Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi*...
Transcript of Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi*...
![Page 1: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Energy analyses and use of
novel grains in pet food
applications
Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi**
*Kansas State University
* Sao Paulo State University
![Page 2: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
extrude \ik-’strüd\ vb
(Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary)
Origin – Latin extrudere – to thrust
extruder \ik – ‘strüd-ɘr \ n
1. to force, press or push out
2. to shape by forcing through die
Extrusion Basics
![Page 3: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I - Energy analyses in pet
food applications
![Page 4: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Energy analyses in pet food applications
Preconditioned
feed
heatingWater Vapor
Product
Water /Steam
Moisture = 15 – 35 % wet basis (wb)
Temperature = 120-140oC
Post –processingoperations
Barrel
Screws
Die
![Page 5: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Extrusion Baking
• Moisture (% wet basis) 15-30 40
• Temp (C) 150-200 225
• Pressure (bar) 20-100 1
• Mechanical Energy/ Shear Yes No
• Thermal Energy Yes Yes
• Time (min) <1 10-20
Energy analyses in pet food applications
![Page 6: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Mechanical and Thermal Energy Input – Impact on
Dog/ Cat Palatability
(Plattner, 2005)
![Page 7: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
(Plattner, 2005)
Mechanical and Thermal Energy Input – Impact on
Dog/ Cat Palatability
![Page 8: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Pic
ture
court
esy
http://p
dc.u
nl.edu/h
ottopic
sfile
s/1
0-1
-01/p
anic
le.h
tm
Picture courtesy
www.foodsubs.com
Pic
ture
court
esy
ww
w.k
anbou.m
aff
.go.jp
Sorghum/ Milo
II - Use of Novel Grains in
Pet Food Applications
![Page 9: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Sorghum protein body schematic
Interspersed
glutelin matrix
material coating
the protein bodyInterior composed
mainly of α-kafirin
Outer “shell”
composed mainly of
crosslinked β- and
γ- kafirins
![Page 10: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Starch granuleProtein bodies Glutelin protein matrix
Protein bodies and starch granules are
embedded in the glutelin matrix.
![Page 11: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Protein
Bodies
Starch
Protein
Matrix
Raw Sorghum Flour
![Page 12: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Diet formulation
Sorghum-based diet %
Sorghum (red or white variety) 42.5
Chicken By Product Meal 35.0
Poultry Fat 7.0
Corn Gluten Meal (60% CP) 9.0
Liquid palatant 3.0
Beet Pulp 2.0
Salt 0.45
Potassium Chloride 0.35
Premix Min/Vit.* 0.30
Choline chloride 0.25
Mold inhibitor 0.10
Antioxidant 0.04
![Page 13: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Key Findings Sorghum based diets appear to have lower
glycemic index as compared to control corn
and rice based diets and require
correspondingly a more ‘muted’ insulin
response, which is potentially more beneficial
for diabetic dogs.
![Page 14: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Grain/
Particle
Size (mm)
Rice RS WS
0.8 mm 0.8mm 1.6mm 0.8mm 1.6mm
Time to
peak (min)
120.0±22 162±29 204.0±55 228.0±18 220.0±25
Blood Insulin Response in Dogs (time to peak)
![Page 15: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Key Findings Coarse ground sorghum based diets had potential
prebiotic effect with beneficial implications on
intestinal and general health of the dogs, including
production of butyric acid from colonic
fermentation. Prebiotic resistant starch can be
generated during processing of coarse ground
sorghum based diets without extra costs, at the
same level (0.5 to 1.0 % dry matter basis) as
commercial prebiotics.
![Page 16: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Experimental DietsSEM
P
valueCorn Rice RS1.6 WS1.6
Butyric acid 59.5 b 57.1 b 73.5 ab 84.8 a 2.5 0.004
Short-Chain Fatty Acid, mmol/g of DM
![Page 17: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Key Findings Palatability
![Page 18: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Extrusion Processing: Technology & Commercialization
Annual Short Course, K-State, Manhattan, KS
14th Edition August 7-10, 2018
Special Offering
August 06, 2018
5th Edition Annual Pet Food Workshop
![Page 19: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Extrusion Facilities in Grain Science and Industry
Biological and Industrial Value-Added Processing (BIVAP) Facility
![Page 20: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Energy analyses and use of novel grains in pet food applications · 2021. 2. 12. · Sajid Alavi* and Aulus Carciofi** *Kansas State University * Sao Paulo State University. ... 1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081601/6121fd8ca09570136266d7b8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Acknowledgement
United Sorghum Checkoff Program