Energy Planning & Development Energy Planning & Development for Community Sustainabilityfor Community Sustainability

Presented by:

Jay WrobelJay WrobelSenior EconomistSenior Economist

Sustainable Energy Planning OfficeGas Technology Institute

Gas Technology InstituteGas Technology Institutewww.gastechnology.orgwww.gastechnology.org

• 340+ scientists, engineers, analysts, planners & contract managers– Hydrogen systems research & development– Renewable energy systems development– Cleaner combustion technologies– Energy efficient technologies & systems– Performance testing & optimization– Sustainable community energy planning

• Nonprofit research organization developing sustainable energy & environmental technology solutions

• Funded by government & energy industries

Presentation ContentPresentation Content

Context & Catalyst for Sustainable Energy Development

Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions

Continuing National & Global Initiatives

Context: Energy, Environment & EconomicsContext: Energy, Environment & Economics Continuing Urbanization & Consumerism has

led to Substantial Increases in Energy Demand

Inefficient Use of Energy Resources has Seriously

Degraded Local & Global Environmental Quality

& Continues to Threaten Human Health

Energy Costs for many Communities in Developing

Economies can be 70% of all Annual Expenditures

Energy Costs for most Communities in Developed

Economies are Second Only to Labor Costs

Yet, Energy Is Rarely Considered in the Design,

Development & Management of Community

Infrastructure or Systems

Exceptionally Clear Air Quality In Mexico City

Poor Air Quality

Typical Air Quality

Context: Energy & Community DevelopmentContext: Energy & Community Development

80% of U.S. Population is Urban• Land use development expanding

twice the rate of population growth

• Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) expanding three times the rate of population growth

80% of U.S. Energy is Consumed in Our Cities & Development Affects 70% of consumption!• Sprawling development consumes 85% more electricity, 70

times more water, 50 times more lumber & 40 times more land than energy-smart development

Environmental, Social & Economic Costs of Urban Energy & Resource Use is the #1 Challenge to Community Sustainability

BaltimoreUrbanization

International Competition for Sustainable Urban System Design

• Global Competition to Produce Alternative Models for Energy & Resource Efficient Community Development

• 9 National Teams Engaged in 2+ Year Research & Design Effort

• 9 Different Development Models Emerged with Similar Solutions

Catalyst: IGU Competition 2001-2003 Catalyst: IGU Competition 2001-2003

• Argentina - Buenos Aires• Canada - Vancouver• China - Changshu• Germany - Berlin• India - Goa• Japan #1 - Tokyo• Japan #2 - Mishima• Russia - Vologda• United States - San Diego / Tijuana

Catalyst: IC-SUSD ExpectationsCatalyst: IC-SUSD Expectations

• A design for an existing city that by 2103, would result in the sustainable use of all resources & the practical elimination of global greenhouse gas emissions

• Description of a “Total Energy System” in which all aspects of production, consumption and waste disposition are environmentally compatible

• A roadmap defining the institutional, economic, technological and social developments necessary to reach sustainability by 2103

Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions

Urban Sprawl Energy Consumption Impacts Material Resource Depletion Transportation Congestion

& Air Quality Impacts Water Quality Degradation Affordable Housing Scarcity Government Fragmentation Marketplace Dysfunction Public Ignorance

• Environmentally insensitive development practices and uncontrolled/unregulated growth are consuming prime agricultural, forests and wetlands, stressing natural resources & threatening biodiversity

Urban SprawlUrban SprawlChallenge

Potential Solutions• Urban containment or growth boundaries

• Mixed-use, transit oriented development & optimization of existing urban footprint

• Concentration of growth in self-sufficient urban cells/clusters or villages

Energy Consumption ImpactsEnergy Consumption Impacts

Challenge

Potential Solutions

• Over-reliance on fossil fuels & associated local & global environmental degradation

• Lack of public awareness & concern for energy efficiency & conservation

• Renewables (solar, wind, hydro., biogas, geothermal, waste-energy systems, etc.)

