Ensuring Reliable & Energy Efficient Rolling Stock for ... - Mr Guido Vogel.pdfRolling Stock Need...
Transcript of Ensuring Reliable & Energy Efficient Rolling Stock for ... - Mr Guido Vogel.pdfRolling Stock Need...
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Ensuring Reliable &
Energy Efficient
Rolling Stock for
Optimal Operations
Guido Vogel
13th
March 2013
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AGENDA
BOMBARDIER TRANSPORTATION
OVERVIEW OF MEGATRENDS
NEED FOR RELIABLE & ENERGY EFFICIENT ROLLING STOCK
1
2
3
2
4 BOMBARDIER APPLICATIONS
5 SUMMARY
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BOMBARDIER TRANSPORTATION
Overview
* as at December 31, 2011
** as at December 31, 2011 (includes contractual employees)
Bombardier Transportation Bombardier Aerospace
Revenues* $9.8 billion Revenues* $8.6 billion
Backlog* $31.9 billion Backlog* $22.0 billion
Employees** 36,200 Employees** 33,600
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AGENDA
BOMBARDIER TRANSPORTATION
OVERVIEW OF MEGATRENDS
NEED FOR RELIABLE & ENERGY EFFICIENT ROLLING STOCK
1
2
3
4
4 BOMBARDIER APPLICATIONS
5 SUMMARY
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Climate change
Urbanization and
population growth
Congestion
Oil scarcity and price of
energy
Aging of societies
OVERVIEW OF MEGATRENDS
5
26.4%
Rail
1.6%
72%
Road Others
CO2 Emission of Transportation Sector (Europe)
Rail has lower CO2 emissions than other
modes of motorized transport!
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AGENDA
BOMBARDIER TRANSPORTATION
OVERVIEW OF MEGATRENDS
NEED FOR RELIABLE & ENERGY EFFICIENT ROLLING STOCK
1
2
3
6
4 BOMBARDIER APPLICATIONS
5 SUMMARY
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7
•
Need for Reliable Metro Systems
1 http://www.td.gov.hk/en/transport_in_hong_kong/public_transport/railways
Various sources: SCI Verkehr / LTA Journeys 2012 Key Transport Statistics of World Cities
The world market for metro
vehicles
With the high level of rail passengers due to urbanisation and population growth, there is a need to provide passengers with a safe, reliable and comfortable means of transport.
Metros are suitable in densely populated metropolitan areas with a need for extremely efficient means of public transport. For example, Hong Kong’s Mass Transit Railway moves over 4 million people daily between 155 stations across 246.4 km of rail1.
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Need for Reliable Metro Systems
The trend for automation
Soure: UITP - Metro Automation Facts, Figures and Trends (2011)
Km of automated metro in 2011, by city
The number of kilometres in service has doubled, (43/% in the last three years) with the opening of as many automated lines km as in the last 30 years. This trend is expected to continue in the coming decades.
Most of this growth takes place outside of Europe (83%); Asia stands out with 70 km. Middle East also present high growth numbers (Dubai complemented with lines in Makkah and Riyadh totalling 52 new km in 2011).
Expected evolution in automated lines (km)
Why is unattended train automation the preferred choice for new lines and systems? Besides the greater flexibility in operation and financial feasibility, UTO systems offer safer operations by reducing the human-risk factor. Well designed UTO systems have proven to be more reliable than conventional metros and hold an impressive safety record!
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•
Need for Reliable Metro Systems
Core systems of a fully automated metro
Source: Automated Metro – Ensuring Safety and Reliability with Minimum Human Intervention,
LTA Abstract 2009
Vehicle ATP Vehicle ATO Vehicle ATP Vehicle ATO
Signalling System
Integrated Supervisory and
Control System (ISCS)
Communication Rolling Stock/Train
Trains are equipped with redundant traction voltage circuit and propulsion systems.
All major equipment/control systems, including the Train Integrated Monitoring System
(TIMS) designed to ensure that a single equipment/system failure will not immobilise
train.
Critical train control functions employed hardwiring interfacing circuits to ensure high
reliability and predictable failure modes such as emergency brake, traction voltage
control circuit, propulsion control and interfacing with ATP system.
