En_EnvStand5_Prevention of Major Accidents

Environmental Standards

Prevention of Major Accidents

KSA Presidency of Meteorology and Environment PME Reference

Article I Preliminary 1) Definitions

Competent Agency where referenced, refers to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment or its designated representative, Refers to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment or officially designated agency dangerous substances For the purposes of this regulation it refers to those substances listed in Appendix A, Part set out in column 1, having a concentration equal to or greater than the applicable concentration set out in column 2. emergency services Refers to organizations with functional jurisdiction over emergency response. In the case a facility belongs to a coastal area facility Refers to any establishment or activity, which is expected to be an origin of environmental pollution or deterioration. GER shall refer to the General Environmental regulations. general facility Refers to any facility that is owned or operated by a ministry or presidency or a government unit or semi-government without consideration to its size or tasks. hazard Refers to a situation or an intrinsic property with the potential to cause harm to people, property or the built or natural environment. major accident Refers to any unplanned event (including in particular a major emission, loss of containment, fire, explosion or release of energy) leading to serious danger or harm to people, property or natural environment, whether immediate or delayed. near miss Refers to any sudden event which could have escalated to a major accident but for mitigation effects, actions or systems it has been prevented. PME shall refer to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment.

2) Citation

a) This document may be cited as the National Ambient Water Quality Standard for KSA. This

standard revises the current General Standards for the Environment (specifically document number 1409-01) issued by the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment (PME).

3) Timescales for implementation a) The effective date of this standard is 01/05/1433H corresponds to 24/03/2012G.

4) Purpose

a) This standard is aimed to prevent major accidents, such as the release of toxic materials, the release of flammable materials, fires, explosions, major structural failures and those which involve dangerous substances. b) Where accidents do occur, this standard sets out a framework and controls for the mitigation of the impact on human health and the environment.

5) Scope

a) This standard applies to all facilities irrespective of size or location, that produces, processes, uses, stores or otherwise handles dangerous substances in quantities equal to or in excess of those specified in Appendix A.

6) Exemptions a) Those facilities that do not store threshold values of dangerous substances as defined by Article II or Appendix A (2) are exempt from the requirements of this standard. b) The Competent Agency may on a case by case basis issue specific exemptions give access to full information and mitigating circumstances. The decision of the Competent Agency is final on these matters.

7) Powers of authority

a) The Competent Agency may, for the purposes of this Standard, appoint persons to act on their behalf as technical assessors and monitors in relation to the powers and duties conferred on him by this standard and/or its subsequent amendments. b) In addition to the responsibilities conferred by other sections contained within this standard, it shall be the duty of a relevant party;

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia National Environmental Standard

Prevention of Major Accidents


i) to give the Competent Agency all such assistance; and

ii) to provide the Competent Agency with all such information, as that may reasonably be required for the purpose of carrying out an investigation

d) The Competent Agency or appointed individual for the purpose of enforcing this standard may:

i) Enter any premises for the purpose of carrying out any related investigation. ii) carry out such inspections, measurements and tests on premises entered, articles or records found on any such premises, and take away such samples of substances or articles, as may be considered appropriate for the purpose of enabling such investigation; or iii) at any reasonable time require any relevant party to supply him with copies of, or of extracts from, any records kept for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with ambient air quality standards.

e) This standard enables the issue of regulations and technical memoranda which are enforceable by the Competent Agency who hold delegated authority under the General Environmental Regulations.

8) Enforcement procedures

a) Failure to comply with the requirements of these standards may lead to prosecution by the Competent Agency and those convicted of such failure may be subject to fines or periods of imprisonment as laid out in the General Environmental Regulations. b) It is anticipated that the requirements of this standard will be enforced nationally with inspections taking place to verify their implementation at a regional and local level. c) The competent agency shall have the right to suspend any operation which poses an imminent threat of a major accident. d) The competent agency shall suspend the use of any facility, installation or storage facility in case:

i) the measures for the prevention and

mitigation of major accidents inside the facility have not been taken after the warning and within the extension of time granted by the competent agency for its implementation; and/or

ii) the operator of the facility has not

submitted the required documents, after the warning and within the extension of

time granted by the competent agency for its completion.

9) Penalty fines

a) Maximum fines that may be imposed for exceeding the applicable standard, breach of permit and failure to comply with an abatement notice are set out in the General Environmental Regulations.

