

the first week of October day temperatures increase slightly and a secondary maximum in

day temperatures is recorded in October. However the night temperatures decrease

steadily after the withdrawal of the monsoon.


40

Humidity:

The air is generally dry during the months from February to May and particularly so in the

afternoons when the humidity is about 20% on the average. The relative humidity during

south-west monsoon period is between 60 and 80%. Thereafter they decrease rapidly.

Cloudiness:

Skies are generally heavily clouded to overcast during monsoon months. In the post-

monsoon months the cloudiness decreases. In the rest of the year the skies are clear or

lightly clouded.

Wind Speed and Wind direction

Winds are generally light to moderate with some strengthening in the south-west monsoon

season. In the south-west monsoon season winds are from directions between south-west

and north-west. In the post-monsoon season winds from the north-west and north are

common in the mornings while in the afternoons the winds blow from directions between

north and east. In the cold season winds are variable in directions, winds between north-

west and south-west being more common. In the summer season northerly to north-

westerly winds are more common, but by May westerly also begin to blow in the

afternoons.

Thunder-storms occur during the months from March to June and in September and

October. Dust-storms are very rare in the district. The district experiences cloudy to

overcast skies with wide-spread heavy rain associated with the monsoon depressions form

in Bay of Bengal and move across central parts of the country.

Rainfall

Agriculture in the district depends mainly on the rainfall from south-west monsoon. The

distribution of rainfall is most uneven. The major part of precipitation is experienced in

western portions of Akola taluka, whereas rains in southern part of the district are most

erratic. A major portion of the district lies in the zone of low rainfall ranging from 508 mm.

to 635 mm annually.


41

The district can be divided into three zones according to rainfall at taluka headquarters,

viz., the northern part comprising Kopargaon, Sangamner and Shrirampur talukas with a

rainfall of about 500mm. or less, the south-eastern part consisting of Shevgaon,

Ahmadnagar, Pathardi and Jamkhed talukas with normal rainfall of 600mm. and the third

zone comprising the remaining talukas with rainfall between 500mm and 600mm.

The rains usually start in the second week of June and last till the end of September. The

intensity of rainfall is the highest in July. Sometimes thunder-showers in March and April

are recorded. In the plain areas of the district the rains are erratic and mostly from the

north-east monsoon.

The wind rose diagram for the duration of monitoring is given in Figure 7

Figure 3.2: Wind Rose


42

3.6 Ambient Air Quality

Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) is an indication of overall state of environment of a particular

area. AAQ is an important criterion for healthy environment and its degradation causes

various long-term impacts on the human health. AAQ can be termed to be good only if it is

having proportionate concentrations of natural gases like oxygen, nitrogen etc. Toxic gases

like SO2, NOx, CO, CO2, Hydrocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons; introduced through various

polluting sources cause degradation of ambient air quality.

Ambient air quality of the study area has been assessed during study period January 2017 to

March 2017, through a network of eight ambient air quality stations within an area of 10 km

region around the project site.

Based on the established selection criteria the locations of ambient air quality monitoring

(AAQM) stations have been identified. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 , SO2 and NOX

samples were collected as 24 hourly average by drawing air at the rate of 1.0 -1.5 m3/min

through glass fibre filter paper and analyzing by the gravimetric method. Concentrations of

SO2 and NOX were analyzed by absorption & colorimetric method. Pre-calibrated fine dust

particulate samplers were used for monitoring of PM10 & PM2.5.

The air monitoring locations are shown in Figure 3.3 and Table .3.3

Table 3.0.2Ambient Air Quality Sampling Locations

Sr no Location Latitude Longitude Distance Direction

1 Project Site 19°30′55.9″N 74°00′18.1″E - -

2 Akole 19°32′26.2″N 74°00′27.3″E 3.5 N

3 Nawalewadi 19°32′09.8″N

73°59′35.5″E 6.3 NW

4 Bhojdarwadi 19°30'34"N

73°54'43"E 7.1 W


43

5 Dhamangaon Awari

19°30′17.4″N 73°59′09.6″E 3.2 SW

6 Pimpalgaon Khand

19°27'30.66"N 74°

1'23.09"E

3.3 S

7 Washere 19°30'8"N 74°1'44"E 4.9 SE

8 Manoharpur 19°31'13.38"N 74° 2'52.20"E

7.7 E

9 Sugaon BK. 19°32'15.93"N 74° 2'29.06"E

7.1 NE


44

Figure No 3.3 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Map


45

Observations

Table 3.4: Summary of AAQM Results

Location PARAMETERS

PM10

gm PM2.5

gm SO2

gm Nox gm

CO mgm

Project Site Average 69 33 21 27 1.2

Min. 62 24 17 20 0.7

Max. 77 42 27 32 1.8

98th percentile

76 42 27 32 1.8

Akole Average 67 29 15 21 1

Min. 59 22 11 15 0.5

Max. 77 38 20 28 1.7

98th percentile

76 38 20 27 1.7

Nawalewadi Average 63 31 19 24 0.9

Min. 55 25 12 17 0.6

Max. 72 41 27 30 1.2

98th percentile

72 40 27 30 1.2

Bhojdarwadi Average 60 30 15 19 0.7

Min. 55 25 11 15 0.5

Max. 67 37 20 24 0.9

98th percentile

66 37 20 24 0.9

Dhamangaon Awari

Average 59 29 15 20 0.7

Min. 52 24 11 15 0.5

Max. 67 35 20 28 0.8

98th percentile

65 35 20 27 0.8

Pimpalgaon Khand

Average 61 30 15 22 0.7

Min. 55 24 11 18 0.5

Max. 70 38 21 30 0.9

98th percentile

69 37 20 29 0.9

Washere Average 57 29 16 24 0.7

Min. 53 24 11 19 0.6

Max. 62 34 22 32 1

98th percentile

62 33 21 32 1.0

Manoharpur Average 58 30 18 25 0.7


46

Min. 54 24 12 19 0.5

Max. 65 36 22 32 0.9

98th percentile

64 36 22 31 0.9

Sugaon Bk. Average 65 32 19 24 0.8

Min. 55 25 12 19 0.6

Max. 76 40 27 32 1.1

98th percentile 74 40 26 32 1.1

Analysis of Ambient Air Quality:

Particulate matter (PM10& PM2.5): It was found that all ambient air quality parameters

are within the NAAQ standards of Central Pollution Control Board. At Project site and akole

station it was found that high values of Particulate matter as compared to other monitoring

locations due to the vehicle transportation and local activity.

SO2: SO2 emission at all monitoring location are within the NAAQ standards.

NOx: NOx emission at all monitoring location are within the NAAQ standards. At project site

it was found that higher values of NOx as compared to other monitoring.

CO: CO emissions at all monitoring location are within the NAAQ standards

The concentrations of PM10 PM2.5, SO2 NOx and CO were found within the National Ambient

Air Quality Standards (NAAQ).


47

3.7 Noise Environment

Ambient noise standards are prescribed for residential, commercial and industrial areas and silence

zone vide ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and control) Rules, 2000, notified by the MoEF&CC on

February 14, 2000 and amended thereof. The ambient noise standards have been stipulated during

day time (6 am to 9 pm) and night time (9 pm to 6 am) keeping in the view the different sensitive

and the resultant impacts at community level during these periods. The ambient noise levels were

monitored at selected villages within the study area during day and night time covering residential,

commercial/industrial and silence zones.

Background noise levels were measured at the project site and surrounding villages by a

standard- noise- level- meter for 24 hours. Equivalent noise levels during day and night,

The Noise quality monitoring Station presented in Table 3.5 and Figure 3.4 & observed

noise level is described in Table 3.6

Table . 3.5 Noise Level Monitoring Locations

Sample

Code

Location Latitude Longitude Distance Direction

N-1 Project Site 19°30′56.2″N 74°00′18.2″E - -

N-2 Akole 19°32′25.6″N 74°00′27.8″E 3.5 N

N-3 Nawalewadi 19°32'9"N 73°59'38"E 6.3 NW

N-4 Bhojdarwadi 19°30'34"N 73°54'43"E 7.1 W

N-5 Dhamangaon Awari

19°30′17.2″N 73°59′09.7″E 3.2 SW

N-6 Pimpalgaon Khand

19°27'31.42"N 74°

1'23.07"E

3.3 S

N-7 Washere 19°30′08.1″N 74°01′47.6″E 4.9 SE

N-8 Manoharpur 19°31'12.75"N 74°

2'52.55"E 7.7 E

N-9 Sugaon BK. 19°32'16.56"N 74°

2'25.11"E 7.1 NE


48

Noise level readings were recorded in Nine locations spread over, in the 10 km radius

centering the proposed unit. Noise levels were recorded by the use of a digital noise level

meter, the instrument was calibrated before and after each set of readings. The monitoring

was carried out on 24-hourly basis and the hourly Leq. Values were derived and reported.


49

Figure 3.4 Ambient Noise Monitoring Locations


50

Results:

Table No 3.6 Noise Level Monitoring Results

Sr No Location DAY Leq NIGHT Leq

N1 Project Site 73.6 67.4

N2 Akole 53.5 42.5

N3 Nawalewadi 55.8 43.7

N4 Bhojdarwadi 51.8 42.4

N5 Dhamangaon Awari 50.8 42.3

N6 Pimpalgaon Khand 51.8 43.6

N7 Washere 51.2 42.7

N8 Manoharpur 50.3 42.4

N9 Sugaon Bk. 53.4 42.8

The maximum daytime Leq as well as nighttime Leq values in village area were found to be

73.6 and 67.4 dB(A) respectively at project site. The maximum values may be attributed

towards industrial production activity and allied traffic movements


51

3.8 Water Environment

The surface and ground water quality of the project area may get affected due to various

factors. Assessment of baseline data on water environment includes

Identification of surface water sources

Identification of ground water sources

Collection of water samples from ETP (Inlet & outlet) – Existing Unit

Analyzing water samples for physio-chemical and biological parameters

Methodology

Assessment of water quality in the study area includes the water quality testing and

assessment per the Indian standard IS 10500:2012 (drinking water standard).

The surface and ground water sampling was carried out by using central pollution control

board (CPCB) guidelines. A sample container was properly cleaned and rinsed with sample

for three times before it was filled. Sample containers were labeled properly and sample

code, sampling date was clearly marked on container.

Surface water Samples were collected from well mixed section of stream about 30 cm

below the water surface using a weighted bottle.

Ground water Samples were collected from bore well & Dug well

Water samples from various locations in and around the project site within 10 km

radius were collected for assessment of the physico-chemical and bacteriological

quality.

Methodologies adopted for analysis were according to the IS methods.

The parameters thus analyzed were compared with IS 10500:2012.


52

Sampling Locations

Table 3.7 Sampling Locations of Surface and Ground water

Sample

Code

Locations Type Latitude Longitude Distance

Km

Direction

Surface Water

SW1 Mula River Up stream

River 19°31'23.40"N 73°54'51.78"E 9.20 SW

SW2 Pravara River Up stream

River 19°32'52.50"N 73°57'2.65"E 6.60 NW

SW3 Pravara River Downstream stream

River 19°31'53.93"N

74° 4'24.33"E 7.00 E

SW4 Mula River Downsream

River 19°25'56.00"N

74° 1'44.16"E 8.60 S

Ground Water

GW1 Project Site Well

water 19°30′47.9″N 74°00′28″E - -

GW2 Akole Well

water 19°32′24.8″N 74°00′27.8″E 2.50 N

GW3 Nawalewadi Bore Well 19°32'9"N

73°59'32"E 2.50 NW

GW4 Bhoijdarawadi Well

water 19°30′46.7″N 73°54′35.9″E 9.85 W

GW5 Dhamangaon Awari

Well

water 19°30'17"N

73°59'11"E 2.0 SW

GW6 Pimpalgaon Khad Bore Well 19°27'31.69"N

74° 1'22.93"E 6.20 S

GW7 Washere Well

water 19°30'7"N

74°1'48"E 2.70 SE

GW8 Manoharpur Well

water 19°31'12.23"N

74° 2'52.09"E 4.25 E

GW9 Sugaon Bore Well 19°32'16.93"N

74° 2'28.72"E 4.30 NE


53

Figure 3.5 Surface and ground water sampling location map


54

Results:

Table 3.8 Results of Surface water samples

Sr. No.

Test Parameter Unit

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

Mula River Up Stream at Damangaon Path

Pravara River Up stream at Indori (Cement area)

Pravara River Down stream Kalas

Village Mula River Down

StreamLing Deo Temple

1 pH* - 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8

2 Electrical Conductivity* µS/cm 672 305 311 366

3 Total Suspended Solids* mg/L 10 8 9 7

4 Total Dissolved Solids* mg/L 424 198 202 238

5 Ammonical Nitrogen as NH3-N* mg/L BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2]

6 Nitrates as NO3-N mg/L 8.8 2.7 2.1 1.9

7 Phosphates as PO43- mg/L 0.22 0.07 0.03 0.1

8 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (270C, 3Days)

mg/L 2.3 BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2]

9 Dissolved Oxygen* mg/L 5.8 6 5.9 6

10 Chemical Oxygen Demand* mg/L 20 69 12 12

11 Calcium as Ca* mg/L 41 27 29 37

12 Magnesium as Mg* mg/L 44 19 16 17

13 Chlorides as Cl-* mg/L 49 17 20 23

14 Sulphates as SO42- mg/L 54 24 30 28

15 Fluoride as F- mg/L 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4

18 Boron as B mg/L 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5

19 Oil & Grease mg/L BDL[DL=10] BDL[DL=10] BDL[DL=10] BDL[DL=10]

20 Total Residual Chlorine mg/L BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1]

21 Arsenic as As* mg/L BDL[DL=0.002] BDL[DL=0.002] BDL[DL=0.002] BDL[DL=0.002]

22 Cadmium as Cd* mg/L BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1]


55

23 Copper as Cu* mg/L BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5]

24 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL[DL=0.02] BDL[DL=0.02] BDL[DL=0.02] BDL[DL=0.02]

25 Lead as Pb* mg/L BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1]

26 Iron as Fe* mg/L BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5]

27 Manganese as Mn* mg/L BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1]

28 Mercury as Hg* mg/L BDL[DL=0.005] BDL[DL=0.005] BDL[DL=0.005] BDL[DL=0.005]

29 Zinc as Zn* mg/L BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1]

30 Total Coliform Bacteria MPN/100

ml 350 60 80 900

31 Fecal coliform MPN/100

ml 30 2 BDL[DL=2] 33

32 E. Coli - Present Absent Absent Present

*DL-Detection Limit BDL-Below Detection Limit


56

Table 3.9 Results of Ground water samples

Sr. No.

Test Parameter

Unit

GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 GW9

Project Site

Akole Nawalewadi Bhojdarawadi Dhamangaon Awari

Pimpalgaon Khand

Washere Manoharpur Sugaon

1 Colour Hazen BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5] BDL[DL=5]

2 Odor - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

3 Temperature 0C 27.2 27.3 26.9 27.4 26.5 26.8 27.2 27.1 26.7

4 Turbidity NTU 2 1 1.8 2.5 1.2 1.4 1 1.2 1.1

5 pH* - 7.6 7.9 7.7 7.7 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.8

6 Electrical Conductivity*

µS/cm 969 114 920 1088 940 966 830 834 157

7 Total Dissolved Solids*

mg/L 630 74 598 698 610 622 538 534 102

8 Total Hardness as CaCO3*

mg/L 391 46 399 603 453 458 374 424 67

9 Ammonical Nitrogen as NH3-N*

mg/L BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2]

10 Nitrates as NO3-

N mg/L 9.2 0.5 10.8 4.2 10.8 5.5 10.9 5.3 0.3

11 Phosphates as PO43-

mg/L 0.03 BDL[DL=0.03] 0.13 0.55 BDL[DL=0.03] 0.3 0.09 0.2 0.6

12 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (270C, 3Days)

mg/L BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] 2.8 BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] 2.8

13 Chemical Oxygen Demand*

mg/L 12 8 12 28 6 16 12 20 24

14 Dissolved Oxygen*

mg/L 6 6.1 5.9 5.7 12 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.7

15 Potassium as K mg/L 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 3 1

16 Sodium as Na mg/L 35 6 51 21 49 39 46 32 9

17 Calcium as Ca* mg/L 103 14 130 100 82 77 67 53 17

18 Magnesium as Mg*

mg/L 32 3 18 86 61 65 51 70 6

19 Carbonates (CO3-2) as CaCO3

mg/L BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1] BDL[DL=1]

20 Bicarbonates as (HCO3-) as CaCO3

mg/L 391 46 326 599 417 434 347 477 65

21 Chlorides as Cl-* mg/L 59 10 84 35 75 65 70 53 14

22 Sulphates as SO42-

mg/L 108 10 78 64 68 62 72 22 14


57

23 Fluoride as F- mg/L 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3

24 Boron as B mg/L 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3

25 Iron as Fe* mg/L BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5] BDL[DL=0.5]

26 Zinc as Zn* mg/L BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1] BDL[DL=0.1]

27 Total Coliform Bacteria

MPN/100 ml

1600 17 4 110 300 2 12 9 BDL[DL=2]

28 Fecal coliform MPN/100

ml 40 BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] 13 BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2] BDL[DL=2]

29 E. Coli - Present Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

*DL-Detection Limit BDL-Below Detection Limit


58

3.9 Soil Environment

Soil is the unconsolidated material on the earth surface that serves as a natural medium for

plant growth. It is a product of a rock weathering and pedogenesis and on human timescale

is a non-renewable natural resource.

Basically Black, Reddish and coarse grey type of soil is observed in the project area.

Methodology

Selection of the sampling stations were based on the reconnaissance survey of the

entire study area

The following standard method is used for the collection of soil samples

o Khurpi was used for sample collection.

o Sample was taken from the surface to plough depth 0-22 cm from 15 spots in

the field of uniform nature.

o Recently fertilized, old bunds, marshy spots, near trees, compost heaps and

farm sheds etc. these locations are avoided at the time of sampling.

o Each Sample collected was a uniformly thick 2cm slice of soil from the

exposed soil face V in shaped hole.

Collected soil samples were subjected to the physical and chemical analysis for

various parameters

Sampling Locations:

Soil samples were collected within the radius of 10 Km in the study area. The detailed

sampling locations and analysis results are given in Table No.3.10. & 3.11 respectively.

Map representing the sampling locations shown in Figure 3.6


59

Table 3.10 Soil Sampling Locations

Sr No.

Location Name Latitude Longitude Distance Km Direction from

project site

1 Project Site 19°30′49.4″N 74°00′22.6″E

2 Akole Village 19°32′24.2″N 74°00′27.4″E 2.50 North

3 NawaleWadi 19°32′09.6″N 73°59′32.6″E 2.50 North - West

4 Bhojdarawadi 19°30′42.7″N 73°54′38.4″E 9.70 West

5 Dhamangaon

Awari 19°30'16"N 73°59'10"E

1.90 South – west

6 Pimpalgaon

Khand 19°27'33.13"N 74° 1'23.78"E

6.20 South

7 Washere 19°30′07.6″N 74°01′49.3″E 2.85 South- East

8 Manoharpur 19°31'14.29"N 74° 2'50.31"E 4.25 East

9 Sugaon 19°32'15.28"N 74° 2'26.69"E 4.20 North –East


60

Figure 3.6 Soil Sampling location Map


61

Result & Discussion Table 3.11 Soil Quality

SR. NO.

PARAMETER Project

Site Akole

Nawale wadi

Bhojdar wadi

Dhamangao

n Awari

Pimpalgaon

Khand

Washere

Manoharpu

r

Sugaon Bk.

UNIT

1. Colour Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown --

2. pH(1:2:5 Soil: Water) 7.4 8.2 7.2 8.3 8.6 8.5 7.2 7.5 8.1 --

3. Electrical Conductivity (1:2 Soil: Water Extract)

0.467 0.102 0.461 0.50 0.392 0.723 0.675 0.106 1.94 mS/cm

4. Bulk Density 1310 1178 1260 1261 1272 1242 1308 1290 1274 kg/m3

5. Organic Matter 0.7 0.4 1.6 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.4 2.6 %

6. Total Organic Carbon 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 1.5 %

7. Moisture Content 2.3 1.5 4.6 1.3 2.4 2.0 1.2 4.7 4.5 %

8. Cation Exchange Capacity

22.8 20.4 22.0 23.3 22.5 22.7 20.6 22.6 22.9 meq/100g

9. Water Holding Capacity

41.3 60.1 64.5 47.4 51.6 55.6 52.8 59 60.9 %

10. Sodium as Na (Exchangeable)

0.022 0.011 0.018 0.004 0.012 0.005 0.024 0.022 0.010 mol/kg

11. Potassium as K (Exchangeable)

0.003 0.033 0.005 0.010 0.038 0.071 0.002 0.003 0.012 mol/kg

12. Calcium as Ca (Exchangeable)

0.407 0.319 0.251 0.638 0.211 0.299 0.271 0.503 0.483 mol/kg

13. Magnesium as Mg (Exch)

0.151 0.087 0.103 0.359 0.071 0.187 0.131 0.096 0.155 mol/kg

14. Sodium as Na (water Ext)

111 49 19 33 42 64 71 52 67 mg/kg

15. Potassium as K (water Ext)

4 18 1 13 35 12 18 56 48 mg/kg

16. Calcium as Ca (water Ext)

64 32 48 128 96 144 112 112 448 mg/kg

17. Magnesium as Mg (water Ext)

38 19 29 49 29 58 49 58 311 mg/kg

18. Available Phosphorus as P2O5

275 95 24 497 155 284 304 194 297 kg/ha

19. Available Potassium as K2O

165 226 511 510 618 181 612 824 407 kg/ha

20. Available Nitrogen as N

151 146 85 348 238 149 259 437 340 kg/ha

21. Cadmium as Cd BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

BDL[DL=2]

mg/kg

22. Chromium as Cr BDL[DL=5]

35 4 BDL[DL=5]

61 BDL[DL=5]

97 64 BDL[DL=5]

mg/kg

23. Cobalt as Co 4 8 19 2 8 8 12 11 6 mg/kg

24. Copper as Cu 2 104 63 2 46 44 59 72 48 mg/kg

25. Iron as Fe 546 31519 8412 318 21364 3575 40692 40490 266 mg/kg

26. Lead as Pb BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

BDL[DL=5]

mg/kg

27. Manganese as Mn 496 372 414 261 420 385 476 453 467 mg/kg

28. Nickel as Ni 39 28 38 25 27 14 78 57 13 mg/kg

29. Zinc as Zn 15 41 56 15 50 50 56 60 198 mg/kg

Note: Methods of sampling are adopted from soil testing manual, January 2011, APHA 21stEdition & SW-846 methods Status Table. The soil type in the study area is clay and its pH is neutral


62

All the samples having pH in range of 7.2 to 8.6

Conductivity of the samples is in between 0.102 to 1.94 mS/cm. Village Sugaon Bk

has the highest conductivity value.

The water holding capacity of a soil is a very important agronomic characteristic. All

the soil samples shows, the good water holding capacity.

Soil Organic Matter also acts the major sink and source of soil carbon. The

concentration of the organic matter in the soil is 0.2 to 1.5 %.

All the soil samples shows, the good NPK values.

Overall it is observed that the soils of the region are good for agriculture


63

3.10 Ecology and Biodiversity

Objectives

The present study was undertaken with the following objectives:

- To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around the project site

- To evaluate the distribution of animal life spectra, including avifauna and butterflies,

available in this area

- To ascertain whether the proposed project will have any adverse impact on the

ecology in and around project areas, and suggest mitigation measures, if needed

Study Area

The proposed site is located in Village Agastinagar, Tahsil Akole, and District Ahmadnagar

in Maharashtra. As per guidelines of MoEF for Environmental Impact Assessment studies,

the study area was restricted upto 10 km periphery of the project site. All observations

were undertaken in March 2017 at selected sampling locations.

Methodology

An ecological survey of the study area was conducted, as per following steps, with

reference to listing of species, assessment of the existing baseline ecological conditions and

predicting impacts with suggestive mitigation measures. The data were generated with

reference to topography, land use, vegetation pattern, animals etc.

- Primary data have been collected within the project site as well as up to 10 Km from

project site,

- Identified vegetation patterns at different locations through GIS map and physically

surveyed representative sites

- Quadrates of 10m x10m were used in the study area for vegetation survey. Checklist

of trees, shrubs, herbs etc. was recorded.


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- Different types of animals, including avifauna, available in this area, have been

recorded,

- Secondary data, pertaining to 10 Km boundary from the project site have been

collected from literature, forest department, discussions with local people and NGOs.

- Probable impact, if any, of project activity on biota and mitigation measures have been

delineated

a. Area from project site to 10 km surroundings

I. Terrestrial Ecology:

i. Flora: Based on field survey Primary data were generated by preparing a general

checklist of the plants encountered in this area. The study shows overall 53 plant

species comprising of 31 trees, 6 shrubs, 12 herbs and 2 each climbers and grasses

in following 10 forests (Table 3.12). The floristic survey reveals that the study

area shows dominance of trees, viz. Azadirachta indica, Acacia nilotica, Aegle

marmelos, Cassia fistula etc.; shrubs viz,. Lantana camara and Calatropis sp. and

herbs like Alternanthera sessilis, Argemone mexicana and Cassia tora (Table 3.13).

However, majority of the forest area is open scrub.

Table 3.12: List of Forest Blocks within 10 Km Radius Of Project Site

Sr. No. Name of forest block Type of Forest Distance (km)

from project site

1 Agasthinagar Reserved forest 0.3

2 Bahirwaride Reserved forest 7.5

3 Ambikanagar Reserved forest 7.5

4 Gardani Reserved forest 8.5

5 Kumbhipal Reserved forest 7.0

6 Khanakur Reserved forest 4.0

7 Shirasgaon Reserved forest 7.0

8 Dhamangaon Reserved forest 3.5

9 Vehare Reserved forest 2.0

10 Nirgudwadi Reserved forest 7.5


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Table 3.13: Presence Of Vegetation In Project Site And Up To 10 Km Periphery

SN Botanical name Common name Family

Trees

1 Azadirachta indica Neem Fabaceae

2 Acacia auriculiformis Australian wattle Fabaceae

3 Acacia famesiana Oeobabul Fabaceae

4 Acacia nilotica Velibabul Fabaceae

5 Actiondaphne angustifolia Pisa Lauraceae

6 Aegle marmelos Bael Rutaceae

7 Albizia odoratissima Chikunda Fabaceae

8 Albizia procera Kinhai Fabaceae

9 Bauhinia Purpurea Rakta Kanchan Fabaceae

10 Bauhinia variqata Kanchan Fabaceae

11 Butea monosperma Palas Fabaceae

12 caesalpinia pulcherrima Sankasura Fabaceae

13 Callistemon citrinus Bottle brush Arecaceae

14 Cassia fistula Garmala Fabaceae

15 Cassia pumila Yellow cassia Fabaceae

16 Cassia reqinera Pink cassia Fabaceae

17 Cassia siamea Kassod Fabaceae

18 Cocus nucifera Naral Arecaceae

19 Derris indica Karanja Fabaceae

20 Eruthrina varieqata Mandar, Pangara Fabaceae

21 Ficus virens Pipli Moraceae

22 Gardenia iasminoides Anant Rubiaceae

23 Laaerstroemia speciosa Taman Lythraceae

24 Leucaena leucocephala Subabul Fabaceae

25 Mimusops elengi Bakuli Sapotaceae

26 Peltophorum pterocarpum Copper pod tree Caesalpiniaceae

27 Pithecellobium dulce Vilayati chinch Fabaceae

28 Psidium auauava Peru Myrtaceae

29 Samanea saman Rain tree Fabaceae

30 Saraca asoka Asoka Caesalpiniaceae

31 Tamarindus indica Chinch Fabaceae

Shrubs

1 Acacia pennata Climbing wattle Fabcaeae 2 Calatropis sp Rue Asclepiadaceae

3 Hibiscus sp Jasvand Malvaceae

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutaceae


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4 Lantana camara Ghaneri Verbenaceae

5 Woodfordia fruticosa Dayati Lythraceae

6 Ricinus communis Castor plant Euphorbiaceae

Herbs

1 Argemone mexicana Pivla-dhotra Papavaraceae

2 Ageratum conyzoides Billygoat weed Asteraceae

3 Alternanthera sessilis Kanchari Amaranthaceae

4 Cassia tora Corata Acanthaceae

5 Cassia uniflora Rangas Fabcaeae

6 Lavandula bipinnata Kangani Solanaceae

7 Rungia repens Ghati-pitpapra Acanthaceae

8 Sida acuta Common Wireweed Malvaceae

9 Synedrella nodiflora Pig grass Asteraceae

10 Sida cordifolia flannel weed Malvaceae

11 Solanum sp Ranvang Solanaceae

12 Tridax procumbens Ekdandi Asteraceae

Climbers

1 Asperagus racemosus Shatavari Asparagaceae

2 Abrus precatorius Gunj Fabaceae

Grasses

1 Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass Poaceae

2 Eleusine indica Indian crowfoot Poaceae

Source: Primary data generated by Ultra-Tech team and secondary data acquired from

Forest Dept., Project Proponent and local people

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lythraceae

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvaceae

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvaceae


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ii. Fauna:

Methodology: Field observations of fauna were carried out in the study area. The

commonly available mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, butterflies, dragonflies and

damselflies within 10km surroundings were enumerated.

Observation:

Mammals: The survey revealed that there were 9 species of mammals in the study

area. Availability of fauna in the vicinity of the sites is presented in Table 3.14. None

of these animals are endangered (Schedule I) as per Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972.

Avifauna: Birds were studied by direct observation with the help of ‘‘Olympus 10 x 50

DPS I’’ binocular and were identified by adopting available literature (Grimmett et al.

1998). During the survey, 20 species of birds were noticed. The dominant birds were

Indian myna, house crow, blue rock pigeon etc. It has been observed that the majority

of birds were insectivorous in habit preferring insects, worms and arachnids. None of

these birds are endangered (Schedule I) as per Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972.

Butterflies: Study area comprised of 13 species of butterflies, dominated by Eurema

hecabe, Euploea core, Papilio demoleus and Danaus chrysippus. Butterfly diversity and

community composition are dependent on plants, as their caterpillars are highly

specific to host plants, on which they feed and metamorphose into the adults. Fairly

good butterfly diversity in this area is conspicuous due to presence of wide varieties

of flowering trees. Therefore, richness of host plant diversity contributes to butterfly

diversity. None of these is endangered (Schedule I) as per Wildlife (Protection) Act

1972.

Dragonflies & Damselflies: Four species of dragonflies and damselflies were

recorded. Species like Trithemis aurora and Ictinogomphus rapax were commonly

seen throughout the project area. Damselflies like Ischnura senegalensis and Ischnura

aurora were recorded in the periphery of the project site.


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Table 3.14: Fauna Recorded in the Study Area

SN Common Name Scientific Name Conservation status as per

Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972

Mammals

1 Common cat Felis silvestris catus Not enlisted

2 Common dog Canis lupus familiaris Not enlisted

3 Cow Bos taurus Not enlisted

4 Domestic buffalo Bubalus bubalis Not enlisted

5 Goat Capra hircus aegagrus Not enlisted

6 Squirrel Funambulus palmarum Sch-IV

7 Black-naped hare Lepus nigricollis Not enlisted

8 Wolf Canis lupus Not enlisted

9 Indian grey mongoose Herpestes edwardsii Sch - II

Avifauna

1 Black kite Milvus migrans Sch – IV

2 Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Sch – IV

3 Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis Sch – IV

4 Common swallow Hirunds rustica Sch – IV

5 Crow pheasant Centropus sinensis Sch – IV

6 House crow Corvus splendens Sch – IV

7 House sparrow Passer domesticus Sch – IV

8 Indian black drongo Dicrurus adsimilis Sch – IV

9 Indian myna Acridotheres tristis Sch – IV

10 Koel Eudynamys scolopacea Sch – IV

11 Magpie robin Copsychus saularis Sch – IV

12 Purple sunbird Nactarinia asiatica Sch – IV

13 Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus Sch – IV

14 Redvented bulbul Pycronotus cafer Sch – IV

15 Small blue kingfisher Alcedo atthis Sch – IV

Reptiles

1 Common garden lizard Calotes versicolor Not enlisted

2 House gecko Hemidactylus brooki Not enlisted

3 Rock lizard Psmmophilus blanfordanus Not enlisted

Amphibians


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Source: Primary data generated by Ultra-Tech team and secondary data acquired from Forest Dept., and local people

II. Aquatic

i. Phytoplankton: Phytoplankton enumeration from two water bodies showed

counts varying between 112 and 235No/ml (Table 3.15 ), dominated by

Cyanophyceae followed by Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Chrysophyceae

members (Table 3.16). Altogether 25 genera of Phytoplankton were observed in

two locations. Density was more in Mula River as compared to Pravera River. The

Shannon Wiener index for phytoplankton varied from 1.2 to 1.8, indicating

medium productive water.

1 Common Indian toad Bufo melanostictus Not enlisted

2 Common tree frog Polypedates leucomystax Not enlisted

3 Indian bullfrog Rana tigrina Not enlisted

Butterflies

1 Blue mormon Papilio polymnestor Not enlisted

2 Blue pansy Junonia orithya Not enlisted

3 Blue tiger Tirumala limniace Not enlisted

4 Chocolate pansy Junonia iphita Not enlisted

5 Ciliate blue Anthene emolus Not enlisted

6 Common evening brown Melanitis leda Not enlisted

7 Common grass yellow Eurema hecabe Not enlisted

8 Common Indian crow Euploea core Sch – IV

9 Common leopard Phalanta phalantha Not enlisted

10 Common mormon Papilio polytes Not enlisted

11 Gray pansy Junonia atlites Not enlisted

12 Lime butterfly Papilio demoleus Not enlisted

13 Plain tiger Danaus chrysippus Not enlisted

Dragonflies and Damselflies

1 Crimson marsh glider Trithemis aurora Not enlisted

2 Common clubtail Ictinogomphus rapax Not enlisted

3 Golden dartlet Ischnura aurora Not enlisted

4 Senegal golden dartlet Ischnura senegalensis Not enlisted

http://www.afcd.gov.hk/english/conservation/hkbiodiversity/database/popup_record.asp?id=766&lang=tc


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Table 3.15: Enumeration Of Phytoplankton In Mula & Pravara Rivers

Sr.

No. River Location

Count

(No/ml)

%Composition of Algal Groups

SWI Chloro-

phyceae

Bacillario-

phyceae

Cyano-

phyceae

Chryso-

phyceae

1. Mula

River

East side 235 24 20 43 13 1.8

West side 188 30 22 38 10 1.7

2. Pravera

River

East side 145 36 18 38 8 1.6

West side 112 40 10 50 - 1.2

Ranges of Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (SWI) <1: Indicate poor productive water 1-3 Indicate medium productive water >3 Indicate good productive water

Table 3.16:Phytoplankton Genera Observed In Mula & Pravara Rivers

Sr. No. Chlorophyceae Bacillariophyceae Cyanophyceae Chrysophyceae

1. Ankistrodesmus sp. Cocconeis sp. Aphanocapsa sp. Chrysococcus sp.

2. Chlamydomonas sp. Cyclotella sp Chroococcus sp. Mallomonas sp.

3. Chlorella sp Diatoma sp. Microcystis sp -

4. Cosmarium sp. Dicanthos sp. Oscillatoria sp. -

5. Chlorococcum sp. Navicula sp. Phormidium sp. -

6. Closterium sp. Surirella sp. Lyngbyasp. -

7. Eudorina sp. Synedra sp. - -

8. Pediastrum sp. - - -

9. Scendesmus sp. - - -

ii. Zooplankton: Zooplankton counts, recorded at different sampling stations, are

presented in Table 3.17. Density of zooplankton at Mula and Pravera Rivers

varied between 402 and 792N/m3. Only 6 genera of zooplankton, dominated by

Diaptomus sp., Mesocyclops sp and Brachionus sp, were recorded. Copepoda, being

most dominant, followed by Rotifera in both the rivers, indicates fairly clean water

quality (Table 3.17). Further, SWI indicates semi productive waters. This might

be attributed to rain fall resulting in increased turbidity of the surface waters.


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Table 3.17: Zooplankton Counts In Mula River & Pravara River

Sr. No. River Location Count

(No/ml)

% Composition of Algal Groups SWI

Rotifera Copepoda Cladocera

1. Mula

River

East side 498 38 56 6 1.1

West side 792 42 54 4 1.3

2. Pravera

River

East side 616 40 52 8 1.2

West side 402 46 40 14 0.98

Ranges of Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (SWI) <1: Indicate poor productive water 1-3 Indicate medium productive water >3 Indicate good productive water

Table 3.18: Zooplankton Genera in Mula And Pravara River

Sr. No. Rotifera Copepoda Cladocera

1. Asplanchna sp. Diaptomus sp Alonella sp.

2. Brachionus sp. Mesocyclops sp. Bosmina sp.

III. Wetland Ecology: Within the study area, there are rivers like Mula (about 8 km) and

Pravara (about 2.8km). The available information pertaining to plankton, as published

elsewhere, is reported in Table 3.19

Table 0.3: Common Genera Of Phytoplankton And Zooplankton Recorded In Mula And Pravara Rivers

Sr.No. Phytoplankton Zooplankton

1 Oscillatoria sp. Asplanchna brightwellii

2 Navicula sp. Asplanchnopus multiceps

3 Euglena sp. Beauchampiella eudactylota

4 Scenedesmus sp. Brachionus angularis

5 Nitzschia sp. Brachionus calyciflorus

6 Phacus sp. Brachionus caudatus

7 Fragillaria sp. Brachionus falcatus

8 Pediastrum sp. Brachionus quadridentatus

9 Cymbella sp. Brachionus rubens

10 Closterium sp. Cephalodella vittata

11 Synedra sp. Epiphanes brachionus


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12 Gomphonema sp. Filinia longiseta

13 Stigeoclonium sp. Filinia terminalis

14 Chlamydomonas sp. Lacinularia elliptica

15 Anabena sp. Plationus patulus

16 Melosira sp. Platyias quadricornis

17 Lyngbya sp. Polyarthra vulgaris -

18 Pinnularia sp. Testudinella sp

19 Spirulina sp. Ceriodaphnia cornuta

20 Pandorina sp. Ilyocryptus spinifer

21 Ankistrodesmus sp. Karualona sp.

Source: (1) Vanjare A. I., Padhye S. M. and Pai K., (2010) Zooplankton from a polluted river, Mula (India), with record of Brachionus rubens epizoic on Moina macrocopa Opusc., Zool. Budapest, 41(1): 89–92; (2) Kshirsagar A.D., Ahire M.L. and Gunale V.R. (2012) Phytoplankton diversity related to pollution from Mula River at Pune city. Terrestrial and aquatic Environ. Toxicol. , 6(2):136-142

IV. Fish Fauna:

Extensive survey was undertaken by Wagh and Ghate (2002) and Chandanshive et al

(2004), regarding fresh water fish fauna of Mula and Pravara Rivers. The common list of

fishes observed in both the rivers is presented in Table 3.20

Table 3.20: List Of Fishes Recorded in Mula And Pravara Rivers Sr. No. Mula river Pravara river

1. Acanthocobitis moreh Anabus testudineus

2. Amblypharyngodon mola Chela bacaila

3. Aorichthys seenghala Chela Phula

4. Barilius bendelisis Catla catla

5. Catla catla Cirrhinus mrigala

6. Cirrhinus fulungee Cirrhinus reba

7. Cirrhinus mrigala Channa marulius

8. Cirrhinus reba Channa striatus

9. Crossocheiluslatius latius Danio aequipinnatus

10. Cyprinus carpio Danio devario

11. Danio aequipinnatus Garra gotyla

12. Danio devario Labeo calbasu

13. Garra mullya Labeo rohita


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14. Gonoproktopterus kolus Lepidocephalus guntea

15. Gonoproktopterus thomassi Mystus bleekeri

16. Heteropneustes fossilis Mystus cavasius

17. Labeo ariza Mystus tengara

18. Labeo boggut Mastacembelus armatus

19. Labeo calbasu Mastacembelus pancalus

20. Labeo rohita Puntius chola

21. Lepidocephalus guntea Puntius jerdoni

22. Mystus bleekeri Puntius ticto

23. Mystus cavasius Rasbora daniconius

24. Nemacheilus anguilla Rohtee ogilbii

25. Nemachilichthys ruppelli Thynnichthys sandkhol

26. Notopterus notopterus pallas Xenentodon cancila

27. Parapsilorhynchus tentaculatus -

28. Puntius chola -

29. Puntius jerdoni -

30. Puntius ticto -

31. Rasbora daniconius -

32. Rita pavimentatus -

33. Rohtee ogilbii -

34. Salmostoma boopis -

Source: Chandanshive et al. (2007), Zoos Print Journal 22(5):2693-2694; Shinde, S. E. et al. (2009), World J. Zoology 4 (3):176-179.


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3.11 Land Use and Land Cover

Remote Sensing data is a classic source of information on natural resources for a region and

provides a record of the continuum of resource status because of its repetitive coverage.

Remote Sensing is a powerful and accurate means of collecting data. The study of satellite

imagery gives an excellent opportunity to monitor the quantitative extent of vegetation cover

as well as qualitative changes due to changes in environment. This aspect is very significant in

understanding the dynamics of the earth surface features and phenomenon such as various

ecosystems. The present study has been divided into three steps:

Creation of input database. Analysis. Preparation of final output.

3.11.1 Data

Toposheet:

Topographical sheet (SOI) scale 1:50,000 No., 47 E/14, 47 E/15, 47 I/2 and 47 I/3 were studied

for spatial features, ground control points, latitude, longitude and geo-registration of the satellite

imageries.

Satellite image

The Satellite data or Satellite Image downloaded from U.S. Geological Survey web site USGS

Earth Explorer (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) into the system and a land-use map was

prepared. The first step involved was the preparation of standard FCC (using Landsat ETM 8

band 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8) and done supervised classified LULC Map of the study area, which

was followed by the ground truthing of the image and identification of Ground Control Points

(GCP) for the geo-registration of the images.

The Satellite image used for this study details as follow:

LANDSAT_SCENE_ID "LC81470462017119LGN00"

SPACECRAFT_ID "LANDSAT_8"

WRS_PATH 147

WRS_ROW 46

DATE_ACQUIRED 2017-04-29

https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/


75

Figure 3.7 Satellite Image


76

Figure 3.8 Classification of Land use and Land cover

76

3.11.2 Land-use classification:

A hybrid Level-2 land use classification has been done using supervised classification

method. The bands 5, 4, 3 were found to be most appropriate. Finally 7 classes were derived

and the image was classified. The classified land use pattern is given in Table 3.21 and

represented in Figure no. 3.8. The False Color Composite of the area is presented in Figure

no.3.7.

Table 3.21: Classification of Land Use/ Land Cover

Land-use Pattern

Classes Area in Sq.Km. Area in %

Open Land 34.9 11.1

Hilly Area 106.5 33.9

Waterbody 1.3 0.4

Builtup Land 15.5 4.9

Agriculture 136.3 43.4

Forest Patches 5.3 1.7

Fallow Land 14.5 4.6

Total Area 314.2 100.0


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Built up Land:

It is defined as an area of human habitat developed due to non-agriculture use. The built-up

land in 10 km radius from project site comprises of villages, towns, panchayat and revenue

villages that include buildings, Industries, factories, transport, communications, utilities in

association with water and vegetation. Out of total area, 15.5 sq. Km area comes under

builtup land class. This is 4.9 % of total area.

Vegetation and Agriculture:

The vegetation class use is a function of land productivity and land utilization practices over

a period of time. It is an area within the notified forest boundary bearing an association of

predominantly of trees and other vegetation types capable of producing timber and other

forest produces. These lands are generally occupying the topographically high regions and

along to river. This land use/land cover class (Agriculture Vegetation, forest vegetation area)

in the study area coved 136.3 sq. km. area under Agriculture and 5.3 sq. Km. area under

forest Vegetation class. This is total 45 % out of area.

Water Bodies:

This category comprises areas with surface water, either impounded in the form of ponds,

lakes, Ocean and reservoirs or flowing as streams, rivers, canals etc. These are seen clearly

on the satellite image in blue to dark blue or cyan color depending on the depth of water.

These areas were identified and mapped as water bodies; this unit is spatially distributed in

1.3 sq. km area. Pravara River has passing through study area.

Fallow Land, Barren Land and Open Land area:

Open land described as degraded land which can be brought under vegetative cover with

reasonable effort and which is currently under-utilized and land which is deteriorating due to

lack of appropriate water and soil management or on account of natural causes. Wastelands

can result from inherent/imposed constraints such as, by location, environment, chemical and

physical properties of the soil or financial or management constraints. Within study area most

of area comes under Open Land class which is 34.9 sq. km. (11.1 %) out of area.

Fallow land is a piece of land that is normally used for farming but that is left with no crops

on it for a season in order to let it recover its fertility is an example of land that would be

described as fallow. Out of total area 514.5 sq. km area found under this class. This is 4.6 %

of total area. 1.6.5 Sq. Km area found under hill area or barren land.

3.12 Socio Economic Environment


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3.12.1 Objectives

Socio-economic has been recognized as, a component of environment. It focuses

primarily on the social and economic effects that are likely to occur as a result of the

construction, operation of the proposed development. It includes various factors, viz.

demographic structure, availability of basic amenities such as housing, education, health

and medical services, occupation, water supply, sanitation, communication and power

supply, prevailing diseases in the region as well as features such as places of tourist

attraction and monuments of archaeological importance. The study of these parameters

helps in identifying predicting and evaluating the likely impacts due to project activity

in the surrounding region. Any developmental activity exerts direct, indirect, positive

and negative impacts on the socio-economic environment of the region.

The objective of the study mostly based on the TOR (terms of reference)

General objectives of Social Impact Assessment study as follows:-

To identify and assess potential social impacts of the project.

To identify all potential significant adverse social impacts of the Project and

recommend measures for mitigation

To verify compliance with the environmental regulations and industry’s

standards

To recommend cost effective measures to be implemented to mitigate the

expected impact.

Prepare socio economic report to contribute in EIA reports

To provide guidelines to stakeholders participating in the mitigation of adverse

social impacts of the project.

Management and detailing findings and suggest recommendations

Community consultation at planning and execution stage

The study area for socio economic assessment defined as an area within 500 m. radius

for primary and for secondary data 10 km around the proposed project site as per the

statutory requirement of the Ministry of Environment & Forest. (17th EAC meeting

dated 28th December, 2016) Designation of impact zone is based on the EIA guidance

manual. Primary data and secondary data is use for socio economic study.


79

3.12.2 Data Collection

Data collection is a term used to describe a process of preparing and collecting data.

Systematic gathering of data for a particular project from various sources, that has been

systematically observed, recorded, organized. Data are the basic inputs to any decision

making process in project

Primary Data Collection

The data collected from the field under the control and supervision of an investigator.

This type of data is generally afresh and collected for the first time. It is useful for

current studies as well as for future studies. While collecting primary data collection in

study area following methods are uses.

