Enterprise Architecture –An Overveics9117/2004 Student Seminars/Week 11... · John Zachman’s...

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Enterprise Architecture – An Overview Frank Tan Xiangshen Kong

Transcript of Enterprise Architecture –An Overveics9117/2004 Student Seminars/Week 11... · John Zachman’s...

Page 1: Enterprise Architecture –An Overveics9117/2004 Student Seminars/Week 11... · John Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture ... Functioning Enterprise/User’s View ... Enterprise Architecture

Enterprise Architecture – An Overview

Frank TanXiangshen Kong

Page 2: Enterprise Architecture –An Overveics9117/2004 Student Seminars/Week 11... · John Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture ... Functioning Enterprise/User’s View ... Enterprise Architecture

Agenda

IntroductionJohn Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Walk ThroughEA Quality AttributesReference ModelsCase StudyQ & A

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Agenda

IntroductionJohn Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Walk ThroughEA Quality AttributesReference ModelsCase StudyQ & A

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EA Definition

Enterprise Architecture is:“… set of descriptive representations (i.e. models) that are relevant for describing an Enterprise …” (John Zachman)“A blueprint that explains how information technology and management elements works as whole” (US Federal Government)

Enterprise Architecture draws analogy from building architecture

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Why EA?

Changing business environment requires highly integrated IT capabilitiesDemand for IT strategy to align with business strategyEver more complex IT projects

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EA and Software Architecture

SimilaritiesAbstract approachesEA overarches SA

DifferencesGoals and objectivesEnterprise views vs. System centric viewQuality Attributes

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Agenda

IntroductionJohn Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Walk ThroughEA Quality AttributesReference ModelsCase StudyQ & A

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John Zachman’s EA Framework (diagram)

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Zachman Framework – Row 1Scope/Planner’s View

External Requirements and DriversBusiness Function Modeling

Motivation/WhyBusiness goals, objectives and performance measures related to each function Function/How

High-level business functionsData/What

High-level data classes related to eachfunction

People/WhoStakeholders related to each function

Network/WhereOrganization locations related to each

function

Time/WhenCycles and events related to eachfunction

1 Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Why

Why

Who

Who

When

When

Where

Where

What

What

How

How

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Zachman Framework – Row 2Enterprise Model/Designer’s View

Business Process ModelsBusiness Function AllocationElimination of Function Overlap and Ambiguity

Motivation/WhyPolicies, procedures and standards for each process

Function/HowBusiness processes

Data/WhatBusiness data

People/WhoRoles and responsibilities in eachprocess

Network/WhereLocations related to each process

Time/WhenEvents for each process and sequencingof integration and process improvements

2

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Why

Why

Who

Who

When

When

Where

Where

What

What

How

How

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Zachman Framework – Row 3System Model/Designer’s View

Logical ModelsProject ManagementFunctional RequirementsDefinition

Motivation/WhyPolicies, standards and proceduresassociated with a business rule model

Function/HowLogical representation of informationsystems and their relationships

Data/WhatLogical data models of data and datarelationships underlying information

People/WhoLogical representation of access privilegesconstrained by roles and responsibilities

Network/WhereLogical representation of the distributedsystem architecture for locations

Time/WhenLogical events and their triggered responses constrained by business events and their responses

3

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Why

Why

Who

Who

When

When

Where

Where

What

What

How

How

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Zachman Framework – Row 4Technology Model/Builder’s View

Physical ModelsTechnology ManagementSolution Definition and Development

Motivation/WhyBusiness rules constrained by information systems standards

Function/HowSpecifications of applications that operateon particular technology platforms

Data/WhatDatabase management system (DBMS) typerequirements constrained by logical data models

People/WhoSpecification of access privileges tospecific platforms and technologies

Network/WhereSpecification of network devices and theirrelationships within physical boundaries

Time/WhenSpecification of triggers to respond to systemevents on specific platforms and technologies

4

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Why

Why

Who

Who

When

When

Where

Where

What

What

How

How

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Zachman Framework – Row 5As Built/Integrator’s View

