Energy Resources: Production and Consumption

prepared by

Dr Jehad Yamin

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Contents• Non-Renewable Energy Resources [slide 3]• Renewable Energy Sources [slide 4]• Peak Production of Petroleum in US [slide 5]• Projected World Peak Production of Petroleum [slide 6]• Projected World Peak Production of Petroleum [slide 7]• Regional Shares of Crude Oil [slide 8]• World Oil Production [slide 9]• World Total Primary Energy Supply [slide 10]• World Total Energy Consumption Projections [slide 11]• World Total Energy Consumption Projections (by fuel type) [slide 12]• World Total Energy Consumption 1990 -2020 (by region) [slide 13]• U.S. Energy Flow [slide 14]• U.S. Energy Consumption and Renewable Supply [slide 15] • Additional Resources [slide 16]

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Non-Renewable Energy Sources

• Conventional– Petroleum– Natural Gas– Coal– Nuclear

• Unconventional (examples)– Oil Shale– Natural gas hydrates in marine sediment

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Renewable Energy Sources• Solar photovoltaics• Solar thermal power• Passive solar air and water heating• Wind• Hydropower • Biomass• Ocean energy• Geothermal• Waste to Energy

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World Energy Consumption

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World Energy Consumption

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World Total Energy Consumption 1990 -2020 (Quadrillion Btu)

Region/Country 1990 1997 2020United States 84.0 94.2 120.9Western Europe 59.9 64.0 78.4Japan 18.1 21.3 25.4China 27.0 36.7 97.3Former Soviet Union 61.0 40.8 57.3Total World 346.7 379.9 607.7

BP Statistical Review of World Energy

June 2012bp.com/statisticalreview

Oil

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Oil reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios

Distribution of proved oil reserves

Oil production/consumption by region

Oil consumption per capita

Oil product consumption by region

Oil product consumption by region

Chart of Rotterdam & Gulf Coast product prices

Chart of crude oil prices since 1861

Chart of refinery utilisation

Chart of regional refining margins

Major oil trade movements

Global oil reserves rose by 31 billion barrels to 1,653 billion barrels in 2011

• Iraq added 28 billion bbls and Russia, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia all increased reserves by 1 billion bbls.

• Proved reserves remain concentrated in OPEC which controls 72% of the world’s oil reserves, the highest proportion since 1998.

• Overall, the long-term trend is the world continues to add more reserves than it uses while the global R/P ratio stands at 54.2 at the end of 2011.

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Natural Gas

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Gas reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Distribution of proved gas reserves

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Gas production/consumption by region

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Gas consumption per capita

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Chart of gas prices

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Major gas trade movements

Coal

Coal reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios

Distribution of proved coal reserves

Coal production/consumption by region

Coal consumption per capita

Renewable energy

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 © BP 2012

Renewable energy consumption/share of power

Renewable energy production by region

Biofuels

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Geothermal capacity • Geothermal capacity grew by just 0.8% (88 MW) in 2011, to

reach 11 GW. Geothermal capacity has now been overtaken by solar power capacity, but geothermal power runs at a much higher load factor solar (its source is continuous rather than intermittent), so geothermal still produces significantly more electricity than solar.

• Only two major projects were completed in 2011, in Iceland (90 MW) and Costa Rica (42 MW), while Mexico shut down an old plant (78 MW). The US has the largest geothermal capacity, now just over 3.1 GW (28.3% of the world total), followed by the Philippines (2.0 GW), Indonesia (1.2 GW) and Mexico (0.9 GW).

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Solar capacity

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Wind capacity

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