Energy in a Cell All Cells Need Energy Cells need energy to: –Make new molecules. –Build...
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Transcript of Energy in a Cell All Cells Need Energy Cells need energy to: –Make new molecules. –Build...
![Page 1: Energy in a Cell All Cells Need Energy Cells need energy to: –Make new molecules. –Build membranes and organelles. –Move molecules in and out of the.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef65503460f94c0a1e3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Energy in a Cell
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All Cells Need Energy
Cells need energy to:
– Make new molecules.
– Build membranes and organelles.
– Move molecules in and out of the cell.
– Move.
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Autotrophs (producers)
Organisms that make their own food Use light energy from the sun to make food
Example: PLANTS
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Heterotrophs (consumers)
Organisms that get energy from the foods they eat
Example: ANIMALS
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NOT a flashcard.
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Where Does A Cell Get Energy?
Food is broken down to a form the cell can use.
Extra energy is stored in an ATP molecule.
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ATPAdenosine triphosphate is a
molecule made up of– adenine
– ribose
– 3 phosphate groups.
Adenine
Ribose (ENERGY STORED HERE!)
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ADPAdenosine diphosphate. Made up of
– adenine– ribose– 2 phosphate groups.
Adenine
Ribose
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How Does ATP Work?Energy is stored in the bond between
the second and third phosphate group.
When the bond is broken, energy is released and ADP is formed.
Adenine
Ribose
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Storing EnergyEnergy is stored by the cell when 1
phosphate is added to the end of an ADP molecule forming ATP.
Adenine
Ribose
Adenine
Ribose
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2 Ways to make ENERGY!
1. Photosynthesis – takes place in the chloroplasts.
2. Cellular Respiration – takes place in the mitochondria.
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Photosynthesis
Autotrophs make their own food by trapping light energy and converting it to carbohydrates.
Equation:6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2
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The O2 released by photosynthesis is made from the oxygen in water.
Plants produce O2 gas by splitting water
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2
NOT a flashcard.
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Cellular RespirationThe process of breaking down
food molecules to release energy.
Occurs in the mitochondria.
Equation:C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY
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Compare The Equations!
Photosynthesis:
Cellular Respiration:
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY
NOT a flashcard.
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Two Types of Respiration
Aerobic Respiration– requires oxygen.
Anaerobic Respiration– requires an absence of oxygen.
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The End
Any questions?
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Anaerobic RespirationTwo types:
– Fermentation – occurs when bacteria break down plants (vegetables and fruit) and release alcohol or vinegar.
– Lactic Acid Fermentation – occurs in muscles – a buildup of lactic acid causes soreness.
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Sunlight
Photo-System
I
Photo-system
II
NADP+
ADPNADPHATP
CalvinCO2
H2O
O2
ATP
ATP
NAD+ NADH
ElectronTransportSystem
Cycle
CitricAcid
Heat
CHLOROPLAST MITOCHONDRIAATP
Glycolysis
Glucose Pyruvate
Cycle
NOT a flashcard.
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ChemosynthesisSome autotrophs can convert
inorganic substances to energy.Most are adapted to live in conditions
where there is no oxygen.– Digestive tracts of mammals– Lake sediments– Marshes– Deep in the ocean
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NOT a flashcard.
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The End
Any questions?
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Photosynthesis in a picture!
NOT a flashcard.