10) Appeals a) A right of appeal exists for any organisation or individual who is required to take action as a consequence of the implementation of the revised standard. b) The right of appeal against conviction or sentence is available through the appropriate judicial system as set out in the General Environmental Regulations.

c) All appeals should be fully supported with a documented case containing as a minimum, the information required under the appeals process of the General Environmental Regulations.

11) Periodic review

a) There may be some requirement at a future date to adjust the standards included to recognise specific local conditions and or improved understanding of the effects of mobile source air emissions. b) As a minimum, the Competent Agency shall undertake a periodic review of this standard every 5 years. c) Where new information suggests that adjustments are required to this standard, all changes will be subject to the appropriate consultation and will be notified to facilities by the Competent Agency. Appropriate implementation time will be allowed.

Article II General Provisions 1) Threshold levels for qualification

a) Facilities where dangerous substances are present in quantities equal to or in excess of the threshold quantities specified in Appendix A, part 1 and 2, Column 1 would be denominated as a Lower-tier facility. b) Facilities where dangerous substances are present in quantities equal to or in excess of the threshold quantities specified in Appendix A, part 1 and 2,


Column 2 would be denominated as a Higher-tier facility.

Table 1 Thresholds for qualification of facilities

CLASSIFICATION

QUANTITIES OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES PRESENT

Lower-tier Facility

Appendix A, part 1 and 2, Column 1

Higher-tier Facility

Appendix I, part 1 and 2, Column 2

2) General obligations of the operator

a) The operator shall prevent major accidents, and limit their impact in the event of an accident, by taking all necessary measures including the following:

i) identify and assess all hazards and

implement control measures to reduce the likelihood and effects of a major accident;

ii) provide information to the Competent

Agency and the community, including other closely located facilities, regarding the nature of hazards at the facility and emergency procedures in the event of a major accident;

iii) report and investigate major accidents and

near misses, and take appropriate corrective action; and

iv) record and discuss the lessons learnt and

the analysis of major accidents and near misses with employees and employee representatives.

b) The operator of the facility, depending on its classification, shall develop and provide to the competent agency with the following documents:

i) Lower-tier facility: Notification (Refers to Article II (3)) On-site emergency plan (Refers to Article IV

(1)) Information reporting an accident (Refers to

Article IV (3)) ii) Higher-tier facility: Safety Report (Refers to Article III (6)) On-site and off-site emergency plan (Refers

to Article IV (1)) Information to the community (Refers to

Article IV (2)) Information reporting an accident (Refers to

Article IV (3))

3) Notification

a) The operator of a lower-tier facility shall notify the Competent Agency if any substance listed in Appendix A is present, or will be present, at the facility in a quantity equal to or greater than the threshold quantities specified in Appendix A column 1 .

b) The notification shall include the following information:

i) the name or trade name and the address or

location of the facility; ii) the address or location of the registered

place of the business; iii) the name and position of the person in

charge of the facility; iv) a brief description of the activity or proposed

activity of the facility; v) the reason for the notification, i.e. the facility

is new or a change to the facility is proposed which will change it to a lower-tier or higher-tier facility;

vi) enough information (chemical name, name

according to IUPAC nomenclature, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number, other names, molecular formula) to clearly identify the dangerous substances which are present or likely to be present at the facility;

vii) the quantity and physical form of each

dangerous substance present at the facility and the maximum consumption rate of those substances; and

viii) the surrounding environment of the facility.

c) The operator shall supply, subsequent to notification by the facility and at the request of the Competent Agency, any additional relevant information. d) The operator shall inform the Competent Agency of any relevant change in production capacity at the facility, such as:

i) significant change in the quantity or in the

nature or physical form of the dangerous substances;

ii) modification of the facility which could affect

major accident hazards; or iii) permanent closure of the facility.

e) The operator shall remit the notification to the Competent Agency within the following time-constraints:

i) for a proposed new facility, 6 months before

construction or operation commences;


ii) for an existing facility, including a facility under

construction at the date of implementation of this regulation, within 6 months from the implementation of this regulation; and

iii) for a change to an existing facility, 6 months

before implementing the modification. Article III Major Accident Prevention 1) Major accident prevention policy

a) The operator of a lower-tier facility shall develop a written document describing its major accident prevention policy. It should be ensured that the policy is promulgated and properly implemented throughout the enterprise. b) The development of the policy should:

i) take account of a complete protection of the

human health and the environment; ii) include the operators statement of intent,

setting out the overall objectives and principles of action regarding the control of major-accident hazards; and

iii) describe the safety management system for

achieving the stated aims which shall include:

The roles and responsibilities of the

personnel involved in the management of major hazards at all levels. The identification of training needs for such personnel and the effective education and training programs.

