Endangered Languages Map UNESCO
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0° 10°E 10°W 20°W 30°W 40°W 50°W 60°W 70°W 80°W 90°W 100°W 110°W 120°W 130°W 140°W 150°W 160°W 20°E 30°E 40°E 50°E 60°E 70°E 80°E 90°E 100°E 110°E 120°E 130°E 140°E 150°E 160°E 170°E 180°E 170°W 80°N 70°N 60°N 50°N 40°N 30°N 20°N 10°N 10°S 20°S 40°S 50°S 0° 80°N 70°N 60°N 50°N 40°N 30°N 20°N 10°N 10°S 20°S 30°S 40°S 0° Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn Tropic of Capricorn NIGERIA CHAD NIGER NIGERIA CAMEROON EQUATORIAL CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC BANGUI YAOUNDÉ MALABO ABUJA N'DJAMENA Zinder Zaria Douala Lake Chad Niger River Benue River Bioko Ubi Noy Isu Hya Gey Zeem Yasa Saba Odut Ndai Mono Luri Laal Kona Koke Jaya Ilue Horo Gyem Gura Gera Fyem Eman Duli Boor Bati Bade Tamki Sarwa Sambe Ngong Miltu Mbara Jilbe Iyive Hijuk Kiong Fania Dulbu Bubia Besme Zumaya Ngwaba Ngombe Nagumi Maslam Maslam Mambai Majera Mabiri Nubaca Kendem Karang Goundo Gadang Duguza Defaka Bakole Yangkam Ukhwejo Tuotomb Dimbong Berakou Baldemu Zirenkel Bakpinka Kudu-Camo Gurdu-Mbaaru Geji cluster Polci cluster Kuk Kung Bung Langa Busuu Bikya Somyev Njerep Akum Ndunda Mvanip Cambap Bishuo Beezen NIGERIA CAMEROON KENYA D. R. OF THE CONGO ETHIOPIA SUDAN CHAD CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Juba Al-Fashir N'Délé Abéché ADDIS ABABA I White Nile Uele River Blue Nile Ko Ik Zay Yem Bai Aka Aja Yulu Wali Tima Tese Oyda Nayi Molo Komo Kelo Karo Kari Homa Gule Geme Dair Boro Beli Toram Tirma Thuri Shabo Otoro Opuuo Narim Mursi Mo'da Kwegu Kwama Kulfa Keiga Katla Kanga Ge'ez Gafat Eliri Dimme Chara Bussa Bongo Birri Bayso Baygo Togoyo Tingal Tennet Napore Kadaru Feroge Boguru Arbore Tulishi Ngbinda Nyang'i Kujarge Kendeje K'emant Fongoro Argobba Qwarenya Morokodo Massalat Bambassi Dongotono El Hugeirat Belanda Bor Gats'ama - Ganjule - Harro Hozo Buga Shwai Karko Indri Ebang Temein Afitti Ts'amay Logorik Dilling Anfillo 'Ongota Njalgulgule Jonkor Bourmataguil Moro Laro Tocho Shatt Nding Tumtum Tagoi Ngile Lumun Logol Talodi Lafofa Krongo Heiban Warnang Acheron Bayot M'lomp Kwatay Karone Kasanga Ediamat Mancagne Jola- Kassa Gusilay Cobiana Bandial Bainouk- Samik Bainouk- Gunyaamolo GUINEA BISSAU SENEGAL GAMBIA Domari Juhur Yiddish Judezmo Lishanid Noshan Hulaula Lishana Deni Lishan Didan Judeo- Berber Tunisian Judeo-Arabic Moroccan Judeo-Arabic Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic ISRAEL JORDANWEST BANK GAZA Ljub. SLOVENIA CROATIA AUSTRIA ITALY Ladin Venetan Mòcheno Istriot Dalmatian Gottscheerish Friulian Cimbrian Resian Slovene Istro-Romanian Grozny Gori TBILISI Terek Caspian Sea RUSSIAN FEDERATION GEORGIA ARMENIA AZERBAIJAN Tat Lak Tsez Kryz Bats Avar Andi Agul Tindi Rutul Kumyk Archi Ossete Karata Ingush Hunzib Hinukh Dargwa Budukh Tsakhur Lezgian Chechen Botlikh Akhvakh Trukhmen Khinalug Godoberi Bagvalal Tabasaran Udi Udi Nogay Juhur Bohtan Neo-Aramaic Bezhta Khvarshi Chamalal Inkhokvari Yami Tsou Thao Amis Tayal Rukai Pyuma Taroko Paiwan Hoanya Babuza Yaeyama Siraiya Yonaguni Pazeh Bunun Basay Saaroa Kavalan Nataoran Kanakanabu Kulun Taokas Ketangalan Papora Saisiyat trait Taiwan Strait Taipei Taiwan, China CHINA U En Tum Ruc Rao Mpi Mon May Mak Lua Lai Kri Juk Bru Wuse Saek Sach Pong Pear Pale Nyoe Muji Lamu Lalo Laji Kuay Hung Hpun Gong Chru Brao Bola Bisu Bana Aluo Aheu Utsat Theen So-ng Sanyi Samre Samei Rumai Riang Pakan Nguon Mulam Lavua Lajia Lachi Kraol Kathu Danaw Chrau Chesu Ayizi Zaozou Swoeng Stieng Mok Samray Samrai Samatu Phnong Phalok Mlabri Maonan Krueng Kasong Hlersu Gazhuo Chuang Tempuan Palaung Chintaw Tanglang Tai Neua Nyah Kur Tai Daeng Wunai Bunu Numao Bunu Younuo Bunu Western Cham Eastern Cham Phula Laha Jiongnai Bunu Iduh Iduh Baheng Chung Chung Red Gelao Laomian Thavung Triw Arem Phong Kaco' Yerong Maleng Laghuu Laemae Kravet Buyang Samatao Dakkang Chatong Mang Thavung Mo'ang Laomian Baheng South China Sea Gulf of ailand THAILAND CHINA LAO P.D.R. MYANMAR CAMBODIA VIET NAM HANOI VIENTIANE BANGKOK PHNOM PENH n Haikou Huê Savannakhet Chiang Mai Nanning Ho Chi Minh City Salween Mekong Hainan Mekong Wa Hu Mok Sila Muda Amok Jinuo Angku Phunoi Cosung Akeu Khmin Tailoi Pasing Chepya Mang Sangkong Côông Khang Quang Lam CHINA LAO P.D.R. VIET NAM MYANMAR Pupeo Nung Ven Phula Mo'ang Red Gelao White Gelao Green Gelao VIET NAM CHINA INDIA Ho Turi Koda Asur Malto Juang Korwa Kharia Birhor Mundari Kurux Bhumji Tiwi Marrgu Wagiman Iwaidja Wardaman Madngele Gaagudju Ngaliwuru Maringarr Gajerrong Jaminjung Mangarrayi Gupapuyngu Malak