1. Observation Method

2. Focus group discussion (FGD)

3. Surveys and questionnaires

Secondary Data Collection

Secondary data is ‘Data gathered and recorded by someone else prior to and for a

purpose other than the current project.’ Secondary data are collected from different

offices like Census offices (India Census 2011), Statistical department, Health offices,

Land and Revenue department, Zilla Parishad and Non-Governmental organizations.

3.12.3 Concept & Definitions

Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the

sum total of core area and buffer area with a distance of 10 Kilometres from the

periphery of the core area. The study area includes all the land marks both

natural and manmade, falling therein.

QoL: The Quality of Life (QoL) refers to degree to which a person enjoys the

important possibilities of his/her life. The ‘Possibilities’ result from the

opportunities and limitations, each person has in his/her life and reflect the

interaction of personal and environmental factors. Enjoyment has two


80

components: the experience of satisfaction and the possession or achievement of

some characteristic.

Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals

from a common kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household

may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or

unrelated persons live in a house but do not take their meals from the common

kitchen, then they are not part of a common household. Each such person is

treated as a separate household. There may be one-member households, two

member households or multi-member households.

Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a given population. It is

expressed as 'number of females per 1000 males'.

Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with

understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a

person to have received any formal education or passed any minimum

educational standard for being treated as literate. People who are blind but can

read in Braille are also treated as literates.

Literacy Rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of

literates to the total population aged 7 years and above.

Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and

unemployed in a geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total

of persons employed and unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a

person not employed but actively seeking work. Normally, the labour force of a

country consists of everyone of working age (around 14 to 16 years) and below

retirement (around 65 years) that are participating workers, that is people

actively employed or seeking employment. People not counted under labour

force are students, retired persons, stay-at home people, people in prisons,

permanently disabled persons and discouraged workers.

Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity

with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be

physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also

includes effective supervision and direction of work. The work may be part time,

full time, or unpaid work in a farm, family enterprise or in any other economic

activity.


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Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are

engaged in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption

are also treated as workers.

Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the

reference period (i.e. 6 months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main

Workers.

Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the

reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers

Work participation rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the

labour force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same

age range). In the present study the work participation rate is defined as the

percentage of total workers (main and marginal) to total population.

3.12.4 Project Details

The project site is located at Post Agastinagar, Tehsil Akole, Dist. Ahmednagar,

Maharashtra. 19°30'50.82"N Latitude and 74° 0'23.67"E Longitude. The site is located at

rural surroundings and is about 72.4 km from Railway Station (Shirdi) and 3.0km from

Akole (tehsil place), 4.0 km from river Pravara (flowing from North of site).

Project Location


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Akole is a city and Taluka place in Akole tehsil, Ahmednagar district in the state of

Maharashtra, India. Akole is surrounded by the Sahyadri Mountains of Western Ghats,

India. Several historical sites in the city honor Akole's connection to the history and

culture of Maharashtra.

There so many small and big villages present in the study area. In which Akole,

Dhamngaon, Kalas, Virgaon Mehenduri, Pimplagaon Khand etc. are the big villages in

study area.

Project Site

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Figure 3.9 ; Villages within 10 Km Radius Area from Project Site.

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3.12.5 Seconadry Data: Census 2011

Table 3.22 : List of Villages within 10 Km. Radius Area from Project Site

Sr. No. Name of Area Number of Households

1 Vithe 321

2 Virgaon 766

3 Tambhol 400

4 Unchkhadak Bk. 191

5 Mehenduri 360

6 Rumbhodi 679

7 Induri 448

8 Unchkhadak Kh. 305

9 Khanapur 215

10 Kumbhefal 462

11 Kalas Kh. 348

12 Kalas Bk. 817

13 Sugaon Bk. 531

14 Parakhatpur 244

15 Akola 3861

16 Aurangpur 205

17 Ambad 529

18 Dhamangaon-awari 877

19 Vashere 294

20 Padalane 396

21 Dhamangaon Pat 588

22 Mogras 267

23 Pangari 495

24 Pimpalgaon Khand 202

25 Lingdev 566

26 Kotul 1553

27 Wadgaon Landaga 882

28 Pimpalgaon Konzira 431

29 Nimgaon Kh. 332

30 Namgaon Bk 669

31 Pemgiri 724

32 Sawarchol 125

33 Shirasgaon 126

34 Waghapur 254

Total 34 villages are comes under 10 km radius area. The detailed information of above

villages is presented in the given various tables and graphs.


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Male & Female Population Table 0.4.23: Distribution of Male and Female Population

Sr. No. Name of Area Total Population

Males Females

1 Vithe 761 739

2 Virgaon 1802 1743

3 Tambhol 977 954

4 Unchkhadak Bk. 475 430

5 Mehenduri 879 826

6 Rumbhodi 1665 1590

7 Induri 1022 1032

8 Unchkhadak Kh. 751 757

9 Khanapur 697 502

10 Kumbhefal 1137 1110

11 Kalas Kh. 966 957

12 Kalas Bk. 2109 2023

13 Sugaon Bk. 1143 1214

14 Parakhatpur 591 567

15 Akola 9381 8897

16 Aurangpur 510 494

17 Ambad 1352 1238

18 Dhamangaon-awari 2110 1967

19 Vashere 756 731

20 Padalane 942 943

21 Dhamangaon Pat 1466 1402

22 Mogras 639 630

23 Pangari 1119 1142

24 Pimpalgaon Khand 502 499

25 Lingdev 1390 1247

26 Kotul 4065 3852

27 Wadgaon Landaga 2354 2240

28 Pimpalgaon Konzira 1084 1012

29 Nimgaon Kh. 789 769

30 Namgaon Bk 1698 1603

31 Pemgiri 1889 1754

32 Sawarchol 332 286

33 Shirasgaon 325 295

34 Waghapur 753 680

Source: Census 2011


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Male-Female Population Distribution Chart

According to recent censes (2011) while dealing study area (10 Km radius from project

site) the total population is 94556 in 19463 total households. Mail population is 48431

and female population is 46125. Highest population in study area is Akola city (18278).

Male - Female Ratio is: 1000 Male: 952 Female

Population Density in study area is: 3.1 per Sq. Km. (Population Density =

Number of People/Land (study) Area)

Religion:

Majority of Population study area is Hindu religion followers. Nearly 70% of total

population is Hindus. Muslims, Buddhist, Jains, Christian and others forms the rest

proportion of population in the area. People of different religion worship their religious

beliefs in Churches, Masjids, Gurudwaras, Jain temples and other religious places that is

located in the city. Marathi is the most widely spoken language in study area.

Gangadhareshwar Temple, Siddheshwar Temple, Saptashrungi Devi Temple Akole,

Shree Ganesh Temple, Hanuman temple, Shivshankar Temple, Mahalaxmi Temple, Shani

Temple, Shri Gajanan Maharaj Temple, Kandoba Madir, Jagdamba Mandir, Vitthal

rukmini mandir, Agasti Mandir and many temples are part of cultural heritage of study

area.


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FReligious Places in study area

SC and ST Population: Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 5.7% while Schedule Tribe (ST) were 18.3% of total population in study area.

Table 3.24: SC and ST Population Distribution

Sr. No. Name of Area SC Population ST Population

Males Females Males Females

1 Vithe 3 1 434 404

2 Virgaon 74 62 436 441

3 Tambhol 51 63 223 235

4 Unchkhadak Bk. 29 29 73 70

5 Mehenduri 102 86 141 123

6 Rumbhodi 91 101 352 319

7 Induri 41 46 83 74

8 Unchkhadak Kh. 47 48 253 293

9 Khanapur 13 7 411 270

10 Kumbhefal 31 32 43 54

11 Kalas Kh. 5 7 653 660

12 Kalas Bk. 141 133 312 311

13 Sugaon Bk. 46 59 148 138

14 Parakhatpur 0 0 28 30

15 Akola 742 754 750 753

16 Aurangpur 26 31 21 20

17 Ambad 45 42 219 206

18 Dhamangaon- 4 9 658 630


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Sr. No. Name of Area SC Population ST Population


awari

19 Vashere 27 29 33 36

20 Padalane 47 47 611 621

21 Dhamangaon Pat 74 74 172 163

22 Mogras 37 54 99 88

23 Pangari 27 28 661 682

24 Pimpalgaon Khand 87 94 144 149

25 Lingdev 88 92 84 49

26 Kotul 356 305 767 635

27 Wadgaon Landaga 58 50 219 238

28 Pimpalgaon Konzira 55 57 36 39

29 Nimgaon Kh. 55 54 31 28

30 Namgaon Bk 112 107 87 53

31 Pemgiri 66 62 231 209

32 Sawarchol 5 6 88 82

33 Shirasgaon 0 0 325 295

34 Waghapur 113 98 24 12

SC and ST Population Distribution

Educational status:

Akole Taluka is known as remote, hilly and tribal (Adivasi) taluka. In this area with the

intention of education progress, Hind Seva Mandal has founded first Secondary High

School on 1st March, 1951 on bank of Pravara River. Modern High School, Akole is


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located in Akole It is operated by Hind Seva Mandal, Ahmednagar (HSM), is the first high

school in Akole village. It is also known as Modern High School, Jr. College of Arts,

Commerce and Bhaskarao Kadam (Guruji) Science, Akole. Dnyanwardhini Prathamik

Shala, Modern Jr. College is the faculties for primary education & higher secondary

education respectively.

Modern High School and Jr. College, Marutirao Kote Abhinav Public School, Agasti

Vidyalaya, ZP School, Dyanwardhini Primary School, ZP Primary School Nawalewadi,

Primari School, Dhumalwadi, Perfect English Medium School (CBEC Pattern), Kanya

Vidya Mandir, Z P Marathi School Boys, Amrutvahini Model School, Z.P.P.School

Unchakhadak kd., Dhruv Global School, ZP School savarchol.

Table 3.25 : Literates and Illiterate Population Distribution

Sr. No.

Name of Area

Literate Population

Illiterate Population


1 Vithe 566 388 195 351

2 Virgaon 1382 1077 420 666

3 Tambhol 693 545 284 409

4 Unchkhadak Bk. 373 272 102 158

5 Mehenduri 691 526 188 300

6 Rumbhodi 1235 994 430 596

7 Induri 829 740 193 292

8 Unchkhadak Kh. 541 417 210 340

9 Khanapur 530 268 167 234

10 Kumbhefal 900 718 237 392

11 Kalas Kh. 651 483 315 474

12 Kalas Bk. 1629 1317 480 706

13 Sugaon Bk. 898 819 245 395

14 Parakhatpur 490 389 101 178

15 Akola 7441 6437 1940 2460

16 Aurangpur 403 321 107 173

17 Ambad 1002 743 350 495

18 Dhamangaon-awari 1496 1124 614 843

19 Vashere 591 461 165 270

20 Padalane 646 489 296 454

21 Dhamangaon Pat 1081 857 385 545

22 Mogras 480 371 159 259

23 Pangari 778 581 341 561

24 Pimpalgaon Khand 370 282 132 217

25 Lingdev 1091 754 299 493

26 Kotul 3202 2643 863 1209

27 Wadgaon Landaga 1843 1482 511 758


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Sr. No.

Name of Area

Literate Population

Illiterate Population


28 Pimpalgaon Konzira

860 694 224 318

29 Nimgaon Kh. 610 516 179 253

30 Namgaon Bk 1346 1053 352 550

31 Pemgiri 1395 984 494 770

32 Sawarchol 240 143 92 143

33 Shirasgaon 252 159 73 136

34 Waghapur 605 473 148 207

Graph showing Literates and Illiterate Population On an average 70.5 % population is literate while 29.5 % of the population is reported to be illiterate in study are.

Modern High School and Jr. College

Economy


91

While dealing study area 10 km radius from project site as per Census of India 2011

within study area total working population is 51.5 % and non-working population is

48.5 % out of working population almost 93.4 % peoples are in main working

population category. And 6.6% Population is in marginal population category.

Non-working population is study area is 45867 which are 48.5 % out of total population

in study area. This category includes below 15 years age population and not willing to

any work is considered. Also after Retirement age population also include in this

category.

Working and Non-Working Population

Health Care Facilities

While dealing with 10 km radius from project site there is hospitals and clinic available

in akola city. Sarvadnya Hospital, Shree Hospital, Bule Hospital, Sarvadnya Hospital Dr

Ravindra Gorde, Samarth Hospital, Landge Hospital, Dr. Sabale Orthocare Hospital ,

Akole, Dere Hospital, Dhumal Hospital, Government Hospital, Dr. Daware Hospital,

Yashoda Clinic and Hospital, Dr.Bhandkoli speciallity Hospital Akole, Agastya Hospital.

Infrastructure, Transport and Communication Project site is well connecting to Pune – Nashik Highway through Akole road. Shirdi

railway station is 72 km from project site. Road connectivity is excellent, roads

connecting to Akola, Rajur, Sangamner, Ahmednagar, Nashik and Mumbai.


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Transportation Accessibility

3.12.5 Primary Survey:

Survey was undertaken in the project site and study area. The main objective of the

survey was to visit the project site and collect the socio-economic data from the study

area and observe the basic infrastructure available. A keen observation of the quality of

life of the study area was also carried out.

The project site visit, observations, and ‘questionnaire survey’ has been used ‘data

collection methods’ for collecting data about people and processes as part of qualitative

research. Special care was taken to observe prevailing socio-economic condition in the

sample area and also assess awareness opinion and reaction of the inhabitants about

the project.

The objective of conducting socio economic study is to obtain the

Existing conditions of the project surrounding area.

Prevailing socio-economic condition of the project surrounding area.

Awareness, opinion and aspirations of the peoples, about development of

project.

Methodology

The present study was carried out with the help of both primary and secondary sources.

The primary sources included socio economic data collected from a sample of

population residing in the study area through a well-structured and pre-tested

questionnaire. The secondary sources included the existing literature comprising of


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reports and studies on the existing area. In the socio-economic survey, besides age, sex

and education, issues related to livelihood, basic amenities and post project scenario etc.

were discussed with the peoples where focus of the discussion was on the existing

facilities and their aspirations regarding the development of project.

Conducting Socio Economic Survey and Site Visit

The interviews conducted through structured questionnaires have derived quantitative

data, but has also extended discussion with sample respondents in order to supplement

the structured findings of the questionnaires with qualitative information as well.

Hence, the data collection exercise has been quantitative as well as qualitative in nature.

The structured questionnaire covered 5 key areas:

a. Socio-demographic characteristics

b. Basic amenities status

c. Livelihood status

d. Issues regarding basic living environment

e. Perception & opinion on the peoples.

The target respondents were either head of the household or a member of the

household residing in the study area.

The recorded data is analysed using statistical methods to draw the out the findings and

conclusion.

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Socio Economic Survey Questionnaire:


95


96

Findings and Conclusion:

Questions were asked to respondents to seek their opinions, perceptions and aspirations

regarding the proposed redevelopment project. Opinions are important vehicle through

which one could understand the existing mental attitude of people in general and groups,

and community in particular.

Concerning the sex structure of the respondents, 60 percent of the respondents

were males while 40 percent were females. This finding is in line with the trend of

the sex structure of household heads in India, whereby males dominate.

The average household size was found to be 4 members.

Education is one of the keys to success and development and as such, people pay

much attention to their educational status. Most of the sample respondents

interviewed had some kind of formal education. Nearly three fourth of the

respondents had attained education till graduation also Post Graduation, whereas

10 present of the respondents have completed SSC/HSC. 5 percent of the

respondents have education till primary (Class 1-5) as the formal education.

Questions were asked about the number of earning members in the family their type

of income and their respective jobs. Most of the respondents are working in Agasti

Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana. Also some peoples having self-employed occupation like

Motor garage, small shops, fruit and vegetables seller. Out of the working

respondents, 5 percent peoples are working in government jobs like Primary and

secondary Teacher, Irrigation Engineer, etc.

House constitutes the most vital aspect of the basic needs of man and basic

amenities form an integral part of the housing facility. Basic amenities are measured

through the availability of drinking water facility, toilet, drainage, garbage disposal,

electricity, cooking fuel etc. most of respondent using LPG Gas for cooking fuel.

Availability of toilet is an important indicator of the sanitation. Toilet is one of the

most serious and common problems. All respondent are using private own toilet

facility.

When asked about the most pressing problem faced in surrounding area respondent

highlighted the sanitation and drainage problem, But still the people were happy.


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Questions were asked to respondents to seek their opinions, perceptions and

aspirations regarding the project. Opinions are important vehicle through which one

could understand the existing mental attitude of people in general and groups, and

community in particular.

All the respondents were aware of the project, which reflects that the project

proponent has carried out regular consultation with the local peoples. All the

respondents are in support of the project fully, Their only demand is to give the

preference to local people for labour contractors, transporters and raw material

suppliers etc.

Impacts The setting up of any kind project would undoubtedly include significant impact on socio-

economic and cultural life of the people in the project area. Here, an attempt is made to

visualize and discuss such tentative impacts likely to be induced by the project. The likely

impacts due to project activity are described below:

Positive Impacts The proposed project does not involve any displacement of inhabitants and so

issues like resettlement and rehabilitation does not figure.

There was a growth in indirect jobs and business opportunities to the local and

surrounding people such as machine operator, contractors, transporters and raw

material suppliers etc. due to the proposed development in the area.

Demands of community services and commercial development also create

additional employment for the poor strata of society by way of security guard,

driver, servant, sweeper, gardener etc.

Negative Impacts Due to the proposed project activity, influx of population may increase during the

construction phase. This may lead to strain on infrastructure facilities in the area as

well as increase in population at local level. However, this impact is only for the

short duration and temporary in nature.


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During construction phase, increase level of dust and other air pollutants may lead

to health problems.

Vehicular traffic and construction activities may create noise pollution.

Mitigating Measures

In order to mitigate the adverse impacts likely to arise in the surrounding area due to

proposed project activity, it is necessary to formulate an effective mitigation plan. The

suggestions are as follows:

Before Commencing and During Initial Phase: Communication with the local community should be institutionalized and done on a

regular basis. The forum could provide opportunities to discuss local critical issues

and prepare programmers of mutual benefits.

Information regarding the proposed development plan, community programmes

etc. should be communicated to the local community in the form of booklets and

audio-visuals.

As per the expectations of the local people, project authorities should organize

guidance center for youths, pant nursery for farmers, Fertilizers and pesticide shop

center, technical education center and training programme.

Construction Phase:

Project proponent should take appropriate steps to keep environment clean and

healthy during construction phase.

Provision of adequate drinking water, toilet and bathing facilities should be made

available on project site.

Water shall be sprinkle/spread to suppress dust during construction phase to

control air pollution and thereby avoid adverse health impact.

Proper living condition with appropriate facilities for residential labours should be

provided.

Proper Training and awareness programme should be carried out so that the

workers understand the importance of wearing the personal protective

equipment’s.


99

First aid and medical facilities will be provided to all the concerned people

working on the site.

Operation Phase:

The colony management collectively will need all work forces like watchmen,

gardeners, sweepers, plumbers, fitters, STP operators, operators and solid waste

collectors. Preference should be given to local people for all this.

The project authority should help in promoting local people for livelihood

commensurate with their will, skill and abilities by utilizing the minimum amount.

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CHAPTER 4 - ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction

Identification of impacts and mitigation measures of the same in Environmental Impact

Assessment study helps in quantification and evaluation of impacts. During baseline study

several impacts can be identified but it is necessary to identify the critical impacts both

positive and negative on various components of the environment that are likely due to

installation of Distillery Unit.

The environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary

impacts are the ones that are caused directly due to the project activity on environmental

attributes, whereas secondary impacts are indirectly induced.

The construction and operational phase of the project activity comprises various activities,

each of which may have either positive or negative impact on some or other environmental

attributes. The proposed project activities would impart impact on the environment in two

distinct phases:

The proposed project may influence the environment of the area in two phases:

Phase I: During the Construction period, the impact may be temporary or short term

Phase II: During the Operation Phase which may have long term effects.

4.2 Construction Phase

This phase involves the activities like

Site preparation and development

Civil construction work

Vehicular movement

Loading and unloading civil items and plant machineries

On site storage of civil items & plant machineries.


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Erection of plant and civil structures

Maintenance of construction machinery

Disposal of solid wastes

Accommodation for construction workers

Green Belt Development

Land, Air and Noise are likely to be effected by these activities, although Aesthetics and

Socio-economic factors are also identified. But the impacts will be marginal and for short

term only.

The green belt development will have positive impacts.

The detailed impacts & mitigation measures have been discussed in the following sections.

4.2.1 Land Environment

This is an existing operating sugar plant and adequate land is available within the premises

for distillery unit. The area identified for the distillery unit is almost flat and not much of

leveling work is expected.

Mitigation Measures

All earth work will be completed in such a way so that the soil erosion and carryover

of the materials in other areas are protected.

The packaging materials which may consist of wooden boxes and jute wrappers will

be stored at suitable place and disposed off suitably.

Excavated soil will be used for green-belt development

4.2.2 Water Environment

Due to construction activities, the surface run-off during rainy season may contain more of

eroded soil and other loose matter. With segregation of construction area and proper

drainages, the water contamination is prevented. As far as possible, construction activities

will be avoided during rainy days. Increased water demand during construction phase for site

preparation, dust spraying, construction activities, curing, domestic and other water requirements

for labour and staff onsite.


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Mitigation Measures

The earth work (cutting and filling) will be avoided during rainy season and will be

completed during the winter and summer seasons only.

Stone pitching on the slopes and construction of concrete drains for storm water to

minimize soil erosion in the area will be undertaken.

To strengthen the green belt in and around plant will be undertaken during the

monsoon season.

Soil binding and fast growing vegetation will be grown within the plant premises to

arrest the soil erosion.

The overall impact on water environment during construction phase of the

modernization unit will be temporary and insignificant.

Construction worker will not allow for staying at project site.

Use of tanker water for construction activity.

Provision of temporary toilets for labour

Wastewater generated will be recycled/reused

4.2.3 Air Environment

The main sources for impact of air quality during construction period is due to movement

of vehicles and construction equipment at site, dust emitted during leveling, foundation

works, transportation of construction material etc. Dust would be generated during

activities such as loading and unloading of construction materials, top soil removal,

movement of vehicles over dusty roads and air born dust from exposed project site. Hence,

during the construction phase, suspended particulate matter PM10 & PM2.5 will be the main

pollutant. The emissions from vehicles and construction equipment may also contribute to

NOx and SOx.


103

The dust generated will be fugitive in nature, which can be controlled by sprinkling of

water. The impacts will be localized in nature and the areas outside the project boundary

are not likely to have any major adverse impact with respect to ambient air quality.

Mitigation Measures:

Following measures would greatly reduce the impacts during the construction phase

The approach roads will be paved or tarred and vehicles will be kept in good order to

minimize the pollution due to vehicular traffic.

It is necessary to control the dust emissions particularly during dry weather. This

will be achieved by regular water sprinkling all over the exposed area, at least twice a

day using truck-mounted sprinklers.

The nose-mask will be provided to workers in dust prone area.

Existing green belt will help in attenuation of fugitive emission.

Checking of vehicles and construction machinery to ensure compliance to Indian

Emission Standards

Transportation vehicles and machineries to be properly and timely maintained and

serviced regularly to control the emission of air pollutants in order to maintain the

emissions of NOX and SOX within the limits established by CPCB

4.2.4 Noise Environment

The major sources of noise during the construction phase are vehicles and construction

equipment like dozers, scrapers, concrete mixers, cranes, pumps, compressors, pneumatic

tools, saws, vibrators etc. The operation of these equipments can generate noise levels in

the range 85-90 dB (A) near the source. These noises levels will be temporary during the

day time only hence will not have any significant impact on surrounding during

construction phase.

