ENHANCED MASS RESOLUTIONENHANCED MASS RESOLUTION –TANDEM...

6TH Thermo Scientific HR GC/MS MeetingBarcelona (Spain) April 29-30 2010

ENHANCED MASS RESOLUTION TANDEMENHANCED MASS RESOLUTION –TANDEM

MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ACCURATE MASS

MEASUREMENTS: TOOLS FOR IMPROVING

ENVIRONMENTAL AND FOOD ANALYSIS

Maria Teresa Galceran

Departament de Química AnalíticaUniversitat de BarcelonaUniversitat de Barcelona

OUTLINE

Instrumentation TSQ Quantum Ultra Accurate MassTSQ Quantum Ultra Accurate Mass

Characteristics Sensitivity

Enhanced Mass resolutionH-SRMH-SRM

SensitivitySelectivity

Mass accuracyIdentification of nkno ns

University of BarcelonaUniversity of Barcelona

Identification of unknownsFragmentation pathways

InstrumentationEnhanced Mass Resolution system:TSQ Quantum Ultra Accurate MassH b li d 6 L 250

Fast Chromatography (U-HPLC) :Accela High Speed Liquid Chromatography

Hyperbolic rods r0 = 6 mm, L = 250 mm

Mass Range: m/z 30 to 1.500

High Scan Speed:0.1s/scan (m/z 30 -1.500),

< 0.07ms/u

Enhanced mass resolution in Q1 and/or Q3 (m/z 0.1 – 0.04 FWHM)

High selective-Selected Ion Monitoring (H-SIM)

Hi h l ti S l t d R ti M it i (H SRM)High selective-Selected Reaction Monitoring (H-SRM)

Instrumentation CHARACTERISTICS

Council Directive 96/23/EC HRMS: “the resolution shall typically be greater than 10.000 for the entire mass range at 10% valley”

Enhanced Mass Resolution:m/z : 0.04 (FWHM)

Mass Accuracy:± 5 mDa

m/z = 1.000 25.000m/z = 500 12.500

m∆ m

Mass Resolving

Power

m/z = 1.000 5 ppmm/z = 500 10 ppm

m/z = 125 3.125m/z 500 10 ppmm/z = 125 40 ppm

C0-100, H3-74, O0-4, N0-4: m/z 118 only 1 candidate formula within 34 ppm m/z 750 626 candidate formula are possible within 5 ppm

to eliminate all extraneous possibilities 0.018 ppm are required q

RESOLUTION vs. INTENSITYInstrumentation

ESI (-)

H3C CH3

HO OH

InfussionDCBPA Mw: 294 Da

NL: 4 66E7 NL: 3 35E70.7 FWHM 0.2 FWHM 0.05 FWHM

Cl ClQ1 0.7 #6-45 RT: 0.06-0.46 AV:40 SM: 3G NL: 5.77E7T: - p ESI sid=14.00 Q1MS [30.070-600.000]

90

95

100 294.82

Q1 0.2 #5-39 RT: 0.05-0.43 AV:35 SM: 3G NL: 4.66E7T: - p ESI sid=14.00 Q1MS [30.020-600.000]

90

95

100 295.00

Q1 0.05 #3-20 RT: 0.11-0.83 AV:18 SM: 3G NL: 3.35E7T: - p ESI sid=14.00 Q1MS [30.006-600.000]

90

95

100 295.06

NL: 5.77E7 NL: 4.66E7 NL: 3.35E7

65

70

75

80

85

296.78 65

70

75

80

85

297.00 65

70

75

80

85

297.05

35

40

45

50

55

60

Rel

ativ

e Ab

unda

nce

35

40

45

50

55

60

Rel

ativ

e Ab

unda

nce

35

40

45

50

55

60

Rel

ativ

e Ab

unda

nce

10

15

20

25

30

35

298.8110

15

20

25

30

35

296.00

298.9610

15

20

25

30

296.07

299.06

m/z m/z m/z290 292 294 296 298 300 3020

5

290 292 294 296 298 300 3020

5

290 292 294 296 298 300 3020

5

122.07RESOLUTION vs. INTENSITYInstrumentationChlormequat

CC

N+CH3

H H

Cl070918_05 02 HRC#53-121RT:0.45-1.03AV:69SM:5BNL:8.39E6T:+ p ESI Q1MS [118.020-128.000]

070918_04 07 HRC#9-16RT:0.07-0.13AV:8 NL:1.65E7T:+ p ESI Q1MS [118.070-128.000]

80

85

90

95

100122.2

NL: 1.61E7 m/z 122 C N+

CH3

CH3

H

H

70

75

80

85

90

95

100122.2

50

55

60

65

70

75

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

0.4 FWHM

NL: 8.39E6

070918_06 01 HRC#11-57RT:0.09-0.49AV:47SM:5BNL:1.69E5T:+ p ESI Q1MS [118.010-128.000]

75

80

85

90

95

100122.2

NL: 1.69E5

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

20

25

30

35

40

45

R

124.0

0.1 FWHM

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

m/z 0.04 FWHM5

10

15

20

25

30

35124.2

123.2

119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128m/z

0

5

10

15

123.0

125.0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40124.2

ESI (+) m/z

119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128m/z

0

5

119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128m/z

0

5

10123.2

125.2

m/z

m/zInfussion

OUTLINE





Mass accuracyIdentification of nkno ns


Identification of unknownsFragmentation pathways

H-SRM vs SRM SensitivityEnhanced mass resolution

Sample: Pears Target analyte: Chlormequat Concentration: 70 µg/kg

RT: 1.00 - 3.00 SM: 7G

100

RT: 2.37SN: 481

NL: 1.73E4m/z=

RT: 1.00 - 3.00 SM: 7G

100

RT: 2.37SN: 481

NL: 1.73E4m/z=

RT: 1.00 - 3.00 SM: 7G

100

RT: 2.37SN: 271

NL: 6.06E4m/z= 57.7000-58.7000

RT: 1.00 - 3.00 SM: 7G

100

RT: 2.37SN: 271

NL: 6.06E4m/z= 57.7000-58.7000

70

80

90

100 58.1500-58.2500 F: + c ESI SRM ms2 [email protected] [57.651-58.651] MS 071213_25

70

80

90

100 58.1500-58.2500 F: + c ESI SRM ms2 [email protected] [57.651-58.651] MS 071213_25

70

80

90

100 F: + c ESI SRM ms2 [email protected] [57.651-58.651] MS ICIS 071213_27

70

80

90

100 F: + c ESI SRM ms2 [email protected] [57.651-58.651] MS ICIS 071213_27

SRMQ1: 0.7 FWHMQ3: 0.7 FWHM

H-SRMQ1: 0.1 FWHMQ3: 0.7 FWHM

40

50

60

70

ativ

e Ab

unda

nce

40

50

60

70

ativ

e Ab

unda

nce

40

50

60

70

ativ

e Ab

unda

nce

40

50

60

70

ativ

e Ab

unda

nce

10

20

30

40

Rel

a

10

20

30

40

Rel

a

10

20

30

40

Rel

a

10

20

30

40

Rel

a

Isobaric chemical noise can be filtered and the high transmission of ions

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0Time (min)

0

10

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0Time (min)

0

10

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0Time (min)

0

10

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0Time (min)

0

10

gat enhanced mass resolution provides a higher signal/noise ratio

CECEMEnhanced mass resolutionH-SRM vs SRM Sensitivity

Ascentis express HILIC (100 mm x 2.1 i.d., 2.7 µm) 45:55 Acetonitrile:formic acid-ammonium formate, pH.3.75

DADMAC (Diallyldimethylammonium)

SRM H‐SRMRiver waterNQ1: 0.7, Q3: 0.7 Q1: 0.1, Q3: 0.7

NL: 1.65E4

m/z 126.12 > 84

1.02NL: 1.65E4100

1.01NL: 2.82E4 1001.01NL: 2.82E4

m/z 126 > 84

98 ng/LN

DADMAC

PolyDADMAC: cationic polyelectrolyteused as:- Filter and anti-static in paper industry S/N 150an

ce

ndan

ce

50 50

S/N 90

m/z : 126.1277

- Additive for dyestuff in textileindustry.- Flocculant in water and wastewatertreatment plants

