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Pedagogical and technological UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBIA
Duitama faculty
Hotel and tourism managerment
ENGLISH V FOR TOURISM
“TOURISM PRACTICE AND THEORY”
Laura victoria buitrago alvarez
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ENGLISH V FOR TOURISM
“TOURISM PRACTICE AND THEORY”
What is Tourism?
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Tourism is a collection of activity, services and industries that delivers a travel experience, including transportation, accommodations, eating and drinking establishments, retail shops, entertainment businesses, activity
facilities and other hospitality services provided for individuals or groups traveling
away from home.
OVER VIEW of tourism
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The World Tourism Organization (WTO) claims
that tourism is currently the worlds largest industry with annual revenues of over $3
trillion dollars. Tourism provides over six million jobs in the United States, making it the country's
largest employer.
OVER VIEW of tourism
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ECONOMIIC ACTIVITIES
International tourism receipts grew to US$944 billion (€642 billion) in 2008, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 1.8% from 2007. When the export value of international passenger transport receipts is accounted for, total receipts in 2008 reached a record of US$1.1 trillion, or over US$3 billion a day.
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Definition of Tourism
Mathieson and Wall (1982) created a good working definition of tourism as "the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs."
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According to Macintosh and Goeldner (1986) tourism is "the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction of tourists, business suppliers, host governments and host communities in the process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other visitors."
Definition of Tourism
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SUPPLY AND DEMAND• Supply and demand is
an economic model of price determination in a market. It concludes
that in a competitive market, the unit price for a
particular good will vary until it settles at a point
where the quantity demanded by consumers (at current price) will equal the
quantity supplied by producers (at current price),
resulting in an economic equilibrium of price and
quantity.
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The basic principles that drive supply and demand are as follows:
• Suppliers will eventually produce a greater quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they can get a relatively high price (P) for it;
• Suppliers will eventually produce a lesser quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they will get a relatively low price (P) for it;
• Consumers will eventually demand a greater quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they can obtain it for a relatively low price (P);
SUPPLY AND DEMAND
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•Consumers will eventually demand a lesser quantity (Q) of a good if they believe they can only obtain it for relatively high price (P);•Suppliers will lower their asking price (P) for a good when demand (Q) for it (at current price) is lower than expected; and•Consumers will increase their asking price (P) for a good when supply (Q) of it (at current price) is lower than expected.
SUPPLY AND DEMAND
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The type and availability of transportation will determine
travel destinations. The development of
accommodations were likewise determined by the
development of transportation systems. These systems are listed
below.
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
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Stagecoach (1500 A.D.) Invented in Hungary.Railroads (1825)First
passenger train was in England.
Boats & Ships (early 400 B.C., but first ocean liner
1840)Automobile (1908) Henry
Ford's Model TAir Travel (1919) by what is
now know as Lufthansa Airline
Space Travel (2015) estimated date for passenger travel into suborbital space.
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
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EXCURIONIST: Persons traveling for pleasure in a period less than 24 hours (Macintosh and Goeldner, 1986).
FOREIGN TOURIST: Any person visiting a country, other than that in which he/she usually resides, for a period of at least 24 hours (Committee of Statistical Experts of the League of Nations, 1937).
Other terms of interest are:
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TRAVEL: The act of moving outside one's home community for business
or pleasure but not for commuting or traveling to or from school
(Macintosh and Goeldner, 1986).
VISITOR: Any person visiting a country other than that in which he/she has his/her usual place of
residence, for any reason other than following an occupation remunerated
from within the country visited (United Nations Conference on
International Travel and Tourism, 1963).
Other terms of interest are:
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FACILITIES: When tourists arrive at attractions they require facilities to provide services.
• LODGING: Represent a variety of services from campgrounds, RV parks, motels and five star
resorts. • FOOD & BEVERAGE: Not only provide basic sustenance for tourists but an important factor
in the overall tourism experience.
FACILITIES TOURISM
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SUPPORT SERVICES: Usually are represented
by small retail businesses providing
souvenirs and personal services. Shopping is an
integral part of the travel experience.
Tourists seek unique and novel items which represent the area and
cultures they visit.
FACILITIES TOURISM
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INFRASTRUCTURE: The basic services on
which all tourism depends. These
systems include water and sewer systems,
communication networks, medical
facilities, electricity, police and fire
protection and roads.
FACILITIES TOURISM
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TRANSPORTATION
Time and Money: This is the critical component to tourism, the ability to get
from Point A to Point B and back, or to Point C, D, E.... The variables of Time, how
long it takes to get to a specific destination, and
Money, how much it costs to get to your destination. Tourism developments are dependent on the ease of
access and types of transportation available.
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Hospitality• Hospitality: The
community's attitude which permeates every tourism location that makes the tourist feel welcome and safe. It is the result of the interaction between the tourist and the local population.
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• Time, as the hours for leisure increase so does the
opportunity for travel. Changes in work days or
hours, school calendars will affect how and when people
can travel. The overall travel pattern has moved from a two week vacation to 6-8 three or four day mini-vacations per year.
Essential Requirements for Tourism
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MONEY, the majority of travel requires
discretionary income. Discretionary income is money left over after all
monetary obligations (food, rent and taxes)
have been paid.
Essential Requirements for Tourism
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Essential Requirements for Tourism
.Motivation, is the reason
people travel. Motivations may include seeking
novelty, education, meet
new people, adventure or
stress reduction.
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Mobility, is the access to transportation (car, bus, plane, train or ship) and the hours required to get to their destination
Essential Requirements for Tourism
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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION