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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

FY 2018 Energy Management Report Summary

Table of Contents

SECTION 1 - MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION SUMMARY

A. Energy Management Infrastructure 1. Senior Agency Official 2. Agency Energy Team

B. Management Tools 1. Awards 2. Performance Evaluations 3. Training, Education and Outreach 4. Use of Energy and Water Efficiency measures in Facilities Covered under

EISA Section 432

SECTION 2 - ENERGY EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE SUMMARY

A. Energy Intensity Reduction Performance 1. Goal Subject Buildings 2. Non-Fleet Vehicles and Equipment Fuel Use

B. Clean Energy 1. On-Site Generated Renewable Energy 2. Purchased Renewable Energy

C. Water Conservation D. Facility Metering E. Federal Building Energy Efficiency Standards

SECTION 3 - IMPLEMENTATION HIGHLIGHTS OF FY 2018

A. Life-Cycle Cost Analysis B. Retrofits and Capital Improvement Projects C. Use of Performance Contracts

1. Energy-Savings Performance Contracts (ESPCs) 2. Utility Energy Services Contracts (UESCs)

D. Use of ENERGY STAR® and Other Energy-Efficient Products E. Sustainable Building Design and High-Performance Buildings F. Energy Efficiency/Sustainable Design in Lease Provisions G. Distributed Generation, including use on on-site renewable energy resources and

combined cooling, heating, and power systems

U. S. Department of the Interior FY 2018 Energy Management Narrative

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SECTION 1 – Management and Administration Summary

Agency Information Agency Department of the Interior

Agency Contact(s) Mary Heying

Contact(s) Information [email protected]

A. Energy Management Infrastructure 1. Senior Agency Official Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary – Policy Management and

Budget The Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary - Policy, Management and Budget is the Department of the Interior’s (DOI, Interior) Chief Sustainability Official responsible for meeting the goals of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct), Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), and Executive Order (EO) 13834.

2. Agency Energy Team

Implementation of the Energy Management and Conservation Program within Interior is the responsibility of the Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary - Policy, Management and Budget and is delegated to the Office of Acquisition and Property Management through the Deputy Assistant Secretary – Budget, Finance, Performance, and Acquisition. Interior’s Energy Management Team consists of Bureau Chief Sustainability Officers and Bureau Senior Asset Management Officers who are responsible for managing Interior’s environmental and real property assets. In addition, the Departmental Energy Conservation Committee (DECC), composed of bureau representatives ranging from property management specialists to engineers, is a forum to communicate information regarding energy management and water conservation issues; discuss best management practices; and provide advice and recommendations to senior leadership on energy management initiatives and policies as well as guidance on bureau energy management operations. Departmental offices and bureaus with responsibility for energy and water management at Interior facilities include the following:

Office of the Secretary, Office of Facilities and Administrative Services (OFAS);

Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA);

Bureau of Indian Education (BIE);

Bureau of Land Management (BLM);

Bureau of Reclamation (BOR);

Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE)

National Park Service (NPS);

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS); and

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

mailto:[email protected]


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Departmental and bureau energy personnel collaborate with their counterparts throughout the Federal Government through interagency work groups, and work closely with experts from the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP).

B. Management Tools 1. Awards

Interior bureaus take advantage of employee incentive programs to reward their exceptional employees. Interior actively participates in FEMP awards programs and related awareness campaigns. One Interior nomination was the recipient of DOE’s FY 2018 Federal Energy and Water Management Awards:

OFAS - Stewart Lee Udall Department of the Interior Building, Washington, DC (Project Award) . The project team completed the implementation of a $39 million energy savings performance contract (ESPC) at the Stewart Lee Udall Department of the Interior Building (Main Interior Building) that reduced energy consumption by 41 percent and water consumption by 77 percent for significant utility cost savings. The project included the installation of the Department’s first combined cooling, heating, and power system, which completely eliminated the need for purchased steam. The building generates more than 90 percent of its own electricity, improving system reliability and the site’s resilience. Water consumption is greatly reduced by the installation of new low flow plumbing fixtures and most significantly through a groundwater and rainwater harvesting system.

Three Interior employees were recognized by FEMP’s FEDS Spotlight program at the 2018 Energy Exchange. These federal energy champions embody the principles of efficient and innovative energy, water, and fleet management by connecting, collaborating, and conserving.

NPS – Mary Tidlow, Washington Support Office, Washington, DC. Ms. Tidlow helped guide the development of an energy module that captures cost and consumption information for 22,000 National Park Service assets and distributes the usage to the individual building level. Her team also developed a dashboard that provides critical data from 16 different facility data systems back to field staff to facilitate improved energy and water management.

OFAS - James Grisham, Office of the Secretary, Office of Facilities and Administrative Services, Washington, DC. Mr. Grisham oversaw the development and execution of the Main Interior Building’s ESPC from initial solicitation to project acceptance, working closely with his FEMP federal project executive to secure the proper training and monitoring of the energy service company’s day-to-day construction activities to ensure project success.

USGS - Kyle Sato, Western Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, WA. Mr. Sato built upon his own project successes and knowledge with assistance from FEMP to implement award-winning water-conservation efforts at the USGS Western Fisheries Research Center. More recently, Mr. Sato assisted with a


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multi-site ESPC for USGS followed by a utility energy service contract (UESC) award at the Western Fisheries Research Center.