1.02 NL: 2.39E3R

elat

ive

Abu

nda

Rel

ativ

eA

bun

1.02 NL: 2.39E31.01 NL: 5.71E3 100

0

100

01.01 NL: 5.71E3

m/z 126.12 > 70 m/z 126 > 70

No sample treatment. 10 µL injected in the LC-MS/MS system

LODs: 15 ng/L 0

50

0

50

LODs: 15 ng/L (tap water and wastewater)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Time (min)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Time (min)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5Time (min)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5Time (min)

X. Esparza , E. Moyano, F.Ventura, M.T. Galceran, J.Chromatogr.A. (submitted)

CECEMEnhanced mass resolutionH-SRM vs SRM Selectivity

SRMQ1: 0.7, Q3: 0.7

H‐SRMQ1: 0.7, Q3: 0.1

Raw material in production of polycarbonate plastics

and epoxy resins

Surface water100 ng/L

100 100

Liquid Chromatography- LC system: ACCELA UHPLC (Thermo)

Bisphenol A

and epoxy resins

50

100 NL: 1.67E4

50

100 NL: 1.04E4

BPA

m/z 227 → 212.08

BPA

m/z 227 → 212.08m/z 227 → 212 m/z 227 → 212.08

- LC system: ACCELA UHPLC (Thermo)- Column: Ascentis Express C18 Fused Core

(50 mm x 2.1 mm, 2.7 µm)- Mobile phase: Acetonitrile:Methanol:Water - Flow rate: 0 6 mL/min 1000e

Ab

un

da

nce

NL: 6 34E3 1000

NL: 3 29E3

S/N: 50 S/N: 110

abun

danc

e

- Flow rate: 0.6 mL/minOn-line SPE- SPE column: Hypersil Gold C18

(20 mm x 2.1 mm, 12 µm)Sample volumen: 1 mL

50

Re

lativ

e NL: 6.34E3

50

NL: 3.29E3BPA

m/z 227 → 133.06 BPA

m/z 227 → 133.06m/z 227 → 133

m/z 227 → 133.06

Rel

ativ

e H-SRM on Q3 improves sensitivity and selectivity

- Sample volumen: 1 mL

4.5 5.5 6.5 7.50

4.5 5.5 6.5 7.50

S/N: 75S/N: 2

LODs: 17 ng/L Surface Water H. Gallart-Ayala, E. Moyano, M.T. Galceran, J.Chromatogr.A.,1217 (2010) 3511

Time (min) Time (min)

CECEMEnhanced mass resolutionH-SRM vs SRM Selectivity

Toltrazuril (TOL)100 m/z 371 371

H‐SRMQ1:0.1 Q3:0.7

Veterinary drug Toltrazuril and its metabolites in a frankfurt sausage

100SRMAPCI (-)

Q1:0.7 Q3:0.7

m/z 371 371Toltrazuril (TOL)

Toltrazuril Sulfoxide (TOLX)1000

1000

1.6

m/z 371 271

m/z 388 288S/N:14

TOLX

1000

1000

e

1.6

m/z 371 271

S/N:8 m/z 388 288

m/z 371 371

Toltrazuril Sulfoxide (TOLX)

0

1000

1.6

100 1.8

m/z 388 248

m/z 356 256S/N:14

S/N:15TOL0

1000

ative Abu

ndance

1.6

100 1.8

m/z 388 248

m/z 356 256S/N:2

S/N:11

/

Toltrazuril Sulfone (TOLS)

Liquid Chromatography• LC system: ACCELA UHPLC• Column: Ascentis Express C18

1000

1000 1.8

1.8

m/z 356 124

m/z 359 256

S/N:11TOLS Re

la

1000

1000

1.8

1.8

/

m/z 356 124

m/z 359 256

S/N:3

• Column: Ascentis Express C18(150 mm x 2.1 mm, 2.7 µm) • Temperature: 40 ºC• Mobile phase: MeOH:H2O60% to 100% MeOH in 0 9 min

