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simple:rules

)-[eaning

Unit 4 Past time 1,Explanations

Regular verbsprrt simple regular verbs add -edto the bare infinitive. Verbs ending in-esimply add-d.I enjoyed rhe film. I lorted the mwsic.All persons have the same form.Spelling problemsVerbs ending in consonant + -y change -y to -ie'try tried crY criedVerbs ending with one vowel and one consonant double the final consonant.regret regretted fit fittedIrregular verbsThe mosr common pasr simple irregular verbs are listed on page 246.Itisnecessary to learn irregular forms.eat ate drink, drank wake wok'e

o QuestionsQ,r.rtions are formed with did andthe bare infinitive.Did yow enioy tbe film? Did yow drink all the milk?Whir did yow do yesterday? Why did sbe lea'ue?o Negatives

Ne[atives are formed with d,id notand the bare infinitive. This is contractedrc didn'f in speech and informal writing'Tbe coat-d.idn't fit rne. Carol didn't eat L)ery mwch'

. past simple is used to describe definire events in the past. A definite timeexpression can be used with these events'I enjoyed the filrn'Lue saw last nigbt'

We liitened to soT,te new CDs yesterday afternoon.. Past simple is used to describe habitual actions in the Past'

Ertery day we got up early and uent to tbe beach'o See Unit 7 for conrrasrs with present perfect simple.

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I nterme diate Langud,ge P ractice

Past continuous: o Past continuous is formed with the past of be and the bare infinitive withformation rules -irg.I was sitting by the door. He uas sleeping. She was drirting.You uere laugbing. We uere crying. They a)ere eating.

Past continuous is also called past progressive.o Questions\We form past continuous questions by inverting theverb be.

Was I sleeping? Was he reading? 'Was she drizting?Were yow waiting? Were rue zariting? Were tbey leaving?

o Wb-questionsWbat were yow r"uriting? Wby were tbey waiting?

o Negatives'We form past continuous negatives with the verb be + not.'Was not tscontracte d to zaasn't, and were not ts contracted to uteren't.I wasn't listening. H e uasn't playing. Tbey w)eren't looking.

Meaning o Past continuous describes a continuing situation. This is often contrastedwith a sudden event.Continuing situation Sudden eventI was haaing my lwncb wben Rwtb pboned.While I was uaitingfor ttrte bus, I met Karen.

o Past continuous is used to describe a number of continuing situations, asbackground description.

The airport was full ofpeople. Some w)ere sleeping on benches,some w)ere sbopping, others w)ere reading. Eaeryone'Luas waitingfornews of tbe delayed plane.

o It is also used to describe two continuing situations, which are happening atthe same time.

While Jim was cooking, David ans phoning a friend.Time expressions o With past simpleI arrived bere two howrs ago/in September/lastweek/at 6.00.

Helen lir.,ed in Madrid for three years.o With past continuousVhile we were waitingfor tbe train, it started to rain.I cut my finger when I was peeling the potatoes.o Narrative time expressions - see Unrt29.

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theword orfrom eachunderlined.

a)b)c)

Unit 4 Past time 1

Practicewhile I vrashed/@Elnamy hair, the phoneHow did )'ou felt/did you feel yesterday afternoon?\ilhen I reached /was reaching home I received/was receiving David's phonecall.Last summer I was going swimming/went swimming every weekend.\When the dog bit/was biting Laura's leg, she screamed/was scrqaming.\We sang/sung some songs and then ate/eatsome sandwiches.\When you felllfelt over the cliff, what happened/was happening next?While Mary washed-up/was washing-up, she broke/was breaking a cup.I didn't see/didn't saw where the bus-stop was, so I was missing/missed thebus.

d)e)0s)h)i)j) \What did you do/were )rou doing when t pho"edtwas pho"try you last

night? There was no reply.a) I enjoyed the concert. (negative)b) Sue liked the party. (question)c) You ate all the bread. (question)d) Did Tom spend a lot? (affirmative)e) I felt well yesterday. (negative)0 Ann didn't buy a car. (affirmative)g) They won the prize. (question)h) Paul doesn't speak Polish. (affirmative)i) I paid all the bills. (negative)j) Ruth made a mistake. (question)

. . . I .e[.dn.?. eri y. t t p. p.q n p.c rl'. .

ago in last week at when whilea) Two burglars broke into the house ...w11tk........ we were watching television.b) ... I met an old friend of mine in the city centre'c) .What were you doing .................. the police officer knocked on the door?d) Jan met Sarah .................. half-past eight outside the cinema.e) ... Dick was preparing lu'nch, he cut his finger badly.0 I first came to this town more than twenty yearsg) Ji- was studying to be a doctor ... he met Sally.h) Tony bought his first motorbike ............ ...... L992.i) ... did you start playing basketball?j) Most of the young people left this village a long time

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I nterme diate Language Practice

4Choose asentence from a)to h) which is thebest continuationof theconversationsbeginning 1) to8).

i5Put each verbgiven into eitherpast simple orpast continuous.

1) \7hat was carol doing when you knocked on rhe door? ..c..2) How did Brenda spend her holid ay? .....3) \What happened when the lights went our? .....4) \When did you meer Cathy? .....5) \Vhat didJean do when Tony called? .....6) Did Ann hear what David said? .....7) \Vhat did Pat do when the bell rangar the end of the lesson? .....8) \7hy did Helen leave so early? .....a) She went sailing mosr days, and sunbathed at rhe beach.

..b1 She put the phone down.c) She was listening to the radio in the kitchen.d) She went to meet her parents at a restaurant.e) She came to my brother's birthday party.,J) While Tina was looking for a rorch, they came back on.g) She wasn't listening.h) She put her books away and left.a) \when Harry (wake up) ...t..eke.uf.... ,we (tell) ...te/d.....him the good news.b) Where (you leave) your wallet when you (go)

swimming?c) Everyone (wait ) ............. for the concerr to begin when a message(arrive)d) \flhen Tom (finish) his lemer, he (take) .......... it tothe post office.e) Pam (want) a relaxing holiday, so she (choose)

ro sray on a small island.0 When I (study) abroad, my parents (phone) .............me every week.g) I (find) my lost pen while I (look for) ....... ... mypencil sharpener.h) Ann (watch) television whenJulie (arrive) .............i) vhen the lights (go out) , I (lie) in bed reading.i) *:::::lil] ; ... to the new chinese resraurant, whar (you eat)

a) siting,@Choose thecorrect spellingfrom each pair ofwords.

b) feltlfelltc) tryed/triedd) cryin g/cringe) wasn't/wa'snt

enjoyed/enjoiedthoght/thoughtliveing/livingshopping/shopingheard/heared

k) hidding/hidingl) waited/waittedm) plaied /playedn) whent/wento) fitted /fited

0s)h)i)j)