ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering...
Transcript of ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering...
![Page 1: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ENGINEERING ENGINEERING GRAPHICSGRAPHICS
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
![Page 2: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Engineering DrawingEngineering Drawing
Engineering Drawing is the Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.language of Engineers.
It is a graphical language It is a graphical language used for effective used for effective communication among communication among engineers.engineers.
![Page 3: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ENGINEERING GRAPHICSENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Graphical representation Graphical representation of an object containing of an object containing details like shape, size details like shape, size etc., is called as etc., is called as Engineering Graphics.Engineering Graphics.
![Page 4: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
DRAFTING TOOLSDRAFTING TOOLS
1.1. Drawing BoardDrawing Board2.2. Mini drafter or TMini drafter or T-- squaresquare3.3. Drawing Instrument boxDrawing Instrument box4.4. Drawing PencilsDrawing Pencils5.5. EraserEraser6.6. TemplatesTemplates7.7. Set squaresSet squares
![Page 5: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
8.8. ProtractorProtractor9.9. Scale SetScale Set10.10. French curvesFrench curves11.11. Drawing clipsDrawing clips12.12. Duster piece of cloth (or) brushDuster piece of cloth (or) brush13.13. SandSand--paper (or) Emery sheet paper (or) Emery sheet
blockblock14.14. Drawing sheetDrawing sheet
![Page 6: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Drawing Board (IS 1444 : 1989)Drawing Board (IS 1444 : 1989)
Standard Size : 650mm x 470mmStandard Size : 650mm x 470mm
![Page 7: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Mini DrafterMini Drafter
![Page 8: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
TT-- SquareSquare
![Page 9: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Drawing Instrument BoxDrawing Instrument Box
Compass and DividerCompass and Divider
![Page 10: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Lengthening barLengthening bar
![Page 11: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bow Compass & Bow DividerBow Compass & Bow Divider
![Page 12: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Drawing PencilsDrawing Pencils TYPES OF PENCILSTYPES OF PENCILS
![Page 13: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Drawing PencilsDrawing Pencils
![Page 14: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Micro tip PencilMicro tip Pencil
![Page 15: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TemplatesTemplates
![Page 16: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Set SquaresSet Squares
![Page 17: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Protractor with Pro circlesProtractor with Pro circles
![Page 18: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
French CurvesFrench Curves
![Page 19: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Drawing Sheets (IS 10711 : 2001)Drawing Sheets (IS 10711 : 2001)* A2 Size is preferred* A2 Size is preferred
** A3 Size is preferred for practice & ** A3 Size is preferred for practice & examinationexamination
DesignationDesignation Dimension, mm Dimension, mm Trimmed sizeTrimmed size
A0A0 841 x 1189841 x 1189
A1A1 594 x 841594 x 841
A2 *A2 * 420 x 594420 x 594
A3 **A3 ** 297 x 420297 x 420
A4A4 210 x 297210 x 297
![Page 20: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Sand Paper (or)Sand Paper (or)Emery sheet BlockEmery sheet Block
![Page 21: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Layout of Trimmed Layout of Trimmed Drawing SheetDrawing Sheet
![Page 22: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Title BlockTitle Block
![Page 23: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Types of Lines and their Applications Types of Lines and their Applications [IS 10714 (Part 20) :2001][IS 10714 (Part 20) :2001]
![Page 24: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
LETTERING [IS 9609 LETTERING [IS 9609 –– 2001]2001]
SIZE OF LETTERSSIZE OF LETTERS
![Page 25: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
LETTERING PRACTICELETTERING PRACTICE
![Page 26: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
DIMENSIONINGDIMENSIONING
ELEMENTS OF DIMENSIONINGELEMENTS OF DIMENSIONING
![Page 27: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Arrow headsArrow heads
TYPESTYPES a) Open typea) Open type b) Closed typeb) Closed type c) Closed filledc) Closed filled d) Oblique stroked) Oblique stroke
![Page 28: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
SYMBOLS FOR SHAPE INDICATIONSYMBOLS FOR SHAPE INDICATION
![Page 29: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
R : Radius SquareR : Radius Square SR: Spherical Radius SR: Spherical Radius = Diameter= Diameter
![Page 30: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
METHODS OF DIMENSIONINGMETHODS OF DIMENSIONING
METHOD METHOD –– II
![Page 31: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Note: Only one method should Note: Only one method should be used on a drawing.be used on a drawing.