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0Time (min)

0

1000

1.8m/z 359 124

TOL-

D3

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0Time (min)

0

1000

1.8

/

m/z 359 124

60% to 100% MeOH in 0.9 min• Flow rate: 500 µL min‐1 A. Martinez-Villalba , E. Moyano, M.T. Galceran, Anal.Bioanal.Chem. (accepted)

Time (min)Time (min)

Enhanced mass resolutionH-SRM vs SRM Preventing interfering problems

Q1: 0.7Q3: 0.7

RT: 1.00 ‐ 7.52 SM: 15G

1003.28 NL: 2.19E5

m/z 54 9951 55 1951Unknown

Q1: 0.04Q3: 0.7

RT: 0.00 ‐ 10.01 SM: 15B

100 4.34 NL: 4.71E3TIC F + c ESI

AcrylamideH-SRM Column:

S i i ODS 80 TS

SRMAnalysis of acrylamide in potato chips

60

100

ive Abu

ndan

ce

m/z= 54.9951‐55.1951 F: + c ESI sid=10.00 SRM ms2 [email protected] [55.085‐55.185] MS mostra Q1 0.7

80

m/z 72 5560

80

100 TIC F: + c ESI sid=10.00 SRM ms2 [email protected] [55.085‐55.185] MS mostra q1 0.04

ive Abu

ndan

ce

m/z 72.04 55

y

Unknown

Semi-micro ODS-80 TS column (Tosohaas)5 μm, 150 x 2.1 mm I.D.Mobile phase: 100% Water Fl t 300 L/ i

100

0

20

40

Relati

4.34

4.33 NL: 4.09E4

Acrylamide

0

20

40

4.34 NL: 5.76E2

Relati Unknown

3.28

500 µg/kg

Flow rate: 300 µL/min

118.1100 Unknown

Full scan

TIC F: + c ESI sid=10.00

60

80

100 4.33SRM ms2 [email protected] [58.085‐58.185] MS mostra Q1 0.7

bund

ance

d3-Acrylamide

60

80

1004.34

TIC F: + c ESI sid=10.00 SRM ms2 [email protected] [58.085‐58.185] MS mostra q1 0.04

bund

ance

d3-Acrylamide

m/z 75.10 58

40

60

80

lative Abundance

148.1162.1

133 0

1 2 3 4 5 6 70

20

40

Relative

Ab

m/z 75 58

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100

20

40

Relative

Ab

40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200m/z

0

20

Rel 133.0

74.051.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7Time (min)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Time (min)

Working at H‐SRM, the effect of the interfering compound decreases and AA can be determined

OUTLINE





Mass accuracyIdentification of unknowns


Fragmentation pathways

IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWNS Mass Accuracy

Potato sample

Interfering compound:O

NH2

A l id

118.0902100

x10 x10

Lock Mass:DMA

Q1:0.04Interfering compound:m/z 118 and 72 accurate mass measurement

L: 74.0964

Acrylamide

60

80

72 0801 L: 74.0964

L: 114.1277

DEAMQCQ

Relative Abundance4040

72.0801

mass accuracy: 5 mDaElemental composition:

C5H11NO2

L: 46.0651Acrilamide

mass accuracy: 3.5 mDa

Acrylamide0

2020

L: 46.0651

L: 122.0731

72.048446.05 46.10m/z

72.00 72.05m/z

74.05 74.10m/z

114.10 114.15m/z

118.05 118.10m/z

122.05 122.10m/z

0

Data base : 7 compounds. Of them only 4 can give fragments of m/z 72 and 55

Compounds related with Valine and Norvaline. Valine has been described as a precursor of AA and it is present in potatoes

m/z m/z m/z46.05 46.10 72.00 72.05 74.05 74.10as a precursor of AA and it is present in potatoes.


