ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF NARAJ BARRAGE ON …iced.cag.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2016-17/NTP 05/naraj...
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Email : [email protected] Fax : +91 020 4381004 Web : www.mah.nic.in/cwprs CENTRAL WATER AND POWER RESEARCH STATION PUNE 411 024 ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF NARAJ BARRAGE ON CHILIKA LAKE, ORISSA Sponsored by Chilika Development Authority
Transcript of ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF NARAJ BARRAGE ON …iced.cag.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2016-17/NTP 05/naraj...
Email : [email protected] Fax : +91 020 4381004
Web : www.mah.nic.in/cwprs
CENTRAL WATER AND POWER RESEARCH STATION
PUNE 411 024
ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF NARAJ BARRAGE ON
CHILIKA LAKE, ORISSA
Sponsored by
Chilika Development Authority
Schematic Diagram of hydrological set up
of Chilika lagoon
Studies carried out
Assessing environmental impact of
Naraj barrage
Requirement of fresh water for stability
of the new mouth
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
21
22
25
23
20
1624
215
14
3
4
5
6
13
812
11
10
9
17
1819
Locations of Salinity measurement Stations
7
1
0 5 10 15 20 25
(Grid spacing 25 meter)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 2
5 m
ete
r)
Locations of Tides and Velocity Observations
C2C6
C1C5
C9
C8
C4
C3
T2
T1
C7
3 6 9 12 15 1821 24 27 30 m/s
Wind Rose Diagrams for calm period and
for Southwest monsoon of 2001
May - Sept
Frequency %
Jan- April
3 6 9 12 15 1821 24 27 30
Wind Rose Diagram for Northeast monsoon of 2001
Oct – Dec
Frequency %
m/s
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle size (microns)
perc
enta
ge fin
er
d50=0.695mm Stn C1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle size (microns)
per
cen
tage
finer
d50=0.695mm Stn C7
Particle size distribution curves
Data Analysis
Maximum Tidal Level Fluctuation at Sipakuda,
Satpara and Magarmukh were 1.44 m, 0.5m and
0.28m respectively in 2002.
Average monthly salinity improved in Northern and
Central sectors, while it remained almost same in
Southern sector. During May, the variation was
recorded to be 5.2 to 35 ppt in the lagoon. There is
no major change in the monthly salinity at Nalaban
for the winter season (December to February)
varying between 5 to 7 ppt
Minimum cross sectional area of new
mouth was 1162.5 sq m in June 2002
with mean depth 2.5 m, while the
maximum was 1596 sq m in October,
2002 with mean depth 3.99m w.r.t high
water line.
Total tidal Prism at the inlet is of the
order of 27.5 MCM
Data Analysis
Continued….
Variation of area of cross section of New mouth
0.0
500.0
1000.0
1500.0
2000.0
2500.0
3000.0
3500.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Time in Months
Are
a(m
2)
2002 2003 2004 2005
Comparison of cross sectional area & Variation of geometrical
properties of new mouth of Chilika Lake over the years
Data Analysis
Continued….
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Apr-01 Nov-01 May-02 Dec-02 Jun-03 Jan-04 Aug-04 Feb-05 Sep-05 Mar-06 Oct-06
Date and Time
Wid
th &
Are
a (S
I un
its)
-16.00
-14.00
-12.00
-10.00
-8.00
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
Dep
th (
m)
Width Area Depth
Rainfall, mm (1982 – 2002) and Run-Off,
MCM ( 1972 – 2001) Assessment
Yearly Run-Off 4277 5339
Monsoon Run-Off 3887 4986
Run-Off Of Daya,
Makara and Bhargavi2948 4056
Yearly Rainfall 1326 1500
Monsoon Rainfall 1086 1200
Description Mean75% reliability of
non-exceedence
Comparison of Total Discharge at new mouth
for the month of July
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
8-Jul-01 13-Jul-01 18-Jul-01 23-Jul-01 28-Jul-01 2-Aug-01
Date
To
tal D
ischar
ge
(M c
um
)
Model Observed
Month
Dec-000
16
3.2
13
5.0
12
2.5
10
6.2
10
9.5
7.5
10.1
7.4
12.5
7
12.2
7
11.5
6.9
10.9
7.3
10.0
8.9
8.6
10.4
5.1
11.8
6.2
12
21.9
16.3
24.8
19.5
1.5
13.22
0.0
5.08
0.0
2.8
0.2
11.9
0.9
4.2
Jan-010.5
15.7
4.5
13.4
5.2
12.92
4.5
12
8.0
10.4
10.5
9.83
11.2
9.7
13.0
9.2
13.0
9.2
12.2
9.3
11.5
9.5
10.8
10.7
8.8
11.8
9.5
13.1
16.5
14.7
25.0
25.11
25.5
33
1.5
13.4
0.3
10.4
1.0
7.7
0.3
13.7
2.5
8.6
Feb-010.2
14.8
5.4
17.47
5.5
14.9
5.1
14.2
6.5
12.6
10.1
12.3
11.8
12.2
13.2
11.6
13.2
11.6
13.0
11.6
11.2
12.3
11.6
12.6
10.2
14.5
15.0
13.9
17.8
15.2
27.3
18.9
28.1
20.5
2.8
14.8
2.0
11.2
0.5
9.0
1.2
13.6
2.9
9.3
Mar-012.7
18.7
8.2
16.4
7.9
16.3
5.6
15.6
7.0
14.4
10.5
14.1
12.0
13.9
13.6
13.6
13.9
13.6
13.5
13.7
12.5
13.9
12.8
14.7
11.0
15.4
31.2
17.5
30.5
17.3
34.5
21
32.5
32.7
14.8
17.8
0.4
14.3
1.5
11.7
0.2
16.9
18.0
12.7
Apr-017.6
21
25.1
19.5
6.9
18.5
8.2
17.8
7.2
16.4
13.2
16.1
13.8
16.0
13.5
15.6
14.8
15.6
13.0
15.7
12.5
15.9
12.8
16.8
14.4
17.6
35.2
19
34.0
23
34.0
31.4
34.2
33
29.5
19.7
1.2
16.9
6.5
14.34
6.0
19.3
15.3
15.4
May-0131.2
21.8
20.8
19
11.0
19
13.0
19
12.5
18
20.4
18
20.0
18
16.1
18
16.5
17.8
16.1
18.1
18.4
18.4
16.1
17.9
24.5
20.0
35.8
23
33.7
29.6
--
32.9
--
33
34.2
22.2
21.2
21
30.0
17.3
26.2
21
33.2
18.5
ppt
Comparison of Salinity at various locations of the Chilika Lake
( Observed / Computed )
SALINITY DISTRIBUTION UNDER OPTION-1
AT THE ENDS OF DIFFERENT MONTHS
Dec, 2000 Jan, 2001
Mar, 2001Feb, 2001
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
12/31/00 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
01/31/01 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
02/28/01 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
03/31/01 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
05/31/01 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
May, 2001
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
09/30/01 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
Sep, 2001
SALINITY DISTRIBUTION UNDER OPTION-1
AT THE ENDS OF DIFFERENT MONTHS
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
05/31/02 12:00:00, Time step: 0, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
May, 2002
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
09/30/02 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
Sep, 2002
SALINITY DISTRIBUTION UNDER OPTION-1
AT THE ENDS OF DIFFERENT MONTHS
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
05/31/01 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
May, 2001 Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
09/30/01 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
Sep, 2001
SALINITY DISTRIBUTION UNDER OPTION-III
AT THE ENDS OF DIFFERENT MONTHS
Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
05/31/02 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
May, 2002Palette
31 - 33
29 - 31
27 - 29
25 - 27
23 - 25
21 - 23
19 - 21
17 - 19
15 - 17
13 - 15
11 - 13
9 - 11
7 - 9
5 - 7
3 - 5
1 - 3
Below 1
Undefined Value
09/30/02 12:00:00, Time step: 1, Layer: 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(Grid spacing 157.5 meter)
0
50
100
150
(Gri
d s
pa
cin
g 1
57
.5 m
ete
r)
Component 1
Sep, 2002
SALINITY DISTRIBUTION UNDER OPTION-III
AT THE ENDS OF DIFFERENT MONTHS
Option - I
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Oct-00 Jan-01 Apr-01 Jul-01 Nov-01 Feb-02 May-02 Sep-02 Dec-02
Month & Year
Sali
nit
y (
ppt)
Southern Control Northern Central
Option - III
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Oct-00 Jan-01 Apr-01 Jul-01 Nov-01 Feb-02 May-02 Sep-02 Dec-02
Month & Year
Sali
nit
y (
ppt)
Monthly Variation of Salinity at different sectors of Chilika Lake
Southern Sector
0
5
10
15
20
Oct-00 Apr-01 Nov-01 May-02 Dec-02
Sa
lin
ity
(p
pt)
Option I Option III
Control Section
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Oct-00 Apr-01 Nov-01 May-02 Dec-02
Sa
lin
ity
(p
pt)
Option I Option III
Northern Sector
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Oct-00 Apr-01 Nov-01 May-02 Dec-02
M o nt h & Y e ar
Sa
lin
ity
(p
pt)
Central Sector
0
5
10
15
20
25
Oct-00 Apr-01 Nov-01 May-02 Dec-02
Month & Year
Sa
lin
ity
(p
pt)
Comparisons of salinity for different scenarios of Chilika Lake
0
20
40
60
80
100
No
of H
rs e
xist
ence
0.0
to 0
.2
0.2
to 0
.4
0.4
to 0
.6
0.6
to 0
.8
0.8
to 1
.0
0.0
to -
0.2
-0.2
to -
0.4
-0.4
to -
0.6
-0.6
to -
0.8
-0.8
to -
1.0
velocities (m/s)
Option III
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
No o
f H
rs e
xis
tence
0.0
to 0
.2
0.2
to 0
.4
0.4
to 0
.6
0.6
to 0
.8
0.8
to 1
.0
0.0
to -
0.2
-0.2
to -
0.4
-0.4
to -
0.6
-0.6
to -
0.8
-0.8
to -
1.0
velocities (m/s)
Option I
No of Hours of existence of velocities under different scenarios at inlet
Conclusions:
Chilika is a shallow, well-mixed vast lake. Tide induced
circulation is negligibly small. Wind plays dominant role in
circulation
Salinity is flushed out every year during South west monsoon
and it starts rising from January reaches its peak in the month
of May.
Major contribution of discharge is from Northern rivers
such as Bhargavi, Daya, Makara and Luna besides
contribution also through precipitation over the lake
Stability analysis of the inlet indicates inlet is bar bypassing
type. Formation of outer and inner bar persist.
To maintain salinity flushing characteristics of the lake,
Option III is adequate. In the absence of flash floods in
consecutive years, it will be necessary to deploy dredger to
remove submerged bars formed on the south side every
year during south west monsoon