Designed to
eliminate single
point of failures!
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Need for Reliable Metro Systems
Achieving rolling stock reliability
Built with redundancy
- Highly reliable components
Active management of reliability
growth
Testing and commissioning
Remote train data
diagnostics
Evolution of train design – optimised
performance and through
experience
Pro-active maintenance regime & Intelligent monitoring systems
RAM and safety management processes
Many organisations are adopting FRACAS (Failure Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Action System) to create a failure/incident data repository which will be able to assess operational reliability. Train design will slowly be evolved to optimise performance with constant feedback from such diagnostic systems. Achieving rolling stock reliability should be applied not only during design and manufacture phase but also throughout the life of the train!
Robustness Stability
Punctuality Disturbances
Arrival / departure delays
Primary / secondary delays
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Need for Energy Efficient Metros
Design efforts to maximise energy efficiency
Improving Energy
Efficiency
Stations
Rolling Stock
Infrastructure
Operational Strategies
Escalator
sensors and
speed
Modern Aux
Equipment
(eg. AFC)
LED Lighting
PSD
Installations
Adjust Air
Conditioning
Regenerative
Braking
Supercaps
Weight
LED Lighting
Adjust Saloon
Temperature (according
to pax load)
Articulation / light
weight bogies
Driverless operation
/ driving style
Vary Fares
Minimise delays /
manage dwell times
Vary Speeds
Source: 2009 CoMET and Nova Groups / Imperial College London
Coasting
ATC / ATR
Settings
Off-peak service
frequency
Split trains where suburban
branches
Track Profile /
Curvature
Underground
or elevated?
Line-side
capacitors
Higher Voltage
Low-loss
Conductor
(eg. AI)
Intelligent
ventilation to
lower AC
Lesser used
sections: Pre-
metro light rail
There are a lot of influencing factors affecting energy efficiency!
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ed. Some initiatives may yield small savings,
but over time they contribute to significant
reduction in energy consumption.
Greatest savings may lie in having
regenerative braking and Automatic Train
Operation and Regulations systems
(minimum energy consumption using
coasting).
Ensuring trains run unimpeded and with
minimal service perturbations and delay
will reduce energy consumption from
avoidable acceleration.
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Rolling Stock
Need for Energy Efficient Metros
How rolling stock affects energy efficiency
Source: 2009 CoMET and Nova Groups / Imperial College London
There should be a fair evaluation system for energy consumption which must be clear and unambiguous until the wider environmental impacts of metros are quantified and better understood.
Regenerative
Braking
Supercaps
Weight
LED Lighting
Adjust Saloon
Temperature
(according to pax load)
Articulation / light
weight bogies
Driverless
operation / driving
style
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Need for Energy Efficient Metros
Relative energy efficiency of metros
Source: 2009 CoMET and Nova Groups / Imperial College London
The Relative Energy Efficiency of Metros
Rail has less carbon footprint than the rest of the motorised transport, metros. However, Asian metros should be particularly concerned about the share of non-traction related energy consumption (HVAC) issues and the impact on the environment.
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AGENDA
BOMBARDIER TRANSPORTATION
OVERVIEW OF MEGATRENDS
NEED FOR RELIABLE & ENERGY EFFICIENT ROLLING STOCK
1
2
3
14
4 BOMBARDIER APPLICATIONS
5 SUMMARY
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15
Bombardier’s ECO4 technologies can create energy
savings of up to 50%
OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
ECO4: The formula for total train performance
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Bombardier Applications
Energy Management Control System
Features
Managing energy consumption of all consumers on-board a vehicle
Energy Management - Energy Display
shows the driver actual & average energy consumption compared to fleet average
Energy Management - Energy Metering
allows billing and tracking the energy consumption for operators (new norm!)