2. Performance Evaluations

Interior recognizes the Energy Management Program responsibilities of facility managers, energy managers, designers, and senior leadership through the identification and incorporation of their responsibilities in performance evaluations and position descriptions.

3. Training, Education and Outreach

In FY 2018, energy management training was provided for 923 personnel. DOI attendees participated in a wide range of presentations on energy management and leadership, new technologies and innovation, as well as attended FEMP’s 2018 Energy Exchange. Interior energy managers provided information to personnel on available energy management training, and encouraged them to attend as much training as operational requirements and funding permitted. Energy managers involved in building energy efficiency and water conservation have attended training and workshops offered by FEMP, as well as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), the Green Building Research Institute, and the American Association of Energy Engineers. Several personnel participated in University level coursework, and attended University sponsored conferences. DOI energy personnel attended on-site training and satellite broadcasts of FEMP courses on metering technologies, power purchase agreements, ESPC, and UESC. The BLM uses the Sustainability Inspection Training course in DOI Talent (formerly DOILearn) to educate BLM facilities engineering personnel on how to make BLM facilities more energy, water and environmentally efficient. This course trains all facility personnel on sustainable processes and educates them on what to look for at a facility. To date over 95 percent of the BLM’s facility staff have completed and passed the course, as well as DOI personnel and contractors. BLM evaluates the purchase of ENERGY STAR® products and other environmentally preferred products (e.g., USDA BioPreferred and EPA Comprehensive Procurement Guideline products) during its sustainability audits. Training on green purchasing mandates is also provided when requested by the field. A number of BOR offices held smaller targeted classes often facilitated by BOR “green teams” to discuss sustainability issues and develop strategies for continued improvements in reductions of energy and water consumption; sustainable building operations; waste management; and other environmental efficiency goals. The Pacific Northwest Region held computer-based and webinar training with field office staff to instruct in conservation methods, and products available for energy and water conservation to help further expand their Energy and Sustainability programs within the Region. Similarly, Elephant Butte Dam Field Office in our Upper Colorado Region


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modified Contracting practices, and trained staff on new practices to ensure Energy Star compliance in all new procurements. FWS continued to promote all greening products and services, including ENERGY STAR® products, through established policies. Specifically, FWS has updated “A Practical Greening Manual for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service” with up-to-date links and purchasing processes. Also, each region has designated a Green Procurement lead in each of the Regional Contracting Offices. NPS held four Climate Friendly Parks workshops to help park employees integrate sustainability into operations, learn about climate change, develop mitigation action plans, and educate the public. These workshops were held at: George Washington Birthplace NM, Virginia; Little River Canyon NP-Russell Cave NM, Alabama; Natchez Trace Parkway, Mississippi; and Sitka NHP, Alaska. Numerous park personel completed training in facility energy and water management, as well as, training on energy data reporting and water and wastewater treatment facility certifications. All maintenance personnel at Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller NHP, Vermont, received training in operation of the Carriage Barn Geothermal HVAC system and the Belvedere Pellet Boiler, both installed in FY 2018. As per terms of the ESPC, AMERESCO Construction provided training to relevant OFAS civilian personnel and contractors responsible for maintaining energy and water management requirements in the Udall Main Interior Building, Washington, DC. This training encompassed operation and maintenance on: intelligent hood exhaust systems, electrical substations, building automation systems, and advanced occupancy lighting systems, in addition to water management requirements such as water treatment systems and water harvesting. OFAS purchasers have consistently sought out products and services with the following attributes: (1) products that provide peak energy efficiency, such as those with the ENERGY STAR® label or those identified by FEMP; (2) products that provide water efficiency, such as those within the EPA WaterSense® program; and products low in and/or free of volatile organic compounds (VOC). USGS Energy and Water Management Program provided quarterly updates on energy and water consumption to facility managers, and distributed a newsletter "Efficiency News You Can Use" that highlights successful USGS case studies, projects, awards and personnel. The USGS Facility Energy Program Manager met with the Facility Energy Managers from the top 12 USGS energy use sites, including Covered Facilities, to review FY 2017 energy and water consumption data, and discuss concerns and needs. Quarterly updates on energy and water consumption are provided to facility managers. Additionally, the USGS National Center in Reston, Virginia, held an Earth Day Expo in April 2018 to highlight energy and water efficiency and sustainable practices. Seventeen displays from local businesses, utilities, organizations and USGS offices featured information on renewable energy, energy efficiency, sustainable commuting, recycling, and more. The National Center formed a Green Team in FY 2018 that currently is focusing on pollinator gardens, composting and reducing paper towel waste. USGS acquisitions and facilities staff work with a scientific researcher on-site to promote procurement and use of ENERGY STAR® equipment.


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4. Use of Energy and Water Efficiency measures in Facilities Covered under the Energy Independence and Security Act Section 432 Section 432 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) requires that agencies complete comprehensive energy and water evaluations on its covered facilities that make up 75 percent of its facility energy use. Agencies should evaluate approximately 25 percent of their covered facilities annually so that all facilities are evaluated once every four years. Agency progress towards meeting Section 432 requirements are measured in DOE FEMP’s Compliance Tracking System (CTS). In July 2018, Interior bureaus evaluated 90 percent of its EISA covered facilities due for evaluations. Interior bureaus continue to enter implemented project data into CTS. Since 2008 to the present, the total project implementation costs reported in CTS is $216,121,990. These projects were implemented through the use of appropriated funding – construction, building rehabilitation, and operations and maintenance funding, as well as American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding, ESPCs, and UESCs. Interior bureaus continue to benchmark EISA covered facility buildings which are individually metered for electricity. Entering implemented project data and exporting benchmark data into CTS are ongoing processes throughout the fiscal year. The BLM SI CASHE team exists to inspect all EISA covered facilities and ensure all federal guidelines are followed. The team inspects approximately 25 percent of BLM’s EISA covered facilities annually. BOR’s internal Technical Service Center completes EISA evaluations utilizing both onsite and remote desktop evaluations. The desktop process was limited to facilities which had undergone a previous evaluation within the last three years. Any facility that had not been previously evaluated or showed unusual energy or water consumption underwent a traditional onsite evaluation. The results on all assessments will be used to further hone BOR approach to EISA evaluations. BOR is committed to meeting EISA evaluation requirements in the most cost efficient and unobtrusive way possible. Evaluations within the FWS were accomplished by Regional Energy Managers, supplemented by walk-through inspections by Project Leaders and maintenance personnel at the field stations and local contractors, as necessary. OFAS utilized the comprehensive investment grade audit from its ongoing ESPC to complete energy and water evaluations at the Main Interior Complex. Projects were implemented through the multi-phased ESPC. Contractors complete energy and water evaluations at NPS EISA covered facilities. Identified energy conservation measures (ECM) have been implemented through operations and maintenance funding, major renovations, UESCs and ESPCs. USGS is exploring various execution options for its next round of evaluations, including remote auditing, desk audits, and audits in conjunction with facility condition assessments.


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SECTION 2 – Energy Efficiency Performance Summary

A. Energy Intensity Reduction Performance Summary 1. Goal Subject Buildings

In FY 2018, Interior's goal subject building energy intensity was 43,427 Btu per gross square foot. This represents a total reduction in energy consumption per gross square foot of 46.2 percent relative to the FY 2003 baseline and 13.2 percent reduction from the FY 2015 baseline. Both reduction rates are slightly less than FY 2017 rates. Total energy costs in goal subject buildings increased by less than a half percent. In accordance with “Guidelines Establishing Criteria for Excluding Buildings from the Energy Performance Requirements of Section 543 of the National Energy Conservation Policy Act, as amended by the Energy Policy Act of 2005,” Interior has categorized energy usage primarily from pumps, aerators, fish feeders, hatchery production, exterior lighting and security at FWS facilities; monitoring stations and laboratory bio-waste incinerators at USGS facilities; energy usage from exterior lighting, communication systems, and wastewater treatment systems at NPS sites; and electricity use at BLM’s Helium Plant and BOR’s Desalination Plant and Brine Injection Plant as “assumed exclusion of structures and processes that do not qualify as Federal buildings.” The majority of these energy processes do not have an associated building gross square footage and will significantly skew building energy usage. In addition, these processes are driven by mission and operational requirements.

2. Non-Fleet Vehicle and Equipment Fuel Use

In FY 2018, Interior used 2.58 million gallons of gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, E-85 and propane in vessels, heavy equipment, standby generators, all-terrain vehicles, blowers, mowers, outboard motors, and other small equipment not reported on-line via GSA’s Federal Automotive Statistical Tool. A total of 787.2 thousand gallons of aviation gasoline, jet fuel, and Navy special fuel were used in aviation and large vessels.

B. Renewable Energy 1. On-Site Generated Renewable Energy

In FY 2018, Interior used 82,370.5 MWh of renewable electricity from on-site projects and through the purchase of green energy from utility providers and the purchase of renewable energy certificates. This represents13.4 percent of Interior’s total facility electricity use and exceeds the statutory requirement of 7.5 percent of facility electricity use. Of the 13.4 percent, 10.5 percent represents on-site renewable electricity generation including bonus; 1.4 percent represents renewable electricity purchased through the utility provider; and 1.5 percent represents the purchase of renewable energy certificates. The use of on-site renewable energy sources are encouraged if the development of the resource is economically, environmentally, and technically feasible. Additionally, Interior used 26,678 million Btus of non-electric renewable energy from on-