METHOD METHOD –– IIII
![Page 32: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
ANGULAR DIMENSIONSANGULAR DIMENSIONS
![Page 33: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
ARRANGEMENT OF DIMENSIONSARRANGEMENT OF DIMENSIONS
CHAIN DIMENSIONINGCHAIN DIMENSIONING
![Page 34: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
PARALLEL DIMENSIONINGPARALLEL DIMENSIONING
![Page 35: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
COMBINED DIMENSIONINGCOMBINED DIMENSIONING
![Page 36: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Illustration of Principles of Illustration of Principles of Dimensioning Dimensioning
1.1. Place the dimensions outside the Place the dimensions outside the views. views.
2.2. Place the dimension value above Place the dimension value above the horizontal line near the middle.the horizontal line near the middle.
![Page 37: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
3.3. Dimensioning a vertical lineDimensioning a vertical line4. When an overall dimension is 4. When an overall dimension is
shown, one of the intermediate shown, one of the intermediate dimensions should not be given.dimensions should not be given.
![Page 38: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
5. Arrange a chain of dimensions 5. Arrange a chain of dimensions in a continuous line.in a continuous line.
6. Arrowheads should touch the 6. Arrowheads should touch the projection lines.projection lines.
![Page 39: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
7. Centre line should not be used 7. Centre line should not be used as a dimension line.as a dimension line.
8. Do not repeat the same 8. Do not repeat the same dimension in different views.dimension in different views.
![Page 40: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
9. Indicate the depth of the hole 9. Indicate the depth of the hole as notes written horizontally.as notes written horizontally.
10. Diameter and radius symbols 10. Diameter and radius symbols should be placed before the should be placed before the values.values.
![Page 41: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Dimensioning (ExampleDimensioning (Example--1)1)
Read the dimensioned drawing shown in Read the dimensioned drawing shown in fig. Redraw the same to full size and fig. Redraw the same to full size and dimension it as per Indian Standards.dimension it as per Indian Standards.
![Page 42: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Mistakes in the given drawingMistakes in the given drawing
1.1. A number of dimensions are placed A number of dimensions are placed inside the drawing.inside the drawing.
2.2. Some dimension lines cross some other Some dimension lines cross some other dimension lines.dimension lines.
3.3. Diameter of the holes is not indicated Diameter of the holes is not indicated properly.properly.
4.4. Centre lines of the holes are not shown Centre lines of the holes are not shown properly.properly.
5.5. Extensions of outlines of the drawing are Extensions of outlines of the drawing are used as dimension lines which is not used as dimension lines which is not permissible.permissible.
6.6. The dimensions inside the drawing are The dimensions inside the drawing are not given from a base line or the centre not given from a base line or the centre line of holes.line of holes.
7.7. Some horizontal dimension lines are Some horizontal dimension lines are broken for placing dimension values. broken for placing dimension values. This is not correct.This is not correct.
![Page 43: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Figure with correct dimensionsFigure with correct dimensions
![Page 44: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Dimensioning (Example Dimensioning (Example --2)2)
Read the dimensioned drawing shown in Read the dimensioned drawing shown in fig. Redraw it to full size and dimension it fig. Redraw it to full size and dimension it as per Indian Standards.as per Indian Standards.
![Page 45: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Mistakes in dimensioningMistakes in dimensioning1.1. Arrangement of dimensions is not proper. Arrangement of dimensions is not proper.
They are arranged in a stepped manner.They are arranged in a stepped manner.2.2. Dimension for the radius is not shown Dimension for the radius is not shown
properly.properly.3.3. Dimension for the hole is not written in Dimension for the hole is not written in
the correct form.the correct form.4.4. Placing of vertical dimensions is not Placing of vertical dimensions is not
uniform.uniform.5.5. Some dimension figures are not placed Some dimension figures are not placed
above the dimension lines.above the dimension lines.6.6. Centre lines for the holes are not drawn Centre lines for the holes are not drawn
properly.properly.7.7. There is gap between projection lines There is gap between projection lines
and outlines of the drawing which is not and outlines of the drawing which is not acceptable.acceptable.
![Page 46: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Figure with correct dimensionsFigure with correct dimensions
![Page 47: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - mechanical · 2018-09-01 · ENGINEERING GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION. Engineering Drawing Engineering Drawing is the language of Engineers.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042512/5f9f9b81e872bf1a336baee5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Thank YouThank You