EnginesHow they work

A spark plug is used to ignite the fuel in an engine

Piston

Valves

Crankshaft

THE FUEL GOES IN

SPARK IGNITES

THE EXPLOSION FORCES

THE PISTON DOWN

Engines produce power

RPMRevolutions per minute

TorqueThe energy produced on each cycle of the engine

Fuel inEXHAUST OUT

4 - cycle engine

PISTON CONFIGURATION

4 CYLINDER

4 cylinder 6 cylinder 8 cylinder

BASIC ENGINE TYPES

• 2- STROKE

• 4- STROKE

Engine Types

2- Stroke

4- Stroke

OIL & GAS MIX

OIL GAS

2 Stroke Engines Oil & Gas mixed

1 Gallon

2 -Stroke ENGINES

USED IN : Chain Saws Weed Eaters

2 - Stroke Engines Oil & Gas mixed together

Notice There are no valves

LAWN MOWERS

Use the right fuel for the engine your are running

LOOK AT GAS CAP

710 Fuel Type ?

WARNING:

Never put gas only in a 2-Stroke engine.

THAT WOULDBE BAD NEWS!

Two types of fuel

GASOLINE

DIESEL GAS

Diesel engines burn

Diesel fuel

Gas engines burn

Gasoline for fuel

GASOLINE ENGINES

Good for cars

Easier starting

DIESEL ENGINES

Good for long hauls , heavy trucks & machines

Difficult to start in cold weather

Diesel fuel will jell up during cold weather. Makes for hard starting.

“Plug in heaters are used to keep the engine warm overnite ……..

BLANKET

WHAT’S SO SPECIAL ABOUT A DIESEL ENGINE ?

Runs for long periods of time

More power

VEHICLES USING DIESEL ENGINES

Diesel Bus

V-8 DIESEL ENGINE

DIESEL TRAIN

HEAVY EQUIPMENT

Low octane High octane

Economy cars High horsepower

Gasoline Cars

Octane describes the burn rate of the fuel

The higher the octane , the smoother the fuel will burn, however it will cost more.

87 Octane 91 Octane89 Octane

Econo

Fuel octane ratings

Nascar engines

run on 117 high octane gas

Known as racing fuel

Nitro- methane

Extremely

HIGH

OCTANE

Dragster

Nitro-fuel

BURNING FUEL

Ethanol: Made from corn

Methanol: Made from wood

Indy-Cars

Use ethanol- fuel made from corn

Indiana Corn

One bushel of corn will make 3 gallons of ethanol fuel

It will take 60 bushels of corn for an Indy-Car to go 500 miles.

One semi will hold 1,000 bushels of corn

Ethanol

E 10 10 % ethanol 90 % gas

E 85 85 % ethanol 15 % gas

85 % Alcohol

Will burn all mixtures of gas and alcohol

On board computer monitors the type of fuel being used ….. ECM

½ Gas ½ Electric

Bio - Fuels

Using grain like corn

and soybeans or vegetable

oils mixed with diesel fuel

Fuel cells

Convert hydrogen gas to electricity

McLaren P 1 .. Speed 240 MPHMade in England … basic production

Supercar

Economy

High performance

TEST YOURKNOWLEDGE

1. WHERE ARE 2-CYCLE ENGINES USED ?

A. LARGE TRUCKS

B. SMALL MACHINES

C. RACE CARS

B. SMALL MACHINES

2. WHAT ENGINE NEEDS TO HAVE OIL & GAS MIXED ?

A. 2- CYCLE ENGINE

B. 4- STROKE ENGINE

C. V- 8 ENGINE

A. 2-CYCLE

3. WHAT TYPE OF FUEL DOESA NASCAR ENGINE BURN ?

A. METHANOL

B. HIGH OCTANE GAS

C. DIESEL

B. HIGH OCTANE GAS

Racing Fuel

4. WHAT PART OF THE ENGINE PROVIDES THE FIRE

TO IGNITE THE FUEL ?

A. INTAKE VALVE

B. CARBURETOR

C. SPARK PLUG

C. SPARK PLUG

5. LARGE VEHICLES THAT RUN FOR LONG PERIODS OF TIME , USE WHAT KIND OF

FUEL ?

A. DIESEL

B. METHANOL

C. GASOLINE

A. DIESEL

6. WHAT TYPE OF FUEL DO INDY-CARS RUN ON ?

A. NITRO-METHANE

B. ETHANOL

C. DIESEL

B. ETHANOL

7. WHAT TYPE OF FUEL DOES A DRAGSTER USE ?

A. DIESEL

B. GASOLINE

C. NITRO-METHANE

C. NITRO METHANE

8. WHAT TYPE OF ENGINE WOULD BE USED IN THIS ?

A. 2- CYCLE

B. 4- STROKE

C. DIESEL

A. 2- CYCLE

Oil and Gas

9. MOST CARS ON THE ROAD TODAY USE WHAT KIND OF

ENGINE ?

A. 2- CYCLE

B. 4 - STROKE

C. DIESEL

B. 4- STROKE

10. HIGHER OCTANE FUELS DO WHAT ?

A. BURNS FASTER

B. BURNS WITHOUT EMISSIONS

C. BURNS SMOOTHER

C. BURNS SMOOTHER

End