Systematic hazard identification and risk assessment (Refers to Article III (2)).

Development and implementation of procedures and instructions for ensuring safe operation of the facility, including maintenance of the plant, processes, equipment and temporary stoppages.

Development and implementation of procedures for planning and controlling modifications to the installations, processes, materials, equipment, organization or personnel.

Development and implementation of procedures to identify foreseeable emergencies by systematic analysis.

Development and implementation of procedures for the ongoing assessment of compliance with the objectives of the operators accidents prevention policy and safety management system , and the mechanism for taking corrective actions in the event of non-compliance. Procedures for the reporting of major accidents or near misses should be included.

Development and implementation of procedures for periodic systematic

assessment of the accident prevention policy and the effectiveness of the safety management system.

Accident investigation and learning from experience.

c) The Major accident prevention policy shall be produced within 6 months of the date of the implementation of this Regulation and it shall be made available to the Competent Agency at any time it is requested and for the purpose of the inspection. d) The major accident prevention policy and the safety management system shall be reviewed and updated at suitable intervals and no longer than 2 years, or when there are indications that a revision may be needed.

2) Systematic hazard identification and risk

assessment

a) The operator of a facility shall:

i) Develop and implement formal procedures for systematic identification and evaluation of major hazards arising from normal and abnormal operations, and the hazards arising from substances handled, produced, stored, or disposed of. Assessment of their likelihood and severity should also be included.

ii) Apply hazard identification and evaluation

procedures to all relevant stages from project conception through to decommissioning, including:

potential hazards arising from or identified in

the course of planning, design, engineering, construction, commissioning, and development activities;

the normal range of process operating conditions, hazards of routine operations and of non-routine situations, in particular start-up, maintenance, and shut-down;

incidents and possible emergencies, including those arising from component or material failures, external events, and human factors; hazards of decommissioning, abandonment, and disposal;

potential hazards from former activities; and external hazards including those arising from

natural hazards (including abnormal temperatures, fire, flood, earthquake, strong winds, tidal waves), from transport operations including loading and unloading, from neighboring activities, and from malevolent or unauthorized action.

iii) Assess all possible health and

environmental consequences of accidents. The assessment of the environmental consequences should include:

analysis of possible pathways of chemicals

entering the environment (soil, ground water,


surface water, air) and the possible environmental receptors (e.g. flora, fauna);

analysis of how chemicals can move, disperse, react and transform in the environment;

assessment the impacts on the environment of substances that are not expected to be hazardous to the environment by themselves but could create significant hazards in combination with other substances; and

collection of data on the environmental aspects of past accidents.

iv) Minimize the risk associated with the hazard

facility by: eliminating or minimizing hazards at the

facility; implementing technical measures to

minimize the likelihood of a major accident; and

implementing measures to limit the consequences of a major accident

v) Exchange information with other industries

and industrial organizations in order to enhance the risk assessment approaches.

vi) Review and reassess the procedure

periodically, and when there are indications that a revision may be needed.

3) Training and Education

a) The operator shall provide to all personnel at the facility (including temporary employees, and contractors) with induction, education and training, according to the role and responsibilities of the person and it should ensure that the personnel is competent to work with a major hazard.

b) The induction, education and training shall address:

i) hazard identification, risk evaluation and

corrective measures to address safety and environmental concerns;

ii) risk prevention and mitigation; iii) appropriate materials handling procedures; iv) any special hazards specific to their job; and v) implementation of the evacuation procedure.

c) The operator should provide special training to the personnel, according to their roles and responsibilities, involved in the management of major hazards and/or emergency situation. The training should include the actions that shall be taken by such personnel in abnormal or emergency situations and any other needed issue that might be identified.

d) The operator should provide follow-up training and education at appropriate intervals and always before:

i) the implementation of any modification to

the facility, processes, operating procedures or quantity of dangerous substances;

ii) the introduction of a new plant, process,

operating procedure or materials; and iii) any change to the safety management system

if it implies changes to the risk associated with the facility.