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site thermal energy sources, such as solar hot water heater, solar vent preheat, ground source heat pumps, and direct geothermal The following new renewable energy projects were implemented or studied in FY 2018: BIA Dishchii’bikoh Community School (Cibecue), Arizona, water system was renovated and utilized solar panels to run remote sensing equipment for water storage and metric metering. BLM plans to upgrade a 5 kW photovoltaic (PV) system at Kane Gulch, Utah, and two 10 kW PV systems at the Brandenburg Ranger Station and at San Pedro, Arizona, with more efficient panels. BOR Yuma Area Office, Arizona, completed a 130 kW PV system, which significantly reduced the amount of commercial energy purchased at this facility. Provo Area Office, Utah, Pleasant Grove Maintenance Building completed a 67.2 kW Solar Generation Net-Metering System. Two generating units at Blue Mesa Power Plant, Colorado, are undergoing generator rewinds, which will increase the efficiency of renewable hydropower generation by producing more electricity with the same amount of water flow. Project completion is expected in FY 2020. Phoenix Area Office, Arizona, is planning to install PV panels on existing carports to offset their commercial energy requirement. This project is in its early design stages with completion expected by FY 2020. FWS Fergus Falls Wetland Management District’s Prairie Wetlands Learning Center, Minnesota, completed the installation of a 100-ton closed-loop, ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system. The new Interpretive Center at Genoa National Fish Hatchery (NFH), Wisconsin, installed a16-ton, open-loop GSHP system utilizing well water for the heat pump system that will then circulate out of the building to be used by the hatchery for fish rearing. A 3 kW PV system was mounted on a cool roof at the hatchery. A 20 kW solar PV system and 18 ton GSHP was installed at the new Headquarters / Multipurpose Buildings at Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Colorado. A 10 kW solar PV system for the Biological building and a 5 kW solar PV system for the water treatment building were completed in FY 2018 at the Bosque Del Apache NWR, New Mexico. Las Vegas NWR, Nevada, completed the construction of 15 kW PV systems on the Maintenance building and parking shade structure. San Marcos NFH, Texas, completed the installation of a 9 kW solar PV system on the roof of the New Edwards Aquifer Authority’s Refuge building. Sevilleta NWR, New Mexico, installed a 5 kW off-grid solar PV system to pump water to the refuge’s Mexican wolf holding pens. An 18.5 kW solar PV array on the Refuge Shop Roof at Parker River NWR, Massachusetts, was completed in FY 2018. A total of 43 kW net-metered solar PV systems at three buildings and structures at Great Meadows NWR, Massachusetts, became operational in FY 2018. Target Rock NWR, New York, added 6.4 kW of solar PV panels on the Pebble Cottage roof. A new shop building at Assabet NWR, Massachusetts, is planned to include 10 kW solar PV system. Construction of the new Headquarters and Visitor’s Center at the Crab Orchard NWR, Illinois, is scheduled to begin in FY 2019, which will include an 18.8 kW PV system. In FY 2018, NPS Mesa Verde NP, Colorado, completed the expansion of the existing PV system at the Visitor and Research Center to 115 kW. The Visitor and Research Center


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is now net zero electricity. Mount Rainer NP, Washington completed a 25 kW solar hybrid array at Sunrise Visitor Center. A 9 kW and 10 kW PV systems were installed at Hagerman Fossil Beds NM and Minindoka NHS, Idaho, respectively. Solar PV systems were also installed at: 15 kW – Carl Sandburg Home NHS, North Carolina; and 25 kW – Cable Mill Visitor Center, Great Smoky Mountains NP, Tennessee. LED solar powered lights were installed at Cane River Creole NHP, Louisiana, and Amistad NRA, Texas. A geothermal heat pump was installed at Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller NHP, Vermont; and a 6-ton geothermal heat pump was installed at Ulysses S. Grant NHS, Missouri. USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, North Dakota, will begin a new design on an HVAC replacement project for the main Administration building and the Riverside Building. As part of the replacement design, ground source heat pumps or other alternative energy approaches will be analyzed. Upper Midwest Environmental Science Center, Wisconsin, completed a feasibility study on a 98-kW PV array for the roof of the lab. The PV project has an estimated cost of $196,000 and generating 119,000 kWh annually. The project will be submitted for USGS Deferred Maintenance and Capital Improvement funding.

2. Purchased Renewable Energy

Interior continues to purchase energy from renewable sources. In FY 2018, BLM, BOR, NPS, OFAS, and USGS purchased a total of 18,379 MWh of renewable energy from utility providers and through renewable energy certificates. Renewable energy sources included: biomass, biogas (captured methane), geothermal, and wind.

C. Water Conservation

In FY 2018, Interior reported potable water consumption of 3.4 billion gallons at a cost of $10.9 million. This established Interior’s FY 2018 water intensity at 47.5 gallons per gross square foot, which represents a 24.2 percent reduction relative to the FY 2007 baseline, which exceeds the FY 2018 EO 13834 potable water intensity reduction goal of 22 percent. Interior remains committed to the efficient use of non-potable water resources and will continue to make improvements in delivery and use of water wherever feasible. Most of Interior’s non-potable water use is for mission related functions. These water uses include: care and feeding of animals and wildlife, including endangered species; establishment and propagation of wildlife habitats; agricultural uses associated with BLM’s farm program; power generation; the distribution of water as a result of water rights, contracts, or Tribal agreements; and wildland firefighting. BIA replacement school projects have water efficient technologies, such as low flow faucets, toilets and shower heads to meet LEED requirements and Sustainable Building Guidelines. Dishchii’bikoh Community School (Cibecue), Arizona, water system was renovated. BOR Area and Field offices are working to reduce water used for landscaping and irrigation. Mid-Pacific Construction Office, California, replaced 2,325 square feet of turf watered by sprinklers to xeriscape with drip irrigation to reduce water consumption,