Mitigation Measures:

The noise control measures during the construction phase include provision of caps

on the construction equipment and regular maintenance of the equipment.

Equipments will be maintained appropriately to keep the noise level within 85 dB


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(A).

Wherever possible, equipment will be provided with silencers and mufflers.

High noise producing construction activities will be restricted to day time only.

Greenbelt development will be undertaken from the construction stage itself.

Further, workers deployed

in high noise areas will be provided with necessary protective devices such as ear

plug, ear-muffs etc.

Overall, the impact of increase in noise on the environment would be insignificant, as

it will be localized and mainly confined to the day hours.

4.2.5. Biological Environment

The site acquired for the proposed distillery unit of the project is devoid of any vegetation.

Hence there will not be any adverse impact on flora during construction phase of the

proposed project. Also, the increased vehicular traffic coupled with higher noise level due

to various constructional activities will drive away the local fauna from the project site to

the neighboring area temporarily.

Mitigation Measures

Construction activities needs to be restricted to day hours only and the movements

of workers and vehicles should be completely banned during early morning and late

evening when wildlife activities are at peak.

Workers should be briefed about do’s and don’ts like No hunting, vegetation burning,

off-road driving, speeding, improper behaviour towards local residents

The project area is close to open scrub reserve forest and there are occurrences of

schedule wild life. Hence, sign boards/ Notice Boards at the site like, NO HORN

PLEASE, SILENCE ZONE etc. will be fixed

Animals, which are found within the project area and categorized under schedule I to

Schedule IV of Wild Life Protection Act 1972, are strictly protected and there is a

complete ban on their exploitation for any purpose. Care should be taken not to

disturb their habitats.

In addition, do the awareness program among the, drivers school children & local

community about the ecology & biodiversity.

Proper management of waste material.


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4.2.6 Storage of Hazardous Material

The hazardous materials used during construction may include petrol, diesel, welding gas

and paints. These materials will be stored and handled carefully under applicable safety

guidelines. Some of the precautions of storage include the following:

Temporary storage will be made for diesel and other fuels. These fuels required for

running construction equipment’s, DG sets etc.

Storage shall be separated by fire insulating walls from other storage tanks;

The distance between the storage tanks shall be at least half of their height.

4.2.7 Socio-Economic Environment

The proposed project does not involve any displacement of inhabitants for the

construction of terminal.

Construction phase could lead to creation of employment and procurement

opportunities.

A multiplier effect will be felt on the creation of indirect employment through the

local community establishing small shops like tea stalls, supply of intermediate raw

materials, repair outlets, hardware stores etc.

Self- employment options for individuals possessing vocational or technical training

skills like electricians, welders, fitters etc, which are likely to be sourced locally;

There would be influx of workers during construction phase which could lead to

pressure on key local infrastructure such as water, healthcare, electricity.

The construction activity could lead to increased nuisance level from air emissions

and noise due to transportation of material and equipment as well as labourers.

The construction activity could also lead to water logging in mud pockets leading to

breeding of mosquito and related health impacts.

Mitigation Measures

Employing local people for construction work to the maximum extent possible.


106

Providing proper facilities for domestic supply, sanitation, domestic fuel, education,

transportation etc. for the construction workers.

Barricades, fences and necessary personnel protective equipment such as safety

helmet, hoes, goggles, harness etc. will be provided to the workers and employees.

Constructional and occupational safety measures to be adopted during construction

phase of the industry.

The health of workers will be checked for general illness; first time upon

employment and thereafter at periodic intervals, as per the local laws and

regulations.

The workers will be diagnosed for respiratory functions at periodic intervals and

during specific complaints etc. Health centre and ambulance facility will be provided

to the worker.

Job rotation schemes will be practiced for over-exposed persons. Insignificant

impact is expected on the workers’ health and safety during the operation phase

stage.


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4.3 During Operation Phase

Operational phase activities may have impacts minor or major, positive or negative on

environmental discipline such as soils, surface and ground water hydrology, micro

meteorology, water use, water and air quality, ecology, socio economics & noise

environment.

This phase includes following activities:

Raw material storage

Product manufacturing

Product storage

Transportation

Gaseous emission

Effluent discharge

Solid waste generation

Occasional equipment failure/ process upset and related problems

Industrial development

Chemical hazards


The operational phase of the project comprises of various activities each of which will have an

impact on air quality. The impact on air quality can be due to:

The source of dust emissions is loading/unloading, transportation and storage of raw material&

finished product.

Adequate pollution control measures will be taken to keep the emissions from all sources

within the statutory norms. Spraying of water on roads will be done to control such emissions.

In a plant, the major emission from stack is Particulate Matter (PM) emissions. In addition,

Gaseous pollutants (SO2, NOx and CO) are also anticipated from stack emissions and vehicular

emissions.


108

Efficient Air Pollution Control Equipment (APCE) like ESP will be installed at stacks to keep the

emissions within the permissible limits. Stack emissions will be maintained below 50 μg/Nm3

Vehicles and machineries will be regularly maintained. Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles

will be done.

Hence, the overall quality of the ambient air will be maintained within the limit prescribed by

CPCB/SPCB after the commencement of the operation of proposed project.

ESP is proposed as air pollution control measure to proposed boiler. Also, stack of adequate

height, 60 m is proposed to disperse the flue gas.

Air Quality Predictions through Mathematical Modeling

Ground level concentrations (GLCs) have been predicted using AERMOD Cloud software. The

application incorporates popular U.S. EPA air dispersion models AERMOD and ISCST3 into one

integrated graphical interface. The model uses rural dispersion and regulatory defaults options as per

guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998).

Following are the assumptions made while using the model:

New boiler will be connected to stack through ESP. The stack details and flue gas characteristics are

provided below:

Table 4.1 Stack Emission Details

Parameters Unit Stack Attached to New Distillery Boiler, 10 TPH

Stack height m 60 Stack diameter at exit / top

m 1.5

Stack exit gas velocity m/s 10

Stack gas temperature at exit

Deg. C 150

Flue gas quantity m3/sec 3.5

Fuel requirement Type Bagasse

TPH 5.2

PM Emission g/sec 0.17

So2 Emission g/s 1.4

Air pollution control equipment

ESP


109

Figure 1: Site Specific Wind Rose

i. Ground Level Concentration (GLC) Of Air Pollutants by Mathematical Modeling

Boiler of capacity 10 TPH is proposed to generate steam using bagasse. Hence, air quality

impact is envisaged due to burning of bagasse. There will be emission of Particulate Matter

(PM) from flue gas.

Ground level concentration (GLC) has been predicted using AERMOD-Cloud software. The

application incorporates popular U.S. EPA air dispersion models AERMOD and ISCST3 into

one integrated graphical interface. The model uses rural dispersion and regulatory defaults

options as per guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998).


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Prediction

The predicted results are tabulated below in Table 36 and dispersion trend is shown as

iso-pleths for Particulate Matter.

Table 4.2: Predicted Incremental GLC

Pollutants Maximum Incremental Levels, µg/m3 Distance,km Direction

PM 0.37 0.5 E

The maximum incremental GLC of PM is superimposed on the baseline concentrations

recorded during the study period to arrive at the likely resultant concentrations after

implementation of the proposed boiler. The cumulative concentration (baseline +

incremental) is tabulated below in Table 37 while resultant concentrations at ambient air

quality monitoring (AAQM) locations are tabulated in Table 38.

Table 4.3: Resultant Concentrations within Study Area (g/m3)

Scenario Incremental Baseline Resultant CPCB Limit

Industrial, Residential, Rural & Other

PM 0.37 62.11 62.48 100

Table 4.5: Resultant PM Concentrations at AAQM Locations (g/m3)

AAQM Locations Incremental Baseline Resultant CPCB Limit

Industrial, Residential, Rural & Other

Project Site 0.20 69 69.20

100 Akole 0.16 67 67.16

Nawalewadi 0.14 63 63.14

Bhojdarwadi 0.10 60 60.10

Dhamangaon Awari 0.10 59 59.10

Pimpalgaon Khand 0.04 61 61.04

Washere 0.10 57 57.10

Manoharpur 0.10 58 58.10

Sugaon Bk. 0.10 65 65.10


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Figure 4.1: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of PM


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4.3.2 Impact on Land Environment

The project site of 6 acres area is identified for distillery unit out of 52 ha. Along with

implementation of project, more than 33 % of the land area will be covered with greenery.

The study area comprises of agricultural and non-agricultural lands. During summer, the

latter are dry and devoid of vegetation. However, during rainy season they cover green

with grass and shrubs. Part of the agricultural land is irrigated under bore well and lifts

irrigation. The main sources which will affect the land environment are by products from

proposed activity i.e. ash, Spent wash, ETP effluent & sludge etc.

Pollutants from the proposed activity damage the porosity, oxygen transfer is hampered

and the degradation of the effluent organics in soil depletes of nitrogen. These factors cause

germination disorders in seeds that are planted. Prolonged land irrigation using effluent,

may cause soil sickness.

Other damages caused by effluent discharge on land are:

Charring of vegetables and crops.

Accumulation of salts.

Increase in cropping period.

Increase in the electrical conductivity

Soil quality may be affected by accidental leakage and spillage of hazardous chemicals/oils

during handling

Improper segregation and disposal of solid waste generated during operation of the

proposed project

Mitigation measures:

The generated by-products bagasse ash along with pressmud directly sold farmers as a

manure. Balanced ash will be sold to brick manufacturers unit. The spent wash will be

concentrated in MEE followed by Bio composting and condensate will be treated in CPU

and used for dust suppression, green belt development and irrigation purpose.


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Measures will be taken to minimize waste soil generation. Construction waste material

will be recycled.

Designation and demarcation of construction site with due provision for

infrastructure.

Appropriate measures are adopted for slope stabilization to reduce land erosions.

Used oil from D.G. Set shall be sold to recyclers. There are no other hazardous wastes

All hazardous wastes shall be securely stored, under a shed for eventual transportation

and disposal to the authorized dearler by MPPCB.

Impacts Due To Fugitive Emissions

Particulate emission due to burning of fuel (i.e. bagasse) from proposed boiler; similarly

transportation facilities will affect the surrounding will be controlled through adequate

dust suppression and/or extraction system so that the impact will be negligible.

Stack Emissions: The following measures will be adopted for the control of emissions for

the proposed plant

Suitably designed ESP and 60 m stack height will be placed to proposed 10 TPH

boilers which will separate out the incoming dust in flue gas and limit the dust

concentration at its designed outlet concentration of 50 mg/Nm3.

For the effective dilution and dispersion of the pollutants stack height has been

proposed as per CPCB guidelines. The height of the stack will be 60 m single chimney.

Fugitive Emissions: The following measures will be adopted to control fugitive emissions:

Dust suppression system by water sprinkler during operational activities

Regular dust suppression with water sprinkler at transfer points;

Control of fugitive emissions from the ash handling area will be mitigate through

frequently water sprinkling

Green belt development and afforestation in the plant and surroundings of ash

handling area.

Dust suppression/extraction system at fuel handling plant to control fugitive


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emissions.

4.3.3 Impact on Ambient Noise

During the operation phase noise will be generated from noise generating sources. The

principle source of noise from industry are from fans, centrifuge, turbine, steam traps,

steam vents etc.

Exposure to excessive noise produces varying degree of damage to human hearing system

which is initially reversible. Speech interference, sleep interference annoyance, mental

fatigue and headache are few of the other effects which are caused by the high level

exposure of long duration noise. In certain circumstances noise can cause decreased

electrical resistance in the skin and a reduction in gastric activity

With increasing distance from the source the noise level decreases due to wave divergence.

Additional decrease also occurs due to atmospheric effects and interaction with objects in

the transmission paths.

Mitigation Measures

The ambient noise levels in the study area within permissible limits and will remain

stipulated/prescribed limit even after commissioning of the proposed project.

The general mitigation for the attenuation of the noise are given below:

Noise level can be reduced by stopping leakages from various steam lines,

compressed air lines and other high pressure equipment

By providing padding at various locations to avoid rattling due to vibration

By adopting new technologies for control of noise in various units

Encasement of noise generating equipment where otherwise noise cannot be

controlled

Providing noise proof cabins to operators where remote control for operating noise

generating equipment is feasible.


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The air compressor, process air blower, pneumatic valves will be provided with

acoustic enclosure;

In all the design/installation precautions are taken as specified by the manufacturers

with respect to noise control will be strictly adhered to;

High noise generating sources will be insulated adequately by providing suitable

enclosures;

Design and layout of building to minimize transmission of noise, segregation of

particular items of plant and to avoid reverberant areas;

Use of lagging with attenuation properties on plant components / installation of

sound attenuation panels around the equipment

Other than the regular maintenance of the various equipment, ear plugs/muffs are

recommended for the personnel working close to the noise generating units;

All the openings like covers, partitions will be designed properly

Inlet and outlet mufflers will be provided which are easy to design and construct.

All rotating items will be well lubricated and provided with enclosures as far as

possible to reduce noise transmission. Extensive vibration monitoring system will be

provided to check and reduce vibrations. Vibration isolators will be provided to

reduce vibration and noise wherever possible;

The insulation provided for prevention of loss of heat and personnel safety will also

act as noise reducers

Noise source and control measures

Sources of noise: The source and quality of noise in the distillery are given bellow;

Steam turbines : 85-90 dB (A)

Diesel Generators : 75-80 dB (A)

Fans, blowers and compressors : 80-85 dB (A)


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The sound intensity appears to be at moderate level in distillery plants. In general at the

locations of turbines, compressors, fans etc. The sound intensity generally exceeds the

limit. Necessary measures as indicated below are taken to reduce the sound intensity

below the allowable limits at the source itself. The workers engaged in such locations are

provided with earmuffs to have additional safety against noise nuisance. These units will be

manufactured to meet the noise levels as per MOEF&CC/ CPCB guide lines.

Noise control measures: Workers near equipment will be provided ear muff and ear plug

as personnel protective appliances against noise. They are installed on vibration proof

foundation and base. Steam turbine and diesel generators are located in isolated and

acoustic building.

Diesel Generator – 320 kVA x 1, 75 KVA x 2 (Total 3 Nos.)

Diesel generators will meet the Specification of MoEF&CC. They are with low noise engine

supplied with vibration free base frame and acoustic enclosure. Efforts shall be done to

bring down the noise level of the D. G. set with in the allowable limits of about 70 dB(A) by

sitting and control measures.

Steam Turbine – 2.5 MW

Fan Blower and Compressor– Water sealed vacuum pump and air blowers are used in

fermentation, distillation and evaporator plants. Air fans are used at boiler house

In addition to green belt will be developed .

Notes:

At 100 meters from project boundary, 0. 6 dB of time averaged increase over baseline

noise levels is predicted, and at 200 meters, 0.2 dB of increase is predicted, both of

which are negligible.

Surrounding Villages are located beyond a distance of 250 meters from the Plant

boundary and will not see any increase in Noise Levels because of the Sources of noise

inside the Project site.


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Mitigations Measures as listed below should be implemented for avoiding any

potential impact on the Noise Environment.

Table 0.1.6: Equipment Noise and Mitigation Measures

Sr. No. Machinery / Equipment Description

Predicted SPL at 1m distance

Mitigations Required

1. Air Handling Units 95~100 dB 1. Air handling units usually comprise of Motors and Blowers (either axial fans or centrifugal blowers). Centrifugal blowers usually have larger Noise levels because of turbulence generated inside the blower.

2. The Motor and the Blower usually have combined Noise Level of 100 dB, hence Acoustical Enclosure with 20 dB Transmission Loss should be installed for All AHUs.

3. The ducting from each of the AHUs must have Acoustical Lining from inside or In-line Silencer installed after the blower in order to avoid the transmission of Noise through the ducts.

2 Pumps (Multiple Numbers)

85~95 dB 1. Pumps can have Sound Pressure Levels ranging from 85 dB to 95 dB Depending upon size.

2. Acoustical Enclosures should be installed in order to bring the SPL below 80 dB at 1 meter distance.

3. Acoustical Panels with Transmission Loss Rating of 15 dB or more should be used for pumps.

3. Boiler 100~105 dB There are multiple sources of sound in a Boiler. 1. All Boiler feed pumps to be provided with

Acoustical Enclosures with 30 dB Transmission Loss

2. All Safety valves to be installed with 15 dB Insertion Loss Rating Silencers.

3. Detailed study should be conducted of the boiler for noise levels upon completion of installation.

4. Air Compressors (Or Compressor House)

> 100 dB 1. All compressors should be installed at a common location i.e. compressor house.

2. The Compressors should be provided with Acoustical Enclosure of at least 30 dB Transmission Loss Rating.

5. Steam Turbine 90~100 dB

1. Usually Steam turbine will not create noise levels above 90 dB, however 100 dB has been considered for a worst-case scenario.

2. Steam turbine to be provided with Acoustical Enclosure of 20 dB Transmission Loss Rating.

3. Appropriate Thermal insulation blanket with noise reduction rating of 6-7 dB should be


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installed onto the steam turbine.

6. Cooling Tower 85 dB Noise Levels of up to 85 dB will be generated due to the cooling tower, which is safe for a noise dosage of up to 8 hours even if there are people working around the cooling tower, hence no mitigations are necessary for this source of noise.

7 Additional Mitigations / Cares to take

N/A 1. All people working in the vicinity of the Equipment/Machinery with Sound Pressure Levels higher than 95 dB should wear protective ear plugs to avoid permanent hearing damage.

4.3.4 Impacts on Water Environment

The total water requirement for distillery plant will be 398 m3/day during operation. The

water used for this plant is available and assured. Permission granted by Govt. of

Maharashtra from Pravara River (4Km).

Water is used at various stations like heating, cooling, process, floor washing, vessel

washing, laboratory, scrubbing etc.

Water Budgeting for Distillery Unit

Table 4.7: Details of Water Balance Distillery

S. No.

Step Water input m3/d Loss Wastewater out m3/d

1 Cooling 300 M3/day Recycle from CPU : 200 m3/day Fresh = 100 (Make-up)

80 To ETP = 20

2 Fermentation

Feed = 24 Fresh = 168 Recycled from ETP =46 Recycle Spent lees =87 Recycle scrubber = 10

6

To Distillation = 329

3 Distillation From Fermentation = 329

- Moisture in product = 2 High BOD Spent wash = 240 Spent lees to recycle = 87

4 CO2 Scrubbing Fresh = 10 - Sent to Fermentation = 10

5 Pump Blower Sealing water


6 Floor & vessel Fresh = 10 2 To ETP = 8


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washing

Input side: Industrial (m3/d)

(No Groundwater is tapped. Water is available from Govt. Source.)

Output side: Industrial (m3/d)

Loss from Industrial Use 90

Effluent sent for ETP 66

Effluent Highly polluted spent wash sent for composing 240

Moisture in product 2

TOTAL 398

Effluent Treatment for Distillery Unit; Stream (A) Industrial Water 24 m3/day; Stream (B)

Industrial Polluted water 38 m3/day

Collectively these two streams total to 62m3/day is taken for treatment by biological

oxidation and tertiary. What now remains are Stream (C) effluent, which is highly polluted

Spent Wash. This is treated as:

Stream (C): Industrial highly polluted wastewater

Zero Pollution by Distillery Effluent - Technical Approach:

It is however observed that in most of the cases, the material balance requirement of

Composting Process is not fulfilled; forcing the distillery managements to discharge

untreated / partially treated effluent in the environment / river for dilution. This specifies

the need of adopting a “Composite Approach” wherein after Anaerobic Digestion, with the

help of Multi Effect Evaporator; the anaerobically digested Spent wash is reduced to

desired volume suitable for the mass balance of the composting process and Filter Cake

availability. This will also result in utilizable water of neutral pH and low organic matter

concentration to be reused after treatment.

Fresh water for Industry 328

From Feed 46

Internal recycle 24

Total Input= 398


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This technique is really useful in achieving the fool - proof technology of zero pollution by

adopting the approach of, Bio-digestion + MEE + Aerobic Composting

By adopting the above technology, it is possible to achieve not only zero pollution but also

will utilize fully the nutrient values and organic matter of Spent wash for the resource

generation.

Distillery capacity 30 KLPD

Working days of Distillery 270 days

Spent wash per day (After MEE) 40 cum/day

Spent wash annually 270 x 40 = 10,800 cum

PM:SW (Pressmud to Spent wash) ratio,

Composting Cycle (60 days each)

1:2.5

PM required annually 10800/2.5 =4320

PM Production daily from sugar factory 75 MT

PM Production annually (160 days) 12000 MT

Hence, the Pressmud available is sufficient.

Land Required at the rate of 850 MT/Acre/Cycle

Duration of cycle 60 days

No. of Cycles per year Four

PM Tonnage per cycle 10800/4 =2700 MT

Land Required for 4050 MT 2700/850 = 3.17

Provide 10% extra for roads, gutters etc. 3.3 acres

Area for Press Mud and Finished Product 0.5 acres

Lagoon Storage

Raw Spent wash storage 5 Days

After Concentrated at MEE storage 15 days

0.2 acre

Total land requirement 4.0 acres

DISPOSAL: Disposal is of predominant importance in total environmental management.

Here we consider now all the three units and domestic sub-stream.

Stream (A) 20 m3/day: The treated domestic sewage coming out of septic tank and

anaerobic filter shall be disposed on land for gardening by subsurface irrigation.


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Stream (B) 40 m3/day (as Bio-compost): The stream of industrial effluent of highly

polluted type coming after Distillation, Re-boiler and M.E.E. treatment is then converted in

solid compost. The Compost has following quality:

- Moisture Content less than 35 %

- Organic Carbon 20-25 %

- Phosphorus 1.5 %

- Nitrogen 1.5-2 %

- Potassium 2 to 3.5 %

- C:N ratio less than 17

The compost has a ready and developed demand in this area. This will largely substitute

the fertilizer and soil conditioners for the crop.

Stream (C) 266m3/d (as ETP): Effluent streams treated by Bio-oxidation and tertiary

treatment in ETP. 300 m3/day capacity ETP will be proposed

Table 0.2.8: Typical Raw Spent Wash Characteristics

Sr. No. Particulars Parameters

1 Temperature of Spent Wash Avg. 500C.

2 Color Dark Brown

3 pH 3.5-4.5

4 BOD mg/liter 60,000-70,000

5 COD mg/liter 1,00,000-1,40,000

6 Total Solids mg/liter 80,000-1,00,000

7 Potassium 8,000-10,000

SW RESERVOIR (5 day )

EVOPORATOR

Bio-composting

CONDENSER

40 KLD

200 KLD

Bio-methanation

On Land

Press mud

Spent wash

240

Treated at CPU


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8 Chloride mg/liter 1,500-2,000

9 Sulphates mg/liter 2,000-4,000

10 Phosphates as PO mg/liter 600-800

11 Calcium (Ca) mg/liter 500-600

12 Ammonical Nitrogen mg/liter 2,000-2,500

*Except pH all the above parameters are expressed in mg/l or (ppm) Likely characteristics of spent lees as follows;

Table 0.3: Characteristics of spent lees

Sr. No. Characteristics Range

1 pH 5.0-6.0

2 COD <400

3 BOD <100

4 Total Dissolved Solids 300-500

5 Suspended Solids <10

6 Chlorides 10-40

*Except pH all the above parameters are expressed in mg/l or (ppm)

Effluent Treatment scheme:

Zero Liquid Discharge: 1. 75 m3/day spent less will be generated from the distillation process and will be sent to

Condensate Polishing Unit (CPU).

