ENERGY CHALLENGES AT OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY

Mike O. Faborode

9th Vice Chancellor,

Obafemi Awolowo University,

Ile-Ife, Nigeria

A Presentation at the

COMMITTEE OF VICE-CHANCELLOR’S MEETING, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, ILORIN.

1st to 4th June, 2009

APPROACH TO THE CENTRAL CAMPUS FROM IBADAN-IFE EXPRESS WAY

APPROACH TO THE MAIN GATE FROM IBADAN-IFE EXPRESS WAY

APPROACH TO THE MAIN GATE FROM IBADAN-IFE EXPRESS WAY

OAU MISSIONThe mission of the University is to create a teaching

and learning community for imparting appropriate

skills, knowledge, behavior and attitude; advance the

frontiers of knowledge that are relevant to national and

global development; engender a sense of selfless

public service and promote the African culture and

tradition.

OAU VISIONInternationally renowned as one of the highest ranked

Universities in the world

Contributing a substantial proportion of innovation to the Nigerian Economy.

A UNIVERSITY ON THE MOVE !

BEING ON THE MOVESTRENGTHS:STRENGTHS:

Fantastic Golden heritage – good inspiring foundation, great foresight – CERD, CIRD, TPDU, IE&EM, INTEREL.

We have a landmass designed for greatness – to be a community of scholars living blissfully, in splendour and significantly contributing to national development

Being a 1st Generation University, very popular in Nigeria, with a good brand name, good reputation, globally acclaimed and respected

Leading in ICT; Excellent in Research, Parading good and strong staff - in quality and quantity.

Good, passionate and very proud alumni, with a globally acclaimed good environment that is entirely conducive for learning.

Very diligent and articulate students and graduates

We are potentially a near ideal knowledge factory!

CHALLENGES:CHALLENGES:

PopulationPopulation Infrastructure requirementsInfrastructure requirements

Roads, Roads, Water, and Water, and Energy demandsEnergy demands

2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEARo Matriculated Fresh Students

STUDENTS MALE FEMALE TOTAL

Undergraduates 3,517 2,390 (40.5%) 5,907

Postgraduates 1,508 567 (27.3%) 2,075

Total 5,025 2,957 7,982

o Total Student EnrolmentSTUDENTS MALE FEMALE TOTAL

Undergraduates 15,107 9,082 (40.5%) 24,189

Postgraduates 2,884 1,605 (35.8%) 4,489

Sub-degree 716 710 (49.8%) 1,426

Total 18,707 11,397(37.9%) 30,104

Source: Zenith Economic Quarterly, January, 2008

Table 2: Comparative Quality Status of Nigeria’s Infrastructure

ENERGY CHALLENGES AT OAU:ENERGY CHALLENGES AT OAU:

Energy supply is central to all activities that take Energy supply is central to all activities that take place in the university and the Administration place in the university and the Administration makes this a priority and works very hard to makes this a priority and works very hard to ensure regular supply even in the face of national ensure regular supply even in the face of national energy supply difficulties.energy supply difficulties.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

There are two sources of electrical energy supply There are two sources of electrical energy supply to the university. to the university.

The main source is from the PHCN 33kV line while The main source is from the PHCN 33kV line while this is backed up by 3 x 1500-kVA diesel this is backed up by 3 x 1500-kVA diesel generators.generators.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

PHCN Supply:PHCN Supply:

The university from inception made very good plan for electricity The university from inception made very good plan for electricity supply with the supply utility. There is a dedicated 33-kV line from supply with the supply utility. There is a dedicated 33-kV line from the PHCN 132-kV substation in Ile-Ife to the University main intake the PHCN 132-kV substation in Ile-Ife to the University main intake centre. This line supplies the university only. For high reliability of centre. This line supplies the university only. For high reliability of supply, the PHCN provided two bays for the university supply. supply, the PHCN provided two bays for the university supply. Currently, only one of them is in use. If the economy improves, the Currently, only one of them is in use. If the economy improves, the second line will be installed. second line will be installed.

The PHCN 33-kV feeds a 7.5-MVA 33/11kV transformer at the The PHCN 33-kV feeds a 7.5-MVA 33/11kV transformer at the university power station. The university community is supplied university power station. The university community is supplied from this transformer.from this transformer.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

Stand By Supply:

The university installed 3 x 1500-kVA diesel generators to serve as back up supply when supply from PHCN fails. Also, smaller generating units are provided at essential service centers on the campus. Such locations include the Vice-chancellor’s Quarter, Health Center, University Dam and the Central Science Laboratory. Generators are provided also in many of the departments.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

Energy Demand of the University:

The university can be divided into three major load centers Students Hostel Academic Area, and Staff Quarters.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

The peak demand of the university varies between 3500-kVA and 4500-kVA. The demand variation among these load centers is a function of the activities of staff and students. When the students are on campus, their load hardly changes through-out the day, (They hardly switch off their lights). The load demand at the staff quarters is high in the morning and after work while the academic area peaks during the working period.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

The peak demands of the load centers are about

Students Hostel 1500 kVAAcademic Area 2000 kVAStaff Quarters 1200 kVA

ENERGY CHALLENGES

Load Management:Electricity supply to the university by PHCN is reliable to the extent of the system reliability.

Hence, the university does not have any policy of intentional load shedding.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

.

But occasionally, PHCN may demand that we reduce our load to a certain limit. During these periods, the loads are shed depending on laid down rules.