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achieving a 25 percent reduction since the project began in 2015. Pleasant Grove Maintenance Building, Utah, which is currently under construction, will use rock mulch, native plants, and no grass for its outdoor landscaping. The irrigation system is designed to use untreated secondary irrigation water through a drip irrigation system, using WaterSense® products where available. Eastern Colorado Area Office, Colorado, is in the process of authorizing and coordinating a ground water recharge project on an area of land known as the Narrows Project, the site of a planned but never executed dam project. This project will involve constructing wetlands and other methods of aquifer groundwater recharge, which is often drawn-down due to excessive irrigation in the area. FWS Sevilleta NWR, Texas, the water distribution piping at the Wolf pens were replaced to eliminate leaks caused by freezing in the winter months; rainwater collection and yard irrigation systems were installed the Headquarters building. Construction of the Office and Visitor Center at the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge, Michigan, was completed in FY 2018. This project incorporated green infrastructure elements such as rainwater harvesting, tree canopy, bio-swales, pocket wetlands, and rain gardens. Low flow plumbing fixtures, and several water bottle refilling stations were installed at many NPS units: Weir Farm NHS, Connecticut; Black Canyon of the Gunnison NP / Curecanti NRA, Colorado; Steamtown NHS, Pennsylvania; Pecos NHP, New Mexico; Chattahoochee River NRA, Georgia; Effigy Mounds NM, Iowa; Kaloko-Honokohau NHP, Hawaii; Jimmy Carter NHS and Andersonville NHS, Georgia. Saint-Gaudens NHS, New Hampshire, completed an assessment of the park’s entire water system. Much of the water system infrastructure will be replaced in FY 2019, with additional water metering and monitoring capabilities added to the system. Other parks that replaced or repaired water lines due to leaks in FY 2018 include: Wilson’s Creek NB, Missouri; Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller NHP, Vermont; Catoctin Mountain Park, Maryland; Nez Perce NHP, Idaho; Lake Meredith NRA, Texas; and Big South Fork NRRA, Tennessee. Oregon Caves NM and Preserve, Oregon, completed Phase 2 of the water distribution system rehabilitation with Phase 3 scheduled for FY 2019. Many parks incorporated outdoor irrigation improvements, rainwater capture and reuse, and native drought-tolerant plants to reduce irrigation requirements: Pu’ukohola Heiau NHS, Hawaii; Carl Sandburg Home NHS, North Carolina; Nez Perce NHP, Idaho; Gateway Arch NP, Missouri; and Roger Williams NM, Massachusetts. Organ Pipe Cactus NM, Arizona, constructed a vehicle wash rack and disposal system which will recycle water and use greywater. Cuyahoga Valley NP, Ohio, completed the construction of a storm water detention basin at Hines Hill, with additional green infrastructure features planned in the outyears. OFAS Udall Main Interior Building, Washington, DC, plans to continue the upgrade of restrooms with high efficiency toilets, urinals and faucet / aerators. A rainwater diversion and capture system will be installed on the green roof stormwater headers. USGS National Center, Virginia, completed a steam trap evaluation that led to the replacement of 27 steam traps and the insulation of all steam traps, which will reduce water use of the boiler system. S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center, Massachusetts, installed a water reclamation system that captures normally discharged well water used in a heat exchanger to temper research water. The discharge water is now used for fish research water in the Solar Building eliminating the use of city water and reducing pumping requirements for the system by reusing water on the campus.


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Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Maryland, is completing a project that will save roughly 6 million gallons per month of well water by eliminating leaks in the old system and various water system upgrades. A new system for watering birds will be installed utilizing three new pump houses with variable drives to run the pumps only as needed instead of 24/7 as was the previous operation. In addition, one research program is being upgraded with a closed loop filtered system to replace a once through system. Upper Midwest Environmental Science Center, Wisconsin, upgraded the waste water treatment plant and installed flow meters to monitor usage. The outfall discharge points were redesigned down to two points, so that they could be effectively monitored to determine usage, which in turn will help identify areas of savings. Western Fisheries Research Center, Washington, will convert the source of the cooling tower water make-up from city water to lake water. This project is estimated to save $5,340, annually. Numerous sites upgraded or plan to upgrade restrooms with low flow or automated fixtures: Earth Resources Observation Center, South Dakota; Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, North Dakota; Boise District Office, Idaho; Leestown Science Center, West Virginia; and S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center, Massachusetts.

D. Facility Metering

DOI bureaus continue to install building level meters in accordance with bureau metering implementation plans and available funding. In FY 2019, BLM will pilot use of eGauge advanced meters within the State of Colorado to improve time of use understanding of facility energy consumption and load profiles. If the pilot is successful, these meters will be used on all renewable installations and large facilities with complicated HVAC systems. OFAS Udall Main Interior Building, Washington, DC, installed water submeters on the cooling towers to monitor water use. NPS Mesa Verde NP, Colorado, installed water and electric meters on the new headquarters area comfort station. Wind Cave NP, South Dakota, installed a new water meter and upgraded water piping. Theodore Roosevelt NP, North Dakota, installed two new water meters in FY 2018 at the North and South Units of the Wildlife Handling Facility. Cuyahoga Valley NP, Ohio, installed three new water meters at park building. New water and / or electric meters are planned to be installed at: Ozark National Scenic Riverway, Missouri; Chiricahua NM, Arizona; Saint-Gaudens NHS, New Hampshire; and Lassen Volcanic NP, California. USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, North Dakota, installed three water meters on the quarters building. In FY 2019, the facility manager will analyze which buildings need separate electric meters. The new Hammond Bay Biological Station, Michigan, laboratory includes new metering, particularly for lake water use as required by permits. In addition, the building will have a new Building Automation System (BAS). Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Maryland, installed electric meters on three pump houses. Upper Midwest Environmental Science Center, Wisconsin, is investigating the installation of pulse meters tied to the existing BAS system to achieve real-time electric utility metering.


