Energy Transfer Through an Ecosystem. Table of Contents DateTitlePage 2/26/13Energy Transfer in an...
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Transcript of Energy Transfer Through an Ecosystem. Table of Contents DateTitlePage 2/26/13Energy Transfer in an...
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Energy Transfer Through an Ecosystem
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Table of ContentsDate Title Page
2/26/13 Energy Transfer in an Ecosystem
5
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Goal: Students will determine how energy travels through ecosystems by identifying the relationships between producers, consumers, and decomposers.
Recall: How is an ecosystem different from a community?
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What types of communities do you see in this picture? What type of ecosystem is it?
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Remember…
• An ecosystem is the total of living parts (plants and animals) and nonliving parts (sunlight, air, water, soil) that support life in a unit of nature. We can refer to the Earth as one ecosystem or divide it into smaller units with
similar characteristics.
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How is the energy role determined?
• An organism’s energy role is determined by how it obtains food and how it interacts with other organisms.– Do you play an
instrument?
• Each instrument has a role in a piece of music. Similar to the instruments in a band, each organism has a role in the movement of energy through its ecosystem
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The living parts of an ecosystem can be divided into three categories:
Producers: Organisms that can make their own food. Ex. Plants have chlorophyll and can produce their own energy in the form ofcarbohydrates (simple sugars) through photosynthesis.
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Consumers
Animals must consume something else, either plants or other animals, to get their energy.
There are different levels of consumers:top carnivores-eats other carnivores (ex. Wolf) carnivores -eats other animals (ex. Snakes) omnivores-eats plants and animals (ex. Humans) herbivores-eats only producers (plants) (ex. Rabbits)
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Decomposers
Decomposers: break down biotic wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the ecosystem.
“Nature’s Recyclers”
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In any community, energy flows from producers to consumers.
• Energy moves through the ecosystem in the form of food
• When organisms die, decomposers obtain energy when they break down the bodies of dead organisms
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Food Chain
• A food chain is a simple way of showing how energy (food) passes from one organism to another
• Arrows between organisms indicate the direction that the energy is moving
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Food Chains (con’t)
• Usually have 3 or 4 links• At each transfer of
energy, a portion of the energy is lost as heat due to the activities or organisms as they search for food and mates
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Food Webs
• A food web is a series of overlapping food chains
• Organisms play more than one role in an ecosystem.
• Remember the rule about the arrows!
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A Food Web Example video
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Create a Food Web
• Label:• Producers• Primary Consumers• Secondary Consumers• Tertiary Consumers• Decomposers
• Include arrows moving in the appropriate direction following the direction that the energy is being used
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• Primary (first-level) consumers eat producers• Secondary (second level) consumers eat
primary consumers• Tertiary (third level) consumers eat secondary
consumers • THE FIRST ORGANISM IN THE FOOD
CHAIN/WEB IS ALWAYS A PRODUCER
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After you create your food web…
• Using your food web, answer the following questions:
• (a) Which organisms are producers?• (b) Which organisms are first order consumers?• (c) Which organisms are second order
consumers?• (d) Which organisms are third order
consumers?