Entomology 101 - North Texas Master Naturalist
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3/16/2021 1 Entomology 101 Master Volunteer Entomology Training Why Study Insects?! 1 2
Transcript of Entomology 101 - North Texas Master Naturalist
3/16/2021
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Entomology 101Master Volunteer Entomology Training
Why Study Insects?!
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Why Study Insects?!
Why Study Insects?!
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Background
• >95% - Beneficial or Neutral <5% - Harmful
Background
• $$$ millions in damage Crops, fruits, shade trees,
ornamental plants, stored products, household items, etc.
Transmit diseases
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Insects Can Be Good or Bad
Squash BugAssassin Bug
Thrips Damage
Aphid Damage
Mite Damage
Armyworm Damage
Leaf Miner Damage
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Classifying Life -Insects• Kingdom – Animalia
• Phylum – Arthropoda Segmented body Skeleton outside the body –
EXOSKELETON
• Classes – Crustaceans, Arachnids, Centipedes, Millipedes, Insects
Crustacea• 2 Body segments (head and trunk)
• 5+ pairs of legs
• 2 antennae
• Sowbugs major garden pests Moisture lovers
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Class Arachnida •Two body segmentsCephalothorax & Abdomen
• 4 pairs of legs
•Mites can be plant pests
Millipedes & Centipedes
Class - Diplopoda & Chilopoda
• Two body segments (head, trunk)
• Centipedes – 1 pair of legs per body segment
• Millipedes – 2 pair of legs per body segment
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Class Insecta
• Three body segments Head, Thorax, Abdomen
• 3 pairs of legs
• 1 pair of antennae
• Wings (up to 4)
• Class contains most arthropod landscape pests
• Further broken down into Order, Family, Genus, species
The Insect Body: Exoskeleton•Exoskeleton = CuticleWaxy layer
Desiccants & Abrasive pesticides cause desiccation and death
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Breakdown of the Insect Body
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Insect Head
Insect Antennae
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Insect Antennae
Insect Antennae
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Insect Eyes - Compound
Insect Eyes –Ocelli (Simple)
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Insect Mouthparts
Types of Mouthparts
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Chewing Mouthparts
Chewing Damage
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Piercing Sucking Mouthparts
Piercing Sucking Damage
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Lapping Mouthparts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtwnzaPrD0U&list=PLg0SKSn9RMU3pEy147AUShZ4Mg_IZEJtX&index=11
Siphoning Mouthparts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtwnzaPrD0U&list=PLg0SKSn9RMU3pEy147AUShZ4Mg_IZEJtX&index=11
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Insect Thorax
Insect Leg Types
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Three Pairs of Legs
Insect Wings
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Insect Wings Used for Identification
Insect Respiration
Spiracles
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Oils and lubricants clog spiracles and cause suffocation
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Insect Development:MetamorphosisAnother important factor in understanding Insects
Insect Development: Metamorphosis
• Metamorphosis – change in form
• Egg, Immature, Adult Most growth occurs as immature Adult stage very minimal
• Gradual or Incomplete Metamorphosis & Complete Metamorphosis
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Insect Development: Metamorphosis
• Gradual Metamorphosis (grasshoppers, cockroaches, aphids, true bugs) Egg, Nymph, Adult
Hemimetabolous Immatures
Nymph Instars
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Hemimetabolous Immatures
Naiads Instars
Incomplete Lifecycle
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Incomplete Lifecycle
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Incomplete Lifecycle
Preying Mantids
Walking Sticks Cockroaches Stink Bugs Aphids
Termites Lice Grasshoppers Crickets
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Insect Development: Metamorphosis
Complete Metamorphosis (butterflies, bees, beetles, ants, flies)
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Holometabolous Larval Instars
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Holometabolous Insects
Fleas Lacewings Beetles Butterflies Moths
Flies Bees Ants Wasps
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REVIEW
Incomplete Lifecycle
• 3 Stages
• Hemimetabolous
Complete Lifecycle
• 4 Stages
• Holometabolous
Next Time –Identifying Insect Orders….
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