Engines and Motors

Part - 2

Engines and Motors

Turbines Rocket Steam

Turbine Engines

In all cases, something (a force) spins the turbine.

Background Steam Water Wind

Gas Turbine / Jet Engines

In a gas turbine a pressurized gas spins the turbine.

Gas Turbine / Jet Engines

The engine produces its own pressurized gas, and it does this by burning something like propane, natural gas, kerosene or jet fuel.

The heat that comes from burning the fuel rapidly expands the exhaust gasses, and the high-speed rush of this hot air spins the turbine.

Helicopter Engine

Gas Turbine / Jet Engines

Advantages: Excellent Power to Weight Ratio Small Size

Disadvantages: EXPENSIVE! Prefer a constant load

External Combustion Engines

Steam Engines Rocket Engines

Steam Engines

Steam engines were the first engine type to see widespread use.

Thomas Newcomen in 1705

Used to pump water from coal mines along sea shore

Steam Engines

Steam engines powered all early locomotives, steam boats and factories, and therefore acted as the foundation of the industrial revolution.

Steam Engines

Rocket Engines

Rocket engines are reaction engines. The "strength" of a rocket engine is

called its thrust. Thrust is measured in "pounds of thrust"

Rocket Engines – 2 Types

Solid Fuel Liquid Fuel

Rocket Engines-Solid Fuel

Solid-fuel rocket - first engines created by man.

Invented in China around 1232

Rocket Engines – Solid Fuel

Solid-fuel rocket engines have three important advantages: Simplicity Low Cost Safety

They also have two disadvantages: Thrust cannot be controlled Once ignited, the engine cannot be

stopped or restarted

Rocket Engines-Liquid Propellant Rockets

Robert Goddard-1926 He also worked on and

solved a number of fundamental problems in rocket engine design, including pumping mechanisms, cooling strategies and steering arrangements.

Rocket Engines-Liquid Propellant Rockets

Advantages: Shut

Down/Restart Can “Throttle” Higher

Performance

Disadvantages: Very Complex Very Expensive

Electric Motors

1st practical electric motors from Emily and Thomas Davenport in 1837

Ran @ 600 RMP, and powered machine tools and a printing press

Electric Motors

Electric Motors: D/C A/C

Electric Motors

Electric Motors

Electric Motor in Action

Hybrids

Any vehicle is hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power.

Examples: mo-ped, car, locomotive, sail boat

Hybrids

Hybrid Cars Electric Drag Racing

The End