e) The induction, training and education shall:

i) have a specific section where environmental issues are addressed;

ii) be monitored, evaluated, modified and recorded

when necessary; and iii) be carried out and evaluated in consultation ith

with the employees and their representatives. 4) Safety report

a) The operator of higher-tier facilities shall develop a safety report with the aim of:

i) Ensuring that a major accident prevention

policy and a safety management system are developed and implemented throughout the enterprise, in accordance with the information specified in Article III (1) and (2).

ii) Demonstrating that adequate safety and

reliability have been incorporated into the design, construction, operation and maintenance of any installation, storage facility, equipment and infrastructure related to those operations linked with major accident hazards.

iii) Guaranteeing that on-site and off-site

emergency plans have been produced and that they are accessible to all levels of personnel.

iv) Providing the competent agency with

enough information to enable them to take decisions regarding the sitting of new activities.

b) Contents of the major accident prevention policy and safety management system must be incorporated in the safety report and extended and detailed, where appropriate, with as a minimum the following information:

i) Description of the environment of the facility,

including: description of the site, including

geographical location, meteorological, geological and hydrological conditions;

description of the area surrounding it, including sensitive environments, land use,


local population and activities in the area (including commercial, residential and industrial);

identification of installations and activities of the facility which could present a major accident hazard; and

description of areas where a major accident may occur.

ii) Description of the installation, including: description of the main activities and

products of the identified installations and areas which are important for safety;

sources and conditions of major accident risks;

description of preventive measures; description of processes and operating

methods; updated inventory and description of

dangerous substances; identification of dangerous substances:

chemical name, name according to IUPAC nomenclature, UN number, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number and molecular formula;

quantities present or likely to be present; physical, chemicals and toxicological

characteristics of the dangerous substances and of possible mix of substances that are not expected to be hazardous by themselves but could create significant hazards in combination with other substances; and

immediate and future hazards for the health of humans and for the environment.

iii) Accidental risks identification, analysis and

prevention methods, including: description of potential major accident

situations or scenarios and their probability or the events or conditions that may promote an accident occuring;

assessment of the extent and severity of the consequences of identified accidents (detailed descriptions or maps should be used in order to illustrate areas which could be affected by the accident); and

description of technical measures and equipment for the safety of installations.

iv) Measures of protection and intervention,

including:

equipment used to limit the consequences of the major accident;

organization of alert and intervention; and mobilizable resources, internal and external.

c) Operators of facilities which are located close together shall exchange the necessary information that needs to be taken account in their major accident prevention policy, safety management system and safety report.

d) The safety report shall be reviewed and updated:

i) in the event of a modification which has a

significant influence on the level of safety in the installation or its processes or in the quantities of hazardous substances present;

ii) when developments in technical knowledge

or in the assessment of hazards make this appropriate;

iii) at suitable intervals no longer than 2 years; iv) at the request of the competent agency.

e) The safety report shall be submitted to the competent agency within the following time limits:

i) for a proposed new facility, 6 months before construction or operation commences;

ii) for an existing facility, including a facility

under construction at the implementation of this regulation, 6 months from the implementation of this regulation; and

iii) for a change to an existing facility, 3 months

before implementing the modification. 5) Design or modification of an installation,

establishment or storage facility

a) During the design of a new facility or the modification to an existing facility, measures for the elimination or minimization of hazards should be considered. When possible or to the extent practicable, the operator of the facility shall:

i) reduce inventories of hazardous

substances; ii) minimize the use of hazardous substances; iii) replace hazard materials for less hazardous

ones; iv) limit the hazard potential from the use of

hazardous materials and processes (e.g closed systems, back-up systems, secondary containment systems);

v) moderate process conditions (lower

temperatures, pressures levels); vi) shift complex systems to simpler ones; vii) make the plant and process simpler to

design, build and operate; viii) ensure the use of redundant safety systems;

and ix) minimise production of wastes.

b) The design or modification of a facility should allow for the separation of incompatible substances and


subdivision of inventories by the use of, for instance, separate buildings or fire walls. Furthermore, the facility should be designed in a way that reduces the likelihood of domino effects in the event of an accident.

c) In cases where modifications of an establishment, storage facility or process; or of the nature or quantity of dangerous substances could have a significant effect on a major accident hazards, the operator of the facility shall review and where appropriate modify:

i) the major accident prevention policy; ii) the safety management system and iii) the safety report.

d) The operator of the facility, when choosing possible sites for a new hazardous installation shall:

i) Abide by land use planning and zoning requirements; and

ii) seek sites which would minimize the risk to

human health, the environment and the property.