2. 240 m3/day Spent wash will be generated will be treated in MEE, after MEE it will be sent to

bio composting unit


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Condensate Polishing Unit (CPU)

Condensate polishing unit will designed for the following paramters

PARAMETER Inlet Treated Effluent

Flow (m3/Day) 270 270

Temperature 550c 30 0c

pH (S U) 4.0 – 4.5 7 – 8

BOD (mg/l) 2000

Less than 100 mg/L

COD (mg/l) 4000 Less than 200 mg/L TDS <3000 Less than 300 mg/L TSS - NIL

Proposed condensate polishing unit shall consist of following treatment units.

PRIMARY TREATMENT:-

Equalization Tank

Plate heat Exchanger

Lime Preparation Tank

Neutralization Tank

Lamella Clarifier

SECONDARY TREATMENT:-

Buffer Tank

UASB Reactor

Aeration tank

Secondary Clarifier

Sludge Drying Beds

TERTIARY TREATMENT:-

Flash Mixer

Flocculator


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Lamella Clarifier – II

Chlorine contact Chamber

Pressure sand filter

Activated Carbon filter

Ultra – filtration

Softner


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4.3.5 Rain Water Harvesting Plan

Rain water harvesting plan is prepared based on CPCB guidelines . The project site has 750

mm rainfall with wet month as July (30 %) and wet days are about 12. Thus, the maximum

wet day with a factor of safety as 2, we have rains on that day as 36 mm.

The rain water harvesting is planned, on Q= CIA basis.

Table 0.4: Rain Water Harvesting

# Particulars Area m2 Coefficient Intensity (mm) Quantity (m3)

A Pre-project

1 Open land 60,000 0.5 0.36 10,800

B Post-project

1 Roof 20,000 0.9 0.36 6,480

2 Utilities and Roads 6,000 0.8 0.36 1,728

3 Parking & Yard 6,500 0.85 0.36 1,989

4 Open space for other

utilities 7,500 0.15 0.36 405

6 Open- green belt 20,000 0.5 0.36 3,600

Total 14,202

B-A= 14,202 – 10,800 =3,402

It may be seen that there is no incremental rain run-off, due to our efforts for vegetation.

Further when once roof water will be collected in a tank and reused. The storm water is

collected by garland built in gutters and led to the natural drain.

Action plan as based on CPCB guidelines for rain water harvesting is prepared and included

above. This will be partly used for ground water recharge. In due course, under CSR, we

propose to have consultation with local Gram Panchayat and village Heads to augment the

ground water level by introducing RWH in their village.


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4.3.6 Impacts on Biological Environment

There are no National Parks and Protected Sanctuaries within the study area, no impact is

anticipated on the same. For estimation the adverse impact of the proposed project on

sensitive area, air quality modeling has done and Air quality modeling results shows that

no adverse impact on sensitive area.

In spite of there being no impact, efforts will be made not only to maintain the ecological

balance of the surroundings but also to improve upon the same.

The attributes that are identified to describe ecology are animals, birds, fish, field crops,

threatened species, natural vegetation etc. The study area does not have any identified

endangered species, Forest, National Park, Sanctuaries and hence there is no question of

any adverse impact on the same.

4.3.7 Impacts Solid Waste

Minimization at all levels need be attempted for discarded products, empty containers,

packing surpluses, incoming raw material unloading spillages and fugitives. The factory has

very little scrap materials. All these, however, be carefully stored on raised platform with

dwarf toe walls all around, and a roof over-head. The contents should not be held in the

premises for more than a fortnight.

The solid in process generate only as CPU sludge, spent catalyst and boiler ash. Ash is non-

hazardous and in fact a good building material. It can be used in Cement mills and for soil

enrichment.

Other will be empty drums which can be used for refill or may be disposed to original

vendors. The colony is very small and its organic portion will be composted and inert sent

for low land filling

These measures can easily be taken because (1) they have no discards or off-specification

products, (2) the waste is fully recycled and (3) they have experience in the line for the

same type of product.


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Non Hazardous Solid Waste: Based on above working, the summary is per day. Ash pit is

provided. Ash will be transported by tractor to compost site/ brick makers.

Table 0.5: Non Hazardous Solid Waste (Kg/Day)

Waste Qty Treatment Disposal

Canteen 20 Pit Composting Own Garden

Colony 60 Pit Composting Own Garden

ETP Sludge 50 Sale Sales

Office 5 Pit Composting Own Garden

Packing Section 3 Recycle Recycle

East Sludge 92 Segregation Sales

Ash 3000 Collection Brick kiln

4.3.8 Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment

The proposed project is expected to have several positive impacts on demography and

socio-economic condition which are listed below:

Increase in employment opportunities so as people will not migrate outside for

employment.

Increase in literacy rate.

Growth in service sectors

Improvement in prices of indigenous produce and services benefiting local people

such as increase in land value, house rent rates and labour wages.

Improvement in socio-cultural environment of the area.

Improvement in transport, communication, health and educational services.

Increase in employment due to increased business, trade, commerce and service

sector.

Thus the overall impact on the socio economic environment of the region is

expected to be beneficial for the local population.


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4.4 Traffic Management

4.4.1 Traffic Density and Its Impact: For raw materials (molasses), fuels (Bagasse) and

press mud, we are almost fully self-sufficient and hence, no new to be procured from

others. Alcohol produced in the factory is transported to various consumers through lorry

tankers. The vehicles will move mainly through State Highwayi.e. Kolhar Ghoti road and

beyond. District roads are tarred. Presently, the traffic on these roads is meagre. The

additional traffic due to the proposed activity is not likely to affect the environment.

4.4.2 Traffic Due To Project Activities

Personnel: During operation a maximum of about 69 persons (inclusive of employees and

others) are attending the industry but majority of them will be sons of soil from vicinity

villages. Visitors are very less because it is done mostly from the city office and not from

site. Only nominal few vehicles (say 3 per day) are expected. In addition 1 night duty

vehicles provided for emergency movement.

Material: Movement of heavy vehicles due to transportation of material and personnel

during operation is given below.

Alcohol 30 KL/d, 2 heavy duty tanker lorries per day and empty return, long distance

Boiler ash to vicinity brick makers/farmers 14 T/d, 1 heavy duty lorry per day and

empty return. Short distance

Miscellaneous storages 1 truck per week and empty return. Long distance

Molasses Transport: 3 heavy duty tankers per day

Thus, totally 5 long distance and 1 short distance haulage; If spread over 14 hrs. the

frequency is not disturbing.

4.4.3 Traffic Survey:Traffic survey is the study of flow of traffic/vehicles, designing and

operating traffic system to achieve safe and efficient movement of vehicles, persons and

goods. Survey was conducted to assess the present volume of the vehicles passing on the


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road adjacent to the village. The volume was found very low on this two lane road. The

surface is good to serve our new traffic, as estimated above.

The transportation density on the road presently is much less and hence we accommodate

easily our traffic of about 5 +1 vehicles (one way) on this road which is tarred and wide

with two lanes.

The road passes through villages and adjacent to agriculture lands. Lorries carrying solid

material will be covered with tarpaulin. The industry will take measures to additional

plantation on road sides. Bell mouth shape geometry will be provided at entry and gates to

the industry. Considering the facilities as above the impact of additional transportation on

road will be insignificant.

This unit is located in mofusil and there is no other activity in the vicinity. The present

traffic is only from local bullock carts, lorries and material transport of our existing units.

The construction phase is of a short duration, more of a fabrication type, side cladding

rather than walls and workers coming from nearby villages normally on foot or bicycles. In

operation phase, we foresee additional traffic only by about 5 tankers. Night transport will

be generally avoided and this will be placed in 14 hours. The road has a capacity to support

traffic for about 1200 vehicles per day (24 hours) and thus is safe with good level of

comfort. Adequate space is provided for truck parking. For drivers and loading-unloading

workforce, facility is provided in vicinity to take rest and sanitation.

4.5 Occupational Health Care

Safety officer is already appointed in the industry. He will co-ordinate and manage

occupational health management. A medical facility with qualified doctor and clinical

facilities will be created in the industry to meet the factory and residential colony

requirement of the health services. Higher medical services shall be availed from the

hospitals present in Akole, Sangamner, and Nasik. Health care aspects to be practiced in the

industry are indicated below.


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Health and safety related displays will be exhibited at strategic locations in the

industry.

Workers will be educated and trained in occupational health safety.

Regular health check-up of the workers will be carried out and health records of

individual workers will be maintained.

Spirometry, Pulseoxyeometry, X-rays and other routine and specific tests will be

conducted and submitted to authorities

Utility rooms provided will be provided with facilities and properly maintained.

First aid facilities will be provided at different locations. Further first aiders will be

trained.

Housekeeping in the industry, sanitation in utility rooms, canteen, Rest rooms and

other places will be given top priority.

Factory Inspectorate expects that management should take care of about:

Conducting occupational health program especially keeping in mind Threshold Limit

Values (TLV) and Permissible Exposure Levels (PEL).

Evaluating exposure of the workers periodically after placement

Conducting occupational health surveillance program including Liver Function Test

(LFT)

Keeping on-site emergency plan ready.

Summary of Impact

Based on the assessment made in the preceding sections the overall impacts due to

the proposed power project are summarized in Table No. 4.12

Table No. 4.12 Assessment of Impacts due to proposed activity on Environment

Sr. No

Environmental Component

Project Activity Impacts Identified Impact Assessment after Mitigation

1 Topography Site Clearance Minor changes in landscape. Insignificant Construction Activities

Changes in landscape. Insignificant


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Operation activities

Changes in land use. The available free land is utilized.

Insignificant

2 Air Quality Site clearance

Excavation and levelling activities are limited hence, fugitive emissions would be restricted.

Insignificant

Construction activities

Local increase in SPM Insignificant

Transportation

Vehicular and fugitive emissions Insignificant

3 Noise Construction activities

Temporary local increase in noise Insignificant


Continuous noise but confined to within the Plant Area

Insignificant

Transportation

Increase in noise levels due to vehicular traffic

Insignificant

4 Water Resources Construction activities

The water will be used during the construction activities.

Insignificant


Surface water

Insignificant,

5 Water Pollution Construction activities

Small volume of wastewater from the construction and sanitation

Insignificant


Effluent generated in the plant Insignificant as there will be zero discharge of effluent.

6 Ecology Site Clearance

There will not be major disturbance to flora fauna

Insignificant


There will not be major disturbance Insignificant


There will not be major disturbance to flora fauna Insignificant

7 Soil Characteristics Construction activities

Since there is minimal levelling and excavation, the proposed project area is within the existing facilities.

Insignificant


No changes are envisaged in this phase Insignificant

8 Land Use Construction activities

There will be change in landuse for industrial purpose.

Significant


The existing landuse is change to industrial use

Insignificant

9 Socio-economics Construction activities

Creation of additional jobs/ businesses Significant


Rise in per capita income due to increased opportunities

Significant

10 Civic Amenities Construction activities

Built up of temporary structures for workers and non-workers

Moderately insignificant


Availability of permanent structures for workers, non-workers

Moderately insignificant


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11 Occupational Health Construction activities

Dusty conditions during summer with vehicular movement

Insignificant


Process specific activities, heat and emission protective control measures followed

Insignificant

12 Vibrations Construction activities

Heavy equipment usage will be temporary

Insignificant


Continuous usage of machinery Insignificant

13 Solid/ Hazardous waste


General construction waste will be disposed off in designated sites

Insignificant


Ash from burning of bagasse in boilers Insignificant


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CHAPTER 5 - ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

5.1. Introduction

It is necessary that one should try to find various alternatives and what is environmentally

best preferred. There can be many points for which alternatives must be found. This is

attempted here, irrespective of whether scoping has asked so or not. This is done

voluntarily and submitted herein below.

5.2. Alternatives

Any proposed human activity is never a simple straightforward matter. A number of

decisions are required to be taken and for each step a number of alternatives are available.

Selection is thus all the more critical in an industrial development where time, money,

environment and natural resources are at stake.

Industry decides to undertake an “Alternative Analysis (AA)” for this project. The various

alternatives are (1) Product (2) Raw materials, (3) Technology, Engineering & Hardware,

(4) Site, and (5) ‘No-Project’.

Highlights of the final selection can be summarized as:

The unit will be with latest technology including continuous fermentation and multi

pressure vacuum distillation system.

Large quantity of condensate water will be recovered from integrated-evaporators

which will be utilized in the plant itself for dilution molasses and make up of cooling

water.

Provision of re-boiler, which has resulted in reduction of effluent generation and fresh

water requirement.

Spent wash is treated through biomethanation, evaporation and bio-composting.

Boiler ash contains plant nutrients such as potash and phosphate. This will be given to

farmers as plant nutrients.


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The distillery will be with zero discharge of spent wash.

Sugar and co-gen units will support distillery.

5.2.1 Product

Proponents have opted to produce totally three products, of which one new product

variety is Ethyl Alcohol. This option is selected with some consideration. This comes from

molasses which is otherwise a waste from our sugar unit and is an environment risk with

high BOD (900000 mg/lit.) and auto-combustion nature. On the other hand, the product

alcohol is useful in pharmaceutical, food and as petrol-substitute. It is in demand. This is

evident from Indian manufacture statistics. There are more than 300 such distilleries in the

country with a total installed capacity of 3500 million liters per annum. However, though

such abundant licensed capacity the production is only about 1900-2000 million liters per

annum. Department of Chemicals & Petrochemicals Government of India has kept an aim of

at least 2710 million liters per annum. This shows how much the chemicals are in great

demand both in India and abroad. Though the global recession has thrown that industry

out of balance, in India the demand continues. This industry with wide support of research

then decided to Ethyl Alcohol. This has given a versatile look to this industry. Now we can

cater to many fields which are as say acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic anhydride, VAM,

Ethyl acetate, and many similar.

While producing alcohol in its fermentation step CO2 is liberated by microbiological

activity. We have adopted a practice to scrub it in water. While producing alcohol in its

distillation step liquid effluent spent wash is generated. This is a nuisance creating foul

odour and large scale fish mortality. To avoid this we are using this to get valuable gas and

burnable concentration with calorific value.

5.2.2 Raw Material

The raw materials required are available with us and additional if needed are from assured

vendors in this and adjoining district where much sugarcane based agro-industries are

working. There is also good road connectivity. Some other helping substances also will be

needed in minor quantities on occasions such as acid etc., as also lubricating oil. The choice


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of source, as mentioned above was adopted because there the materials are in purer forms.

If raw material is purer and is in the desirable form, it avoids a probability of discards or

non-specification outcome. It also obeys the mass balance more faithfully than when

impurities are involved. No problem of any empty containers or bags is encountered.

There is a possibility of selecting excellent molasses.

5.2.3 Technology Alternatives:

The technology is very simple and straightforward with only few steps involved and

Simplified Flow Sheetis as per Figure 5.1;

Ethyl Alcohol

Figure5.1 Simplified Flow Diagram

The technology of making these products has been developed over the years, and refined

indigenously in well-equipped Research and Development Laboratories of Government and

private Institutes and Private Vendors etc., in which devoted scientists, engineers, skilled

and experienced staff is working, to find the best alternatives, addressing the above

enquiries.

Engineering & Hardware Options: Especially regarding process of product alcohol, there

was still scope of improvement and minimizes the requirement of inputs and energy. The

process development and engineering designing of this project has been done in such a

way that the whole operation of manufacturing can be carried out in a controlled system

with no or low gaseous emissions, effluents, and minimum waste generation. The material

handling and transfer of raw materials are also carried out in controlled and supervised

system. Thus, the technology is not only cost-effective but also environment friendly.


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The process involves three main steps each, as depicted above. Improvements are done by

modernization such as Dehydration. There are many ways and environmentally the best

one is selected. It is noteworthy that

Rectified spirit feed is pre-treated by product vapour

Evaporator column gets energy from free boiler

Steam condensate is feedback to boiler

Twin adsorbents beds. One in dehydration mode, other is regeneration mode

Switching of beds by Automation

Raw material is basically a product derived as waste from sugar mill i.e. molasses. we

already have made a dialogue. If extra is needed, it is always desirable to have listed

suppliers. This ensures continuous and clean supply of choice. This also makes it easier to

maintain a schedule of dispatch. Here, the stocks to be maintained are very low. High stock

in waiting not only involves blocked money but also is a hanging sword from point of view

of (1) hydro-carbons becoming air-borne, (2) High SPM Fugitives, and (3) fear of

combustion. The excess entails wastage too.

The process development and engineering designing of this project has been done and the

industry proposes to employ following specialty in their manufacturing. The peculiarities

of this processing unit are as follows;

The first peculiarity is this, that the Project Proponent has made a provision of about

11.5% of their capital outlay for pollution control and greening drive in the outset

itself.

The raw material is used immediately after procuring. This is transported and also

transferred without any chance of fugitives. This has become possible due to

nearness of site to the raw materials fields and tar roads in the vicinity. The size is

controllable.

It is possible to select good and uncontaminated, materials answering particular

specifications, as free from any foreign material including any undesired admixtures.


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Selection of correct quality raw material is possible because three inspections are

done in time.

When the procurement is done, the quality also will be recorded, which keeps an eye

on recovery, resource conservation and waste minimization. This is prevention of

pollution.

It may be summed up as –

1. Incoming Raw Materials: This is selected from self or known vendors, nearest area with

quick transport and quickly used on arrival inspection. The Prompt use prevents

wastage, rain-washed pollutants escaping out, and ease of keeping record of losses and

check.

2. Weighing & Lab Analysis: This is regularly done. This ensures better check on mass

balance. Purer material means less discards.

3. In Process design, following Technology absorption, is planned as built in measures for

resource conservation and pollution control in the industry. The main objective is to

follow environments friendly process, with efficient utilisation of resources, minimum

waste generation and built in waste treatment and operation safety. The measures

adopted are,

Continuous fermentation to improve alcohol yield and recovery and thereby

molasses consumption reduced.

Separation, recovery and recycle of yeast present in fermenter wash for reuse in

fermenter. This reduces the use of fresh culture and nutrients in the fermenter and

also improves ethanol yield.

Use of live steam is avoided by employing re-boiler in distillation columns. This

reduces the generation of wastewater.

Multi pressure distillation system is used to reduce the consumption of steam and

quantity of effluent.

Use of pumps with mechanical seals to avoid liquid leakages.

Scrubbing of fermenter vent gases containing CO2 to recover traces of alcohol

present in it.


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Water utilization reduced by 1. Evaporation of spent wash with recovery

condensate water for use in cooling tower. 2. Re boiler reduces water utilization 3.

Recycle of lees water for dilution of molasses 4. Decanter centrifuge and recycle of

thin yeast slurry saves water and improves alcohol recovery.

Concentrated spent wash is used as fuel in boiler.

I. Process operation, following hardware, is planned as –

Water feed to boiler is especially kept of good quality.

Combustion efficiency is raised by feeding ample air and this air is pre-heated by

using the waste heat which is present while cooling

II. Energy Conservation option is also kept in mind and it is planned to see –

Electrical load management to restrict maximum demand

Optimum utilization of steam

Power factor improvement

Energy management.

Improving thermal efficiency of boiler.

Change to more energy efficient motors

Variable frequency drive application for motors

Energy conservation awareness training

III. Supervisory Control is important. Training is imparted, Documentation is

designed, and Indicator chart, hourly reading charts are provided. Best operational control and

retrieval of information results in better checks

These are the points of Environmental Significance. In brief it may be summarized.

a. Fermentation:

Molasses handling: To be fed carefully with dilution

Yeast Propagation: Special Yeast is supplied by principal vendor and is developed

further in–situ. Precautions of adding measured quantity of sterilized molasses

substrate, aeration, taken and needed time for multiplication given. For this

provision of Yeast Activation Vessels.


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Fermentation: Yeast works on sugars contained in molasses, breaks down the

sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide and significant heat. Temperature

controlled to 33-35°C (by circulating cooling water). A series of tank to secure

more percentage of alcohol. From last tank CO2 collected and directed to scrubber.

What remains is now known as wash.

b. Distillation (Multi-Pressure)

The wash comes here. The hardware contains columns basically for two functions,

namely Stripping and Rectification. Thus

i. Analyzer column – Operated under vacuum

ii. Rectifier cum Exhaust column- Operated under pressure(Additional columns

only for refinement)

The wash is first preheated in beer heater and fed to Analyzer column

Vapour draw-containing alcohol from wash from Analyzer column top is fed to

Pre-rectifier column (if required), which too is working under vacuum. Liquid is

refluxed. The impure spirit is drawn from top of column and that collected at

bottom is fed to top of the Exhaust portion of the Rectifier cum Exhaust column.

Under pressure heat is given through Re-boiler. Alcohol is enriched towards the

top and drawn out as Rectified Spirit about 95% v/v concentrations.

To avoid build-up of fuel oil, it is drawn out to a tank, diluted with water, decanted,

layers separated and alcohol layer returned as recovery

c. Dehydration

This is to produce anhydrous Alcohol from Rectified Spirit

Rectified Spirit is preheated and fed to evaporation/ regeneration column.

Vapours drawn, sent to Sieve Bed, dehydrated, condensed and cooled. Thus forms

Absolute Alcohol of desired 99.8% v/v purity.

There is alternate Sieve Bed 2 ready for next operation.


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5.2.4 Site Alternatives:

The criteria kept for sites (apart from possible infrastructure optimization of this candidate

site) included:

Nearness of raw materials

Purity of raw materials

Ease of conveyance of raw materials

Desire of Government for industrialization in that area

Nearness of market

Dispatch facilities

Less Undulation of site

Power and water supply, without encroaching on need of others

Remoteness of target

Not Destroying prime agricultural lands

Maximizing infrastructure capacity utilization

No forest land is involved

No Revenue land is involved

No tribal land is involved

No R & R dis-satisfaction.

Infrastructure Optimization

Existing site is passed by local body office for establishing this unit. It was our endeavor to

strike such a balance that the environmentally best should also have acceptability

commercially. Study of many existing units brought out an interesting point that they are

required to haul raw materials from long distances to keep it running. This ends up in delay

and vehicular pollution. In this unit the material flow is so kept to get an advantage that the

requirement is fulfilled by quick haulage.

The site should be well connected by Road, so that both the raw materials and finished

goods can be conveniently handled. The Road is neither too busy, so as to have a fear of

accidents, nor is too away from network. Area requirement and built-up area requirement


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in this industry is only moderate. We have made a survey of a few existing units to find the

“Use Factor” of their built-up area. Accordingly the Architects have designed a least- plinth

outlay. Less buildings and less roads means saving of rubble, sand, bricks, etc, which

otherwise has to be procured by robbing nature. We have some infrastructure already.

Some part of this District is socio-economically backward and the government has a desire

to improve its status. The land of the District as a whole cannot be said to be of a prime

agricultural importance. The pollution generation from this industry is finally made

insignificant having taken all the precautions from raw material selection up to low or no

waste generation and conversion. This site has a connecting road and has approachability.

This site is connected with State Electricity Board power. When various sites were seen,

this site appeared to be environmentally best as also from the business angle and therefore

this option was finally adopted.

On the four sides of this particular site we have only open fields. There is no habitation

within one km. There is no sensitive establishment in the vicinity such as health resort,

hospital, archaeological monuments, sanctuaries, etc. The normal wind direction is found

to be favorable at this site. Villagesin the study zone are examined. It is found that:

Majority of the villages are engaged in agriculture.

All these villages have road network connected.

None of these villages have fully satisfactory amenities like medical facilities,

education, employment, transportation, communication. They would like to have

this through media of industry.

All are provided with drinking water from wells or Government Water Supply

Schemes RWS. Hence industry does not encroach upon their supply.

The population is limited.