• Net-zero energy buildings, combined cooling-heat-power systems & distributed generation

• Community-based resources management

Material Resource DepletionMaterial Resource Depletion

Challenge

Potential Solutions

• Growing solid waste disposal dilemma

• Single-purpose use of materials in buildings, vehicles & commodities

• High embedded energy cost of materials

• Waste minimization via “Cradle-to-Cradle” design, manufacturing & commodity leasing

• Adaptive reuse of existing structures using green building standards & controls

• Utilization of alternative recyclable materials

Transportation Congestion & Air QualityTransportation Congestion & Air QualityChallenge

Potential Solutions

• Congestion across the metropolitan region, particularly along city-suburban thoroughfares

• Air emissions (ground-level ozone) & noise

• Limited availability of appealing public transit

• Efficient transit & transit-oriented development

• Surface light rail, trolley, flexi-bus and mono-rail

• Alternative fuels & propulsion systems (compressed & liquid natural gas, ethanol, hydrogen fuel cells & electric motor engines)

Challenge

Potential Solutions

• Inadequate drinking water supplies

• Urban & agricultural non-point source pollution & wetlands losses

• Inadequate control of municipal effluents

• Comprehensive watershed protection controls & stewardship programs

• Natural wastewater filtration utilizing wetlands & sanitary solids recycling

• Water reclamation and reuse

Water Quality DegradationWater Quality Degradation

MWD84%

Surface Water11%

Groundwater3%

Recycling2%

Challenge

Potential Solutions

• Cost of home ownership & “fuel poverty”

• Substandard housing w/ inadequate sanitation

• Adaptive reuse of the existing building stock to satisfy demand

• Building energy efficiency a priority

• Targeted mortgage qualification programs for reconstructed housing projects

Affordable Housing ScarcityAffordable Housing Scarcity

Challenge• No existing institutional arrangements

for ecosystem-wide sustainable development

• Lack of local control over local issues

• Regional form of governance for regional resources and functions

• Region-wide resources management & development strategy

• Neighborhood/village management councils & local autonomy to reach regional goals

Government FragmentationGovernment Fragmentation

Potential Solutions

Challenge

Potential Solutions

• Cost of environmental & social externalities excluded from commodity pricing & markets

• Government subsidies for unsustainable practices continue

• Integration of an ecological footprint approach to urban design & development

• Introduction of full-cost accounting & pricing within commercial market segments

• Consumer education & empowerment initiatives to build sustainable markets

Marketplace DysfunctionMarketplace Dysfunction

Challenge

Potential Solutions

• Most individuals are simply unaware of the impact their lifestyle choices have on the sustainability of local and global resources

• Belief that science & technology will save the day, no matter the hour

Public IgnorancePublic Ignorance

• Awareness building & educational initiatives

• Product sustainability certification & labeling

• Citizen engagement in resources management

U.S. – Mexico Design Entry

18 - Minute DVD Presentation

IC-SUSD Jury & SpecialtiesIC-SUSD Jury & Specialties

• Dr. Shigeru Ito, Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo, Japan

– Urban Planning

• Dr. Ismail Serageldin, World Bank & Curator, Alexandria Museum, Egypt

– Sustainable Development

• Dr. Ernst U. von Weizsacker, Member of the German Parliament, Germany

– Global Environment

• Dr. Stephen Graham, Newcastle University, United Kingdom

– Information Technology

• Mr. Casio Taniguchi, Mayor Curitiba City, Brazil

– City Management

• Ms. Haikyung Shin, Correspondent, Joong-Ang Ilbo, Korea

– Culture & Lifestyle

• Mr. Gary Neale, Chairman, President, CEO, Nisource, Inc., United States

– Energy

Accept Responsibility for Creating Accept Responsibility for Creating More Sustainable CommunitiesMore Sustainable Communities

Lead the Effort to Build Healthier Communities, Worldwide!