Article IV Mitigation of impacts of a major accident 1) Emergency plan

a) The operator of a facility shall draw up an on-site and an off-site emergency plan. For this purpose the operator shall:

i) ensure that the on-site plan is focused on

the measures that should be taken inside the facility and that it is established and maintained in conjunction with the emergency services;

ii) ensure that the on-site plan is developed

and updated in consultation with employees of the facility and long term relevant subcontracted employees;

iii) develop the off-site plan for measures

outside the facility in cooperation and coordination with emergency services and the local responsible agency; and

iv) consult with the community, where

necessary, during the preparation and update of the off-site plan.

b) The on-site and off-site emergency plan shall be complementary and must be aimed at:

i) containing and controlling accidents and to abate the effects on humans, environment and property;

ii) implementing measures to protect human

and environment from the effects of an accident;

iii) communicating the necessary information to the public, services and agencies concerned in the area; and

iv) providing for the clean up and restoration of

the environment subsequently to the accident.

c) The on-site emergency plan shall contain at least the following information:

i) positions of persons authorized to start the

emergency procedures and the positions in charge of and coordinating the on-site mitigatory action;

ii) position of the person in charge of providing

early warning to the emergency services and to the local agency, the type of information to be initially provided and arrangement for providing more information as it comes available;

iii) description of the measures to be taken in

order to control and to limit the consequences of conditions or events which could cause a major accident. It should include a description of the equipment and the resources available;

iv) arrangement for limiting the risks to persons

on site including how warnings are to be given and the actions the persons should take;

v) procedures for the safe evacuation of, and

accounting the people on site; vi) arrangement for training staff in the task

they need to perform and coordinating this with emergency services; and

vii) arrangement for providing assistance with

off-site mitigatory action.

d) The off-site emergency plan shall contain at least the following information:

i) positions of persons authorized to start the emergency procedures and the positions in charge of and coordinating the off-site action;

ii) arrangements with the emergency

services and local agencies for receiving early warning of incidents, and alert and call out procedures;

iii) arrangements for coordinating

resources necessary to carry out the off-site emergency plan;

iv) arrangements for off-site mitigatory

actions; and v) arrangements for providing warning the

public, the information related to the


accident and the behaviour or action they need to follow.

e) Operators of facilities which are located close together shall prepare coordinated emergency plans. For that purpose, additional information not specified in the information provided to the community and necessary for the development of the emergency plan shall be provided. f) The operator shall ensure that the emergency plans are accessible to all personnel at the facility.

g) The operator shall review and update the on-site and off-site emergency plan taking into account all modifications to the facility, modifications within the emergency services, new technical knowledge and any information refer to major accidents. The update of off-site emergency plan shall also take into account modifications made to the land use in the surrounding environment.

h) The operator shall ensure that the emergency plans are tested, evaluated and updated at intervals of no longer than 2 years in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the plans. A recording of the evaluation of the emergency plan must be done and must be available to the Competent Agency upon request. In the case of the off-site emergency plan, the day of testing and the list of local agencies, community or interest groups, if any, that have been involved in the testing of the plan must be included in the recorded document. j) The operator shall draw up and submit the emergency plans to the competent agency within the following periods of time:

i) For a proposed new facility, prior to the

start of the operations. ii) For an existing facilities, 6 months from

the implementation of the regulation. iii) For new facility, 6 months before

construction or operation commences iv) For a change to an existing facility, 3

months before implementing the modification.

v) Operators of lower-tier facilities are

exempted of developing an off-site emergency plan and all the articles referred to it shall not apply to them.

