Engineering Light for a Brighter, Sustainable Future 1 July 2009 K. A. Connor.
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Transcript of Engineering Light for a Brighter, Sustainable Future 1 July 2009 K. A. Connor.
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Engineering Light for a Brighter,
Sustainable Future
1 July 2009K. A. Connor
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K. A. Connor
Summer Undergrad Students
• Gavin Anaya - RPI
• Joshua Hayfer – Rose-Hulman
• Ravindranath Jaglal – Howard
• Daniele Manikeu – Morgan State
• Clayton Shotwell – Rose-Hulman
• Jessa VanKleeck – St. Rose
• Ashley Woitkoski – St. Rose
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K. A. Connor
Why Be an Engineer?
• Engineers make a world of difference
• Engineers are creative problem-solvers
• Engineers help shape the future
• Engineering is essential to our health, happiness and safety
From the NAE
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K. A. Connor
LIGHT
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K. A. Connor
LIGHT – How Do We Use It?
• Illumination – Lighting in our homes and work, for our cars, etc.
• Imaging – Microscopes, telescopes, photography, etc
• Displays – Television and Computer Monitors (CRT, Plasma, LCD, etc.)
• Signaling – Traffic lights (cars, trucks, trains, boats, etc.), laser pointer, etc.
• Information – Optical fibers, read-write for storage (CD, DVD, Blu-Ray, etc), barcode, etc.
• Cutting, etching, etc.
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K. A. Connor
Characteristics of Light
• Spectrum (Color)
• Polarization
• Time Variation (Blinking)
• Direction
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K. A. Connor
Making Light Smart
• Light Source LED
• Power for Light Source Battery
(DC Voltage)
• Control Computer
(Processor)
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K. A. Connor
SMART LIGHTING
Smart Lighting System
Light Source
Computer ControlElectrical Power,
Sensors, Electronics
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K. A. Connor
Similar to Robotics
Mechanical
ComputerElectrical
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K. A. Connor
Making Light Through Electronics
• LED (Light emitting diode)
• Resistor
• Wires
• Battery
We will now make a solid state light
Such a light could be used to send flashing signals
This is what the stop and go lights (red, yellow, green) are made from these days
http://www.robotroom.com
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K. A. Connor
First We Connect the Diode and Resistor
Then Connect the Battery Using the Black and Red Wires
Note the longer leg
Connect to the shorter leg
Twist the wires together
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K. A. Connor
Flashing Lights Sending Information
• Remote Control – See it on a camera
• Music Traveling on Light
• Hearing a Remote
• Sound Activated Switch
• Polarization & Displays
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K. A. Connor
Displays
Plasma
CRT
LCD
MirasolMEMS
http://www.dlp.com/tech/what.aspx TI LED DLP MEMS
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K. A. Connor
We Can Also Control Light Electrically
Crystal Liquid Crystal
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K. A. Connor
LCD
LCD
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K. A. Connor
RGB
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K. A. Connor
LCD
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K. A. Connor
The Future?Iridium – An Entertaining Failure or Now on the Road to
Success?
• What are some of the limitations of present mobile phone systems?
• One of the primary problems is that service tends to be limited to higher population areas.
• If you are a Sprint customer (in spite of the annoying adds), you have the coverage shown in this map.
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K. A. Connor
Iridium
• 1987: Two Motorola engineers envision a constellation of low orbiting satellites.
• 1990: The Iridium System is announced.• 1995: FCC License granted• 1998: Constellation of 66 satellites
successfully launched.• 1999: Chapter 11• 2002: Licenses, etc. assigned to New Iridium
Note: Financing was several billion dollars
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K. A. Connor
Iridium Flares – Fun With Satellites
• The Iridium satellites are relatively small telecommunications satellites in a low Earth orbit.
• Each satellite has three main mission antennas (MMAs), which are flat, highly reflective surfaces, that can reflect the Sun's rays to an observer on the ground when the geometry is correct.
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K. A. Connor
Iridium Flares – Fun With Satellites
• The satellite's attitude is controlled so that the long axis remains vertical, with one MMA always pointing forwards. Given this knowledge of the attitude, together with the orbital position of the satellite and the Sun and observer's location, it is possible to calculate the angle between the direction to the observer from the satellite and the line of a perfect reflection of the Sun. This is the so-called "mirror angle" and determines the magnitude of the flare.
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K. A. Connor
Iridium Flares
• Heavens Above is an extensive website with information on tracking objects in space, notably including Iridium Satellites.
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K. A. Connor
Iridium Flares
• In the main Heavens Above webpage, select your location either exactly by longitude and latitude or from their extensive database.
• Choose United States, then Sycaway (where I live) Latitude: 42.742, Longitude:73.653, Elevation: 121 m
• Select Iridium Flares for the Next 7 Days.
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K. A. Connor
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K. A. Connor
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K. A. Connor
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K. A. Connor
Iridium Flares
• What will you see?• Look at
http://homepage.mac.com/kevision/video/iMovieTheater25.html and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PFUP5LPyuA
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K. A. Connor
Questions?
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K. A. Connor
Remote Controls
• Infrared Light
• Cannot be seen by humans
• Can be seen by digital camera
• Remote control sends light flashes to TV or any other device it is to control
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K. A. Connor
Music Traveling on Light Flashes
Transmitter Receiver
Music Source
Speaker
Sound
RemoteWe can hear the light flashes from the remote
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K. A. Connor
Butterfly and Bee Vision
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K. A. Connor
The Clapper
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K. A. Connor
The Clapper
Sound Microphone Amplifier
ConditionerCounts to 2
Amplifier Relay
This is a good example of a system that makes a decision based on some kind of input