1. The students are given the highest priority in all cases.

2. During working hours – Staff quarter is shed followed by student hostels.

3. After working hours – the academic area is shed first, followed by the staff quarters if necessary.

ENERGY CHALLENGESWhen supply from PHCN fails, two of the three stand-

by generators are operated. The output could not meet the demand hence supply is operated on priority basis

1.Examination has the highest priority2.Secretariat3.Student Hostels4.Staff Quarters.

The essential services have their own stand by generators and are expected to use them during these periods.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

Revenue Collections:The monthly energy consumption is between 300,000 and 532260 kWH (Kilowatt Hours).

The university pays PHCN an average of about eleven million naira (N 11,000,000.00) monthly.

About N 61,400.00 diesel is required to run the two generators per hour. That translates to about N 1,473,600.00 per day.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

The students do not pay separately for electricity.

The staff quarters are charged according to the type of house. This ranges from N 1,500.00 and N 2,500.00) monthly.

Other small commercial consumers are charged on point units. Each electrical appliance has a rate and the total amount billed is the aggregate of the electrical appliances installed.

Commercial consumers such as banks are charged according to the energy consumption.

ENERGY CHALLENGES

Installation of Pre-Paid meters:To charge consumers appropriately for energy they consume, pre-paid meters have been installed at major commercial consumer centers and part of staff quarters.

Three phase meters for large consumers and single phase for residential consumers. The commercial consumers now use pre-paid cards.

Staff will start to use the pre-paid meters as soon as installation is completed. It is envisaged that more revenue will accrue to the university through the use of the pre-paid meters.

FUTURE ENERGY PLANS

Energy Challenges of the Future.More buildings are coming up and more facilities are being installed, so we expect our energy demand to increase. The university is therefore considering various possible energy supply options.

FUTURE ENERGY PLANSInvestigations are going on in the application of Solar and wind energy supply. Also we are looking in the possibility of developing mini-hydro power station with an estimated potential of about 20 MW, which when completed will more than meet the total energy requirements of the university.

ICT DEVELOPMENT IN OAUICT DEVELOPMENT IN OAUo Installation of 60 Solar panels to charge 33 inverter batteries providing 99.8% uptime of power supply to Network Servers.o Live TV broadcast of OAU’s major eventso Online Virtual Laboratory , iLab.o E-learning management system deployedo Fibre Path Backbone Coverage

o 76% of Academic Area. o 33% of Hostel Area.o 5% of Staff Quarters Area.

o Wireless Connection Coverageo 31% of Academic Area.o 40% of Hostel Area.

Installed Solar Panels on the roof top of the computer building

An Enterprising UniversityDEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS

British Council Sponsored African Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (AKTP)ICT Project with CHAMSCassava Utilization/Processing partnership with SMEDANDELPHI Projects with Rural Women Entrepreneurs (AWARE)

Institutional PartnershipsCarnegie Corporation of New York 2003-2006; 2009-2012 ??Partnership for Higher Education in Africa (PHEA) – iLAB ProjectMIT & Ghana Telecoms University College (GTUC) – iLAB ProjectLesotho – Training of Medical StudentsLiberia – Staff Development through PG TrainingUNESCO – Chair in Technological EntrepreneurshipSeveral Linkages – Winneba, Ghana; Makere (Uganda); Daresalam (Tanzania) etc

OAU Technology Centre of Excellence Foundation (OAU TechExcel)OMATEK (Resource Centre partnership), CHAMS, GUINESS, MICOM, NCC etcTechno-Research Park Development – Feasibility & Design by Price Water House

THE FUTUREA NEW DETERMINATION TO TAKE OAU TO THE ULTIMATE LEVEL: To be Ranked in the world 200 bracket; the BEST in Africa:

To make OAU a Technology Hub for national developmentEmphasize Postgraduate studentship and ResearchTo host NUGA in 2012 – our 50th (Golden) Anniversary

OAU Endowment Fund: Physical development of teaching, research, and uptake infrastructure, and Utilities – lecture theatres, labs, ICT, S&T Park, Industrial Park, staff housing, student village, solar power, water and waste management, commercial agriculture Sports infrastructure & students recreation facilities Staff capacity building Scholarship for students

Areas of ExcellenceAreas of ExcellenceIdentify specific and relevant centers for excellence within professional fields Identify specific and relevant centers for excellence within professional fields (Technology, Culture,(Technology, Culture, Business School and Medical School).Business School and Medical School).

THE FUTURE WebsiteWebsiteComprehensive website comparable to top international universitiesComprehensive website comparable to top international universitiesMinimum Content Requirements for Each FacultyMinimum Content Requirements for Each FacultyInteractive Campus Map on WebsiteInteractive Campus Map on Website

Technology ImprovementsTechnology ImprovementsNumber of simultaneous access points to campus wide computer network.Number of simultaneous access points to campus wide computer network.Number of wireless hotspots on campus.Number of wireless hotspots on campus.95% Laptop Use by Faculty95% Laptop Use by Faculty80% Laptop Use by Students80% Laptop Use by StudentsDigitization of University RecordsDigitization of University Records

Landscaping: Landscaping: Maintaining our Large EstateDevelop short term and long term landscaping plan.Develop short term and long term landscaping plan.Hire youth corpers with landscaping/botany background continuously for upkeep.Hire youth corpers with landscaping/botany background continuously for upkeep.Develop a sense of competition for landscape upkeepDevelop a sense of competition for landscape upkeepDevelop consistent signage plan &Develop consistent signage plan &An Environmental PolicyAn Environmental Policy

OAU’s DESTINATIONA globally top rated University, ranked among the best 200 in the world… ON THE MOVE…!ON THE MOVE…!TO GREATER HEIGHTS !!TO GREATER HEIGHTS !!