1. 1. Energy and its typesBy Nikhil Kulkarni Arjun Shekade Niraj Raut
2. 2. Energy is defined as the ability to dowork ..Energy can be store and transportedin variety of waysEnergy is the one of the basic need ofhuman beingse.g.Chemical, electrical ,mechanical,heatetc
3. 3. In the recent years, Indias energy consumption has been increasing at one of the fastest rates in the world due to population growth and economic development. Primary commercial energy demand grew at the rate of 8% between 1991 and 2011. India ranks fifth in the world accounting for about 4.5% of the world commercial energy demand in the year 2011. Despite the overall increase in energy demand, in India is still very low compared to other developing countries.
4. 4. Energy in a system may take on various forms.The law ofconservation of energy states that energy may neither be created nordestroyed. Therefore the sum of all the energies in the system is aconstant.The most commonly used example is the pendulum:
5. 5. The means or the origins by which get theenergy are called as energy resources.
6. 6. Renewable Resources Non-Renewable Resources The resources that can The resources that can notproduce energy again and produce energy again andagain in small time span againI.HydroelectricI. CoalII. SolarII. PetrolIII. Wind III. LPGIV. BiomassV.Biofuels
7. 7. Solar energy is the energy received by the earth from thesun. This energy is in the form of solar radiation, whichmakes the production of solar electricity possible.
8. 8. Airflows can be used to run wind turbines. Modernutility-scale wind turbines range from around 600 kW to 5MW of rated power, although turbines with rated outputof 1.53 MW have become the most common forcommercial useThe power available from the wind is a function of thecube of the wind speed, so as wind speed increases, poweroutput increases dramatically up to the maximum outputfor the particular turbine. Areas where winds are stronger and more constant, suchas offshore and high altitude sites, are preferred locationsfor wind farms Typical capacity factors are 20-40%, with values at theupper end of the range in particularly favorable sites
9. 9. Pawan Urja Prakalp At Satara
10. 10. In the developed world biomass is becoming more important fordual applications such as heat and power generation.Biomass is a clean renewable energy resource derived from thewaste of various human and natural activities.It excludes organic material which has been transformed bygeological processes into substances such as coal or petroleum.
11. 11. Energy produced by using the potential of waterresources is termed Hydro-electric energy.Electricity is generated by running turbines installed inthe downstream of dams.
12. 12. One major advantage with the use of renewable energy is that as it is renewableit is therefore sustainable and so will never run out.Renewable energy facilities generally require less maintenance than traditionalgenerators. Their fuel being derived from natural and available resourcesreduces the costs of operation.Even more importantly, renewable energy produces little or no waste productssuch as carbon dioxide or other chemical pollutants, so has minimal impact onthe environment.Renewable energy projects can also bring economic benefits to many regionalareas, as most projects are located away from large urban centres and suburbs ofthe capital cities. These economic benefits may be from the increased use oflocal services as well as tourism.
13. 13. One disadvantage with renewable energy is that it is difficultto generate the quantities of electricity. We need to reduce the amount of energy we use or simplybuild more energy facilities. Another disadvantage of renewable energy sources is thereliability of supply.Renewable energy often relies on the weather for its source ofpower. Hydro generators need rain to fill dams to supplyflowing water. Wind turbines need wind to turn the blades, and solarcollectors need clear skies and sunshine to collect heat andmake electricity.
14. 14. A non-renewable resource is a natural resource which cannot bereproduced, grown, generated, or used on a scale whichcan sustain its consumption rate, once depleted there is no moreavailable for future needs. There are really only two main categories under which nonrenewable resources fall, fossil fuels and nuclear energy.. However, within the category of fossil fuels energy is producedby burning petroleum products such as oil, coal and natural gas.
15. 15. Petroleum products are the number one source of fuel at themoment and this group includes such products as oil, gasoline, dieselfuel and propane.Of this group, only oil occurs naturally in a liquefied form aspropane is a gas and is liquefied during processing.Further, this group of non renewable resources is held to beresponsible for the bulk of damage to the ecology but that onlystands to reason as it is the largest group of fuels used for energy andin the production of electricity.
16. 16. Although coal is not used in concentrations that it was in yearspast, it is still the most copious fossil fuel that is produced withinthe United States. Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock thattakes literally millions of years to create from decayed plants. Itis composed primarily of carbon and hydrocarbons and eventhough there is currently an adequate supply, there is a limit tothis most abundant of non renewable resources.
17. 17. Most people arent aware of the fact that natural gas is comprisedlargely of methane that resulted from decaying plants and animalsmillions of years ago.Over time the earth built up around this decaying organic matterand trapped the gasses between layers of earth and rock.An interesting fact here is that some of the organic material waschanged by heat and pressure into petroleum oil and coal whilepockets of natural gas remained trapped within the earths crustwhich is where we find it today.
18. 18. Nuclear power is the use of sustained nuclear fission to generateheat and electricity. Nuclear power plants provide about 6% of theworlds energy and 1314% of the worlds electricity, withthe U.S., France, and Japan together accounting for about 50% ofnuclear generated electricity.Nuclear power is the fourth-largest sourceof electricity in India after thermal, hydroelectric and renewable sources of electricity.
19. 19. Use renewable energy as much as possibleUse public transportAvoid deforestationControl on population is requiredUse Biofuels mix fuels for individual