2) Information supplied to the Community

a) The operator of higher-tier facilities shall ensure that:

i) information on safety measures and on the appropriate behaviour in the event of an accident is regularly provided to the community (all persons and all establishment serving the public such as schools and hospitals), including nearby

facilities, which could be affected by the accident;

ii) the information is reviewed at appropriate

intervals and updated where necessary. In the case of any modification at the facility, the relevant information concerning those changes shall be provided before the changes are made; and

iii) the information is made permanently

available to the public. The maximum period between the repetition of the information to the public shall, in any case, be no longer than 2 years

b) The information supplied to the public shall contain, at least, the following information:

i) name and address of the facility; ii) name, position and telephone number of the

person providing the information; iii) confirmation on the following of this

regulation; iv) explanation, in simple words, of the activities

carried out at the facility; v) names of the dangerous substances or

categories of those substances not specifically named in Part 1, which are used or produced at the facility and could give rise to a major accident. Indicate their main dangerous characteristics;

vi) general information of the nature of the

hazards at the facility and their potential effects on human health and the natural environment;

vii) information concerning the means by which

the population will be warned, including alert methods, and kept informed in the event of the accident;

viii) information relating the actions the

population should take and the behaviour they should adopt in the event of the accident;

ix) confirmation on liaison with the emergency

services, to cope with major accidents and to minimize their effects;

x) relevant information of the off-site

emergency plan which deals with off-site effects from an accident; and

xi) details of where further information can be

acquired. 3) Reporting a major accident


a) Following a major accident the operator shall inform the competent agency as soon as possible and within 24 hours of the major accident.

b) The following information must be provided to the Competent Agency in the form of a report as soon as it becomes available following a major incident:

i) the circumstances of the accident (nature, timing of the events that occurred, analysis of the causes of the accident);

ii) the substances involved, and the amounts

of each; iii) immediate on-site consequences, and any

action taken to mitigate its effects; iv) the data available to assess the effects of

the accident on people and environment;

v) inform the competent agency of and complete the document with;

vi) the foreseen measures and clean up

methods which will be taken in order to mitigate the medium- and long-term effects of the accident ;

vii) the emergency measures taken and the

effectiveness of the emergency plan and procedures; and

viii) the actions envisaged to prevent similar

accidents.

c) The information from a major accident report must be updated if further investigation reveals additional facts which alter that information or the conclusions drawn.

d) The operator of the facility shall keep a copy of every accident report for the lifetime of the facility.

Article V Responsibilities of the Competent Agency 1) Inspection

a) Every facility will have an inspection or other control measure, carried out by the Competent Agency, at a frequency determined in accordance with the associated hazard the facility supposes for the humans and environment. b) The purpose of the inspections is:

i) to exam the systems being used at the

facility; ii) to check that the necessary and appropriate

measures, according to the activities of the facility, are taken in order to prevent major accidents;

iii) to check that the facility is provided with the appropriate means for minimizing the effects of major accidents; and

iv) to ensure that the information gathered in

the safety report, or any other report submitted or made available, reflects the conditions of the facility.

c) The operator or a representative of the facility shall have the opportunity to accompany inspectors supervising the application of the measures prescribed in pursuance of this regulation, unless the inspectors consider that this may be prejudicial to the performance of their duties.

d) Upon request of the Competent Agency, the operator shall provide any additional information needed for the complete assessment of the facility, potential major accidents, emergency plans or any other issue related to the regulation.

2) Role of the authority

a) The role of the Competent Agency is to administer this standard which includes:

i) receiving notification from Operators and

providing an acknowledgment to the operator;

ii) receiving Major Accident Prevention Policy

reports from higher-tier and lower-tier facilities and assessing them;

iii) cooperate and coordinate with the operator

of the facility for the development of, and implementation, in case of accident, of the off-site emergency plan;

iv) consulting and coordinating with other

relevant public agencies, and in the case where a major accident has transboundary effects to provide the necessary information to the States concerned;

v) receiving and reviewing reports of major

accidents and near misses; vi) investigate and collect the necessary

information for a complete analysis of the major accident;

vii) making recommendations on future

preventive measures; and viii) ensuring that the operator takes remedial

measures

b) The Competent Agency, along with the information provided by the operators in compliance with article (7), should identify facilities or groups of facilities where the possibilities or the effects of a major accident may be increased due to the location and the proximity of such facilities, and their inventories of dangerous substances.


c) The agencies responsible for land use planning decisions, shall ensure that the prevention of major accidents are taken into account in their land use policy and in the long term, they should maintain appropriate distances between the facilities covered by this regulation and residential areas, areas of public use, major transport routes, recreational areas, eco-sensitive areas or other areas of particular interest. e) The Competent Agency shall have qualified and trained staff with the appropriate skills, and sufficient technical and professional support, to inspect, investigate, assess, and advice on the matters dealt with in this Regulation.

f) The relevant agency shall protect confidential information provided by the operator of a facility, as long as it does not compromise the safety of people or environment.