Malak Marrithiyel Anindilyakwa Marrisyefin Ngangikurunggurr Ngalakan Jawoyn Rembarrnga Tiwi Islands AUSTRALIA Ngandi Ngalkbun Kunwinjku Nunggubuyu Ritharrngu Maung Nakkara Djinang Yan-nhangu Gurrgoni Kunbarlang AUSTRALIA Yuchi Osage Kansa Kiowa Creek Caddo Quapaw Pawnee Wichita Shawnee Chiwere Comanche Kiowa Apache Miami-Illinois Choctaw Arapaho Kickapoo Cherokee Chickasaw Cayuga Cheyenne Potawatomi Mescalero- Chiricahua Apache Huron- Wyandot U.S.A. Yuki Kato Ipai Hupa Yurok Wiyot Washo Wappo Maidu Karuk Hanis Tolowa Patwin Molala Konkow Kiksht Cupeño Cayuse Tututni Siuslaw Serrano Mattole Luiseño Kashaya Ineseño Cowlitz Sahaptin Panamint Obispeño Kawaiisu Atsugewi Achumawi Ventureño Tillamook Migueleño Nez Perce Barbareño Antoniano Purisimeño Lake Miwok Tubatulabal Wintu-Nomlaki Valley Yokuts Southern Pomo Klamath-Modoc Coeur d’Alene Mono (Western) Island Chumash Chinook Jargon Kumiai New River Shasta Central Kalapuyan Kings River Yokuts Eel River Athabaskan Central Sierra Miwok Southern Sierra Miwok Northern Sierra Miwok Northern Paiute Northern Paiute Kumiai Nisenan Konomihu Cahuilla Upper Umpqua Eastern Pomo Central Pomo Northern Pomo Upper Chehalis Mono Lower Chehalis Southeastern Pomo Northeastern Pomo Tule-Kaweah Yokuts UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Columbia Pacific Ocean Tijuana Los Angeles San Francisco MEXICO BELIZE CUBA EL SALVADOR HONDURAS NICARAGUA COSTA RICA PANAMA Cancùn MEXICO C. HAVANA BELMOPAN GUATEMALA CITY SAN SALVADOR MANAGUA SAN JOSÉ TEGUCIGALPA Pacific Ocean Gulf of Mexico Gulf of Honduras Cayman Is. Tol Ulwa Rama Pech Itzá Xinka Pipil Lenca Buglé Tuahka Kekchí Guaymí Chortí Boruca Yucatec Huichol Guatuso Ch'ortí Cabécar Tlahuica Subtiaba Lacandón Ayapanec Panamahka Matagalpa Chorotega Chichimec Cacaopera Phurhepecha Matlatzinca Sierra Otomí Central Pame Western Zoque Western Otomí Northern Pame Ixtenco Otomí Ixil Chuj Sierra Totonac Mopán Western Náhuatl Teribe Tabasco Náhuatl Rama Cay Creole Limonese creole K'iché Eastern Mazahua Chontal Tabasco Papantla Totonac Mosquitia Creole Misantla Totonac Huasteca Náhuatl Central Tlapanec San Andres Creole Garífuna Awakatek Pisaflores Tepehua Northwestern Otomí Miskito Bay Islands Creole Teribe Miskito Lower Northwestern Otomí Tawahka Poqomam Tilapa Otomí Mam Central Zoque Central Otomí Southern Zoque Western Mazahua Ocoyoacac Otomí Mezquital Otomí Central Náhuatl Bribri Akatec Northern Totonac Panamanian Creole Ozomatlán Totonac Mopán Huehuetla Tepehua Kaqchiquel Garífuna Bribri Tlachichilco Tepehua Ngäbere Garífuna Garífuna Western Tlapanec Southwestern Tepehuan Filomeno Mata Totonac Patla-Chicontla Totonac Sierra de Puebla Náhuatl Panamanian Creole English Central Mexico Map GUATEMALA GUATEMALA MEXICO GUATEMALA CITY Teko Achí Q'eqchí Tuzantec Tz'utujil Sipakapense Motocintlec Kaqchiquel Poqomchí Jakaltek Uspanteko Tektiteko Sakapulteko Q'aanjob'al Mam Ixil Chuj K'iché Akatec Awakatek Ixcatec Sayultec Lower Mixe Texistepecan Western Chocho Puebla Mazatec Eastern Chocho Western Popoloc Western Mazatec Southern Chocho Sierra Popoluca Tecóatl Mazatec Lowland Mazatec Lowland Chontal Isthmus Náhuatl Eastern Popoloc Coastal Chontal Central Popoloc Ayautla Mazatec Northern Popoloc Mazatlán Mazatec Eastern Tlapanec Eastern Cuicatec Central Tlapanec Central Cuicatec Zapotec of Petapa Southern Tlapanec Northern Tlapanec Zapotec of Mixtepe Soyaltepec Mazatec Chilchotla Mazatec Ocopetatillo Mazatec Mixtec of Zapotitlán Mixtec of Tlaltempan Chatino of Zacatepec Northwestern Tlapanec Malinaltepec Tlapanec San Mateo del Mar Huave Valle Nacional Chinantec Mixtec of San Pedro Tidaá San Dionisio del Mar Huave San Francisco del Mar Huave Zapotec of the Valleys, west Zapotec of the Valleys north Mixtec of Villa de Tututepec Mixtec of San Miguel Piedras Zapotec of Zimatlán de Álvarez Mixtec of Santa Cruz Itundujia Zapotec of the Valleys, central Zapotec of San Felipe Tejalapan Zapotec of San Bartolo Yautepec Chatino of the western lowlands Mixtec of the northeast lowlands Mixtec of Santa Inés de Zaragoza Mixtec of the southwest of Puebla Mixtec of the Puebla-Oaxaca border Zapotec of the Southern mountains, northeast Zapotec of the Southern mountains, eastern lowlands Zapotec of the Southern mountains, northwest lowlands Olultecan Ixcatlán Mazatec Highland Mazatec Highland Chontal Acatepec Mazatec Northern Cuicatec Huehuetlán Mazatec Eloxochitlán Mazatec Chiquihuitlán Mazatec Higher Reservoir Mazatec Santa María del Mar Huave Mixtec of the central Ravine Zapotec of San Antonino el Alto Zapotec of