Energy Management - Smart Stabling
reduces unnecessary auxiliary loads at turnaround, inter-peak and overnight
Benefits
Increases cost awareness of the driver
Prepared for future European norm in energy metering
Reduces energy consumption at standstill
max. 10%
Applications
• OMNEO (80 trains)
• SBB TWINDEXX (59 trains)
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Bombardier Applications
Energy consumption of train runs
max. 15%
Energy consumption depends
on
EBI Drive 50
Saving energy, costs and reducing
wear
Time table
- Time frames
- Time slots
Track data - Length
- Speed profile
- Gradients, tunnels, curves
Train data
- Weight, length, engine
characteristics
- Max speed, max acceleration
- Running resistance, power
loss curve
Traction energy saving up to 15%
Reduced energy costs
Quick return on investment
Consistently punctual trains
Reduced wear to:
- Wheel sets
- Engines
- Brakes
- Track
Applicable to all types of engines
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Bombardier Applications
FLEXX Tronic - The Intelligent and Active Bogie
Features
Automatically adapts to track conditions
– High speed, tight curves, different track parameters
Driven by integrated, model-based controllers to
– stabilize the bogie at high speed
– steer the wheelsets in curves
– compensate rolling of carbody
Unique Benefits
Wider carbody = more space
Increased speed
Reduced vibration, wheel and rail wear,
less wheel squeal
max. 5%
Application
• SBB TWINDEXX (59 trains)
• SJ Gröna Taget
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Bombardier Applications
FLEXX Eco - The Light Weight Bogie
Features
In-board bearing design
Significant reduction in weight and
unsprung mass
Minimized aerodynamic drag
Unique Benefits
Reduced cost of maintenance
Reduced track wear and risk of rail damage
Reduced track access charges
max. 25%
Applications: More than 1500 million fleet kms
• Voyager & Meridian in UK
(200 km/h, 590 bogies)
• Norway State Railways
(severe climate conditions, 122 bogies)
• TURBOSTAR (186 bogies)
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Bombardier Applications
Managing the Energy Consumption of HVAC Systems
Features
Transfer of energy between used and fresh air
systems
One heat exchanger per HVAC
Measuring the number of passengers and
supplying the right amount of fresh air
Unique Benefits
Improved air quality in train
Up to 26% energy savings
max. 26%
Applications
• Shanghai Line 12
• Singapore DTL
• SBB TWINDEXX (59 trains)
• OMNEO (80 trains)
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Bombardier Applications
Reliable and Energy Efficient Rolling Stock
Weight
Special focus on light weight design.
Carbody is designed as an Aluminum integral design and further weight savings have been attained in the areas
of propulsion and auxiliaries.
Weight savings also in interiors and installation
A total of 5% weight savings compared to the previous generations is achieved.
MF Auxiliary converters
Considerably reduces weight and space
Four converters installed in train, higher redundancy and availability will be achieved.
Singapore Downtown Line
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Bombardier Applications
The fastest of the family – ZEFIRO China
23 © Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
The ZEFIRO train sets new standards with a strong and powerful design
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Bombardier Applications
– Energy saving solutions
24 © Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
ECO4 offers our customers added value to their trains and services and delivers
on the promise of Total Train Performance
ThermoEfficient
Clima-tization System
for energy savings on
HVAC consumption
38% (of original HVAC
consumption)
Mitrac Permanent Magnet
Motors
for energy savings on
traction
2% (of original tractioin
consumption)
EnerGplan Simulation
Tool for energy saving
potentials on fleet
consumption
20% (of original tractioin
consumption)
Energy Managment
Control System for energy
savings on
the auxiliaries
10% (of original auxiliary
consumption)
EBI Drive 50 Driver
Assistance System
for energy savings on
traction/operation
14% (of original traction
consumption)
AeroEfficient Train
Shaping for energy
savings on traction effort
9% (of original traction
consumption)
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Bombardier Applications
AeroEfficient - Front Design
Lower part of the cross section
shaped to cover most of the bogie to reduce
drag & aeroacoustics
Air inlets at positions
with low pressure
differences under cruising
conditions
No discontinuity of front shape
Optimized contours to
Improve side wind
stability
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Bombardier Applications
EcoEfficient - Environmental Performance
Recyclability > 90%
Recoverability > 95%
Low Greenhouse Gas
Emissions
Committed to eliminating
hazardous substances
EcoDesign through Life
Cycle Assessment
Bombardier VHS rail vehicles reflect our dedication to developing products and services for
environmentally sustainable mobility
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Q&A ?
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