EcoAviationWashington, June 2010

Engines for Green Aviation’s Future

Alan Epstein

Vice President, Technology & EnvironmentPratt & Whitney

Evolution in By-Pass Ratio, Efficiency, & Noise

1990 20001950 1960 1970 1980 2010 2020Engine certification date

TurbojetsTurbojetsTurbofansTurbofans

Low bypassLow bypass

TurbofansTurbofansHigh bypassHigh bypass

Ultra high bypassUltra high bypass

•Lower fuel consumption so- Lower CO2- Lower NOx- Lower Cost GTFTM Engine

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Propulsion System Fundamentals

Fuel Burn

Fan Diameter

Noise

Low Bypass RatioHigher Fan Pressure Ratio

High Bypass RatioLower Fan Pressure Ratio

Low

High

AdvancedTurbofan

(ATF)

Better

5~6% better fuel burn

GearedTurbofan

(GTF)engine

5-10dB lower noise

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0

-5%

-10%

-15%

-20%5 7 10 12 15

Bypass Ratio5 7 10 12 15

Bypass Ratio

1990s, 2000s component upgrades

1980s767/A300

1980s 737/A320

1990s777/A330

2000s787/A380

ENG

INE

ΔFU

EL B

UR

N

Single Aisle Twin Aisle4 Decades’ Evolution of Commercial Engines

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2010sGTFs

Fuel burn improvement 12-15%

CO2 emissions reduced by 3000 Tons per aircraft per year

NOx emissions cut in half

Noise levels of Stage 4 minus 20 dB

1,500 fewer airfoils

Lower maintenance cost

$1.5M annual cost savings per aircraft

Innovative New Engine Designs

The Comprehensive Approach to Economic and Environmental Operation

PurePower® Engine benefits

Gear

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Fan Drive Gear System

• 40,000 equivalent take-offs to date with no significant wear

Simple Design – Extraordinary Reliability

Gear Test Rig30,000 hp gear

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PurePower® Engines Look DifferentUltra-high Efficiency, Low Noise Fan

PurePower® Demo EngineV2500® Engine

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PurePower® Engines Are DifferentAdvanced Nacelle

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Three Interlocking Enabling TechnologiesProven in Extensive Ground & Flight Testing

2 +2 + 2 = 15% Improvement in Fuel Burn

Very Light Weight Reliable Gear

Light WeightExtra Efficient Fan

Advanced Nacelle

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30K Ground demoFlight weight design

Thrust in thousands of pounds (K)

2000 2010

40K Demo engine 11K Demo engine 30K Flight demos

PurePower® Engines20 Years of New Technology

Gear Test Rigs

1990

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New PurePower® PW1000G Powered Aircraft

Irkut MC-21EIS 2016 - 2018

Mitsubishi Regional JetEIS 2014

Bombardier® CSeries®

EIS 2014

Bombardier and CSeries are trademarks of Bombardier Inc.

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Fuel Burn

Fan Diameter

Noise

(Higher FPR)(Lower BPR)

(Lower FPR)(Higher BPR)

Low

High

Noise

Fuel Burn

TSFC

Fuel Burn

GTFEngine Next Generation

GTF Engine >2020

Weight& Drag

Turbofan

Add Value by Reducing Fuel Burn and NoisePropulsion for the 2020s and Beyond

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Long Runway for GTF Engine Improvement

AdvancedOpen Rotor

Geared Turbofan EngineAdvanced

GTFEngine

Ch 4

Base –5% –10%

– 20

– 25

– 30

– 35

–15% –20% –25% –30%

– 15

– 10

– 5

Noi

se (E

PN

dB)

Engine Fuel Consumption

1997 Reference

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Lower Noise

Lower CO2

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Design Range (nm)

Cru

ise

Mac

h N

umbe

rThe Value of Speed And Range

EMB170 737-800 757-200787-8

A380-800

SHORT MEDIUM LONG

TURBOFANS

A330-300

Q400

A400M

ATR72

TURBOPROPS

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Aircraft Configurations Must Generate ValueNew Aircraft Must Drop Ownership Cost By 15% or More

ReferenceV2500

1988 EIS

Adv GTFEngine-30% CostEIS 2020-2025

PW1000G GTF Engine-15% CostEIS 2013-2015

UnconventionalInstallations

2015 2020 2025 2030P&W Proprietary – Subject to restrictions on last page

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Gen 3 GTFEngine-45% CostEIS 2030-2035

MIT-Aurora-P&W NASA N+3 Design Concept70% Fuel Burn Reduction, -70dB Noise

Summary

• Engine innovation delivering green performance gains– ~15% fuel burn improvements entering service in 2013-16– ~30% fuel burn gains in 2025~2030

• New aircraft configurations may offer dramatic gains– Significant gain comes from optimization for low flight speed (M~.74)– Most attractive for shorter range applications– But, significant technical risk may require an X-plane first

• Quiet, geared ducted propulsion is the future– UHB dramatically drops noise and fuel burn & increases value– PurePower® Engines set a new standard for the next 30+ years

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