Energy Efficiency in pre-1945 Historic Dwellings in Dublin City
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Transcript of Energy Efficiency in pre-1945 Historic Dwellings in Dublin City
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Built to Last – Energy Efficiency in pre-1945 Historic Dwellings in Dublin City
Dublin City Council research project
Upper Leeson Street Area Residents Association AGM 30 April 2014, Litton Hall
Fergal McGirl – Fergal McGirl Architects
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Project team
Consultants
• Joseph Little / Building Life Consultancy
• Fergal McGirl Architects
• Michael Hanratty / IHER Energy Services
Steering Group
• Dublin City Council Heritage Office/Conservation Office
• Dublin City Council Architects Department
• Dept. of Arts, Heritage & the Gaeltacht
• Irish Georgian Society
Funding
• Heritage Council County Heritage Plan Grant Scheme 2013
• Department of Arts Heritage and the Gaeltacht Government Policy
on Architecture Grant Scheme 2013
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• Classify pre-1945 Dublin housing stock
• Assess the positive & negative energy attributes of different house types
• Examine appropriate interventions to pre-1945 Dublin dwelling
• Assess the heritage impacts and technical issues of energy upgrade
• Study pre-1945 construction materials
Built to Last – Energy Efficiency in pre-1945 Historic Dwellings in Dublin City
Dublin City Council research project
A number of firsts….
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Project outputs / structure
Better Building Conference 9 April 2014, Croke Park, Dublin
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Whats a U-value?
Single glazed sash windows: Solid brick walls:
Modern walls:Modern double glazing:
4.8 W/m2K 1.1 – 2.1 W/m2K
1.4 W/m2K 0.15 – 0.2 W/m2K
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Climate and micro-climates in Dublin
DublinColder & higher RH than Glasgow or London
Rainfall lower than Glasgow
…..but more exposure to SW driving rain
Many Irish dwellings needheating when temperatures are higher butwindspeed is stronger (shoulder seasons)Ref: Paul Overy
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Energy use in a three-storey Georgian townhouse(Lennox St. case study house)
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Finding the balance between energy conservation and building conservation
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Classifications
58 house types identified based on:
• Age
• Construction
• Size
• Architectural features
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Classifications – variation in scale
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7 retrofit case studies
North Great Georges St.,Dublin 1
Albany Road,Ranelagh (19th c.)
Griffith Ave.,Drumcondra
Albany Road,Ranelagh (20th c.)
Whitehall Road,Dublin 14
Belton Park Villas,Donnycarney
Upper Leeson St.,Dublin 2
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8 largely unretrofitted case studies (dwellings in largely original condition)
Henrietta St.Dublin 1
Ashfield Ave, Ranelagh
Niall St, Oxmanstown
Irvine Tce, East Wall
Brighton Rd, Rathgar
Lennox St, Portobello
Dingle Rd, Cabra
Ailesbury Gardens, Merrion Gates
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Technical Features – Analysis of measured resultsAnalysis of measured results – BER
North Great Georges St.,Dublin 1(protected structure)
Albany Road,Ranelagh (19th c.)
Griffith Ave.,Drumcondra
Albany Road,Ranelagh (20th c.)(deep retrofit)
Whitehall Road,Dublin 14
Belton Park Villas,Donnycarney
Upper Leeson Street(protected structure)
D2 –> C2
G–> C1
E1–> C3
G –> C3
G–> A3
F–> D1
D2–> C3
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North Great Georges Street case study(protected structure)
D2->C2BER
1.03Heat loss area/floor area
€5300Actual heating costs (551 m2 house)
12%Glazing area/floor area
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Prioritising Works
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2.51Heat loss area/floor area
0.48Wall area/total heat loss area
F->D1BER improvement
50%Reduction in actual Kwh usage
Whitehall Road case study
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21%Increase in fuel cost!
0.29Wall area/total heat loss area
D2->C3BER improvement
9%Increase in Kwh usage!
Belton Park Villas case study
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Upper Leeson Street case study
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Upper Leeson Street case study
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Upper Leeson Street case study(protected structure)
G->C1BER
1.89Heat loss area/floor area
67%BER - estimate energy savings
12%Glazing area/floor area
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Microgeneration?
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Window upgrade
http://www.historic-scotland.gov.uk/technicalpapers
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Window upgrade
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Window upgrade
Secondary glazing Albert Hall, DCU(U value of 1.89 w/m2k measured at Fitzwilliam Hotel)
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Window upgrade
Slim double glazing to existing sashes
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Walls - In-situ U-value measurements
1.09 1.19 1.62
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Measuring absorption rates of solid walls
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Measuring absorption rates of solid walls
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Walls - Absorption rates
Old ≠ more absorbentAbsorption rate of Dolphin House 1960s brick highest of all samples
X 200Possible variation in absorption rates between brick & rendered wall
X 3Absorption rates of different bricks
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Walls – insulation approaches
Calcium silicate board
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Floors – insulation from underfloor voids
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Roofs – the difficult areas!
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• Understand the specific thermal characteristics of your house
• Be aware of the order of priority of works
• Increased thermal comfort is possible
• Don’t expect a significant payback on investment (after attic insulation & heating system upgrade)
• Consult with local authority conservation officer
Built to Last – Energy Efficiency in pre-1945 Historic Dwellings in Dublin City
Dublin City Council research project
Approaching an energy retrofit of a traditional house – Some thoughts
30 April 2014, Litton HallUpper Leeson Street Area Residents Association AGM