Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their...

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Farhan S.

Transcript of Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their...

Page 1: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Farhan S.

Page 2: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Common Name:

Scientific Name: Mustela nigripes

Page 3: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The black-footed ferret is a part of a wide varieties of

animals called the weasel family. It is approximately

around 2-3 feet in length and weighs as much as a

book. It weighs 2 to 3 pounds. It is dangerous with it’s

long claws and it’s unique look with a black mask

around its eyes. The ferrets are known to be very

independent and selfish animal. They are active at

night which makes them nocturnal creatures. They

make there houses under ground as well.

Page 4: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Habitat- The black-footed Ferret are known to be found along

the center of the North American region. With there small size,

they don’t really need a lot of room to sleep. They primarily live

and grassy areas including grass prairies. They would make

homes in borrows made in the past by prairie dogs.

Ecological Niche: The black-footed ferret are known to be

fierce carnivores. There primary food option is prairie dog in

which they kill with a unique way. Other than the prairie dog,

the ferrets will eat animals like birds, squirrels, mice, and

reptiles.

Page 5: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The black footed were known before the turn of the 1900s

century to have a very large population. They began to become

extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans.

Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of

diseases throughout there region. There population of ferrets

in 1986 was 18. As the years past, they started to increase

there population to 300 as of 2016.

Page 6: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The black-footed ferret is one of the most

biggest endangered animal in the U.S.

Endangered Species List. The are many factors

that cause the critters to go extinct. The

widespread of disease and destruction of their

homes are the two main reasons for there

extinction. Predation is also a major factor of

their extinction.

Page 7: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The CITES main action for protecting the

ferrets were putting them in captivity. This

began during the 1980’s when the United

States Fish and Wildlife Service began to have

upwards to 8,000 Black-footed Ferrets born in

captivity. They are started to be reintroduced

at the U.S. states where they were before.

These states include Montana, Wyoming, and

Utah.

Page 8: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Scientific Name: Amblyrhynchus cristatus

Page 9: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The Marine Iguana is one of the largest lizard species

in the worlds oceans. They tend to be smaller than

the commonly known land iguanas and their tail

shape helps them adapt to their environment. The

marine iguanas are seen sun bathing before they go

into the water. The iguanas can be around a meter

long and weigh about 2 kilograms. They also come in

a variety of colors from whatever habitat they come

from.

Page 10: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Habitat: The marine iguanas are found on the Galapagos

Islands off of South America. The iguanas are spread around

the different islands and range in different colors and sizes

from wherever there from. The marine iguanas also spend

most of their days in the ocean for food and reproduction

opportunities.

Ecological Niches: The iguanas hold an advantage over other

endangered species in which they have a very little amount of

predators. The predators include snakes, rats, and dogs. In

terms of what the iguanas eat, they tend to feed on algae all

throughout the ocean.

Page 11: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The exact population of the iguanas is unknown. It is

estimated to be around the ten thousands. They are on the

verge of extinction though and are considered to be

threatened.

Page 12: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

There are many reasons why the marine iguana is

known to be a threatened species. The main cause of

the lack of ability for the iguana to evolve and avoid

the introduced animals that feed off the iguanas.

Another threat to the iguanas is the climate change

the occurs at the Galapagos Islands. The El Nino

effect destroys the iguanas and their habitats

throughout the years. This leads to any birth

problems.

Page 13: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The iguanas are being protected and under

supervision by the country of Ecuador. They

are under the CITES and there are being

actions taken to help stop the problem.

Page 14: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Nesiota elliptica

Page 15: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The St. Helena Olive a small tree or otherwise known

as a “a stout shrubby tree” because of its

appearance and functions. They grow to be around 5-

6 meters high. During the summer and early autumn

months, the tree blooms out small pink flowers and

fruit. The leaves of the plant is also unique in which

they are covered long white hairs.

Page 16: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Habitat: The St. Helena Olive existed throughout the

St Helena mountain range. They grew in the

inhabitant cloud forests along the steep and high

elevations.

Ecological Niche: The plant went through

photosynthesis like any other plant to produce its own

food. the period in which the flower is able to

reproduce and go through reproduction only

throughout the warmer months of the year.

Page 17: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The St. Helena Olive went extinct in 2003. The major cause of

the extinction happened in the 1600’s when the East India

Company deforested the St Helena area to make a colony. The

company wanted the fuel and timber that were around that

area. Even though the trees went extinct, the area was perfect

for large plantation and production back then.

Page 18: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The process the scientists made to conserve the

plant was costing and time consuming in many ways.

The scientists got to the last wild tree there was and

tried everything to conserve the tree specie. The

scientists tried to germinate the seed with another

seed they had across the world. The scientists were

trying to grow the trees out but the health of the trees

were declining and all ended up dying by 1999. The

last species known in the world ended up dying in

2004.

Page 19: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The St. Helena Olive did a lot to help out the

ecosystem. It provided vegetation to the

animals around and for people in some cases.

The flowers of the plant were pollinated by

insects such as hoverflies. The blossoms then

became a ripen fruit in about a year.

Page 20: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Scientific Name- Perisoreus canadensis

Page 21: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The Gray Jay are unique birds that are dark grey on

the top of there torso’s and light gray on the bottom.

They are songbirds and there shape is pretty stocky.

The bird usually travel throughout North America in

small groups. They make different kinds of bird

noises from hoors and chatters, but they are known

to be less noisy then other birds.