3) Responsibility within the coastal zone

a) According to the National Contingency Plan for Combating Marine Pollution by Oil and other Harmful Substances in Emergency Cases, where a facility is located in the coastal area and in the event of an accident, the following agencies shall undertake the pollution prevention and protection.

i) Ministry of Defence and Aviation; ii) Ministry of Interior (Coast Guard and Civil

Defence authorities); iii) Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Affairs; iv) Ministry of Municipality and Rural

Resources; and v) Saudi Ports Authority.

nnn


Appendix A Thresholds levels for qualification

(1) The threshold quantities considered for the application of this regulation refer to the maximum quantities which are present or likely to be present at the facility at any time.

(2) In the case a facility has no individual substance or preparation present in equal or excess amount of the

corresponding threshold quantity, the following rule shall be applied. If the sum of the rule is greater than or equal to 1 the facility shall be considered within the scope of this standard.

- Lower-tier facilities:

qs1/Ts1 + qs2/Ts1 + qs3/Ts1+.+qsn/Ts1 1

- Higher-tier facilities:

qs1/Ts2 + qs2/Ts2 + qs3/Ts2++qsn/Ts2 1

where:

qs refers to the quantity of each isolated dangerous substance (or category of dangerous substances) considered in Part 1 or 2 of this Appendix.

Ts1 refers to the corresponding threshold quantity for each substance from column 1 of Parts 1 or 2 of

the present Appendix.

Ts2 refers to the corresponding threshold quantity for each substance from column 2 of Parts 1 or 2 of the present Appendix.

(3) In the case a substance has more than one of the properties specified in Part 2 of this Appendix, the lowest

threshold quantity shall apply.


(1) PART 1: DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES

NAME OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES

THRESHOLD QUANTITY (TONNES)

Column 1 (T1) Column 2 (T2) Acetylene 5 50 Ammonium nitrate1 5000 10000 Ammonium nitrate2 1250 5000 Ammonium nitrate3 350 2500 Ammonium nitrate4 10 50 Arsenic pentoxide, arsenic (V) acid and/or salts 1 2 Arsenic trioxide, arsenic (III) acid and/or salts 0.1 Arsenic trihydride (Arsine) 0.2 1 Bromine 20 100 Carbonyl dichloride (Phosgene) 0.3 0.75 Chorine 10 25 Ethylene Oxide 5 50 Ethyleneimine 10 20 Fluorine 10 20 Formaldehyde (concentration 90 %) 5 50 Hydrogen 5 50 Hydrogen Chloride (Liquefied gas) 25 250 Lead alkyls 5 50 Liquefied extremely flammable gases (including LPG) 50 200 Methane or Natural Gas 50 200 Methanol 500 5000 Methylisocyanate 0.15 4, 4-Methylenebis (2-chloraniline) and/or salts, in powder form 0.01 Nickel compounds in inhalable powder form (nickel monoxide, nickel dioxide, nickel sulphide, trinickel disulphide, dinickel trioxide)

1

Oxygen 200 2000 Petroleum products: gasolines and naphthas, kerosenes (including jet fuels) and gas oils (including diesel fuels, home heating oils and gas oil blending streams)

2500

25000

Phosphorous trihydride (Phosphine) 0.2 1 Polychlorodibenzofurans and polychlorodibenzodioxins (including TCDD), calculated in TCDD equivalent

0.001

Potassium nitrate5 5000 10000 Potassium nitrate6 1250 5000 Propylene oxide 5 50 Sulphur dichloride 1 1 Sulphur trioxide 15 75 Toluene diisocyanate 10 1000 The following CARCENIGENS at concentrations above 5% by weight: 4-Aminobiphenil and or its salts, Benzotrichloride, Benzidine and/or salts, Bis(chloromethyl) ether, Chloromethyl methyl eter, 1,2-Dibromoethane, Diethyl sulphate, Dymethyl sulphate, Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride, 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, Dimethylditrosamine, Hexamethylphosphoric triamide, Hydrazine, 2-Naphthylamine and/or salts, 4-Nitrodiphenyl, and 1,3 Propanesultone

0.5

2

NOTES

1. Ammonium nitrate: Fertilisers capable of self-sustaining decomposition. Refers to ammonium nitrate-based compound/composite which have an amount of nitrogen, as a result of ammonium nitrate:

- Between 15,75 % and 24,5 % per weight (which corresponds to 45 % and 70 % ammonium nitrate

respectively) and with no more than 0,4% total combustible/organic materials.


