Energy Storage: a U.S. Overview - U.S. Energy Information ... · U.S. Small-Scale Storage by...
Transcript of Energy Storage: a U.S. Overview - U.S. Energy Information ... · U.S. Small-Scale Storage by...
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www.eia.govU.S. Energy Information Administration Independent Statistics & Analysis
Energy Storage: a U.S. overview
EIA Energy Conference
June 5, 2018 | Washington, DC
By
Lisa Cabral, Electricity Analyst
Energy Information Administration
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Outline1. Definitions
2. Summary of small scale battery storage
3. Overview of large-scale battery storage:
- regional trends
- applications
- installed costs
- projections
Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 20182
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Key takeaways• As of end 2017, the US has 664 MW of power, 742 MWh of energy in
operational large-scale battery capacity
• Most batteries are lithium-ion
• The majority are installed in CAISO or PJM
• State policy, wholesale market rules, and retail rates play a central role in
where opportunities for battery storage exist
• Installed capacity is expected to grow as costs decline and market rules are
updated
3Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
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Definitions
• Power capacity: the maximum
instantaneous amount of power output
• Energy capacity: the total amount of energy
that can be stored or discharged
• Large scale: grid-connected, single
installation of 1MW or greater in nameplate
capacity
4
Battery
InverterPower
(MW)
Grid
Energy
(MWh)
Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
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power capacity
megawatts
U.S. Small-Scale Storage by Sector, 2016
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861, Annual Electric Power Industry Report
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June 5, 2018
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
large-scalebatterystorage
small-scalestorage
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power capacity
megawatts
U.S. Small-Scale Storage by Sector, 2016
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861, Annual Electric Power Industry Report
6
5%54%
30%
2%
7%
2%
Non-CA
residential commercial
industrial direct connected
share of total small-scale storage
power capacity (66 MW)
Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
large-scalebatterystorage
small-scalestorage
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power capacity
megawatts
U.S. Small-Scale Energy Storage
Outside of California by State, 2016
U.S. Small-Scale Storage by Sector, 2016
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861, Annual Electric Power Industry Report
7
5%54%
30%
2%
7%
2%
Non-CA
residential commercial
industrial direct connected0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
rest of U.S.
Louisiana
Indiana
Texas
Ohio
Virginia
Illinois
Michigan
Georgia
Hawaii
New York
share of total small-scale storage
power capacity (66 MW)
Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
megawatts
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
large-scalebatterystorage
small-scalestorage
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U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage Capacity by Region, 2012
Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860M, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory; U.S. Energy Information
Administration, Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report
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U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage Capacity by Region, 2018
Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860M, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory; U.S. Energy Information
Administration, Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report
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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 8000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
co-located renewable firming
transmission/distribution…
backup power
excess wind/solar generation
load management
system peak shaving
arbitrage
load following
voltage/reactive power…
ramping/spinning reserve
frequency regulation
installed capacity
power capacity
megawatts
energy capacity
megawatthours
Applications Served by U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage, 2017
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report
10
PJM
CAISO
ERCOT
MISO
ISO-NE
AK/HI
Other
Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017
annual additions
power capacity
megawatts
energy capacity
megawatthours
U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage Capacity, 2003-2017
Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860M, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory; U.S. Energy Information
Administration, Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report
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PJM
CAISO
ERCOT
MISO
ISO-NE
AK/HI
Other
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017
annual additions
PJM
CAISO
ERCOT
MISO
ISO-NE
AK/HI
Other
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
power capacity
megawatts
energy capacity
megawatthours
U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage by Region and Ownership
Type, 2017
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report
12
Independent
Power Producer
Investor-Owned
Utility
Cooperative
Commercial/
Industrial
State-Owned
Utility
Municipally-
Owned Utility
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
24%
57%
3%
3%
3% 10%
Overall
52%25%
8%
5%2% 8%
Overall
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017
annual additions
88%
6%3%
1% 2%
U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage Capacity by Chemistry,
2003-2017
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861, Annual Electric Power Industry Report
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power capacity
megawatts
energy capacity
megawatthours
lithium-ion
nickel-based
sodium-
based
lead-acid
other
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power capacity costs
dollars per kilowatt
energy capacity costs
dollars per kilowatthour
Installed Cost of U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage Systems,
By Duration (2013-2016)
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report
14
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
short- medium- long- all
duration
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
short- medium- long- all
duration
Series4
75th percentile
median
average
25th percentile
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June 5, 2018
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power capacity costs
dollars per kilowatt
energy capacity costs
dollars per kilowatthour
Installed Cost of U.S. Large-Scale Battery Storage Systems,
By Duration (2013-2016)
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report
15
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
short- medium- long- all
duration
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
short- medium- long- all
duration
Series4
75th percentile
median
average
25th percentile
Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
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(power) capacity
gigawatts
U.S. Wind, Solar, and Battery Storage Capacity, 2020-2050
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2018
16
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2020 2030 2040 2050
wind
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2020 2030 2040 2050
storage
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2020 2030 2040 2050
solar photovoltaics
Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
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DC
States that require storage in resource or energy plans
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration
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Key takeaways• As of end 2017, the US has 664 MW of power, 742 MWh of energy in
operational large-scale battery capacity
• Most batteries are lithium-ion
• The majority are installed in CAISO or PJM
• State policy, wholesale market rules, and retail rates play a central role in
where opportunities for battery storage exist
• Installed capacity is expected to grow as costs decline and market rules are
updated
18Lisa Cabral, Washington DC
June 5, 2018
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U.S. Energy Information Administration www.eia.govIndependent Statistics & Analysis
Thank you