Develop Cleaner Energy Technologies & Consumer Market Demand

Consider Energy Impacts Across All Community End-Uses

Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping Initiative

Continuing National Continuing National & Global Initiatives& Global Initiatives

The Global Energy Center for Community Sustainability

Sustainable Urban Energy Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping InitiativeRoadmapping Initiative

• Goal:“Accelerate adoption of sustainable energy planning, technologies

and best management practices among U.S. communities”

• Objectives & Approach:• Characterize community needs & barriers

• Nationwide assessment - 90 city survey

• Series of regional problem-solving workshops

• Examine alignment of gov’t resources w/ needs• “Gap Analysis” of Federal & State EO’s program resources

• Improve alignment via future R&DD agenda & initiatives • Collaborative multi-level government strategy

Sustainable Urban Energy Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping InitiativeRoadmapping Initiative

• Current National Status• DOE/EERE funding likely in FY’05, pending current reorganization of deployment programs

• Proceeding with a California-Focused SUE Project Initiative• California Energy Commission/PIEREA

• SEMPRA Energy Utilities

• Other California Utilities• PG&E, SMUD, SCE, LA-DW&P, PGIP, SW-Gas, Sierra Pacific, Vista Utilities

• Will Create Basis for New PIER Program & Funding

Public-Private Partnership Initiative to Advancethe Sustainable Use of All Energy Resources within Communities

The Global Energy CenterThe Global Energy Center for Community Sustainability for Community Sustainability

(GEC)(GEC)

• U.S. Department of Energy – Secretary’s National Energy Policy Office– Support from the White House & State Department

• City of San Diego – Mayor’s Office

• City of Honolulu – Mayor’s Office

• Gas Technology Institute

GEC InitiatorsGEC Initiators

GEC Mission & ApproachGEC Mission & Approach

Integrate Cleaner & Efficient Energy Resources & Technologies into the Design, Development & Management of All Urban Systems

Promote the Efficient Use of Energy in the Development of Economically, Socially & Environmentally Healthy Communities

GEC Technology Focus AreaGEC Technology Focus Area

Air QualityWater Quality

Waste Management Land Use Development

TransportationCommunications

Industrial FacilitiesBuilding Systems

URBAN URBAN SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

EnvironmentalQuality

EnergySupply

Built Infrastructure

GenerationTransmissionDistribution

Security

RenewablesCleaner Fossil

Advanced SystemsDistributed Resources

GEC Management Focus AreaGEC Management Focus Area

Best Practices Regulatory Models

Community Participation

Industrial Ecology Market Mechanisms

Technology Financing

HUMAN HUMAN SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

Governance

Planning& Design

Economic Development

Energy PlanningUrban Ecology Design Models

Life Cycle Analysis Performance Indicators Resource Management

GEC ActivitiesGEC Activities

• KnowledgeKnowledge– Baseline assessments & benchmarks– International / regional exchanges

• ToolsTools– Energy efficient technologies & practices– Education, training & demonstrations

• CapitalCapital– Market development for energy technologies – Intermediary financial services for projects

• GovernanceGovernance– Promotion of regional energy management– Facilitation of urban leadership exchanges

• Action PlansAction Plans– Model designs & technical assistance

• Urbanizing Communities, WorldwideUrbanizing Communities, Worldwide• Developed and developing economies

• Communities with basic energy services

• Public & Private Entities That Serve ThemPublic & Private Entities That Serve Them• Federal, regional & state agencies

• Financial & development institutions

• Technology developers & providers

• Research & academic institutions

• Non-governmental organizations

GEC Targeted BeneficiariesGEC Targeted Beneficiaries

GEC Proposed AnnouncementGEC Proposed Announcement

• 19th World Energy Congress– Sydney, Australia – September 5th, 2004

“Delivering Sustainability: Opportunities and Challenges

for the Energy Industry”

For More Information:For More Information:

Sustainable Energy Planning OfficeSustainable Energy Planning Office1700 South Mount Prospect Road1700 South Mount Prospect Road

Des Plaines, IL 60018Des Plaines, IL 60018847-390-7800847-390-7800

www.gastechnology.org/sustainabilitywww.gastechnology.org/sustainability