国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

令和元年(第19回)海上技術安全研究所研究発表会

o ボンダレンコ オレクシー環境・動力系

船舶推進プラントとして主機デジタルツインの開発

福田 哲吾環境・動力系

北川 泰士流体性能評価系

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

2Contents

1. Introduction

2. Digital Twin for Anomaly Detection

3. Digital Twin for Optimization

4. Engine Modelling for Digital Twin

5. Digital Twin Model Performance

6. Tracking Filter for Parameters Adaptation

7. Conclusions

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

3Introduction: 4th Industrial Revolution

1st Industrial Revolution

Mechanization, SteamPower

~1800 ~1900 ~1980 ~20..

2nd Industrial Revolution

Electricity, Diesel Engine

3rd Industrial Revolution

Automation, Computers& Electronics

4th Industrial Revolution

Cyber-physical systems,Artificial Intelligence

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

4Introduction: Digital Twin Concept

Digital Twin is the combination of real-time data

and a mapping of system behavior which

continuously coexists with its physical counterpart

Global Digital Mapping

Model

States

Predicted States

Actual States

Set of Models

Future

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

5Introduction: Digital Twin Ecosystem

IoT, BigData

Smart Maintenance

(CBM)

Energy Management

Propulsion Optimization

Smart Sensors

Smart Navigation

Local Digital Mapping

Digital Twin

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

6Introduction: Digital Twin Focus

Anomaly Detection

Transient Response

EfficiencyOptimization

AgingPrediction

In-DepthMonitoring

*Details are presented on PS-6 at the Poster Session

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

7Anomaly Detection

A

I, M

ach

ine

Lea

rnin

g

�′��, �′��, �′��,⋯

���, ���, ���, ⋯

{ Actual State }

��,� ��,� ��,� ��,���,���,���,���,�

1 0 0 10 0 1 01 1 0 01 0 1 0

Features Map

Anomaly Classification

Classification

{ Diagnostic Parameters }

Cyber Space - Engine Model

{ Reference State }

Real Space - Engine Monitoring

Digital Twin

(Aging Trend)

Intelligent Monitoring

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

8Optimization: Operation Efficiency

Digital Twin Instance

Performance Indicators

Manual Parameters Adjustment

Simulation

Auto-Tune/Optimization

Digital Twin

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

9Optimization: Cyber-Physical System

Design / Operation Update and Optimization

MarineDieselEngineSimulator

Propulsion System Responses

Running model ship

Engine ModelDigital Twin Instance

Digital Twin

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

10Engine Modelling for Digital Twin

Cycle-Mean Value (CMV)

Engine Model

Filling-Emptying (Phenomenological)

Engine Model

The engine is a series connection of throttles

Continuous flow of air and exh. gases through the throttles

Combustion is considered as a cycle-averaged enthalpy increment

The energy and mass conservation laws areresolved at every degree of the crank-angle

Combustion is represented by thephenomenological model of a heat releaserate (Wiebe function)

The engine is a set of intermittentlyconnected control volumes.

Fast Execution and Limited Information

Slow Execution and In-depth Information

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

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Combined-CMV Model is a Good Candidate for the Digital Twin

Fast Execution of CMV Model

In-depth Detailingof Combustion Model

Continuous flow of air andexh. gases through thethrottles

Precise calculation of combustionfor closed part of the cycle (fromEVC to EVO)

Combined-CMV Model

Engine Modelling for Digital Twin

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

12Digital Twin Model Performance

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

4.8

6.1

7.4

8.7

10

11.3

12.6

30 50 70 90 110S

cav.

Air

Pre

ss.,

bar

A

Air

Mas

s F

low

, k

g/s

Load, %

Experiment

Simulation

100

200

300

400

500

600

30 50 70 90 110

Exh

. G

as T

emp

, deg

C

Load, %

0.94

0.96

0.98

1

1.02

1.04

1.06

30 50 70 90 110

Sp

ecif

ic F

uel

Con

sum

pti

on (

sfc)

, r.u

Load, %

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

320 340 360 380 400 420

In c

ylin

der

pre

ssu

re

Crank Angle, deg

ExperimentSimulation

Steady-state performance of

the prototype engine is

mapped fairly-well.100%

75%

50%

40%

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

13Digital Twin Model Performance

Transient performance of the

prototype engine is mapped

reasonably well, however there

is still a room for improvement.

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

14Engine Modelling for Digital Twin

Engine Decomposition

Unit Model

Parameters

In Out

Unit Model

Every unit model is composed of aset of algebraic equations and a setof constant parameters. The lasthas to be adapted to a particularengine and condition.

System Analysis

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

15Concept of the Tracking Filter

Monitored Data from Real Space

http://www.professionalmariner.com/April-2013/

Predicted Data from Cyber Space

{ Parameters Update }

Tracking Filter

The tracking filter is used to match continuously

the digital twin model with measured sensor

data from the real propulsion plant.

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

16Example of the Tracking Filter

�� = �� + ��� �� − ��

Air Cooler Unit Model:

��� = � � − Function of mass flow

The Kalman Filter for Coefficients adaptation:

��� = �� + ������� , ∴ ���� ≡ ���

������

= 0, ∴ �� �� = ��

��� = ����� + � ��� − ��

�, ∴ �� = ��, ��

�

H – is the Kalman Filter Gain

��� − measured temperature

���− predicted temperature

��, �� ��

���

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

17Conclusions

The Digital Twin is the emerging technology in demand for the 4th Industrial

Revolution. The concept of Digital Twin provides in-depth information for better

decision making and also bring broad possibilities to the ship operation enhancement.

Concept of Digital Twin Engine Model Cyber-Physical System

Collaborative Research

Shipping Company

• Digital Twin

• Operation Efficiency

Engine Maker

• Engine Model

• Intelligent Monitoring

Control System Maker

• Intelligent Monitoring

• Operation Efficiency

国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 海上技術安全研究所

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