Liquid Chromatography- LC system: ACCELA UHPLC (Thermo)- Column: Ascentis Express HILIC (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 2.7 µm)- Mobile phase: Acetonitrile/50 mM Formic acid-ammonium formate

m/z 243Amprolium

pH 3.75 (60:40)- Flow rate: 0.6 mL/min m/z 94m/z 150

AreaH-ESI in positive mode Matrix enhancement

m/z 243 > 150

ng/g

Enhancement produced by an unknown compoundA. Martinez-Villalba , E. Moyano, M.T. Galceran, J. Chromatogr. (submitted)

p y p

Q1 0 7 Q3 0 7Q1 0 7 Q3 0 04


100da

nce

0.641.32

1.500.96100

bund

ance

1.60100

ance

162.1 100

ance

103.0

162.1MS/MSMSRt AMP

AM 162.1167 AM 103.0371

AM 85.0329

Q1:0.7, Q3:0.7Q1:0.7, Q3:0.04

TIC

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

1.64

2.432 020 43

0.0 1.0 2.0Time (min)

0Rel

ativ

e A

b

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

a

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

a

85.0

60.1 102.1

0

R 2.020.430.16

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5Time (min)

100 200 300 400 500m/z0

R60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200m/z

0

R

666 structuresAll without charge12 structures

0 possible structuresAll Quaternary Amines

4. ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASSES


Identification of the unknown

100 1 64 100 103.0

Deng, J. Henion, J. Li, P. Thibault, C. Wang, J. Harrison. Anal. Chem. 73 (2001) 639‐646C. Tallarico, S. Pace, A. Longo. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 12 (1998) 403‐409

100Ab

unda

nce

1.64 100

e A

bund

ance

103.0

85.1162.260 1

MS/MS

m/z 85

0

Rel

ativ

e A

0

Rel

ativ

e 60.1102.0

m/z 103m/z 60

L-CarnitineMw=162.1

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5Time (min)

0 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200m/z

0

FRAGMENTATION PATHWAYS Mass Accuracy

• Starters in the synthesis of epoxy resins

Analysis of bisphenol diglycydil ethers

OO O

O

HH

• Additives in PVC organosolsAs scavengers for the HCl formed during the heat treatment in the coating procedure

p,p-BFDGE

O O

O

O

HH

• BFDGE is the monomer of NOGE (novolacglycidyl ether)

O

OO

o,p-BFDGE SunFireTM C18 column (150 x 2.1 mm i.d., 3.5 µm)

M bil h M OH 25 M HCOOH/NH COOH ( H

Liquid chromatography

O OOH

H

o o BFDGE

Mobile phase: MeOH:25 mM HCOOH/NH4COOH (pH 3.75; 40 ºC); 300 µL min-1

0-2 min: 50% MeOH isocratic

2 7 i 75% M OHo,o-BFDGE 2-7 min: 75% MeOHH. Gallart-Ayala, E. Moyano, M.T. Galceran, Rapid Commun.Mass Spectrom, (submitted)

FRAGMENTATION PATHWAYS Mass AccuracyESI (+)MS/MS

100ance 163 Isomer 1

50

100

Abun

danc

e

Multiple-stage mass spectrometry (MSn): Ion trap

MS/MS163

100

nce

I 3

ESI (+)

50

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

133

3.0 4.0 5.00

50

Rel

ativ

e

Time (min)50

elat

ive

Abu

nda 133

147239

171 277211

Isomer 3

ce 189

MS3

107

ance

100

200 300 400m/z

0

R

105

133

nce100

119MS3

150 200 250 300 350 400m/z

Re

0

50

100at

ive

Abu

ndan

c 189

163295

265133

MS/MS Isomer 2

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

a

50

100

lativ

e A

bund

an

50MS3

100ce

133m/z

400150 200 250 300 3500

Rel

265207177133 237147 313

60 100 140 180m/z

R

0

MSn of BFDGE

Re

m/z60 100 140 1800

50

100

ativ

e A

bund

anc

171189

Precursor ion [M+NH4]+ m/z:330m/z60 100 140 1800R

ela 89


NH4+

o,o-BFDGE

NH

50

100

lativ

e A

bund

ance

p,p-BFDGE

MS/MS

m/z 330MS/MS MS/MSNH4

+o,p-BFDGE

NH4+ 3.0 4.0 5.0Time (min)