With all this consideration, this site was ranked first and adopted.

a) Waste Water (Spent Wash) Treatment Options:

a. Spent Wash Treatment Methods: In earlier days the spent wash was treated by

primary and secondary biological treatment processes to reduce its BOD content and


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then let out on land for agriculture usages. However the treated spent wash contained

high inorganic salts and therefore caused the serious problem of pollution to ground

water, surface water and soil. In recent days, technology has developed for utilization

of spent wash in composting of bio-waste such as press mud, municipal waste, or

other organic solid waste to produce bio-manure. Composting process results into

zero effluent and it does not produce harmful wastes. Bio-manure is an environmental

friendly fertilizer suitable for crops and plantation. However, the adoption of

composting process depends on the availability of press mud in adequate quantities.

Further, compost process cannot be operated during rainy period and it requires

large storage capacity for spent wash. It involves the risk of surface and ground water

contamination. Alternatively, the spent wash can also be managed by the following

methods,

b. Concentration and incineration: Spent wash is concentrated in multi-effect

evaporators. The concentrated spent wash rich in organic matter has a high heat

value. Hence, this may be used as fuel in the boiler. The ash produced in the boiler

contains mainly potassium and phosphate salts and therefore, it can be used as plant

nutrient in agriculture. This route will allow us to run the factory for 270 days per

year.

c. Ferti-irrigation: It is a post sown application of spent wash along with irrigation

water on agricultural land. The spent wash contains plant nutrients such as

potassium, phosphate and nitrogen. It may be dosed admixture with irrigation water.

However, the ferti-irrigation depends on the availability of assured irrigation water

throughout the year.

d. One time land application: It is a pre sown one time application of spent wash on

agricultural lands. It enhances the nutrient value of the soil. One time land application

of spent wash has to be practiced scientifically to avoid possible adverse effects to

soil, crop and nearby water bodies.

e. Bio-composting: It is possible to use this liquid spent wash as the fertilizer organic

compost in solid form. For this, filler material and proper efforts of sprinkling and

turning is essential on the windrows. This becomes very popular if demand is in the

vicinity.


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b) Choice of spent wash treatment Method: A maximum of 240 KLD spent wash is

generated from the proposed 30 KLD ethanol plant. After bio-methanation, evaporation,

it can be used for composting. Thus, the ethanol plant will be with zero discharge of

effluent and can work satisfactorily for 270 days per year.

5.2.5 ‘NO-PROJECT’ Option

In this option, it is required to be considered as to whether it is more advantageous to the

Nation; not to commence at all the production proposed.The district statistical Census

report and Gazetteer of the District clearly states that the socio-economic conditions in this

district are very low. They will, therefore, need a reasonable industrialization.

On this background in order to support the national requirement, TI has proposed this

activity to produce national wealth from waste. In other words if a “No Project” option is

selected the repercussions will be widely felt around. Therefore, No Project option cannot

be entertained.

It is noteworthy that the activity now proposed will support this cause of National

productivity, of saving the foreign exchange, of providing employment and in an

environmentally friendly manner.

This project, as it will be soon shown, keeps an aim of sustainable development. ‘No-

Project’ option is adopted only in an extreme last step of negative listing and is not

warranted at all in the present case.

.

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CHAPTER 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

6.1 Introduction

This chapter contains technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation

measures and the environmental management plan. It ensures the smooth execution of

EMP and also monitors the changes in the ambient environmental quality due to the

proposed project. It includes laboratory and other facilities monitoring facilities,

environmental parameters to be monitored, data to be analyzed and sampling location and

schedule. It also includes budgetary provision and procurement schedule for the

monitoring facilities.

Monitoring of various environmental parameters will be carried out on regular basis to

ascertain the following,

i. Pollution status within the plant and in its vicinity.

ii. Generate data for predictive or corrective purpose in respect of pollution.

iii. Effectiveness of pollution control measures and control facilities.

iv. To assess environmental impacts.

v. To follow the trend of parameters which have been identified as critical.

6.2 Monitoring plan

Regular monitoring of important and crucial environmental parameters is of immense

importance to assess the status of environment during plant operation. The knowledge of

baseline status and monitored data is an indicator to ascertain for any deterioration in

environmental conditions due to operation of the plant. Based on these data, suitable

mitigation steps could be taken in time to safeguard the environment. Monitoring is as

important as that of pollution control since the efficiency of control measures can only be


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determined by monitoring. The routine monitoring program as indicated below will be

implemented in the industry. A comprehensive monitoring program is suggested.

Monitoring shall take the form of direct measurement and recording of quantitative

information, such as amounts and concentrations of discharges, emissions and wastes, for

measurement against corporate or statutory standards, consent limits or targets. It may

also require measurement of ambient environmental quality in the vicinity of a site using

ecological/biological, physical and chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-

economic interaction, through local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints.

The environmental monitoring during the operational phase of the proposed project is

important to assess the performance of pollution control equipment’s installed in proposed

project. Hence, regular monitoring of crucial environmental parameters is of immense

importance to assess the status of environment during plant operation. With the

knowledge of baseline conditions, the monitoring programme can serve as an indicator for

any deterioration in environmental conditions due to operation of the plant so as suitable

steps could be taken in time to safeguard the environment.

The sampling and analysis of environmental attributes including monitoring locations will

be as per the guidelines of the Central Pollution Control Board/ State Pollution Control

Board. Accordingly, environmental monitoring will be conducted on regular basis by SIAL

to assess the pollution level in the plant as well in the surrounding area with the following

objectives:

To verify the impacts predicated due to the proposed project.

To identify the trends with time in the levels of parameters.

To check or assess the efficacy of the various pollution controlling measures.

To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment

study, do not become critical through the commissioning of proposed project.

Establish database for future Impact Assessment Studies for expansion projects.


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The following Environmental Component will be monitored as under:

Air quality;

Water and wastewater quality;

Noise levels;

Soil quality;

Ecological preservation and afforestation;

Socio-economic status and community development

Meteorology

Meteorological parameters such as wind, atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and

rain fall shall be monitored.

Gaseous Emissions and Ambient Air Quality

Both ambient air quality and stack emissions shall be monitored for pollutants such as

Particulate Matter, NOx and SO2. Monitoring will be done as per CPCB guidelines.

Water and Waste Water Quality

All the effluents emanating from the plant should be monitored for their physicochemical

characteristics and heavy metals. In addition, ground water samples at downstream and up

stream of the compost yard shall be monitored on regular basis.

6.3 Sampling Schedule and Locations

Monitoring Plan for monitoring waste water and flue gases discharged from the industry

and the environmental parameters including meteorology, quality of ambient air, ground

water and soil is given below table 6.1


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Table. 6.1 Post project Monitoring Schedule for Distillery

Sr. No. Particulars Location Frequency 1. Ambient Air quality for

PM10,PM2.5,SO2 and NOx a. 2 samples downwind direction at 500m and 1000m respectively. b. 1 sample upwind direction at 500m.

24 hour sample half yearly

2. Flue gas from chimney for flow rate PM10, PM2.5,SO2 and NOx

Sampling port of chimney.

Continuos

3. Wind velocity and direction At site Hourly 4. Temperature (maximum &

minimum) Humidity (maximum & minimum) Rainfall

At site At site At site

Daily

Daily Daily

5. Ground water Within 1 km radius from spent wash tank and compost yard. 2 locations downward 1 location upward additional three locations within 10 km radius from the site.

Half yearly

6. River water One each at upstream and downstream

Quarterly

7. Soil Organic and Inorganic matter

At lands utilizing compost manure and treated effluent, 3 locations

Pre –monsoon and Post monsoon.

8. Effluent ETP( treated and untreated )

Daily

6.4 Laboratory Facilities

Laboratory facility is proposed for routine monitoring of air, water, soil and noise. The

following parameters of environmental components will be monitored during the

implementation of the post project environmental monitoring programme.


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For water component

pH, temp, BOD, C.O.D, T.D.S.

For Air

Velocity, Temp, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and CO2 from the stack. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx

from ambient air.

Meteorology

Wind speed and direction, atmospheric pressure, temperature, relative humidity and

rainfall.

Air Quality

High volume sampler, Meteorological station (continuous), Spectrophotometer (Visible

range), Sound level meter

6.5 Budget for Monitoring

Table No. 6.2 Budget for environmental monitoring for distillery

Sr. No.

Item Amount in Rs. lakhs.

Procurement schedule

Capital investment 1. Laboratory facilities 6.0 During construction phase 2. Weather monitoring facilities 4.0 During construction phase

Recurring cost 1. Monitoring of water, waste water,

soil, solid waste 5.0 During operation phase

2. Ambient air and stack , emission monitoring

5.0 During operation phase.

Effective Implementation on Environmental Monitoring Programme

The mitigation measures suggested in Chapter-4 i.e. Anticipated Environment & Mitigation

measures will be implemented so as to reduce the impact on environment due to the

operations of the proposed project. In order to facilitate easy implementation of mitigation

measures, the phased priority of implementation is given in Table No.6.3.


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Table No. 6.3 Implementation Plan to Mitigate Environmental Impact

Sr. No. Recommendations Time Requirement Action

1 Air pollution control

measures

Before commissioning of

respective units

Immediate

2 Water pollution control

measures

Before commissioning of the

plant

Immediate

3 Noise control measures Along with the commissioning

of the Plant

Immediate

4 Ecological preservation

and up gradation

Stage wise implementation Immediate &

Progressive

5 Green Belt development Stage wise implementation Immediate &

Progressive


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CHAPTER 7 - ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1 Public consultation

Public hearing was conducted by Maharashtra pollution control Board at project site on 8th September 2017.


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The details procedding of public hearing with reply is given below


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155


156


157


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7.2 Risk assessment

The Environmental risks are inherent in operation of any industry, or any human activity

for that matter. Any system failure can lead to disaster. The Risk assessment is done for the

project.

Nodes:

1. Bagasse storage

2. Molasses storage tank farm

3. Ethanol storage tank farm

4. Power plant

Identified Hazardous Events (Having Risk Rating In 16 To 25 Range)

Bagasse fire at bagasse storage yard.

Fire /explosion at Molasses tank farm.

Ethyl Alcohol pool fire at tank farm.

Ethyl Alcohol tank fire at tank farm.

Fire /explosion at denaturant store.

Release of Carbon di oxide from pipeline at fermenter area.

Release of toxic gases formed due to residual sulfur in molasses.

Compatibility / reactivity hazard at store.

Sulfur fire followed by release of sulfur oxides.

Diesel fuel spill followed by fire.

Release of toxic gases at cooling water treatment chemical such as chlorine.

Hydrochloric acid spill and release of toxic gases.

Boiler explosion.

Study is undertaken for emergency measures and Risk assessment for storage and handling

of alcohol and mitigation measure due to fire and explosion including foam system to

concerned handling areas.


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Mitigation Measures Proposed:

1. Portable fire extinguishers.

2. Fire hydrant system.

3. Leak Detection Alarm system and Manual call point.

4. Smoke Detector & Alarm system.

5. Fire tender, Ambulance and regular exercises involving plant operators.

6. Provide and monitor electronic systems to provide early detection of changes in

bagasse stockpiletemperatures.

7. Provide arrangement at road tanker hard stand to ensure any accidental spill is

routed to safe place.

8. Storage of chemicals considering reactivity/ compatibility hazards at store.

9. Fire water catchment pit.

10. Restrict the entry of untrained/ unauthorized persons in the vulnerable zone at tank

farm. In case of pool fire avoid the road close to tank farm as escape route for

persons working at ETP.

11. Flameproof electrical at tank farm.

12. Ensure molasses storage tank vented and avoid storage temperature above 40°C.

7.3 Stocking at work place, loading &floor area maintenance

The raw materials are to be placed very near to the feeding point.

Housekeeping is most important of all dust control methods.

Simply cleaning of all possible emission sources as quickly as possible.

7.4 Work Environment:

Dust and Heat free work environment is maintained in view of workers’ safety, Health and

Hygiene. The efforts taken in this respect are:

Table 0.1: Work Environment Care

S. No. Source Attenuation by

1. Scrap Yard Avoided by adopting smooth roads and yard.


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2. Plant Avoided by adopting good foundation, good alignment, well lubricated.

3. Generators Fitted enclosure and tall stack

4. Vibrations Proper sturdy foundation provided for all the machines and equipment to avoid fugitive escapes.

5 fumes Closed, covered and carried through ducts

7.5 Disaster Management Plan

7.6 Objectives

To localize the emergency

To minimize the consequences

To ensure that following concepts are considered, namely rescue, first aid, evacuation,

rehabilitation, spreading the information

7.7 Elements of On-Site Plan

Assess the size of event

Plan formulation and liaison

Action like: Raise alarm, communication within and outside

Appoint key personnel and deploy. Appoint Controller.

Emergency Control Center

Action on site

Action off-site.

Alarm and visual signals at strategic point, first alert sent to Incidence Controller.

7.8 Organization

The hierarchy of the Disaster Management Cell is given below in Figure 12. Chief Disaster

Controller (equivalent to General Manager) shall keep vigilance on any disaster and shall

report directly to Managing Director. He will be helped by heads of five different sub-cells.


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Figure 2 : Disaster Management Cell

7.9 Duty Allocation

Chief Disaster Controller (General Manager)

i. Take control and declare emergency

ii. Be there

iii. Contact Authorities and Managing Director

I. Area Coordinator

Take steps. Make Emergency shut-down of activities. Put everything in Safe condition.

Evacuate.

Commence initial fire-fighting, till Fire Department comes to take up.

Identify materials requirements and call Material Manager.

II. Medical Coordinator

Establish Emergency Center. Treat people, Transfer – Remove patients.

Assign Deploy staff

Arrange medical supplies

Summon outside help

III. Material Coordinator:

Dispatch necessary supplies

Arrange purchases


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IV. Fire-Safety Coordinator:

Be Overall in-charge for Fire and Safety.

Coordinate with Area Coordinator and Direct the Operations

Coordinate with City and Other Fire-tenderers.

V. PR & Security Coordinator

Remove Crowd

Arrange Gate security

Contact Police

Arrange evacuation

Contact outside Agencies if asked.

Handle news media

Mobilize vehicles

Arrange Food, clothing to Officers inside.

To help these officers, Emergency Control Center shall be equipped with:

Intercom, telephone;

P & T telephone;

Self-contained breathing apparatus;

Fire suit/gas tight goggles/gloves/helmets;

Hand tools, wind direction/velocities indications;

Public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone directories;

(internal, P&T) factory layout, site plan;

Emergency lamp/torch light/batteries;

Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, plant control room, sources of safety

equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape

routes;

Hazard chart;

Emergency shut-down procedures;

Nominal roll of employees;

List of key personnel, list of essential employees, list of emergency coordinators;


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Duties of key personnel;

Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, emergency coordinator,

essential employees; and

Important address and telephone numbers including government agencies,

neighboring industries and sources of help, outside experts, chemical factsheets,

population details around the factory.

After the disaster ends, Post Disaster Analysis shall be done by Disaster Management Cell

and report shall be submitted to Managing Director. The report shall include:

Why happened

How to avoid in future

Whether on-site operations failed? In what respect?

How to avoid such failure in future

Report to be submitted in detail to Authorities

Compensation arrangements if any, commenced?

Call suggestions on shortfalls observed.

Give rewards openly, pull defaulters individually

7.10 Social Impact Assessment

In such assessment, generally three aspects are considered namely (1) how and to what

extent this project will alter the society status, (2) how and to what extent this project will

affect the structures of heritage (like monuments, temples etc) that are of emotional local

attachments, and (3) how and to what extent this project will solve the delicate issue of

ousters.

These points will be dealt herein below, but as a summary it can be stated that

a. Society status needs an improvement because the unemployed youths are in

majority, agricultural employment is limited, and future is bleak without such

Industrial developmental efforts.

b. Heritage structures are too far away as to get any impact and


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c. This site being already in the possession of Proponents and made Industrial, question

of Rehabilitation does not now arise.

A. Society Status: The earlier Chapter Three serves to describe in details the existing

Social Status in details as to Population (decadal growth, sex ratio, village sizes, literacy

rate), Transportation & Communication (bus stop or a railway station, road network,

surfacing), Public Health (Medical facilities, Primary Health Centre, Primary Health Sub

centre, dispensaries, attending Registered Practitioners)Drinking water, Land Use

Pattern (irrigation area, land cultivable but waste and land not available for

cultivation), Agriculture (Kharif, Rabbi and perennial), Animal Husbandry, employment,

and industries. It is stated at all the levels like the State, District, Tehsil and the Study

Area of 10km radius around. The needs of developmental efforts are arrived and on

that background, this Project may be seen.

B. Employment & Wages:Coming nearer to the study zone of 10km diameter, we find –

The Total worker percentage in vocations of agriculture in the study area is overall

comparable (though slightly higher) with the Tahsil figures

The Total worker percentage in vocations other than agriculture is low as compared

with both the Tehsil and the districts.

In Agricultural vocation, too women participation is lower as cultivator, but higher as

labour. In marginal employment, however female are engaged. However this is

exploitation without any financial intendance to women.

There appears to be low for dependable livelihood for other avenues as livestock,

forestry, fishing, hunting, plantation, orchards & allied activities, mining-quarrying,

Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing & Repairs in Household Industries,

Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing & Repairs in other than Household Industries,

construction, trade & commerce, transport-storage & communication and other

services at present.

All this leads to one conclusion that industrialization or activities of construction has to be

stepped up


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To provide more livelihood

To provide Male employment with Women participation

By this activity of disciplined industry, the land use pattern is not affected much.

C. Rehabilitation:The proposal is unique in the sense that –

The land is already in possession with good faith.

The extent of required land is limited

The land is not prime agricultural land, which can utilized for the new proposal aims a

There is no uncared ousters or displaced person here

No rehabilitation or resettlement remains to be done on the above background.

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CHAPTER 8–PROJECT BENEFITS

It is seen that the Project is aimed to fulfill the objective of Sustainable Development. It will

certainly improve social status. In what way and to what extent this will reach is submitted

herein below.

8.1 Improvements in the physical infrastructure

This Project will improve the physical infrastructure of this area.

It will not disturb the existing pattern of drainage, because the building construction

is not massive. It is more a steel structure not preventing the natural flow of rain

water. There will neither be any inundation nor any erosion. As roof rain harvesting is

proposed, there will not be any incremental run-off causing floods downstream.

Rain harvesting will improve the groundwater table. On the other hand no

groundwater is consumed by us as we are either dependent on authorized surface

water source or on recycled wastewater after full treatment. The enhanced

groundwater will be indeed useful to the surrounding farmers who are down

gradient. The green crops in their fields on such groundwater will improve the

physical infrastructure.

The industry is dependent on raw materials and helping chemicals, which arrives by

road. The finished goods too is dispatched by goods. All the labour force will come by

road. Thus we shall have to maintain the roads in good conditions. Road connectivity

thus will improve. This improved physical infrastructure will be an added facility to

the community for surface transport.

Greening drive in the premises will give a pleasant look to the land. It will absorb

some portion of the CO2 produced by fuel burning (utilities). For greening fresh water

is not proposed to be used. The treated wastewater will be recycled and its CNPK

contents will be useful as nutrients. Canopy of trees will arrest dust fugitive SPM as

well as the noise.

When we are developing our own tree plantation, concept of bio-diversity will be kept

in mind. This will need many species. These will be made available to us only through


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nursery. Nursery once so established will be useful in turn for others too who need.

The nursery available with us may inspire others to plant more trees in this area in

their compounds. This physical infrastructure will available to them.

Whether by a particular activity the physical infrastructure is improving or

deteriorating is best judged by the change in prevailing land prices. Generally the land

prices get appreciated based on two factors namely (1) the comfort that it offers and

(2) the occupation that it serves. On both these counts, this distillery activity

downstream of nearby sugar units is desirable. This consideration is also reflected

when the people are contacted to know about their opinion on the new venture here.

8.2 Improvements in the social infrastructure

This Project will improve the social infrastructure of this area.

It will not disturb the existing pattern of social relations and democratic set up. In the

District similar industries are already running their units over the years. These are

not only running with efficiency but are running with no disturbance from the local

people. Local people have even encouraged the expansion of such mills for

production. The same is the case for diversification. This mainly because they are

accepted by local culture, without any disturbance to the existing pattern of social

relations or hierarchy. Likewise the same Grampanchayat continues with same

members and it gets support from this unit and the unit gets encouragement from the

Grampanchayat. The peoples’ democratic set up is undisturbed.

It is evident from a short history, that the Zilla Parishad has become somewhat

stronger since the inception of similar units in the district here. The proponent’s

management consists of good-meaning people. They will employ proper sons of the

soil without discrimination, wherever feasible. The buildings of the unit have

significant ratable value and substantial raw material comes into the premises of local

body. The Proponent’s management keeps the transparent account. This will further

enhance with diversification and the Grampanchayat will have a continued benefit of

taxes and cess.


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Time management is of importance especially in industrialized community though

may not be so in agriculture oriented society. In rural background much of the time

and energy is wasted in reaching from one place to another. This is due to lack of swift

mode of transport. By the presence of this industry, number of vehicles in this area

will generally improve (both private and public-owned). This will help shorten the

time reaching destination and utilize it for some fruitful productive work. As people

will more know about the importance of time, more vehicles will come on the roads.

Society and this Industry are interdependent. Industry gets strength from the

villagers and get livelihood and amenity support. Both of them can get better future.

To maintain this continuity, this is based on “Symbiosis”, as also timely funds.

The rural economy is found generally dwindling because farmers depend only on one

single source of livelihood namely conventional agriculture. With support of funds

and amenities by our help, perhaps they will have more purchasing power and more

use of domestic animals. The increased greenery and farming with support of the

grass production can increase and animal husbandry will enhance. Buffalos, sheep

and poultry can be a good business and work for ladies and elderly persons.

Upliftment of rural sector is slow because of lack of amenities and facilities. If there is

a nucleus of industry or steady support of money-flow, such utilities can come to that

area and sustain. By presence of similar units, already we are seeing the availability of

Banking services and Government Post Office. With the advent of unit like ours, these

services will be used more and more advance facilities will come to the horizon.

Firefighting tenders will be now more easily available as also the Police Protection.

In the study zone of 10km radius, there was previously hardly any purchasing power

and people had hardly any materials for sale. As a result even weekly bazaar markets

were very scanty. It is now foreseen that there will be a well disciplines bazaar in the

vicinity either to sell or purchase the needed commodities, without waiting for weekly

bazaar or walking over there. The agricultural implements, agro-chemicals and

vehicles will be in more demand and village grown milk products, vegetables and

agricultural proceeds can be for sale.


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Education level goes along with flow of funds and avenue of livelihood. Dependence

on Government subsidy also goes along with political stability of the area. The level of

education and literacy (especially rural and women) is very poor, needing

improvement. This activity by this Proponent will certainly play a catalytic role in this.

Likewise the health level goes along with flow of funds and avenue of livelihood.

Dependence on Government institutes like PHC (Primary Health Centre) also goes

along with political stability of the area. The level of health and medication (especially

children and women) is very poor, needing improvement. This activity by this

Proponent will certainly play a catalytic role in this.

Health awareness and economic independence may also help in Family Planning

decision-making.

What is stated above about the human health is equally true about animal husbandry

and veterinary assistance. This may improve now.

Living in harmony is an important aspect of the society. This can happen only if all the

components are comfortably placed. Persons engaged in their respective vocation and

accruing job satisfaction leads to this. This will become possible by this venture.

It may not be out of place if we point out that the sister concerns of some of our

directors have already demonstrated their interest in community development. The

group is associated with local social bodies, educational institutes, credit societies and

developmental societies. The corporate social responsibility initiatives are focused on

employees, the community around its facilities and the environment. Running of the

activities include

o Running of community centers which employ the wives of the employees, where

they are provided vocational training to make them self-sufficient and uniforms

and hand gloves stitched by them can be used here.

o Activities conducted by the employees focus on three groups: women, senior

citizens and underprivileged children wherein each department in the company

adopt an institution around here. These are schools, old age homes and remand

homes.


