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Energy saving effect of ejector technology

Climate, cooling & heating Engineering Division 2 Masahiro Takatsu

This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

Outline of Ejector technology

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DENSO’s products with refrigerant cycle

Loosing energy during expansion as vortex

Compressor

Expansion valve

Condenser （Gas cooler）

Evaporator

Isentropic line

⊿h

For Car air conditioner （in evaporator）

For CO2 refrigerant EcoCute Vending machine

For refrigerator track （R404A）

For cool box

DENSO’s original tech. Car air conditioner

Refrigerator track

Cool box

DENSO Issue of traditional refrigerant cycle

Adapting DENSO’s original ejector technology to various product

EcoCute

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Ejector cycle

Ejector： Fluid pump which suck and rise refrigerant flow by unused energy

Ejector

Drive flow Mixing section Diffuser

PL

Ph

PS

Pd

Suction nozzle

Gn

Ge

Pressure

Ph

PS

PＬ

Pd

Gn

Ge Gn＋Ge

Velocity

Gn

Ge

Gn＋Ge

Pressure

rise

Drive nozzle Refrigerant Cycle

EJE

CS

®Ⅰ

E

JE

CS

®Ⅱ

T

rad

itio

na

l E

jecto

r cycle

Condenser Compressor

Evaporator

Expansion

valve

Ejector

Gn

Accumulator Ge

Gn

絞り

Ge Upwind evaporator

Downwind evaporator

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’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15

Refrigerator truck

（R404A)

Stationary products（CO2)

Car air conditioner

（R134a)

●World first Ejector

●World first

CO2 Ejector

（EcoCute）

DENSO’s ejector products development

World first mass production type ejector was released in 2003

●Cool box

Vending

machine

●EJECS®Ⅱ

2 temperature evaporator

（EcoCute）

●EJECS®Ⅱ

(Car air conditioner)

●EJECS®Ⅱ

2 temperature evaporator

●EJECS®Ⅱ

（STEP2）

Ejector are

Integrated in evaporator. Space

saving

Ejector

Collaborated with

Fuji electric

●

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CO2 heat pump water heater

-EcoCute-

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Gas cooler

Compressor

Accumulator Evaporator

Electric drive

Ejector

Internal HEX

Magnet valve

Coil

Ejector

Drive flow

Suction

flow

Drive

flow

Suction flow

Adjustable

needle

Nozzle

Diffuser

Mixing

section

EJECS®I (since 2003)

EJECS®II (since 2008)

Electric drive

Ejector

Electric drive

Expansion valve

CO2 refrigerant cycle & Ejector for EcoCute

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EJECS®I EJECS®Ⅱ

Refrig

era

nt c

ycle

Fro

st on e

vapora

tor

High temp.

Low temp.

Partition

frost to

downwind

side Concentrated

upwind side Low temp.

Refrigerant

Tube Fin

Frost Air flow

Longer defrost

interval

Purpose of adapting EJECS®Ⅱ cycle

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Experimental result under frost condition

Experimental condition：

JIS C9220 A2 high hot water condition

Larger frost amount on downwind side & longer defrost interval was confirmed

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

EJECS®I EJECS®Ⅱ

Fro

st r

atio

on

up

win

d s

ide

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

EJECS®I EJECS®Ⅱ

Fro

st r

atio

on

do

wn

win

d …

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

EJECS®I EJECS®Ⅱ

Tota

l fro

st a

mo

un

t R

atio

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

EJECS®I EJECS®Ⅱ

Def

rost

inte

rval

rat

io

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Performance improvement

Thanks to better COP in A2 condition, APF was improved by 7.7%

Measuring condition：

JIS C9220

Ann

ual pow

er

consum

ption

（C

om

pa

red

with

EJE

CS

I c

ycle）

7.7% energy saving

EJECS®I

0.85

0.90

0.95

1.00

0.80

1.05

EJECS® II

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CO2 refrigerant vending machine

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Conventional system

Developed system

Thermistor

Gas cooler

Inverter

Compressor

Internal

HEX

Evaporator

Inside HEX

Compressor Accumulator

Evaporator

Ejector

Gas cooler

Inverter

Inside HEX

CO2 refrigerant cycle for vending machine

Joint development with Fuji electric

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Conventional

■EcoCute

Control high

pressure for heating

Developed

■Vending machine

M

Gas cooler

Compressor

Accumulator Evaporator 1

Ejector

Evaporator 2

Evaporator 3

Control low pressure by monitoring ejector outlet temp.

Issue

M

Gas cooler

Compressor

Accumulator

Evaporator

Ejector

New control scheme

Each evaporator

outlet temperature

are different

Poor response

Stable refrigerant cycle control and COP improved was achieved

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Energy saving effect

Annual pow

er

consum

ption

（C

om

pare

d w

ith t

raditio

nal c

ycle）

25% energy saving

Developed model

(with ejector)

Conventional model

(without ejector)

25% energy saving was achieved by ejector

→Top class energy saving including HFO machine !

Measuring condition：

JIS B 8561 : 2007

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Expanding ejector technology to other field

Contribute energy saving by expanding ejector to other refrigerant cycle.

Cool BOX Refrigerator truck 2003 ～

Ejector technology

－New generation refrigerant cycle－

2007～

Vehicle

2003～

Car air conditioner

2009～ STEP1

2013～ STEP2

Vending machine

2015 ～

Stationary A/C

Commercial

refrigerator

Stationary

EcoCute

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Thank you for your attention!