0Rel

m/z 330

m/z 239 m/z 147

MS3

MS/MS

H+ H+

m/z 330

MS/MS MS/MS MS/MSMS/MS

/ 119

m/z 163 m/z 189m/z 295

MS3

m/z 163

MS3

m/z 119m/z 163

MS3 MS3

H+

MS3 MS3 MS3MS3

/ 107

m/z 121m/z 107m/z 121 m/z 133 m/z 171m/z 107

m/z 107


100LAS-MON

ESI(+) Coccidiostats

Liquid Chromatography

- LC system: Alliance 2695 (Waters)Column: C18 Hypersil Gold (50 x 2 1 mmNAR - Column: C18 Hypersil Gold (50 x 2.1 mm

1.9 µm) (Thermo Fisher Scientific)- Mobile phase: Acetonitrile:Water (0.1% formic acid in each phase)

Gradient: From 40% to 70% Acetonitrile in

SAL

NAR

- Gradient: From 40% to 70% Acetonitrile in 0.75 min and 6 min of isocratic step- Column Temperature: 50ºC- Flow rate: 0.6 mL/minROB

DNC DICMADESI (-)

ESI(+)

0

NIG

0 2 4 6 8 10

Full scan ESI MS in positive ornegative mode (compound dependent)

Time (min)

H


MASS SPECTROMETRY

- MS system: LCQ Classic (Thermo Finnigan)I i ti S ESI O O

OO

O

O

H

H

H

m/z 599m/z 461

Monensin

- Ionization Source : ESI- Mass Analyser: Ion Trap- Acquisition mode: Product ion scan - Polarity: Positive

O

O O

OO

O

O

H

m/z 483

MS/MS

100675

100675

100693

100693

[M+Na]+ [M+Na‐H2O]+

MS 3100657

100657

[M+Na‐H2O‐H2O]+OH

[M+Na-H2O-(H2O+ COO)]+Abu

ndance

Abu

ndance

Abu

ndance

Abu

ndance

Abu

ndance

599 613Abu

ndance

599

[M+Na-H2O-(CH3O)2]+

Relative

693

Relative

693

Relative

Relative

[M+Na‐H2O]+

Relative

443 675461

483

581

6 3

639Relative

443 675461

483

581

639

m/zm/z300 500 700 900

0

693

300 500 700 9000

693

200 400 600 800m/z

0200 400 600 800 1000

m/z

0

m/zm/z300 500 700 900

0300 500 700 900

0

FRAGMENTATION PATHWAYS High Resolution/Mass AccuracyHigh Resolution/Mass Accuracy

LTQMS/MS conditions:Normalized Collision Energy: 27

Working Conditions

LTQ Orbitrap XL (ThermoFinnigan)Activation Q: 0.3

Activation time: 30 msecOrbitrap: MS3Orbitrap:High mass resolution conditions:Resolving Power: 60,000Mass accuracy: < 1-2 ppm m/z: 693 m/z: 675 m/z: 613

Ion assigment Calculatedmass(Da)

AccurateMass(Da)

Error (ppm)

M iMonensin

[M+Na‐H2O‐(H2O+ COO)]+ 613.4075 613.4045 ‐4.9

[M+Na‐H2O‐(CH3O)2]+ 613.3711 613.4045 +54.4

A Martínez‐Villalba E Moyano M T GalceranA. Martínez Villalba, E. Moyano, M.T. GalceranRapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2009; 23: 1255–1263

6TH Thermo Scientific HR GC/MS MeetingBarcelona (Spain) April 29-30 2010

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSUniversity of Barcelona

CIBIR Research Center, SpainJosé Antonio Allué

Elisabeth Bermudo

Encarna Moyano

ThermoFisher ScientificJoan SoléClaudia Martins

Hector Gallart

Xavier EsparzaThank you for your attention

Claudia Martins

Financial support:

Anna Martinez

Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia CTQ2006-26237E/BQUMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación CTQ2009-09253Generalitat de Catalunya PIER 2006Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia CTM2006-00753y

ENHANCED MASS RESOLUTIONENHANCED MASS RESOLUTION –TANDEM...

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