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o Unit will actively support the efforts of primary education to children of

economically weaker section of society.

o On the environment front active drives of tree plantations across villages and

training lectures in-house undertaken

o Construction of Hospital, Shopping Centre and Community Hall, in steps.

8.3 Employment potential – skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled

The industry and its supporting activity need many types of people right from manual to

managerial strength, in a pyramid. The raw material carting may need unskilled workers

with people on tractors tankers, trucks and tractor repairers as skilled ones. So in

manufacturing activity all three types i.e. skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled people are

required. The overall potential including the garages, loading-unloading actions, eateries,

small shop owners is substantial. The local people can get a good share out of this. In the

factory, science and technology prevails and there some outsiders will have to be engaged

at least for the time being. If the second generation local people acquire that skill, they too

will be able to fill the gap and accrue benefit of higher jobs. If the activity becomes stable by

that time, perhaps expansion may become possible further and then employment

availability may further enhance.

It can be stated that by this activity employment potential is certainly increasing in all

walks of life – skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled

8.4 Other tangible benefits

Both tangible and non-tangible benefits will result from this activity and many of those are

described above. Apart from direct employment, many other benefits will accrue like

Flood control by rain-water arresting, and harvesting

Groundwater level enhancing by recharging

Time saving by quicker transport

Aesthetics improvement by general greening with emphasis on biodiversity

Availability of nursery facilitates plantation


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Developed economy strengthens democratic set-up.

Strengthened democratic set-up will bring weightage to secure better school-subsidy

and health-institutes

Developed economy brings with it literacy and healthful living.

Improved safety-security in surrounding with better Law and Order.

Symbiosis and sustainable development will be the ultimate objective.

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CHAPTER 9–ENVIRONMENTAL COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 Introduction

Industry while making production also generates pollution. Production is beneficial to the

Industry. Pollution is a diseconomy to the general public, by way of mal-effect on health

and well-being. Industry is asked to internalize this external diseconomy by designing

pollution mitigation measures. Then this is an extra cost to the Industry. However, if this

cost is supported by the Industry then benefit will go to the public around. This is a cost-

benefit relation. Cost and benefit are in inverse proportion. More mitigation cost to

Industry is more benefit to society. Less mitigation cost to Industry is benefit saving to

Industry but adverse to society. Best solution is Industry gets the production (albeit with

lesser margin due to spending on environmental protection) and society gets the benefit

(from employment and reasonably safe environment). This also comes under overall

justification for the project.

9.2 If recommended at the Scoping stage

MoEF&CC in its Scoping stage has not asked the Proponents to dwell on the cost-benefit

aspect. However, briefly this can be mentioned that this study has taken full responsible

care to see that the Industry does not wish to gain profit at the cost of comfort of the

society. In fact it is the endeavor of the Proponents;

To reduce the pollution created by this new factory by utilizing it in the boilers, and to

recycle as usable matter.

In the final analysis (1) society to get pollution-free environment, (2) neighboring

people getting useful amenities and (3) Indian community getting useful material as

Alcohol and Power.

This could be a win-win situation with benefit to Proponents, benefit to the Public and

no (or low) harm to the environment. More of this finds place in Chapter Ten.

All this is possible for which Environment Management Plan as worked out is

scrupulously obeyed.


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Voluntary Submission: However, briefly this can be mentioned that this study has taken full responsible care to see

that the proponent group does not wish to gain profit at the cost of comfort of the society.

In fact it is the endeavor of the Proponents;

To keep transparent relations with the neighbors in the area

To strengthen the Grampanchayat democratic set up, by paying taxes.

Not to disturb any prime agricultural land

Not to encroach on others’ existing water source

Not to overload the existing power supply, causing load-shedding to the villagers

To remove the barrenness of the land and prevent wasting of rainwater.

To Recharge the groundwater

To strengthen the physical infrastructure

To create greenery within our premises and even outside to some extent

To reduce the wastewater pollution created by this new activity by utilizing it (1) as

boiler feed after concentration, (2) as recycled water for other purposes, and (3)

organic solid waste as manure in our own fields as water to grow plantation and

landscaping.

To reduce the solid waste pollution created by this new activity by utilizing it in the

fields of our own community land development.

In the final analysis society to get pollution-free environment, farmers to get cash

payment to their sales proceeds (whether crop, vegetables, milk etc) and Proponent

getting comfortable peaceful neighbors for his residents.

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CHAPTER 10–ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

10.1 Introduction

Environment Management is a crucial segment of Industrial Management, in view of the

global concept of sustainable development. Apart from the social obligation, the industries

are required to meet a series of statutory norms laid by Government bodies. Better

environment management means less waste generation, better resources management

leading to cost savings. Further, it gives a better public image. Therefore, preparation of

Environmental Management Plan is a must to fulfill bifocal aspect of the statutory

compliance as well as that of social concern.

Water needs of proposed expansion plant may be reasonably low, but generally this

resource is declining. Thus, on one hand one should use it less and on the other the source

should not be left polluted for others. Air environment needs to be continuously managed,

because man needs inhalation every moment, so also is Flora and Fauna dependent on it.

The biological aspects, soil and ground water are all interdependent. Thus, there is a need

of proper environmental management and a conscious plan for it.

In this respect efforts are oriented towards:

Bagasse of sugar unit is used as a fuel for boiler

Spent wash will be used for biocomposting

Press mud will be used in agriculture field as an manure

Treated effluent will be used for green belt development & agricultural purposes.

Effluent (cooling tower blowdown, backwash) remaining is further used for green

belt development & agricultural purposes.

10.2 Objectives of Environmental Management Plan

i. To define the components of environmental management.

ii. To prepare an environmental hierarchy.

iii. To prepare a checklist for statutory compliance.

iv. To prepare environmental organization.


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v. To prepare a schedule for monitoring and compliance.

vi. To establish a watchdog committee voluntarily.

10.3 Checklist of Statutory Obligations

There are a number of environmental statutes required to be attained by the industries.

ASSKL shall obey the provisions of all relevant Acts, Rules, Notifications and Orders.

The checklist of these obligations, which facilitates the obedience of the laws of land are

given below:

a) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974;

b) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977;

c) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981;

d) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986;

e) Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986;

f) Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2003;

g) EIA Notification 2006.

10.4 Environmental Management Cell (EMC)

An Environment Management Cell shall be developed by an effective mixing of a group of

technical experts from various departments of the project to look after the all obligatory

requirements and shall be responsible for the effective implementation of all

environmental pollution control measures.

It will be the responsibility of this Cell to supervise the monitoring of environmental

attributes viz. ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise level etc either

departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary.

In case the monitored results of environmental contaminants are found to exceed the

standard limits, the Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial measures and

get them implemented.

The functions of Environmental Management Cell will be as follows:


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Obtaining Consent Order from the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board.

Environmental monitoring.

Analysis of environmental data, preparation and submission of reports to statutory

authorities, Corporate Centre etc.

Co-ordination with statutory bodies, functional groups of the station, head office etc.

Interactions for evolving and implementation of modification programs to improve

the availability/ efficiency of pollution control devices / systems.

Conducting Environmental Appraisal (Internal) and Environmental Audit

The cell shall be headed by the Plant In charge as shown in Figure 9.1 There should be one

SHE manager, who will report to plant in charge and will be assisted by chemist

environment and environment & safety officer.

Figure No. 9.1 Environment Management Cell for distillery

Plant In charge

Distillery Manager

SHE Manager

Environment & Safety Officer

Chemist-Environment


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10.5 Environmental management plan: Construction Phase

Environment impacts during construction phase will be mainly due to civil works such as

site clearing, foundation, construction, material and machinery transportation etc. The

construction phase impact will be temporary in nature and localized phenomena except the

permanent change in land-use pattern at the project site.

10.5.1 Site Preparation

The development of site for erections of plant structure, office building and other allied

activities will require careful management planning as the construction activities shall be

located in barren land owned by the project proponent. Therefore, construction site

development process should incorporate certain precautions.

It is necessary to control the dust nuisance, through regular water sprinkling, that would be

created by excavation, leveling and transportation activities so that impacts on the various

components of environment would be minimized.

10.5.2 Construction Equipment and Waste

Transport vehicles as well as transport routes will be properly maintained during whole

construction phase to minimize smoke / dust emission from vehicle exhausts and unpaved

roads. Composite solid wastes including metal scrap, earthwork, other wastes, getting

generated in construction process will be disposed off in safe manner.


The construction of proposed plant would result in the increase of SPM concentrations due

to fugitive dust. Frequent water sprinkling in the vicinity of the construction sites would be

undertaken and will be continued after the completion of plant construction as there is

scope for heavy truck mobility. It will be ensured that both gasoline and diesel powered

vehicles are properly maintained to comply with exhaust emission requirements.


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10.5.4 Noise Environment

There will be marginal increase in noise levels during construction phase which is

temporary. No construction activities are planned during night time which may contribute

to the existing baseline.

10.5.5 Water Environment

During construction, provision for infra-structural services including water supply, sewage,

drainage facilities and electrification will be made. The construction site would be provided

with suitable toilet facilities for the workers to allow proper standards of hygiene. These

facilities would be connected to a septic tank and settlement tank and maintained to ensure

minimum impact on the environment.

10.5.6Safety & Health

Adequate space will be provided for construction of temporary sheds for construction

workers mobilized by the contractors. Potable water supply will be provided for the

construction workers. The safety department will supervise the safe working of the

contractor and their employees. Work spots will be maintained clean, provided with

optimum lighting and enough ventilation to eliminate dust/fumes.

10.6 Environmental Management Plan: operation Phase

Environmental Management Plan is detailed under the following heads:

1. Air Quality Management

2. Noise Management

3. Waste Water Management

4. Solid & Hazardous Waste Management

5. Energy Conservation

6. Greenbelt Development & Plantation Programme

7. Occupational Health & Safety Measures.


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10.6.1 Air Quality Management

The major pollutants of air in a distillery are the particulate matters from the stack and

fugitive emissions due to material handling.

The monitored ambient air quality has been found to be very much within the norms

established by the regulating agency such as Central Pollution Control Board. However, to

maintain the existing status and minimize the impact due to the proposed project

operations the following steps would be initiated for a better air environment:

The emission characteristics should also be monitored regularly.

At plant periphery as well as in-between spaces, recommended plant species should

be grown in a manner that such small green patches act as a part of green belt to

trap dust being emitted from fuel combustion and /or fugitive sources and also

attenuate the other gaseous pollutants.

The control of fugitive emission such as hydrocarbons from DG sets, process

units/storage, the following measures are recommended:

o Proper maintenance and clearing of the roads inside the plant to avoid excess

fugitive dust generation

o Raw materials and ash disposal trucks should be covered to stop dust emission

o Monitor the consented parameters at ambient station.

o Monitor the work zone at various stations to satisfy the corporate requirements

for health and environment.

Stack Emissions

The following measures will be adopted for the control of emissions from the stacks of the

proposed unit.

The height of the stack will be 60 m for proposed 10 TPH boiler as per CPCB Norms


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Suitably designed ESP with efficiency of 99.9 % will be placed downstream of the

stack which will separate out the incoming dust in flue gas so as to maintain the

emissions PM (50 mg/Nm3) at the outlet of the stack.

Stack emissions will be regularly monitored by external agencies on periodic basis to

check the efficiency of air polluting control devices and necessary action

Fugitive Emission Management

Sources of fugitive emission:

Material Storage: Dust may be generated here due to carryover by wind. However, to

avoid this, material will be kept in covered location, preferably in silos or covered shed.

Transportation:Transportation of material like coal and ash shall be done carefully,

preferably in covered belt conveyor to avoid dust emission. Movement of heavy

trucks/vehicles on the non-metallic road generates substantial quantity of dust emission.

This is due to the presence of dust over the road, which is carried away by wind. To control

the generation of dust, all the roads inside the plant premises will be tar roads. Regular

sweeping of all the roads and floors is being done by vacuum sweeper. Sprinkling of water

through tankers is being done on bare lands and roads.

The following measures will be adopted to control the fugitive emissions:

The dust generated from vehicular traffic during operation phase will be suppressed

by providing adequate water spray systems.

All vehicles and their exhausts will be well maintained and will be regularly

monitored for emission generated from the vehicle exhaust;

Provide wheel washers for vehicles to remove particulate matter that would

otherwise be carried offsite by vehicles that would decrease deposition of particulate

matter on area roads and subsequent entrainment from those roads.

To control of the airborne fugitive emissions from the ash handling area will be

achieved through regular water sprinkling in this area.


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The green belt development at ash handling areas will be undertaken.

Avenue plantation and green belt development will be undertaken in the operation

phase.

10.6.2 Noise & odour Management

Exposure of high noise level to workers for long duration may lead to certain occupational

diseases. To mitigate the high noise level, following measures are being adopted. The same

will be practiced for proposed expansion also. Odour management shall also be undertaken

Walls and ceilings of the concerned buildings are lined with sound absorbing

materials.

Properly insulated enclosures are provided to equipment making excessive noise.

Improved silencers are provided in the equipment generating high noise.

Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at regular intervals is being

done to reduce generation of noise.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) like earplugs and earmuffs is being provided to

the workers exposed to high noise level.

Area having high noise level being displayed at site with Noise level and signage for

usages of Personal Protective Equipments (PPE’s).

Green Belt of appropriate width inside the plant premises and at the plant boundary

has been developed and same will be maintained in future.

Regular monitoring of noise level is being carried out and corrective measures in

concerned machinery are being adapted accordingly to the possible extent.

The ambient Odour level and work zone Odour level shall be monitored by sensing.

Awareness will be created for Odour attenuation and mitigation.


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10.6.3 Water Management

i. Waste Water Management

Effluent generated during process is categorized in 3 different streams, namely Sober

(Low COD, Low TDS), Moderate (medium COD and TDS) and Spent wash (High BOD)

effluent.

Sober and Moderate wastewater is treated in Tertiary ETP and reused for operations

like cooling and for green belt.

240 m3/day Spent wash will be passed to MEE to recover water that can be reused.

Remaining concentrated Spent wash will be mixed with pressmud : biocomposting

Domestic waste water generated from colony & plant office will be treated in STP and

treated water will be utilized for greenbelt development / plantation and cooling.

No effluent will be discharged outside the plant premises.

ii. Water Conservation

The following measures will be adopted to minimize use of fresh water:

Re-use of effluent and domestic wastewater

Periodic preventive maintenance of water distribution systems

Rain water harvesting at plant site and colony

Training and awareness on water conservation measures

10.6.4 Solid and hazardous Waste Management

Solid waste generated shall be recycled, reused or disposed off as per norms.

Yeast sludge shall be mixed with ash and used for composting

Bio-degradable waste from colony and canteen and garden trash shall be used as

manure.

Non-biodegradable and office waste shall be sent to authorized recycler


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Waste oil drums shall be sent to authorized recyclers

Waste oil shall be used for greasing

10.6.5 Concept of Waste Minimization

3R (Reuse, recycle and recover), energy and resource conservation

i. Reuse and recycle

Treated waste water from STP, ETP and MEE condensate will be reused for greenbelt

development / plantation and cooling tower.

Yeast sludge and boiler ash shall be used as fertilizer after composting

ii. Recover

STP and ETP sludge will be used as manure

Spent wash will be used for biomethanation and biomenthanated spent wash passing

thorugh MEE , condensate will be treated at CPU and concentrated sent wash will be

used for biocomposing .

iii. Energy Conservation

Installation of energy efficient lightings. Use of energy saving light fittings

Procurement of energy efficient machineries

Minimizing idle running of vehicle, machines and electrical appliances

Optimizing loads and periodic preventive maintenance & lubrication

Prevention of leakages

Periodic energy audits

Training, awareness and motivational programmes.

iv. Natural Resource Conservation

Bagasse will be used as primary fuel for 10 TPH biller , which otherwise is a waste

Rain water harvesting shall be done in the factory premises

Wastewater shall be recycled so that fresh water requirement will be reduced

10.6.6 Green belt development

Special attention is planned to maintain green belt in and around the factory

premises.


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Adequate provisions shall be made to facilitate daily watering of all plants and lawns.

Special attention provided during summer to ensure that the green belt does not

suffer from water shortage.

Development & maintenance of green belt to be considered as a priority issue.

No outside soil is brought for any building/ greenery developments.

a. Plantation Program: Within 5 years after commencement of the distillery unit, 33% of

the land shall be brought under green belt. The factory already has green belt

development plan in place for its existing unit. It shall be extended for proposed unit

as well. 10-15m wide green belt shall be developed around the periphery of factory and 1-2

lines of trees shall be planted along the both sides of internal roads. Trees shall also be

planted around distillery plant, coal yard, ash storage, boiler room etc.

b. Guidelines for Green Belt Development: Following guidelines are being/will be followed

for the Green Belt Development Plan in the plant and colony area.

a) All the barren areas should be vegetated. Areas other than this are having good natural

vegetation. Soil and other environment are very encouraging and the expected growth

rate should be more than 90%.

b) Trees growing to a height of 5m or more should be planted.

c) Plantation of trees should be undertaken in around the area in alternating rows to

prevent horizontal pollution dispersion.

d) Trees should be planted along road sides, to arrest auto-exhaust and noise pollution, and

insuch a way that there is no direct line of sight to the installation when viewed from a

pointoutside the foliage perimeter.

e) Since tree trunks are normally devoid of foliage (upto 3 m), it should be appropriate to

haveshrubbery in form of such trees to give coverage to this portion.

f) Fast growing trees with thick perennial foliage should be grown, as it will take many

yearsfor trees to grow to their full height.

g) In consultation with the local DFO the plant species which has been proposed to be

plantedare Wad (banyan tree), Pimpal, Coconut, Mango, Neem and other local trees.


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In order to facilitate the proper growth of vegetation, limited measures involving

preparation of seed bed with suitable amount of fertilizers and treatment with mulches are

taken. The topsoil should be used for green belt development. Vegetation covers in and

around the plant workings generally helps in:

Stabilizing erodible slopes to minimize pollution.

Control of dust.

Control of noise and odour

Enhancement of aesthetic value.

Maximizing evapo-transpiration, which helps minimizing run off.

Existing Green Belt;

Existing green belt area: 13 ha

Table 10.1 Existing plantaion at project site

No Botanical name Local Name Number

1 Azadirachta indica Neem 500

2 Cocos nucifera Cocunut 1000

3 Bauhinia variegata Kanchan 500

4 Ficus benghalensis Vad 500

5 Bambusa vulgaris Bamboo 2500

Total 5000


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Table No. 10.2 Plant Species Suggested for Green Belt Development

Sr. No.

Species Name Local Name Habit

1. Annona squamosa L. Sitaphal Tree

2. Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd. Ashok Tree

3. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Bel Tree

4. Limonia acidissima L. Kavath Tree

5. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. Kadipatta Tree

6. Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del Hingan Tree

7. Azadirachta indica Linn. Neem Tree

8. Ziziphus jujuba L. Bor Tree

9. Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. Ghati Bor Tree

10. Mangifera indica L. Amba Tree

11. Moringa oleifera Lam Shevaga Tree

12. Butea monosperma L. Palas Tree 13. Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Karanj Tree 14. Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. Sisoo Tree 15. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Shankasur Tree

16. Tamarindus indica L. Chinch Tree 17. Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. Khair Tree 18. Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. Hivar Tree

19. Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Shami Tree

20. Terminalia catappa L. Badam Tree

21. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jambhul Tree

22. Carica papaya L. Papaya Tree

23. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. Saptaparni Tree

24. Plumeria alba L. Chapha Tree

25. Tectona grandis L.f. Sag Tree

26. Phyllanthus emblica L. Avala Tree

27. Ricinus communis L. Erand Tree

28. Ficus benghalensis L. Wad Tree 29. Ficus microcarpa L.f. Nandruk Tree 30. Ficus religiosa L. Pimpal Tree

31. Ficus racemosa L. Umbar Tree

32. Phoenix sylvestris Roxb Shindi Tree

33. Caryota urens L. Fish Tail Palm Tree

34. Dendrocalamus strictus Nees Velu Herb

35. Nyctanthus arbor-tristis L. Parijatak Tree


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Sr. No.

Species Name Local Name Habit

36. Bombax ceiba Linn. Katesawar Tree

List of Some Hedge Plants

37. Justicia adhatoda L. Adulsa Shrub

38. Nerium indicum Mill. Kanher Shrub

39. Tecoma stans (L.) H.B.& K. Phutani Shrub

40. Ocimum americanum L. Ran Tulas Herb

41. Vitex negundo L. Nirgudi Shrub

42. Euphorbia barnhartii Crozati Nivdung Shrub

43. Agave cantula Roxb Ghayapat Shrub

44. Cassia auriculata L. Tarwad Shrub

45. Hibiscus indicus Burm. F. Hochr Jasvand Shrub

46. Calotropis gigantea (L.) Ait. Rui Shrub

Features of Green belt

Suitable tree species will be planted in the green belt.

This will act as a noise barrier and would also reduce the air pollution

Plantation will also Improve the aesthetic backdrop of the site

As far as possible, the species should be indigenous and locally available Species would be

planted.

Tree plantation is known for improving the aesthetic and climatological environment of the

area. Properly designed green belt would help in abating air pollution up to a significant

degree. To make the proposed unit complex verdant, healthy and hazard proof, requisite

plantation at proper locations is needed with particular emphasis on aesthetics, protection

against noise, odor and fugitive emissions.

The locations in the proposed unit where vegetal covers are required to be provided are:

Along the outermost boundary, wherever possible

Along road and pathways

Along the Effluent Treatment Plant areas


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Green belt Development plan is to develop 2 ha of total site as green zone.

Execution Plan of Greeen Belt

Year No. Plants Cost in Lakh 1st year 500 5.0 2nd year 500 5.0 3rd year 500 5.0 4th year 250 2.5 5th year 250 2.5 Total 2000 20.0


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10.6.7 Occupational Health & Safety

a. Occupational Health

Occupational health needs attention both during construction & erection and operation &

maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the

above phases.

Construction & Erection: The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can

mainly be due to constructional accident and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition

to arrangements to reduce it within TLV’s personal protective devices should also be

supplied to workers.

Operation and Maintenance: The problem of occupational health, in the operation and

maintenance phase is due to respirable dust and noise. With suitable engineering controls

the exposures can be reduced to less than TLV limits and proper personnel protective

devices should be given to employees. The working personnel should be given the

following appropriate personnel protective devices.

Industrial safety helmet;

Crash helmets;

Face shield with replacement acrylic vision;

Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends;

Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue colour glasses;

Chemical goggles;

Welders equipment for eye & face protection;

Cylindrical type earplug;

Ear muffs;

Dust masks;

Canister gas mask;

Self contained breathing apparatus;

Leather apron;


191

Aluminized fiber glass fix proximity suit with hood and gloves;

Boiler suit;

Safety belt/lime man’s safety belt;

Leather hand gloves;

Asbestos hand gloves;

Acid/alkali proof rubberized hand gloves;

Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm;

Lead hand glove;

Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves;

Industrial safety shoes with steel toe;

Rubber boots (alkali resistant); and

Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots.

Full-fledged hospital facilities should be made available round the clock for attending

emergency arising out of accidents, if any. All working personnel should be medically

examined at least once in every year and at the end of his term of employment. This is in

addition to the pre-employment medical examination.

b. Safety Plan

Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern.

The preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as

emergency plan. The disaster in the plant is possible due to leakage of hazardous

chemicals, collapse of structures and fire/explosion etc. Keeping in view the safety

requirement during construction, operation and maintenance phases, steel plant has

formulated safety policy with the following regulations:

To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work;

To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design,

construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and equipment;

To ensure that adequate safety instruction are given to all employees;

To provide wherever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing, and to

ensure their proper use;


192

To inform employees about materials equipment or processes used in their work which are

known to be potentially hazardous to health or safety;

To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary

changes from the point of view of safety in the light of experience and up to date knowledge;

To provide appropriate facilities for fist aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness at

work;

To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees in

health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters;

To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate firefighting

service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this service;

To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and incident

involving personnel injury or injury to health with a view to taking corrective, remedial and

preventive action;

To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and safety

matters to ensure effective participation by all employees;

To publish/notify regulations, instruction and notices in the common language of employees;

To prepare separate safety rules for each types of occupation/processes involved in a project;

and

To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all

buildings, equipment, work places and operations.

c. Safety Organization

Construction & Erection Phase: A qualified and experienced safety officer will be

appointed. The responsibilities of the safety officers include identification of the hazardous

conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advice on corrective actions, conduct safety

audit, organize training programs and provide professional expert advice on various issues

related to occupational safety and health. He is also responsible to ensure compliance of

works safety rules/statutory provisions.

Operation & Maintenance Phase: When the construction is completed the posting of

safety officers should be in accordance with the requirement of factories act and their

duties and responsibilities should be as defined thereof.


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Occupational Health Surveillance

In Distillery unit, the occupational health surveillance of the employee shall be done on a

regular basis and records of the same shall be maintained as per the Factory Act. The

occupational health surveillance program will include lung function; sputum analysis and

audiometric analysis on regular basis to observe any contraction due to exposure to dust

and noise and corrective measures will be taken accordingly.

Vocational training programs will be conducted. Under vocational training, the workers

will be given training related to all safety and health aspects pertaining to their vocation

and thereafter, every quarter special training courses/ awareness program for Malaria

eradication, HIV and health effects on exposure to dust, heat, noise, chemicals will be

organized for employed person. Periodical medical camps with specialized doctors of

various disciplines will also be held to provide the specialized medical assistance to

employees as well as neighboring communities.

All workers will be insisted to have appropriate Personal Protective Equipment at all times

within the premises like

Industrial Safety helmets, Crash helmets

Face shield

Zero power Safety goggles & Gas Cutting Goggles

Welders equipment for eye and face protection i.e. welding shield

Ear muffs and Ear Plugs

Full body Safety harness

Leather hand gloves, Electrical hand gloves, Heat Resistive hand gloves, Chemical hand gloves

& Cut resistance hand gloves

Safety net, Barricading net

Industrial safety shoes with steel toe, Gum boots

Retractable and fall arrestors

Leather apron, Reflective Jackets, Protective clothing, etc.


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During operation stage, dust, gas cutting, welding may cause hazards, micro-ambient

conditions near border, platforms etc. Periodical examination of workers’ occupational

health is necessary.

Table 0.1:Health Evaluation Matrix

S. No.

Occupation Type of

Evaluation

Frequency Pre-placement & Thereafter

Age <30 every(year)

Age 30-40 every (Year)

Age 41-50 every (year)

1 Cane crushing area Chest X-ray, Spirometry & vision testing

5 4 2

2 Sugar Process area & Co-generation Area

Chest X-ray, Spirometry & vision testing

5 4 2

3 Main Control Room Far & Near Vision, colour vision and hearing test

5 4 2

4 Ash & Coal handling area

Chest X-ray, Spirometry, vision & Hearing testing

5 4 2

5 Noise prone area Audiometry Annually

Note: All workers engaged in material handling system will be regularly examined for lung

diseases such as PFT (Pulmonary Function Test) and regarding Liver.

For the present, it is found that the situation is within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). In

order to maintain the same, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within

PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved is mentioned. For future work, namely

exposure specific health status evaluation of worker, we propose to conduct health

evaluation on a pre-designed format for chest X rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision

testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect), ECG during pre-

placement and periodical examinations as per Factory Act & Rules, as detailed above. This

will be for future working when alcohol manufacturing is involved, with an aim of

maintaining OHS standards as per OSHAS/USEPA. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the

occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers is separately earmarked.

d. Provision for Occupational Health and Safety


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Every worker will undergo medical tests before being employed. Periodic testing shall also

be conducted by this hospital/ lab. Qualified Doctor will be employed by company on full-

time basis, who will monitor workers health and conduct routine check-up.Every worker

shall be insured with Health insurance and Life Insurance by reputed insurance company.

e. Work-zone Comfort Environment:

The work zone temperature and humidity levels shall be monitored.

Sensors will be installed in sensitive areas to record ambient air quality

Facilities like toilets, rest rooms, sanitation, canteen, recreational area shall be

provided for workers as well as truck drivers, cleaners and contract labors

The work zone will be spacious with appropriate air circulation

10.6.8 Corporate Social Responsibilty (CSR)

Company has responsibility towards the people residing in the vicinity. To help the nearby

villages, company has separate fund established, called “Corporate Social Responsibility”,

which is 2.5% of the proposed project cost as per the Government Rules. This CSR is

designed after taking into consideration the view of public

Education and Boarding for children of Workers

Seminars and training for farmers

Health camp, medical facilities

Tree plantation and providing saplings

Women empowerment

Vocational training for youth

Funds for facilities in village and surrounding area

Funds to Chief Minister/Prime Minister Relief Fund

The total project cost is Rs. 4988 lakhs. 2.5 percent of the total cost it becomes Rs. 125

lakhs approx. Company has proposed Rs. 125 lakhs as CSR fund. These will be spent within

first 5 years

The CSR will be based on:


196

The proceedings of Public Hearing Consultation

The Company Act 2013 on CSR

Environmental Service Scheme (ESS) designed by Nodal Agency, Govt. of

Maharashtra

Consultation with Local Self-government and State Revenue Department

Collectively, the objective kept is;

Road development in nearby areas

Rain water harvesting in selected villages

Help for installing Drip irrigation

Solar street lights for villages

The proponent has decided to earmark 2.5% of the investment cost towards Enterprise

Social Commitment. This is based on Public Hearing issues and expectations from the

Government. This is a time-bound action plan for 5 years and is discussed with local self

Govt. and revenue Department.

10.6.9 Environmental Monitoring Schedule

Monitoring of the post project environment is of utmost importance and has legal

requirements. Regular monitoring of the environment helps in assessing the benefits of

implementation of environment management plan. ASSKL shall adopt an effective

monitoring plan with proper schedule as a step forward to ensure better environment

management practices. Details about Environmental Monitoring Schedule given in the

Chapter-6

The Capital Cost of Distillery project is Rs. 4998 Lakhs . Before the commission of the plant

the Environment Management Cell will be formed to take care of environmental issues

including plantation. The total capital cost for EMP will be Rs 5.0 Cr and O & M cost will be

2 cr - details are given in Table. 9.8.


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Table No. 9.8 Cost of Environmental Protection Measures

S. No. Environmental Aspect Capital

Expenditure Rs in Cr.

Recurring Expenditure Rs in

Cr.(per annum)

1 Emission control Engineering 0.95 0.50

2 Water & Wastewater management 1.50 1.00

3 Solid Waste 0.80 0.12

4 Greening Drive 0.70 0.10

5 Monitoring 0.30 0.10

6 Environmental Cell & PR 0.25 0.08

7 Other aspects like Rain Water Harvesting, Safety, Security etc.

0.50 0.10

Total 5.00 2.00

---00---


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CHAPTER 11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.1 Introduction:


Akole, Dist. –Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. is registered as cooperative society vide

ANR/AKL/PRG(A)/28(S)1989 dated 4th December 1989.

The existing installed crushing capacity of sugar unit was 2500 TCD and 1st crushing

season was conducted in 1992. . The sugar unit generates by-products viz. bagasse,

molasses and press mud. To be economically and environmentally sustainable it is

necessary for the sugar industries to convert these by-products into high value products.

Hence ASSKL proposed to establish molasses based distillery unit having capacity of

30KLPD within the existing premises of sugar unit.

As per EIA Notification S on 14th September 2006 issued by Ministry of Environment &

Forests, Govt. of India vide Gazette Notification No. S.O. 1533(E) dt: 14thSep.’2006, and

amended, the proposed 30 KLPD molasses based distillery shall be treated as Category–A;

Schedule 5 (g). Accordingly, the project proponent has submitted prescribed application

along with pre-feasibility report to the MoEF&CC New Delhi. The project was considered in

the 17th EAC meeting dated 28thDecember, 2016 And Terms of Reference has been

approved by EAC (vide letter F.No J-11011/329/2016-IA.II (I) dated 31st may 2017). Based

on the approved TOR and stanadard TOR, Environmental Impact Assessment studies are

carried out. Draft EIA and EMP report was prepared and submitted for public hearing

Consequently, Public Consultation/Public Hearing was conducted at project site by

Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) on 8th September 2018 under chairmanship

of Additional District Magistrate (RDC) of the District

11.2 Project Location:

The proposed project located at village Agastinagar, Tal- Akole, Dist – Ahmednagar,

Maharashtra. Site comes under Grampanchyat Agastinagar Jurisdiction. The site is located

at rural surroundings and is about 72.4 km from Railway Station (Shirdi) and 3.0km from

Akole(tehsil place), 4.0 km from river Pravara (flowing from North of site). It is


199

geographically located in 19°30'53.75"N latitudes and 74°00'18.62"E longitude. The

Clearance is obtained from Local Grampanchayat and hence will have public acceptability.

11.3 Project Description

Sr. Details Sugar Distillery Unit

1 Status Existing Proposed

2 Location Agastinagar, Tal- Akole, Dist

– Ahmednagar, Maharashtra.

Agastinagar, Tal- Akole, Dist

– Ahmednagar, aharashtra.

3 Capacity 2500 TCD 30 KLPD

4 Products Sugar Ethyl Alcohol /Absolute

Alcohol/Ethanol/ENA/ RS

5 Working days 160 270

6 Raw material Sugarcane Molasses

7 Quantity of raw

material

400000 MT 32400

8 Water source Pravara River Pravara River

9 Water

requirement

385 M3/day 400 M3/day

10 Land ha 52.21 ha

21.566 ha 6 ha

11 Green Belt 13 ha 2 ha

11.4 Basic Requirement

Land: The Company owns total 52.22 ha out of which for distillery require 6 ha of

land. The project will be accommodated in the existing factory premises.

o Raw Materail: Molasses is one of the waste products produced from sugar factory.

Molasses can be used as raw material for distillery. The resultant alcohol has

various uses in chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry and as Ethanol.

Distillery unit needs the raw material as molasses & this can be fulfilled by sugar

factory of our own. Total requirement of Molasses will be 32400 MT. 18000 MT


200

Molasses will be available from own sugar factory and remaining 14400 MT

molasses will be purchaged from nearer factories.

Water: Fresh Water demand is 400m3/day. Permission of Irrigation Department is

obtained. Water source is Pravara River.

Power: The steam and power requirement for the proposed ethanol plant will be

made available by installing separate 10 TPH boiler.

Fuel: Bagasse will be used as fuel for the 10 TPH boiler . bagasse requirement will be

fulfill from sugar facorty.

Man Power: During construction: 120 peak, short duration, during operation:

Distillery 64 Nos. (34 skilled and 30 unskilled for production and pollution control)

11.5 Pollution control Technology & Equipment:

Air Pollution Control: For 10 TPH boiler, stack height will be 60 m and ESP will be

provided to control the particulate matter

Water and waste Water: 240 M3/day spent wash will treated thorugh Bio-

methanation- evaporation – bio-composting and effluent stream treated by Bio-

oxidation and tertiary treatment. ETP (300 m3/day) is proposed.

Solid Waste: Concentrated spent at MEE will be mixed with press mud and used for

Biocomposting. Ash will be sold to brick manufacturing.

Total project cost: Rs. 47.96 Cr. (distillery unit), Funds allocated for pollution

control equipment will be Rs. 5.00 Crores and for O & M will be Rs. 2.00 Crores per

year. Funds earmarked for CSR activity will be Rs. 1.25 Crores.

11.6 Manufacturing Process:

Distillery: There are four major steps in preparation of alcohol. (a) Substrate (feed)

preparation for fermentation, (b) Yeast propagation and continuous fermentation, (c)

Multi-pressure distillation and (d) Dehydration of RS to anhydrous alcohol or it will be

purified to get ENA.


201

11.7 Description of Environment

The area around the proposed Distillery Plant is being surveyed for physical features and

existing environmental scenario. The field survey and baseline monitoring has been has been

done from the period of January 2017 to March 2017

Conducted baseline monitoring for Air, water, soil & noise for various locations within 10 Km.

Ambient Air Quality

Surface Water

Ground Water

Soil

Noise

Ecology and Biodiversity

Socio economic

Ambient air quality of the study area has been assessed during January 2017 to March

2017 through a network of Nine ambient air quality stations within an area of 10 km region

around the project site. After completion of baseline survey it was found that all ambient

air quality parameters are within the NAAQ standards of Central Pollution Control Board.

The high values of noise recorded in factory premises. The noise level at other is well within the

limit excep project site.

Surface and ground water in the study area is not polluted by any source during the study

period.

Overall it is observed that the soils of the region are good for agriculture. The site is located

in Zone-III as per the seismic map.

The study shows overall 53 plant species comprising of 31 trees, 6 shrubs, 12 herbs and 2

each climbers and grasses

Nine species of Mammals, 13 species of butterflies and 20 species of birds were recorded

in and around the periphery of the project during the study period.


202

The project site is located at Post Agastinagar, Tehsil Akole, Dist. Ahmednagar,

Maharashtra. The site is located at rural surroundings and is about 72.4 km from Railway

Station (Shirdi) and 3.0km from Akole (tehsil place), 4.0 km from river Pravara (flowing

from North of site).

According to recent censes (2011) while dealing study area (10 Km radius from project

site) the total population is 94556 in 19463 total households. Mail population is 48431 and

female population is 46125. Highest population in study area is Akola city (18278). People

in study area are mainly dependant on agriculture. For improving their status and avenue for

livelihood, industries like this are required.

11.8 Anticipated Environmental Impact and mitigation measures:

Water pollution: This is Zero Liquid Discharge unit. No water is discharged from the site to

surrounding area. The effluent is given physico-chemical treatment. Then this water is

combined with Moderate effluent which is treated with equalization, neutralization, aeration,

secondary clarifier and tertiary treatment.

Spent wash generated in proposed project will be used as for composting after biomethnation

and Concentration at MEE

Air pollution: Air pollution control equipment like ESP, ID Fan, dampers. Stack 60m height

will be installed.

Solid waste: Handling of solid waste is considered. Some of it is already proposed to be used

for good cause to serve as raw material or fuel or as manure. waste oilis the only hazardous

waste and can be used after separation a either for lubricating the carts or burnt in boiler along

with bagasse. Ash is useful for brick-making.

Noise: Sturdy foundation provided for machines, personal protective equipment like ear plugs

given to workers, tree belt as sound barrier around factory and sides cladding.

Green Belt: for proposed project 2ha land will be provided.

Socio-Economic Environment: The construction of the proposed project is expected to

provide temporary indirect employment to a good number of skilled and unskilled workers.

The project will contribute to the socio-economic development of the area at the local level in

turn reducing migration for employment. Hence the proposed project will have positive impact

on the socio-economic environment.

Likely impact of the project on air, water, land, flora-fauna and nearby population is kept very

minimal. The emissions in air are controlled by air pollution control equipment like efficient ESP,


203

dampers, ID Fans and tall Stack. Air modeling is done to study Ground Level Concentration. The

incremental concentration is very small and resultant concentration is well within limit. As this is

ZLD, surface or ground water is not polluted. All waste water generated is treated and recycled.

There are no endangered species of flora-fauna in study area. Monitoring will be done regularly to

keep a watch.

In case of hazardous operation, safety systems are incorporated. There is risk of fire while

preparation and storage of alcohol. The study is done for pool fire and appropriate firefighting

equipment is provided throughout the factory premises. Workers are trained for safety and

emergency cases.

Identification of hazards in handling, processing and storage of hazardous material and safety

system are provided to mitigate the risk.There is risk of fire while preparation and storage of

alcohol. The study is carried out for pool fire and appropriate fire-fighting equipment are provided

throughout the factory premises. Workers are trained for safety and emergency cases. Precautions

suggested by Factory Inspectors, MPCB and Experts are taken into account while preparing the

Disaster Management Plan for the factory. Bagasse storage is kept limited due to everyday

consumption for own sugar plant.

Disaster management cell and plan is prepared to tackle man-made and natural disaster. People in

this cell are trained to face emergency cases. Safety equipment are also provided to workers and

installed in the premises. Workers are also trained to avoid accidents during operation.

11.9 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Plan

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Plan is being prepared & Following activities will be

impleted under CSR Plan. Major facets are given below.

Education and Boarding for children of Workers

Seminars and training for farmers

Health camp, medical facilities

Tree plantation and providing saplings

Women empowerment

Vocational training for youth

Funds for facilities in village and surrounding area

Funds to Chief Minister/Prime Minister Relief Fund

Suggestions given in Company Act, 1956 and its amendments will also be taken into account. The

fund allocation will be finalized after discussion with society, SPCB and Revenue authorities


204

11.10 Environmental Budget for proposed Distillery unit

S. No. Environmental Aspect Capital

Expenditure Rs in Cr.

Recurring Expenditure Rs in

Cr.(per annum)

1 Emission control Engineering 0.95 0.50

2 Water & Wastewater management 1.50 1.00

3 Solid Waste 0.80 0.12

4 Greening Drive 0.70 0.10

5 Monitoring 0.30 0.10

6 Environmental Cell & PR 0.25 0.08

7 Other aspects like Rain Water Harvesting, Safety, Security etc.

0.50 0.10

Total 5.00 2.00


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CHAPTER 12– DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

This EIA report is prepared on behalf of the proponents, taking inputs from proponent’s

office staff, Architects, Project Management Professionals etc. by Environmental

Consultants M/s Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory, Thane - Pune,

accredited by QCI-NABET vide No. NABET/EIA/1417/SA00110

ULTRA-TECH Environmental Consultancy and Laboratory [recognized by Ministry of

Environment & Forests, Govt. of India] is an established Environmental Services provider

since 1986. Ultra-Tech, a confluence of environmental analysts and experts, engineers,

geologists, sociologists, ecologists and monitoring and management professionals offers

services for

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies and Environmental Clearance

Environmental Due Diligence and Audits,

Environmental Status Reports for ULBs.

Environmental Advisor For ULBs

Water and Wastewater Project consultancy and turnkey execution,

Post EC Compliances,

Environmental laboratory services and

O&M for ETP/STP

Ultra-Tech has well developed infrastructure at Thane, Pune, Kolkata, Bangalore, Kochi and

Singapore to cater to needs of the clients for all environmental services.

CREDENTIALS

NABET, Quality Council of India, Accreditated for various 17 Sectors as a EIA

Consultant

ISO 9001:2008, OSHAS 18001:2008 certified State of the art Environmental

Laboratory and Trained Manpower, recognized by Ministry of Environment &

Forests.

Environmental Advisor for Municipal Corporations.


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Affiliated to Indian Green Building Council (IGBC), Hyderabad.

Affiliated to United States Green Building Council (USGBC), US.

Environmental Consultants for Federation of All India Textile Manufacturing

Association

Environmental Consultants for All India Lead Manufacturing Association.

HONORS

We are honored by the following reputed firms for quality environmental consultancy and

monitoring services.

TECHNICAL CONSULTANT TO CRISIL, MUMBAI: CETP issues in Gujarat, India

TECHNICAL CONSULTANT TO FAITMA, MUMBAI

TECHNICAL CONSULTANCY SERVICE, PUNE: Environmental Quality Monitoring

for Panvel – Karjat Railway Project

RASTRIYA CHEMICALS & FERTILIZERS , MUMBAI: Ambient Air Monitoring

INFRASTRUCTURE

Well-equipped and networked office/laboratory at Thane for conducting

Air/Stack Quality monitoring

Water and Wastewater monitoring

Treatability and Feasibility studies

Soil Analysis

Microbial Analysis

Apart from Thane Head Office, we have branches in Thane, Pune, Kolkata, Bangalore and

Kochi with qualified and experienced professionals. We are planning to extend our services

to Middle East and SEA countries in the near future.

ISO 9001:2008 Certification

We are ISO 9001:2008 certified with effect from 26thMarch, 2011


207

FUNCTIONAL AREAS

We have well defined six functional areas as mentioned earlier.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND CLEARANCE SERVICES

Ultra-Tech assists Project proponent to obtain Environmental Clearance from Ministry of

Environment and Forests [MoEF&CC] or State level Environment Impact Assessment

Authority as well as High Rise Committees [HRC, MCGM] for Projects by preparing EIA

Reports based on Primary and Secondary data for following NABET accredited sectors:

Sr. No.

Sector As per MoEF&CC

Notification Category (A/B)

1 Mining of minerals including opencast / underground mining

1(a) (i) A

2 Offshore and Onshore Oil & Gas exploration, development & production

1(b) A

3 River Valley, Hydel, Drainage and Irrigation projects

1(c) A

4 Thermal Power Plants 1(d) A

5 Metallurgical industries (ferrous & nonferrous) 3 (a) A

6 Cement plants 3 (b) A

7 Synthetic organic chemicals industry 5(f) B 8 Distilleries 5(g) A

9 Sugar Industry 5(j) B 10 Oil & Gas transportation pipeline (crude and

refinery/ petrochemical products) passing through national parks/ sanctuaries/coral reefs/ecologically sensitive areas including LNG terminal)

6 (a) A

11 Isolated storage & handling of Hazardous chemicals (as per threshold planning quantity indicated in column 3 of schedule2 & 3 of MSIHC rules 1989 amended in 2000

6(b) B

12 Ports, harbors, jetties, marine terminals, break waters and dredging

7(e) A

13 Highways railways, Transport Terminals, Mass Rapid transport System.

7(f) A

14 Common Effluent Treatment Plant 7(h) B 15 Common Municipal Solid Waste Management

Facility (CMSWMF) 7 (i) B


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16 Building & Large construction projects 8(a) B

17 Townships and Area development projects 8(b) B In addition to above, we provide service for clearance of CRZ related Projects.

Our key services include assistance for environmental clearances, consent to establish/

operate/renewal from respective authorities apart from development of environmental

management plan, environmental status reports, disaster management plan,

environmental and water audits, etc.

Ownership of organization

Though, Ultra-Tech is a proprietorship firm, actually it is a confluence of environmental

engineers, ecologists, geologists, hydrologists, socio-economic and management experts

apart from environmental laboratory sampling and monitoring teams. The company is

established in 1986 and celebrated 2011 as its silver jubilee year.


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List of EIA Coordinator, Functional Area Experts & Associates are as follows;

Sector Project Client

EIA Coordinator

Functional Area Experts involved

Name/s FA Name/s

Distilleries 5 (g)

M/s Agasti SSK Ltd., Agasti Nagar, Akole, Ahmednagar

M/s Agasti Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. Village At/Post Agasti Nagar, Tal- Akole Dist –Ahmednagar, Maharashtra

Adhikrao Yewale

LU Yogesh Raskar

AQ Mrs.

Anjali Singam

AP Mr. Shekhar Tamhane

WP Mrs. Deepa Karnik

EB Padmini Shinde

SE Yogesh Raskar

NV Mr.

Chintan Athalye

RH Mr. Bonde

SHW

Pradnya Parkhi

Laboratory

Ultra-Tech (Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory), Lab Gazetted by MoEF&CC

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