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E. Federal Building Energy Efficiency Standards

Since the beginning of FY 2007, 425 new building designs have been designed to be 30 percent more energy efficient than the relevant code or have been designed to the highest level of energy efficiency that is life-cycle cost effective. Section 109 of EPAct 2005 requires that, if life-cycle cost-effective, all new Federal buildings must be designed to achieve energy consumption levels 30 percent below those of the current version of the applicable ASHRAE standard or the International Energy Conservation Code.

SECTION 3 – Implementation Highlights of FY 2018

A. Life-Cycle Cost Analysis

Interior utilizes life-cycle cost analysis in making decisions about investments in products, services, construction, and other projects to lower costs and to reduce energy and water consumption. Interior actively manages a portfolio of construction capital investments in order to maximize the return on investment to the taxpayer and Government at an acceptable level of risk. Effective capital planning within Interior requires improved long range planning and a disciplined budget process as the basis for managing a portfolio of assets to achieve performance goals and objectives with minimal risks, lowest life-cycle costs, and greatest overall benefits to the business of the bureaus and the Department. Interior has developed and continues to refine its approach to establishing a more consistent, structured, performance-based, integrated approach to its Construction Capital Planning Investment Control process. As Interior’s portfolio-based approach matures, the Department and the bureaus will continue to improve their ability to manage risks and returns of capital assets throughout their life cycles necessary to ensure that Interior’s investments are well conceived, cost-effective, and support strategic mission and business goals. The analysis of these investments is a living tool that will be continually revisited, refined and updated. It is articulated in a business case, the extent of which is commensurate with the cost and impact of the investment on the organization and mission.

B. Retrofits and Capital Improvement Projects

In FY 2018, Interior obligated $28.1 million in facility energy and water efficiency improvements through direct obligations, $1.2 million through ESPCs and $841 thousand through UESCs, which represents a total investment of 36 percent relative to total facility energy costs. The following entries provide examples of the work being completed in DOI facilities. BIA Pine Hill School, New Mexico, was retrofitted with 12 exterior LED lights. Little Wound Community School, South Dakota, upgraded the gymnasium lighting with LED lights. BLM Roseburg District Office, Oregon, HVAC conversion to a variable refrigerant flow system is nearly completed. The Grand Junction Air Center, Colorado, HVAC system


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will be upgraded in FY 2019. The National Historic Oregon Trails Interpretive Center, Oregon, and Farmington District Office, New Mexico, HVAC systems will be renovated in FY 2020. BOR Ephrata Field Office, Washington, installed LED lighting and shop occupancy light sensors in multiple warehouses and Park offices, replacing metal halide flood lights and compact florescent lighting. Curecanti Field Office, Colorado, replaced incandescent and fluorescent lighting with LEDs in many of the Aspinall Unit Power Plants along the Colorado River. The Phoenix Area Office, Arizona, recently replaced two outdated air handler units, installed solar film on all exterior windows, and installed LED lighting across the Area Office. Lower Colorado Regional Office Administration Building, Nevada, recently completed a major renovation, which included: high efficiency windows; LED interior lighting, occupancy sensors, HVAC upgrades, and an integrated BAS. The Eastern Colorado Area Office, Colorado, eliminated over 100 unused computers and installed a small air conditioning unit with humidity control in the computer server room, thus isolating the server room from larger HVAC requirements and decreasing the cooling load on the building unit. A 15 percent energy savings is expected. FWS San Marcos NFH, Texas, completed the construction of the Edward Aquifer Authority’s refuge building, which included LED lighting, occupancy sensor, two SEER 16.5 Heat pump HVAC systems, energy efficient windows and doors. Several sites upgraded lighting to LED in FY 2018, which included: Moosehorn NWR, Maine; Aroostook NWR, Maine; Green Lake NFH, Maine; North Attleboro NRH, Massachusetts; and Williams Creek NFH, Arizona NPS Fort Davis NHS, Texas, renovated the park Headquarters building, which included: upgraded HVAC system, installed LED fixtures, upgraded all electrical to meet energy efficient standards, retrofitted historic windows with UV protection and insulated glass backing. Jewel Cave NM, South Dakota, modernized the elevators to include regenerative drive system. Olympic NP, Washington, replaced eight cabins and the manager’s residence at Log Cabin Resort in FY 2018 with energy efficient cabins insulated to meet code and will result in lower heating costs. All lighting is LED and cabins are oriented to take advantage of southern light. The park Visitor Center rehabilitation included a high efficiency boiler and new radiators for better heat distribution, as well as upgraded LED lighting retrofit. The Headquarters Apartments renovation included low flow plumbing fixtures, exterior envelop improvements, window replacements, and high efficiency heat pumps. Numerous park facilities upgraded HVAC systems: DeSoto NM, Florida; Hot Springs NP, Arkansas; Castillo de San Marcos NM, Florida; Steamtown NHS, Pennsylvania; Tuskegee Institute NHS, Alabama; Natchez Trace Parkway, Mississippi; and Christiansted NHS, U.S. Virgin Islands. Various buildings throughout NPS retrofitted existing lighting with LED: Andersonville NHS, Georgia; Jimmy Carter NHS, Georgia; Thomas Edison NHP, New Jersey; Glacier Bay NP, Alaska; James A Garfield NHS, Ohio; Chattahoochee River NRA, Georgia; Assateague Island NS, Maryland; Gettysburg NMP, Pennsylvania; Lowell NHP, Massachusetts; and Ulysses S. Grant NHS, Missouri. OFAS Udall Main Interior Building, Washington, DC, completed Phase 2 of its ESPC, which included the installation of domestic hot water tanks, variable speed drive centrifugal chillers, absorption chillers, and a natural gas-fired combined heat and power plant.


