Presented ByMd. Sahed Khan

Department of Rural Sociology

Presentation on

Environment and Sustainable Economic Development

Environment The complex of physical, chemical and

biotic factors that act upon an organism or an ecological community and ultimately determine its form and survival

Have intrinsic value of their own

Have value for the longer term sustainability

Elements of the Human Environment

‘Intangible’ in Nature

Scarce in Absolute Terms

Environmental Resources

Types of Environmental Resources

Environmental ResourcesBased on Source of Origin Based on Renewability Based on Stage of Development

1. Biotic Resources 1. RenewableResources

1. Potential Resources

2. Actual Resources

2. Non-biotic Resources

2. Non-Renewable Resources

3. Reserve Resources

4. Stock Resources

Trade-off Between Economic Growth and Environment

Economic Growth:“an increase in what an economy can produce if it is using all

its scarce resources”

CONTD…

Vicious Circle of Environmental

Degradation

CONTD…Global Resource

Constraints

Desperate Need by Nations to Achieve High Growth Rate

Overuse of Resources

Environmental Degradation and

Pollution

CONTD… Balance between Economic Growth and

Environmental Degradation by:1. Less Energy Intensive and More

Environmentally Sound Models of Development

2. Breakdown of the Cycle of Poverty and Environmental Destruction in LDCs

3. New Environmentally Safe Technologies

Total Greenhouse Emissions across the Globe 60.4%  done by China, United States, Russia, Japan, Germany, South Korea

and Canada

Heavy Deforestation by Developed Countries

In the name of Industrialization

Global Environmental Pollution: The Case of Developed and Developing Countries

CONTD…

United States: 2% Global Population Holding 25 % of Global Resources Use

Generating More Wastes Unethical disposal of wastes by Developed

Countries through:1. Shifting of Dirty Industries

2. Chemical Wastes dumplings3. Electronic-Wastes dumplings

CONTD…

Global welfare through Cooperation among Countries

Economic theory defines two types of goods:1. Private goods: Principle of competition among

agents for good Consumption2. Public goods:

Do not follow this principle Limitless Consumption of Goods

Cooperative Game Theory: Solvency to Global Environmental Issues

No Contribution for the use of Public Resources

Initially individuals Better-off Ultimately Everyone Worse-off

Failure to Monetize Environmental Service

Quantify their economic value Possibility of Solvency

Cooperative Game theory

CONTD…

CONTD…

Cooperation at Local level brings Better result for Human and Environment

Difficult to achieve International Cooperation

International Cooperation: Possible with Enforceable Agreements

Application of Cooperative Game Theory: Achievement of Global Welfare

CONTD…

CONTD…

THANK YOU