- 15.75% by weight or less and unrestricted combustible materials.

2. Ammonium nitrate: Fertilisers grade. Refers to straight ammonium nitrate-based fertiliser and to ammonium nitrate-based compound/composite which have an amount of nitrogen as a result of ammonium nitrate of:

- More than 24.5 % by weight, except for mixtures of ammonium nitrate with dolomite, limestone, and/or

calcium carbonate with a purity of as a minimum 90% - More than 15.75% by weight for mixtures of ammonium nitrate with and ammonium sulphate. - More than 28 % by weight (which corresponds to 80 % ammonium nitrate) for mixtures of ammonium nitrate

with dolomite, limestone, and/or calcium carbonate with a purity of as a minimum 90%

3. Ammonium nitrate : Refers to ammonium nitrate and preparations of ammonium nitrate which have an amount of nitrogen as a result of ammonium nitrate of no more than 0.2% combustible substances:

- Between 24.5 % and 28% by weight and with no more than 0.4% combustible materials. - More than 28 % by weight and with no more than 0.2% combustible substances.

4. Ammonium nitrate. Refers to those materials that have been rejected during the manufacturing process or have been returned from the final user to a manufacturer, temporary storage or reprocessing plant for reworking, recycling or treatment for safe use.

5. Potassium nitrate: Composite potassium nitrate composed of potassium nitrate in granular form.

6. Potassium nitrate: Composite potassium nitrate composed of potassium nitrate in crystalline form.


(2) PART 2: CATEGORIES OF SUBSTANCES

CATEGORIES OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES

THRESHOLD QUANTITY (TONNES)

Column 1

Column 2

Very Toxic 5 20 Toxic 50 200 Oxidizing 50 200 Explosive1 50 200 Explosive2 10 50 Flammable3 5000 50000 Highly Flammable4 50 200 Highly Flammable5 5000 50000 Extremely Flammable6 10 50 DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT RISK PHRASES: R50: Very toxic to aquatic organism (including R50/53) R51: toxic to aquatic organism R53: May cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic environment

100 200

200 500

Any other classification not covered previously: R14: Reacts violently with water (including R14/15) R29: in contact with water liberates toxic gas

100 50

500 200

NOTES 1. Explosive: Refers to a substance or preparation which creates:

- Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other source of ignition (R2) - Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition (R3) - A mass explosion hazard - A projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard - A fire hazard and either a minor hazard or a minor projection hazard or both, but not a mass explosion hazard. Or refers to: - Very insensitive substances having mass explosion hazards that are so insensitive that there is very little

probability of initiation or of transition from burning to detonation under normal conditions of carriage. - Extremely insensitive articles which do not have a mass explosion hazard.

2. Explosive: Refers to a substance or preparation which present a slightly risk in the event of ignition

3. Flammable Liquids: Refers to substances and preparations having a flash point equal to or greater than 21C and less than 55C (R10), supporting combustion.

4. Highly Flammable Liquids: Refers to substances and preparations which:

- May become hot and catch fire in contact with the air at ambient temperature without input of energy (R17) - have a flash point lower than 55C and which remain liquid under pressure.

5. Highly Flammable Liquids: Refers to substances or preparations which have a flash point lower than 21C and are not extremely flammable (R11)

6. Extremely Flammable gases and liquids:

- Liquid substances and preparations which have a flash point lower than 0 C and the boiling point at normal

pressure is less than less than or equal to 35C (R12). - Gases which are flammable in contact with air at ambient temperature and pressure (R12), which are in a

gaseous or supercritical stage - Flammable and highly flammable liquid substances and preparations maintained at a temperature above their

boiling point

En_EnvStand5_Prevention of Major Accidents

Documents

Transcript of En_EnvStand5_Prevention of Major Accidents