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USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center, Missouri, replaced an old dual stage 55-ton chiller with a new energy efficient three stage 55-ton chiller. Also replaced was a single stage atmospheric boiler with a three-unit independent modular boiler system designed to run based on heat loads. This new system is estimated to operate using approximately 50 percent less natural gas than the old system. In addition, two, approximately 30-year-old, condensing units at the Center’s conference building were replaced with energy efficient units, along with LED lighting retrofit. Hammond Bay Biological Station, Michigan, completed the construction of a new laboratory building, which includes LED lighting, variable frequency drives (VFDs), high efficiency motors, and a heat pump zone loop system that will be fed tempered water from heat exchangers that will use lake water for summer cooling and boiler water (from a high efficiency boiler) for heating. Numerous LED lighting retrofits were conducted at: Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, South Dakota; Tunison Laboratory of Aquatic Science, New York; Great Lakes Science Center, Michigan; Leetown Science Center, West Virginia; National Wildlife Health Center, Wisconsin; and the National Center, Virginia.

C. Use of Performance Contracts

1. Use of Energy-Savings Performance Contracts (ESPCs)

OFAS completed Phase 2 of a two phased ESPC for the Udall Main Interior Building, Washington, DC, which included the installation of domestic hot water tanks, variable speed drive centrifugal chillers, absorption chillers, and a natural gas-fired combined heat and power plant. In FY 2018, USGS awarded an ESPC at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Maryland. The ECMs covered in the award were for the replacement of boilers and chillers and the upgrade of the BAS in the Gabrielson Laboratory. The contract award was valued at $1.2 million with an annual savings of $31,000 and 1,657 MMBtu or nearly 28 percent of the laboratory’s total annual energy use. NPS Glen Canyon NRA, Arizona and Utah, issued a Notice of Opportunity for an ESPC in first quarter FY 2019, to implement renewable energy micro-grid projects for four off-grid marinas, along with energy and water conservation measures. A FY 2020 award is anticipated.

2. Use of Utility Energy Services Contracts (UESCs)

NPS Independence NHP, Pennsylvania, has implemented a feasibility study in preparation of entering into a UESC with Philadelphia Gas Works. A decision to move forward will be made after completion of the study. Death Valley NP, California, is investigating a UESC with Southern California Edison to install a new photovoltaic system and lighting retrofits. Six parks, Castillo De San Marcos NM, Biscayne NP, Everglades NP, Big Cypress NP, DeSoto NM, and Canaveral NS, Florida, under Florida Power and Lights jurisdiction are pursuing a UESC for energy and water conservation measures.


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USGS Western Fisheries Research Center, Washington, completed work under the initial UESC in FY 2018. Western Fisheries Research Center awarded a new UESC task order with the local utility for $841,000 with annual savings of $18,700. The project include destratification fans, constant volume air handling units to variable air volumn conversion, water heat recovery, controls optimization, and cooling tower make-up water source conversion. The project is estimated to reduce electricity use by 2.7 percent, natural gas consumption by 7.2 percent, and water consumption by 39 percent.