As BuiltConfiguration ManagementDeployment

Motivation/WhyBusiness rules constrained by specific technology standards

Function/HowPrograms coded to operate on specific technology platforms

Data/WhatData definitions constrained by physical data models

People/WhoAccess privileges coded to control access to specific platforms and technologies

Network/WhereNetwork devices configured to conform to node specifications

Time/WhenTiming definitions coded to sequence activities on specific platforms and technologies

5

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

As Built

Functioning

Why

Why

Who

Who

When

When

Where

Where

What

What

How

How

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Zachman Framework – Row 6Functioning Enterprise/User’s View

Functioning EnterpriseOperations ManagementEvaluation

Motivation/WhyOperating characteristics of specific technologies constrained by standards

Function/HowFunctioning computer instructions

Data/WhatData values stored in actual databases

People/WhoPersonnel and key stakeholders working within their roles and responsibilities

Network/WhereSending and receiving messages

Time/WhenTiming definitions operating to sequence activities

6

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

Integrated

Functioning

Contextual

Conceptual

Logical

Physical

Integrated

Functioning

Why

Why

Who

Who

When

When

Where

Where

What

What

How

How

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Agenda

IntroductionJohn Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Walk ThroughEA Quality AttributesReference ModelsCase StudyQ & A

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EA Quality AttributesMulti-layer view

Scope: business goal, IT strategy, visionContextual: collaborative parties, interoperability Standards,

ownership of the information, etcConceptual: deliverables at logical level, Logical StandardsLogical: deliverables at physical level, etc.Physical: critical Design Decisions, etc.

2-layer viewBusiness viewe.g. business goal, interoperability, processes reusability, etcInformation Systems viewsoftware architecture attributes, e.g. reusability,

interoperability, usability, traceability, etc.

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Agenda

IntroductionJohn Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Walk ThroughEA Quality AttributesReference ModelsCase StudyQ & A

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EA Reference Models

Tool for Enterprise Architecture developmentDescribe generic Enterprise Architecture (usually by industry/sector) independent of organizationProvide common reference points for key performance areasFederal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) Reference Models by the federal government of the USA

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FEA Reference Models

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Business Reference Model

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Technical Reference Model

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Agenda

IntroductionJohn Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Walk ThroughEA Quality AttributesReference ModelsCase StudyQ & A

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Case Study

Walt Disney Enterprise Architecture Overview

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Issues

Diverse business myriad of theme parks, media holdings, and film studios with largelydecentralized IT infrastructure1500 applications with many duplicationsExisting applications incapable of supporting new business models and explosion of digital mediaHigh operational costs

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Solutions

Establish CIO Board to map business processes to applicationsEstablish Architecture Council with technology leaders from all major business unitsCreate and implement an architectural master plan

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Results

Identified applications that are core business enablersEliminated application duplicationsCreated a new services-based layer to insulate Disney’s transaction systems and provide for future growthEstablished blueprint for industry wide collaboration

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Before

Theater Operators

“Hold” or “Final”Placed via Fax, Phone, or E-Mail

Sales Manager(human proxy)

Core BusinessSystem

(ShowBiz)

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Now

Theater Operators

“Hold” or “Final”Placed via Fax, Phone, or E-Mailor Web Browser,or other interface

(assume almost any UI)Document-based, agile, flexible

Services-basedLayer

Why not this?(services-based architecture/layer)

Coa

rse-

Gra

ined

In/o

ut

Fine-G

rained

In/out

AdditionalSystems / Services

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Now

AMC

Theatre Operators to More Distributors

Regal Loews Famous Others…

More work, too hard, lost value

BVPD Warner Bros Universal Sony Others…

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FutureAggregated 3rd Party Site

BVPD

AMC Regal Loews Famous Others

Warner Bros Universal Sony

theatrical-distribution.com ?

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Future

Coarse-Grained Interfaces In/out

Fine-Grained Interfaces In/out

Core Business Systems

Services Based Layer

Focus awayfrom UI

Documents Orchestration Process WorkflowFocus for new

investment

Cross segmentCross business unit

External partnersFocus on

self serviceanywhere

Think 3rd Party Sites! Think beyond the Browser!

Catalogs/Cache

PDA/Telephone PDA/Telephone and Other and Other Emerging Emerging DevicesDevices

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Q & A

Thank You!