Page 22: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Gray Jays eat a wide arrange of foods such as fungi, berries,

and arthropods. They are very intelligent creatures and have

also been known to taking human food as well. The gray jays

conserve their foods year-round by molding it into a sticky glob

and hiding it behind a flake of a bark or under a lichen. They

always some how remember where they keep the food.

Page 23: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Grey Jays do a lot for and to the ecosystem in

which they live in. The ecosystems

throughout the years have been known

affect them negatively due to acid rain and

harsh winters. Even with those conditions,

the birds help maintain the ecosystems they

live in.

Page 24: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Gray Jays have a positive effect on the

ecosystem. They contribute to the ecosystem

in North of North America. The Jays do a lot to

keep themselves and their loved ones

protected. They would do things such as alarm

calls, chatters, and screaming to help aid them

and the environment to success.

Page 25: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Over the past 30 to 40 years there has been a

slight decline of Grey Jays due to many

reasons. The main reason is on their breeding

problems. The success of them breeding only

occurs during the right time of the year. This

occurs during the warmer months and has

been a trend for the birds for many years.

Page 26: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Scientific Name: Acer saccharum

Page 27: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The sugar maple trees are spread across the United

States of America and are known because of their

leaf shape and fruit. The leaves of the tress are broad

and posses a U-shape. The changing of these leaves

are a beautiful and distinctive sight because of the

different color changes that occur. The trees grow to

be around 75-100 feet with a the trunk diameter of 2-

4 feet.

Page 28: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The Sugar Maple is a sturdy tree which can grow in almost any

soil type out there. The tree produces maple syrup which is

used for us humans and animals living around the tree. The

tree goes through photosynthesis like many other plants and

use the sun as their main source of energy.

Page 29: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

1. The sugar maple tree goes through a process

called hydraulic transfer that helps aids plants

nearby. The process occurs as the sugar maple’s

roots absorbs water from the soil and distributes it

to drier areas.

2. Another way the tree is a keystone species is that

it helps humans in many ways. The tree provides

sap to make maple syrup. The tree is also cut

down for furniture, instruments, and flooring.

Page 30: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

There are many types of animals and plants

that rely on the Sugar Maple Tree. Animals like

the white-tailed deer use the tree to browse

and consume the maple of the tree. Another

animal are squirrels, that feed on seeds, twigs,

and leaves.

Page 31: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Due to the many benefits of the tree, it is very

susceptible to damage. The top reason is

animals destroying the trees and using the

resources. Even though it is helpful for the

animals, the tree slowly gets weaker as the

animals eat away he bark and roots. Protection

of the trees have included fencing high enough

to keep any animal out.

Page 32: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Scientific Name: Aedes albopictus

Page 33: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The adult tiger mosquito is known to have

black and white scales around its torso. The

antennae of the male are seemingly smaller

then the females. The mosquito is known to be

fierce to it’s prey, but when it comes to

reproducing, they will do whatever it take to get

a mate.

Page 34: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The mosquito originated from Southeast

Asia. They feed on different types of plants

from nectar to sugar-rich plant juices. As the

mosquito becomes more and more

developed, it needs blood in it’s system to

develop their eggs.

Page 35: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

The mosquitos new habitat is the United States of

America. It is commonly found around the southeast

part of the country. It was originated mainly from

Taiwan. The mosquito live in shallow water and

reproduce in wet and damp conditions. The female

mosquito sucks on bloods from mammals and then

transfer it to other mammals, keeping some for itself.

Page 36: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

Adaptions that the mosquitos have made to aid in their

success is how the female mosquitoes have longer stingers

that are used to collect blood from the victims and to help aid

in developing its eggs and babies. The male would be smaller

and would feed on nectar and plants.

Page 37: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

There are many negative effects that the

mosquito brings to the ecosystem. Most

seemingly, they serve as a health threat to

many species. They are a easy way for the

spread of disease throughout humans and

animals. Other then the spread of disease, a

sting from the bug can lead to a great deal of

pain.

Page 38: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

There are many things being done to remove the

mosquito and help save animals. Some actions major

organizations such as the U.S. Public Health Service

suggest is eliminating standing water in a populated

area, change wet dishes recently, and just find a way

to avoid creating a habitat for the animal. Other

suggestions would be wearing long sleeves and

repellent.

Page 39: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/14020/0

http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/blackfootedferret.htm

http://www.defenders.org/black-footed-ferret/basic-facts

http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=165

http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/marine-iguana

http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-

fungi/nesiota-elliptica-st-helena-olive

http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/37598/0

http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/37598/0

http://www.arkive.org/st-helena-olive/nesiota-elliptica/

Page 40: Endangered, Threatened, Extinct, Indicator, Keystone ... · extinct due to destruction of their habitats from humans. Another reason for there extinction was a rapid spread of diseases

https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Gray_Jay/id

http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/Perisoreus_canadensis/

http://www.oplin.org/tree/fact%20pages/maple_sugar/maple_sugar.htm

http://maple.dnr.cornell.edu/pubs/trees.htm

http://webpage.pace.edu/naturespace/Sugar%20Maple.htm

http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/aquatic/asian_tiger.htm

http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Aedes_albopictus/

http://sites.naturalsciences.org/invasives/mosquito.htm

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1920178

http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/aquatic/asian_tiger.htm

https://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_acsa3.pdf