D. Use of ENERGY STAR® and Other Energy-Efficient Products

Interior selects, when commercially available, ENERGY STAR®, FEMP-designated, and other energy-efficient products when acquiring energy-consuming products. Energy-efficient technologies include high-efficiency lighting, exit signs, energy-efficient motors, and the use of packaged heating and cooling equipment with energy efficiency ratios that meet or exceed Federal criteria for retrofitting existing buildings. Purchase of ENERGY STAR® products and other environmental preferred products (e.g., USDA BioPreferred and EPA Comprehensive Procurement Guideline products) are also evaluated during BLM CASHE audits to ensure facility compliance with EPA and OSHA regulations and Executive Orders. CASHE findings are written identifying purchases of energy consuming products that are ENERGY STAR® designated (e.g., ice machines, dishwashers, washing machines), but the non- ENERGY STAR® version was purchased. BOR strives to purchase only ENERGY STAR® or otherwise certified energy efficient products. This is a required step when Acquisition staff make purchases of any kind. Many offices replaced outdated office and kitchen appliances with ENERGY STAR® units. McCook Area Office Complex, Nebraska, replaced the roof shingles with a lighter color of shingle, and crown vents to reduce cooling costs for the complex. Yakima Field Office, Washington, replaced existing office cooling systems (12.5 and 6.25 ton units) with high efficiency (16 SEER) units of similar size. The new units use non-CFC refrigerants. FWS continues to promote all “greening products and services,” including ENERGY STAR® products. Using ENERGY STAR® or other efficient equipment is standard practice in NPS. Anytime a replacement appliance is installed, an efficient model is sought after. Examples include: Amistad NRA, Texas, installed a tankless water heater at the Ranger Station; Parashant NM, Arizona, installed ENERGY STAR® rated ceiling fans, whole house fans, refrigerators, freezer, and tankless water heaters. Nearly 100 percent of the indoor and outdoor lighting are LED. Various ENERGY STAR® appliances, computers, ice machines, windows, and heat pumps were installed at: Hagerman Fossil Bed NM, Idaho; Fort Union NM, New Mexico; Gulf Islands NS, Florida; Death Valley NP, California; and Cuyahoga Valley NP, Ohio. USGS personnel attempt to procure only products with the ENERGY STAR® label. Old refrigerator, freezers and ice making units throughout the USGS have been replaced with ENERGY STAR® models. All purchased information technology equipment is ENERGY


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STAR® or energy efficient. HVAC, lighting, and scientific equipment is updated to Energy Star or energy efficient models whenever possible.

E. Sustainable Building Design and High-Performance Buildings

Interior is striving to be a government leader by implementing sustainability policies that meet or exceed EO 13834 requirements and integrate the Guiding Principles into the design, construction, operations, and maintenance of Interior-owned and leased buildings. Sustainable building design principles have been incorporated into the siting, design, and construction of Interior projects. Energy managers work closely with their engineers, architects, and design offices to address energy conservation retrofits and new building designs, and ensure that buildings comply with Federal energy laws and regulations. All cost effective, energy conservation opportunities are analyzed for consistency with resource management objectives. Energy efficiency standards are included as an integral part of all engineering design and construction project technical specifications. BIA Bug O Nay Ge Shig School, Minnesota, was completed in FY 2018 and incorporates many sustainable building features including a geothermal system. Little Singer Community School, Arizona, is under construction and will be compliant with the Federal Sustainability Guiding Principles and is pursuing LEED Silver Certification. All replacement school projects are designed in accordance with the Federal Sustainability Guidelines and pursue LEED Silver certification. BOR Lower Colorado Regional Office, Nevada, completed a $7.9 million renovation of their Regional Office. The building was remodeled to meet the Guiding Principles, as well as strive for LEED Silver certification. FWS completed the construction of the new Interpretive Center at Genoa NFH, Wisconsin, in FY 2018. This high performance building is expected to receive a LEED Silver certification. The 6,605 square-foot Interpretive Center includes a 16-ton, open-loop ground source heat pump system utilizing Hatchery well water for the heat pump system that then circulates out of the building and used by the hatchery for fish rearing. A 3 kW PV solar panel array system is mounted on the buildings cool green living roof. LED lighting is installed throughout the building in both the office and exhibit spaces. Other sustainable buildings currently in design or under construction include: new Headquarters / Multipurpose Buildings at Rocky Mountain Arsenal NWR, Colorado; Headquarters and Visitor Center at Crystal River NWR, Florida; Marine Laboratory at J.N. Ding Darling NWR, Florida; and New Multipurpose Building at Canaan Valley NWR, West Virginia. Construction began on NPS Little Sand Bay Visitor Center, Apostle Islands NL, Wisconsin, which is designed for LEED Silver certification. Other sustainable buildings currently under design or construction includes: Sandy Hook Park Maintenance Facilities at Gateway NRA, New Jersey; USFS Maintenance Building and Trailhead Visitor Center,Timpanogos Cave NM Utah; and Pocono Environmental Education Center, Delaware Water Gap, Pennsylvania.


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F. Energy Efficiency/Sustainable Design in Lease Provisions

All new building lease solicitations include a preference for buildings that meet the goals of the Guiding Principles, where applicable, in the selection criteria for acquiring leased buildings. Build-to-suit lease solicitations incorporate criteria for sustainable design and development, energy efficiency, and verification of building performance in accordance with the Guiding Principles.

G. Distributed Generation, including use on on-site renewable energy resources and combined cooling, heating, and power systems

Interior continues to pursue projects that self-generate energy using renewable sources (such as PVs or wind turbines) or renewable energy thermal projects (such as solar thermal, biomass, or geothermal) where life-cycle cost effective. Many of the Department’s on-site renewable energy systems may be considered distributed generation. See the discussion of on-site renewable energy earlier in this report for more details. OFAS Udall Main Interior Building, Washington, DC, completed Phase 2 of its ESPC, which included the Department of the Interior’s first natural gas-fired combined cooling, heat and power system. USGS National Center, Virginia, is analyzing a potential combined heat and power system design.

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