Asunción Tlacolulita Zapotec of the Valleys, middle northwest MEXICO Pacific Ocean Gulf of Mexico Salina Cruz Orizaba Oaxaca AFGHANISTAN PAKISTAN INDIA Kashmir and Jammu Savi Munji Gowro Yidgha Ushojo Tirahi Bateri Pashayi Sanglechi Ishkashimi Kundal Shahi Wotapuri- Katarqalai Chilisso Ningalami Gawar-Bati Kati Maiya Prasun Ashkun Waigali Domaaki Burushaski Torwali Gambiri Shumashti Bashkarik Dameli Phalura Kalasha Khowar CHINA INDIA NEPAL Indus Ganges Kashmir and Jammu Aksai Chin Tinan Raute Padri Kului Bunan Tolcha Kangdi Mahasui Ladakhi Kumaoni Khasali Kanashi Handuri Churahi Bhalesi Bangani Baghati Sirmaudi Kinnauri Garhwali Jaunsari Brokshat Bharmauri Rangkas Manchad Pangvali Mandeali Chambeali Bhadravahi Darma Rongpo Byangsi Jangshung Limirong Tibetan Rājbirāj Birātnagar Ilām Xigazê Lhasa Bhairawa Benares Rājshāhi Rangpur Agartala Aizawl Shillong Dispur KĀTHMĀNDU THIMPU DHAKA BHUTAN BANGLADESH CHINA MYANMAR NEPAL Brahmaputra Brahmaputra Ganges Gandak Kosi Meghna Chauka I r r a w a d d y Chinese Line Indian Line Na Ao Mra Mao Kom Idu Aka Adi Zeme Tsum Toto Tiwa Simi Seke Ruga Raji Phom Pasi Miji Mech Mara Koch Kham Kadu Hmar Hayu Galo Dura Bori Bodo Ahom Thado Tarao Taman Tagin Satar Rabha Purum Paite Padam Nupri Nocte Tangsa Newar Moyon Maram Malin Majhi Magar Lakha Khowa Kheza Kheng Khasi Karbi Kaike Kabui Lhota Ghale Ganan Dzala Deori Darai Dakpa Chang Chali Bokar Biete Aiton Aimol Wancho Tangam Tamang Sulung Rengma Nyishi Mising Milang Maring Lhokpu Lepcha Kurtöp Kumale Konyak Khamba Gurung Dol-po Dimasa Dhimal Chokri Chawte Bangni Angami A'tong ’Narpa Thakali Sangtam Pochuri Lamgang Kusunda Khoirao Kachari Gongduk Chepang Chairel Brokkat Apatani Tshangla Tangkhul Tai Rong Nupbikha Kokborok Liangmai Gyasumdo Dzongkha Chantyal ’Nyenkha Tai Phake Khiamngan Hrangkhol Hill Miri Nruanghmei Motuo Menba Kurux Khaccad Bhode Black Mountain Kurux Bishnupriya Manipuri Creole Anal Baram Andro Mzieme Lishpa Gangte Brokpa Thangmi Taruang Sengmai Minyong Meithei Tai Nora Langrong Kolhreng Bumthang Yimchungru Sherdukpen Cuona Menba ’Nyishangba ’Loke Tibetan Cho-ca-nga- ca-kha ’Langthang Tibetan Sam Puma Kohi Dumi Jero Surel Limbu Jirel Yamphu Yakkha Tilung Sunwar Sherpa Kulung Kagate Wambule Danuwar Chiling Bahing Thulung Sampang Khaling Bantawa Lohorung Mewahang Dungmali Chintang Chamling Shingsaba Nachiring Athpahariya Ha-lung Tibetan NEPAL CHINA BOGOTA QUITO GEORGETOWN PARAMARIBO Medellin Cayenne BRAZIL PERU ECUADOR COLOMBIA VENEZUELA GUYANA SURINAME French Guiana Pacific Ocean Inga Zo'é Bora Páez Máku Sapé Pume Mako Hodi Jitnu Nukak Yagua Nadëb Yameo Pijao Camsá Wanai Uruak Cuiba Tetete Totoró Apalai Nonuya Yucuna Taruma Panare Pémono Wajãpi Ticuna Orejón Wampis Awajun Iquito Baniva Zaparo Andoke Achuar Tunebo Sáliba Muinane Akuriyo Shiwiar Yanomám Yanomám Kaixána Arapáso Awa'pit Urarina Jebero Cocama- Cocamilla Arabela Tinigua Puinave Piapoko Sikuani Achagua Carabayo Cabiyarí Pisamira Taushiro Candoshi Yawarana Tsa'fiki Koreguaje Macaguaje Sikïiyana Sia Pedee Waotededo Vacacocha Guambiano Cha'palaa Émérillon Opon-Carare Andoa Andoa Trio Trio Shuar chicham Mirití Tapuia Baré Pemon Ninam Yuhup Quichua of Loja Sanema Miraña Omagua Galibi Marworno Wayana Wayana Quichua of Napo Waiwai Lokono Palikur Cubeo Macushi Macushi Huitoto Yecuana Piaroa Mawayana Ninam Pemon Lokono Oayana Embera Quichua of Pastaza Waunana Wapishana Carapana Yecuana Quichua of Salasaca Berbice Dutch Creole Yanomami Palikur Nheengatu/Yeral Kari'ña Kurripako Resígaro Carijona Guayabero Awa Cuaiquer Ocaina Omagua Tanimuca-Letuama Desano Akawaio Kari'ña Kari'ña Ocaina Miraña Yurutí Waiwai Karipuna do Amapá Mawayana Carapana Patamona Patamona Siriano Sanema Piaroa Katxuyana-Xikuyána Quichua of Imbabura Warekena Huitoto Siona/ Secoya Siona/ Secoya Cocama-Cocamilla A'ingae/ Cofan Quichua of Cañar & Azuay Wanano/ Kotiria Akawaio Quechua of Peruvian Amazonia Quichua of Cotopaxi, Tungurahua and Chimborazo Desano Tatuyo Tuyuca Hupda Barasana Baníwa do Içana Bara Macuna Tucano Piratapuya Piratapuya Nheengatu/Yeral Cacua Tariana Barasana Warekena Kurripako Dâw Bara Cubeo Macuna Tariana Siriano Wanano/Kotiria Tuyuca Baré Tucano Yurutí BRAZIL COLOMBIA VEN. Hupda Seneca Cayuga Munsee Potawatomi Ottawa Oneida Tuscarora Onondaga Mohawk CANADA U. S. A. Uru Mojo Myky Torá Jorá Dení Zoró Karo Yine Yuki Leco Juma Baure Matís Urupá Yameo Nanti Kwazá Culle Aikana Tacana Nukiní Iranxe Pirahã Pareci Marúbo Korúbo Araona Tupari Sabanê Paiter Apiaká Aymara Awajun Movima Jebero Jaqaru Panobo Diahói Cholon Paunaca Chácobo Apurinã Sirionó Suruahá Paumarí Umutina Chimané Guarayu Guarasu Kanoê Iñapari Ese eja Yanesha Urarina Salamãy Munichi Mosetén Mochica Makurap Itonama Akuntsu Poyanawa Yawanawá Cavineña Reyesano Tenharim Jarawára Jamamadí Kaxarari Amahuaca Yuracaré Puruborá Katawixi Karipuna Cayuvava Apolista Pacahuara Rikbaksta Harakmbut Mundurukú Shanenawa Capanahua Karitiana Chamicuro Canichana Sharanahua Chayahuita Sakurabiat Callahuaya Parintintin Kulina Páno Banawá Yafi Machiguenga Cinta Larga Enawenê- Nawê Uru-eu-au-au Wanka Quechua Nomatsiguenga Culina Omagua Shipibo- Conibo Quichua of Loja Arára Shawãdáwa Culina Mayoruna Quechua of Cuzco Ashaninka Katukina do Acre Quechua of Yauyos Katukína-Kanamarí Mayoruna Cashinahua Cashibo- Cacataibo Nambiquara do Sul Yaminahua Machineri Ashaninka Gavião de Rondônia Chiquitano Machineri Quechua of Pacaraos Cashinahua Nambiquara do Norte Quechua of Ayacucho Quechua of Cajamarca Chiquitano Quechua of San Martín Quechua of Chachapoyas Cocama- Cocamilla Quechua of Northern Bolivia Quechua of Southern Bolivia Quechua of Ancash and Huánuco Quechua of Cajatambo, Pasco and northern Junín Caquinte Campa Yaminahua BRAZIL PERU BOLIVIA Pucallpa Ica Trinidad Porto Velho LIMA Trujillo LA PAZ Pacific Ocean Madeira River Tapajós Purus Ucayali Moré Wari Aruá Oro Win Ajuru Kujubim BRAZIL Arikapu BOLIVIA Djeoromitxi Wauja Yudja Matipu Ikpeng Kayabi Trumai Nahukwa Kisêdjê Kuikuro Kamaiurá Mehináku Tapayuna Yawalapiti Aweti Kalapalo PAPUA NEW GUINEA INDONESIA AUSTRALIA New Britain Manus Island Irian Jaya Daru PORT MORESBY Banda Sea Arafura Sea Gulf of Papua Torres Strait Bismarck Sea So Coral Sea Pacific Ocean Timor Sea Seram Island Waigeo Kai Aru Tanimbar South Moluccas Islands As Ak Usu Atemble Pyu Mor Lae Musom Duwet Somm Belgebi Wab Taap Abaga Nafi Aribwatsa Ari Mahigi Karami Yoki Wari Wano Usku Ujir Tiwi Iwaidja Marrgu Sene Piru Papi Suarmin Ouma Ormu Onin Loun Lola Laua Magori Bina Yoba Kaiy Liki Itik Hoti Gebe Foya Fayu Dubu Biak Awyi Auye Woria Vehes Tause Taiap Sepa Sobei Sause Tench Salas Piame Pauwi Narau Musan Keder Karas Iteri Faita Dumun Dorro Mari Damal Dabra Awera Alune Ainba Turaka Anuki Doga Onjab Yarawi Grass Koiari Mulaha Koitabu Kaki Ae Numbani Bosilewa Mwatebu Garuwahi Tobati Puari Sera Sissano Tarpia Tandia Serili Senggi Saponi Momuna Massep Mansim Mander Kowiai Kembra Kamasa Dengalu Susuami Piu Kalamo Iresim Hermit Nauna Mussau-Emira Kaniet Likum Gorovu Dusner Doutai Burate Bonggo Bikaru Arguni Amahai Yapunda Bukiyip Kaiep Murik Kaningara Yimas Bumbita Arapesh Sissano Saparua Moraori Bothar Mindiri Koneraw Kawucha Uhunduni Sengseng Karore Getmata Legenyem Emplawas Nusa Laut Meriam Mir Duriankere Kalaw Lagaw Ya Nila Te'un Anus Kofei Taikat Kwansu Kapori Hulung Demisa Arawun Tofanma Taworta Paulohi Maremgi Kwerisa Kaibobo Isirawa Bonerif Benggoi Sumariup Naka'ela Kamarian Bedoanas Obokuitai Kayupulau Erokwanas Nila Te'un Moere Mawak Samosa Mosimo Yarawata Kowaki Bagupi Bepour Bilakura INDONESIA Makassar Kendari Palu Sulawesi Makassar Strait Wotu Waru Taje Napu Tialo Tajio Padoe L Lauje Dondo Dakka Busoa Boano Besoa Baras Andio Totoli Taloki Pendau Tobada' Talondo Kodeoha Tomadino Panasuan Bahonsuai Budong- Budong Kahumamahon Saluan Koroni Dampal Rahambuu Lemolang Dampelas Tombelala Baleasang Ampibabo Lauje Ske Tape Sowa Baki Aore Nivat Naman Naati Labo Mores Mafea Araki Tutuba Nisvai Bieria Navwien Maragus Bierebo Amblong Tolomako Matanvat Malmariv Repanbitip ; Niviar Bangsa Aveteian Nasarian Tambolato Sorsorian Shark Bay Polonomombauk Lorediakarkar Dorig Koro Olrat Lakon VANUATU Pije Tiri Nemi Neku Jawe Fwâi Caac Arho Arha Orowe Kumak Sishee Pwapwa Drubea Pwaamèi Xaragure Voh-Koné dialects Fagauvea Fagauvea New Caledonia 1 1 2 8 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 Pu Yug Yaw Ura Soo Soi She Pyu Ona Mru Lom Laz Kui Kua Kim Sei Ket Kao Ifo Emae Ibu Hiw Gao Ega Bom Ata Añu Zuni Yola Yeyi Yatê Yasa Xiri Xetá Vote Veps Vano Urum Tulu Tofa Toda Tazy Tati Taos Tafi Taba Svan Suba Sora Siwi Sibe Sian Shor Seru Seri Sake Remo Toba Savo Rapa Pana Onge Norn Noon Nalu N/uu Muya Muot Mizo Miju Orok Mayo Manx Mani Maká Luro Lude Lari Kuvi Kuot Kott Kota Kore Komi Kili Kija Khwe Kede Kami Jone Jeri Hopi Habu Eyak Ersu Deti Dene Gazi Dari Crow Boro Boni Bolo Bawm Arta Barí Amba Akie Aché /Xam /Gui Zhaba Zazao Zaiwa Yukpa Yiiji Yakut Yaaku Wutun Wichi Welsh Warao Wakhi Vumbu Vedda Vafsi Unami Ulcha Udege Twana Tuvan Tembé Teanu Suret Soyot Solon Sogoo Sioux Singa Sighu Sened Semai Scots Santa Salar Rusyn Ririo Reshe Pukur Pengo Patua Parya Parji Oroha Oroch Ordos Lemering Volow Mwesen Lehali Ofayé Nanay Naiki Mulao Oyrat Menik Mehri Mator Mapia Maori Maniq Manda Angika Löyöp Lolak Lipan Lanoh Laghu Kwisi Kwadi Kurru Krahô Korku Konni Konda Kogui Kilit Kilen Kerek Kaska Kamas Kalao Kadai Jemez Javaé Jahai Irula Irish Hoava Hadza Gyele Gweno Gutob Guató Guaná Guajá Gorum Gorap Gallo Erzya Dukha Gondi Geta? Choyi Chaná Bwisi Burji Bonjo Bonan Berti Benga Beeke Batek Batak Bardi Banka Baima Arman Amami Alawa Ahtna Adyge Adabe Abaza Aasax =/Hoa //Ani !Xoon Zazaki Zaramo Yurats Yahgan Waanyi Vilela Vera'a Uruava Umpila Udmurt Tuwuli Turoyo Tunica Ts'ixa Torlak Tonjon Tobian Terena Temuan Temiar Taulil Tanema Tanana Talysh Tagish Stoney Senaya Sekani Segeju Sawkna Romani Razihi Pilagá Picard Phuthi Panará Araweté Mawé Xipáya Kuruáya Múra Waiwai Hixkaryána Waimiri- Atroari Sarcee Palu'e Paloor Ormuri Parachi Ongamo Omotik Ojibwe Oirata Nyamal Norman Nootka Niuean Nihali Ngarla Ngardi Nemadi Nayini Navajo Naueti Namuyi Talu Miqie Naluo Nahali Nafusi Moksha Moklen Moghol Mocoví Miyako Paipai Michif Manjui Mandan Maku'a Lisela Lardil Lakota Kuruba Kunjen Krevin Krenjê Krenak Koryak Korana Koraga Kolami Kokota Kodagu Lengua Kinare Kiliwa Khalaj Khakas Kentak Kensiw Kensiw Kayeli Kaurna Karajá Kandas Kamara Kalmyk Kaande Khojki Jarawa Hobyot Helong Haisla Gascon Garrwa Gangou Gadaba Figuig Faetar Eotile Elmolo Dzhidi Dungan Dororo Dolgan Dogrib Dhurga Dharug Dhaiso Danisi Damana Dakota Dahalo Coptic Bunuba Bungee Breton Brahui Bororo Birgid Beaver Basque Badala Ayoreo Awjila Aruaco Aputai Anambé Alutor Abkhaz /Xaise //Gana /'Auni Zidgali Yavapai Yanyuwa Xokleng Xerente Xavante Xambioá Waxiang Warnman Wambaya Walloon Wajarri Waima'a Vidunda Toratán Tapieté Tanaina Tamajeq Tamaceq Tahltan Spokane Sorbian Soqotri Sivandi Singpho Shuswap Shughni Shompen Shixing Semnani Semelai Sechelt Scanian Sanenyo Rushani Rotuman Romansh Rapanui Quechan Puluwat Pukobyê Pintupi Picuris Permyak Penrhyn Satawal Nyikina Nukuoro Nivaclé Nisga'a Negidal Nauruan Natchez Natanzi Naskapi Moksela Mo-peng Paafang Mandaic Lorrain Lorkoti Lombard Laiyolo Kyakala Kw'adza Kutenai Kurtjar Kurrama Kumzari Kukatja Krikati Koyukon Koroshi Liliali Lengilu Kenaboi Kanowit Kangjia Kadiwéu Ka’apór Jingulu Jibbali Jah Hut Ingrian Ingalik Huichol Hidatsa Hawrami Harsusi Hachijo Gutnish Guajiro Gardiol Faroese Faghani Enggano Dyirbal Itelmen Gitksan Ghomara Cornish Chuvash Chukchi Chipaya Chimila Catawba Carrier Burunge Budibud Bong'om Bathari Bassari Bashkir Banjima Bakairi Asumboa Arikara Arabana Apinajé Animere Amanayé Akwáwa Arara do Pará Asurini do Xingu Alabama //Xegwi //Kx'au !Gan!ne Zenatiya Yaghnobi Xakriabá Wunambal Worrorra Woleaian Warlpiri Ulithian Tuvaluan Tsetsaut Trukhmen Töitschu Thompson Taznatit Tayurayt Tasnusit Tapirapé Tamzabit Tacenwit Squamish Sonsorol Siglitun Sicilian Sanapaná Quinault Quileute Qawasqar Polesian Papapana Tidikelt Saulteau Sauk-Fox Sarikoli Palumata Okinawan Okanagan Oji-Cree Nooksack Ngarluma Nganasan Mudburra Mokilese Mikasuki Maxakali Maricopa Manihiki Mangarla Malecite Makolkol Mahongwe Mah Meri Livonian Limousin Lamongse Kuurinji Kurmanji Kunigami Kristang Kosraean Korandje Lillooet Ligurian Li-Ngbee Kazukuru Katabaga Karagash Kalispel Makah Halkomelem Straits Salish Kaingang Khunsari Ili Turk Hukumina Hualapai Hértevin Heiltsuk Hawaiian Guliguli Guichong Dharawal Ghadames Dahaalik Corsican Chamorro Bukharic Bavarian Ashtiani Arrernte Arbanasi Bartangi Yazgulami Wiradjuri Warumungu Võro-Seto Ume Saami Tuamotuan Tsimshian Tsakonian Tokelauan Tharkarri Thaayorre Tetserret Ter Saami Tehuelche Tchumbuli Tanacross Sentilese Pukapukan Provençal Pentlatch Sassarese Ngarinyin Ngarinman Namonuito Miriwoong Paakantyi Menominee Mangareva Low Saxon Laxudumau Latgalian Kwak'wala Koko Bera Kinikinau Kayardild Kashubian Karajarri Imeraguen Huilliche Havasupai Guranalum Guajajara Gallurese Dungidjau Columbian Chilcotin Chamacoco Auvergnat Aurê-Aurá Atikamekw Atacameño Aromanian Aragonese Bashkardi Alemannic //Ku //'e Yurt Tatar Yir Yoront Yazva Komi Woods Cree Wangkumara Walmajarri Vilamovian Ute Ute Ute Tchitchege Tagargrent Slovincian Semaq Beri Rarotongan Punan Batu Pite Saami Orang Hulu Olonetsian Moose Cree Mingrelian Lule Saami Logudorese Kuuku Ya'u Mebengokre Kemi Saami Kamas Turk Holikachuk Gamilaraay Faire Atta Gooniyandi Chemehuevi Champenois Burgundian Bundjalung Belarusian Baga Kalem Badiaranke Aqaw Gelao Wik Ngathan Wik Mungkan Toba-Maskoy Swampy Cree South Saami Skolt Saami Shira Yugur Plains Cree Pingelapese Piedmontese Saterlandic Saryg Yugur Orang Kanaq Omaha-Ponca Old Sirenik Nyangumarta North Saami Mortlockese Martuwangka Lushootseed Klallam Northern Straits Salish Isarog Agta Inuinnaqtun Inari Saami Gününa Küne Gros Ventre Dalecarlian Chulym Turk Campidanese Bella Coola Bataan Ayta Baga Sitemu Ava-Guaraní Antakirinya Abai Sungai Western Mari West Frisian West Flemish Wangaaybuwan Upland Yuman Tundra Enets South Slavey South Jutish Pontic Greek Plautdietsch Peco' creole Patani Malay Ongkor Solon North Slavey Nivkh Ngaatjatjara Luxemburgian Languedocian Kuku Yalanji Kildin Saami Island Carib Han Han Gumbaynggirr Forest Enets Eastern Mari Dicamay Agta Dagur Baraba Tatar Baga Mboteni Baga Manduri Ava-Canoeiro Akkala Saami Acoma- Laguna Wik Ngencherr Western Mansi Tundra Nenets Takahanyilang Southern Ayta South Italian Orang Seletar Northern Alta North Frisian Ngaanyatjarra Minhe Monguor Manchu Kairui- Midiki Jersey French Franc-Comtois Forest Nenets Eastern Mansi Dagur Cape Khoekhoe Adnyamathanha Yaqui Western Apache Ubykh Tundra Yukagir Tewa Southern Tujia Southern Mansi Southern Haida Southern Altay Sinkiang Dagur Siberian Tatar River Guarijío Pitjantjatjara Northern Tujia Northern Mansi Northern Haida Northern Altay Nogay Mt. Iraya Agta Montana Salish Mlahso Manchu Kivallirmiutut Kapingamarangi Kaiowá Guarani Kabard- Cherkes Khorasani Turk Javindo creole Hulaula Gavião do Pará Gallo- Sicilian Forest Yukagir Even Eastern Slovak Eastern Ojibwe Eastern Khanty Dupaninan Agta Dagur Cypriot Arabic Comox/Sliammon Central Selkup Central Ojibwe Alabugat Tatar Aivilingmiutut Yankunytjatjara Vojvodina Rusyn Upper Kuskokwim Tamahaq Southern Selkup Southern Paiute Southern Khanty Scottish Gaelic Nunavimmiutitut Northern Selkup Northern Khanty Nogay Natsilingmiutut Ñandeva Guarani Molise Croatian Mlahso Palenque Creole Ottawa Micmac Mapuche Manchurian Ölöt Koasati Karelian Karaim Karachay- Balkar Guugu Yimidhirr Guernsey French Griko Franco- provençal Embera Eastern Abenaki East Franconian East Cape Yupik Cuna Cuna Crimean Turkish Banat Bulgarian Anung Anung Aleut Aleut Alderney French Ainu Ainu Ainu Yiddish West Greenlandic Waunana Ubykh Shoshoni Shoshoni Shoshoni Sanhaja of Srair Sak Sak Tlingit O'odham O'odham Nivkh Megleno- Romanian Kickapoo Kanela Apaniekra Judezmo Jicarilla Apache Khamnigan Mongol Griko Emilian- Romagnol East Greenlandic Csángó Hungarian Corfiot Italkian Cocopa Cocopa Austral dialects Asturia- Leonese Alpine Provençal Tamazight Tamahaq Southern Tutchone Sonora Lower Pima Rigolet Inuktitut Oneida Nunatsiavummiutut Northern Tutchone North Greenlandic Ottawa Kickapoo Kickapoo Karelian Gwich'in Guaraní Boliviano Evenki Even Eastern Kamchadal Chorote Iyojwa'ja Arvanite Albanian Arapaho Algherese Catalan Western Tarahumara Western Montagnais Southern Kamchadal Southern East Cree Rio Grande Keresan Rhenish Franconian Oneida Northern East Cree Northern Algonquin Pacific Gulf Yupik Mariupolitan Greek Maniwaki Algonquin Manchurian Kirghiz Karelian Karelian Karaim Evenki Eastern Montagnais Cheyenne Buryat Blackfoot Blackfoot Arbëreshë Albanian Alabat Island Agta Zenaga White Gelao Western Neo-Aramaic Transylvanian Saxon Touggourt Tamazight Tamazight Qikiqtaaluk nigiani Potawatomi Onondaga Northwestern Ojibwe Mohawk Mohawk Mohawk Mohawk Mohawk Mohawk Mohave Mohave Mapuche Lishana Deni Lishan Didan Koasati Kari’ña Khövsgöl Uryangkhay Homshetsma Green Gelao Gagauz Copper Island Aleut Choctaw Buryat Burgenland Croatian Winnebago Limburgian- Ripuarian Choctaw Chihuahua Lower Pima Central Cagayan Agta Central Asian Arabic Camarines Norte Agta Assiniboine Winnebago Urak Lawoi Urak Lawoi Southwestern Tepehuan Potawatomi Poitevin-Saintongeais Mbya Guarani Karaim Homshetsma Buryat Tamazight Qikiqtaaluk uannangani Potawatomi Ngatikese Men's Creole Micmac Maliseet- Passamaquoddy Lishanid Noshan Judeo-Berber Huron- Wyandot Gagauz Crimean Tatar Zenaga Southeastern Tarahumara Northwestern Tarahumara Northern Paiute Mbya Guarani Crimean Tatar Western Abenaki Western Abenaki Western Armenian Tamazight Evenki Evenki Cherokee Norfolk-Pitcairn Cappadocian Greek Cappadocian Greek Norfolk-Pitcairn Southern Tiwa Western Armenian Quechua of Santiago del Estero North Alaskan Inupiaq Tunisian Judeo-Arabic Moroccan Judeo-Arabic Seneca Munsee Mbya Guarani Central Siberian Yupik Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic Tlingit Aleut North Alaskan Inupiaq Gwich'in Central Alaskan Yupik Central Alaskan Yupik North Alaskan Inupiaq Assiniboine Upper Tanana Seward Peninsula Inupiaq Seward Peninsula Inupiaq Seward Peninsula Inupiaq Mescalero- Chiricahua Apache Seward Peninsula Inupiaq Menri' Badaga Khampti Bellari Tangwang Roshorvi Che Wong Tanimbili Blablanga Ganggalidda Huzhu Monguor Tewa Mountain Guarijío Kanela Rankokamekra Yaqui Indian Ocean Java Sea Sulu Sea South China Sea East China Sea Sea of Japan Sea of Okhotsk Yellow Sea Gulf of ailand Bay of Bengal Philippine Sea Luzon Strait Taiwan Strait Andaman Sea Caspian Sea Persian Gulf Gulf of Oman Red Sea Gulf of Aden Mozambique Channel Cape of Good Hope Lake Victoria Black Sea Baltic Sea North Sea Barents Sea Kara Sea Arctic Ocean Laptev Sea East Siberian Sea Bering Sea Mediterranean Sea Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska Beaufort Sea Hudson Bay Baffin Bay Gulf of Mexico Gulf of Honduras Caribbean Sea Gulf of Guinea Labrador Sea Greenland Sea Arabian Sea Banda Sea Solomon Sea Bismarck Sea Coral Sea Tasman Sea Arafura Sea Timor Sea Sumatra Borneo Mindanao Taiwan, China Luzon Kyüshü Shikoku Nansei Islands Honshü Hokkaidö Aleutian Islands Aleutian Islands Sakhalin Java Kalimantan Andaman Islands (India) Madeira Canary Islands Greenland Baffin Island Victoria Island Alaska Martinique Falkland Islands South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Guadeloupe Galápagos Hawaii Réunion Bali Sulawesi Timor Tasmania Irian Jaya SPAIN PORTUGAL MOROCCO Western Sahara ALGERIA MAURITANIA CAPE VERDE MALI GUINEA LIBERIA COTE D'IVOIRE GHANA BENIN TOGO SIERRA LEONE GUINEA BISSAU NIGERIA CAMEROON GABON CONGO EQUATORIAL GUINEA SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE NIGER CHAD CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC SUDAN ERITREA ETHIOPIA KENYA BURUNDI RWANDA UGANDA UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA SOMALIA DJIBOUTI SENEGAL BURKINA FASO GAMBIA EGYPT TUNISIA MALTA CYPRUS LEBANON ISRAEL WEST BANK GAZA GOLAN JORDAN ITALY GREECE ALBANIA BULGARIA ROMANIA SERBIA 7 8 9 10 11 12 UKRAINE BELARUS LITHUANIA LATVIA ESTONIA FINLAND SWEDEN NORWAY DENMARK POLAND R.F. CZECH REP. SLOVAKIA HUNGARY CROATIA AUSTRIA 2 3 4 5 6 1 GERMANY IRELAND ICELAND CANADA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA MEXICO CUBA BELIZE GUATEMALA EL SALVADOR HONDURAS NICARAGUA COSTA RICA PANAMA BAHAMAS HAITI GRENADA ST. KITTS AND NEVIS ST. LUCIA Netherlands Antilles DOMINICA ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA PUERTO RICO DOMINICAN REPUBLIC BARBADOS ST. VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO VENEZUELA GUYANA SURINAME BRAZIL French Guiana COLOMBIA ECUADOR PERU BOLIVIA PARAGUAY ARGENTINA URUGUAY CHILE JAMAICA U.S.A. NETHER. U. K. OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND FRANCE 1 BELGIUM 2 LUXEMBOURG 3 LIECHTENSTEIN 4 MONACO 5 ANDORRA 6 SAN MARINO 7 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 8 MONTENEGRO 9 HOLY SEE 10 SWITZERLAND 11 SLOVENIA 12 THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA REP. of MOLDOVA TURKEY LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA INDONESIA TIMOR-LESTE PAPUA NEW GUINEA FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA SOLOMON ISLANDS MARSHALL ISLANDS VANUATU NEW-ZEALAND AUSTRALIA FIJI TONGA SAMOA TUVALU NAURU KIRIBATI PALAU New Caledonia PHILIPPINES BRUNEI DARRUSALAM SINGAPORE MALAYSIA SRI LANKA MALDIVES MADAGASCAR COMOROS SEYCHELLES MOZAMBIQUE ZIMBABWE SWAZILAND LESOTHO SOUTH AFRICA NAMIBIA ANGOLA BOTSWANA ZAMBIA D. R. OF THE CONGO MALAWI MAURITIUS THAILAND CHINA MONGOLIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION MYANMAR BHUTAN NEPAL BANGLADESH PAKISTAN TAJIKISTAN KYRGYZSTAN UZBEKISTAN TURKMENISTAN AZERBAIJAN GEORGIA ARMENIA IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) OMAN YEMEN SAUDI ARABIA UNITED ARAB EMIRATES QATAR BAHRAIN KUWAIT IRAQ SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC KAZAKHSTAN AFGHANISTAN INDIA LAO P.D.R. CAMBODIA VIET NAM JAPAN REPUBLIC OF KOREA DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA UNESCO Map of the World’s Languages in Danger UNESCO Map of the World’s Languages in Danger The world’s diverse languages allow people to live together and to express their ideas, emotions, knowledge, memories and values. Languages are also essential to the intangible cultural heritage of individuals and groups. Yet, more than 2400 languages of some 6700 languages spoken today are in danger of disappearing. No single factor can be used alone to assess a language’s vitality, but UNESCO experts have identified nine that should be considered together (see the “Language Vitality and Endangerment” report of the UNESCO Ad Hoc Expert Group on Endangered Languages, 2003, available online). Contributors followed the methodology presented in that report to assess the vitality of the languages displayed here. Language Endangerment The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted line represents approximately the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir agreed upon by India and Pakistan. The final status of Jammu and Kashmir has not yet been agreed upon by the parties. © UNESCO 2009 - Printed February 2009 Ordering and other information: http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/ With the support of the Government of Norway Cartographer: Alexandre Nicolas (www.le-cartographe.net) Editor-in-Chief: Christopher Moseley This map is based on the 2009 edition of the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, published in print as well as online (http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages). The Atlas is the result of an international collaboration of more than thirty linguists from around the world. The digital online edition will be continually enriched by contributions from many other researchers and from speakers of endangered languages. Unsafe Definitely endangered Severely endangered Critically endangered Extinct (since the 1950s) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
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ENDANGERED LANGUAGES WORLD MAP
Transcript of Endangered Languages Map UNESCO
0° 10°E10°W20°W30°W40°W50°W60°W70°W80°W90°W100°W110°W120°W130°W140°W150°W160°W 20°E 30°E 40°E 50°E 60°E 70°E 80°E 90°E 100°E 110°E 120°E 130°E 140°E 150°E 160°E 170°E 180°E 170°W
80°N
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10°S
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0°
Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricorn Tropic of Capricorn
10°N
0° 0°
10°W 0° 10°E
0° 10°E
0 200 400 km
BENIN
NIGERIA
CHAD
NIGER
NIGERIA
CAMEROON
EQUATORIAL
GUINEA
SAO TOME AND
PRINCIPE
CENTRALAFRICAN REPUBLIC
NIGER
BURKINAFASO
CÔTED'IVOIRE
TOGO
GHANA
LIBERIA
GUINEA
MALI
GUINEABISSAU
SENEGAL
GAMBIA
SIERRALEONE
CONGO
D.R. OFTHE CONGO
SAO TOME LIBREVILLE
BRAZZAVILLE
KINSHASA
BANGUI
YAOUNDÉMALABO
ABUJA
N'DJAMENA
PORTO-NOVOLOMÉ
ACCRA
NIAMEY
OUAGADOUGOU
BAMAKO
YAMOUSSOUKRO
MONROVIA
FREETOWN
CONAKRY
BISSAU
BANJUL
Lagos
Tamale
Tamale
Bobo-Dioulasso
Zinder
Abidjan
Mopti
Nzerekore
Kankan
Zaria
Korhogo
Bo
Bata
Douala
Port-Gentil
Pointe-Noire
Ouesso
Lake Chad
LakeVolta
Gulf of
Guinea
South
Atlantic
Ocean
Niger Rive
r
Nig
er R
iver
Benue River
Cong
o Ri
ver
Sao Tome
Principe Río Muni
Bioko
Sei
Ubi
Noy
Isu
Hya
Kim
Gey
Ega
Bom
Zeem
Yasa
Ta�
Sake
Saba
Pana
Odut
Noon
Ndai
Nalu
Mono
Mani Luri Laal
Kona
Koke
Jeri
Jaya
Ilue
Horo
Gyem
Gura
Gera
Fyem
Eman
Duli
Boro
Boor
Bati
Bade
Vumbu
Tamki
Sighu
Sarwa
Sambe
Reshe
Pukur
Ngong
Miltu
Menik
Mbara
Konni
Jilbe
Iyive
Hijuk
Gyele
Kiong
Fania
Dulbu
Bwisi
Bubia
Bonjo
Besme
Benga
Banka Zumaya
Tonjon
Tuwuli
Paloor
Ngwaba
Ngombe
Nagumi
MaslamMaslam
Mambai
Majera
Mabiri
Nubaca
Kendem
Karang
Kamara
Kaande
Goundo
Gadang
Eotile
Duguza
Defaka
Bakole
Yangkam
Ukhwejo
Tuotomb
Mo-peng
Dimbong
Berakou
Bassari
Baldemu
Animere
Zirenkel
Mahongwe
Bakpinka
Tetserret
Tchumbuli
Kudu-Camo
Tchitchege
Baga Kalem
Badiaranke
Baga Sitemu Gurdu-Mbaaru
Geji clusterBaga Mboteni
Baga Manduri
Polci cluster
KukKung
Bung
Langa
Busuu
Bikya
Somyev
Njerep
Akum
Ndunda
Mvanip
Cambap
Bishuo
Beezen
NIGERIA
CAMEROON
20°E 30°E 50°E
10°N
0°
20°E 30°E 40°E 50°E
SOMALIA
KENYA
UGANDA
BURUNDI
RWANDA
D. R. OF THECONGO
UNITED REPUBLICOF TANZANIA
ETHIOPIA
SUDAN
CHAD
CENTRALAFRICAN
REPUBLIC
DJIBOUTI
ERITREA
YEMEN
Mombasa
Juba
Kindu
Kisangani
Al-Fashir
Berbera
Aden
Gulu
Hargeisa
Kismayo
Dire Dawa
N'Délé
Nakuru
Abéché
MOGADISHU
ADDIS ABABA
BANGUI
KAMPALA
KIGALI
BUJUMBURA
NAIROBI
DJIBOUTIGulf of Aden
Lake
Victoria
RedSea
ArabianSea
Indian
Ocean
Whi
te N
ile
Uele River
Congo River
Blue Nile
Ko
Ik
ZayYem
Soo
Ubi
Noy
Bai
Aka
Aja
Yulu
WaliTima
Tese
Suba
Saba
Oyda
Nayi
Molo
Laal
Kore
Komo
Koke
Kelo
Karo
Kari
Jaya
Homa
Gule
Geme
Dair
Boro
Boni
Beli
AmbaYaaku
Toram
Tirma
Thuri
Sogoo
Singa
Shabo
Otoro
Opuuo
Narim
Mursi
Mo'da
Kwegu
KwamaKulfa
KeigaKatla
Kanga
Hadza
Gweno
Ge'ez
Gafat
Eliri
Dimme
Chara
Bussa
BurjiBonjo
Bongo
Birri
Berti
Beeke
Bayso
Baygo
Togoyo
Tingal
Tennet
Ongamo
Omotik
Napore
Kadaru
Kinare
Feroge
Elmolo
Dahalo
Boguru
Birgid
Arbore
Tulishi
Ngbinda
Nyang'i
Lorkoti
Kujarge
Kendeje
K'emant
Fongoro
Bong'om
ArgobbaQwarenya
Morokodo
Massalat
Li-Ngbee
Bambassi
Dongotono
El Hugeirat
Belanda Bor Gats'ama - Ganjule -Harro
Hozo
Buga
Shwai
Karko
Indri
Ebang
Temein
A�tti
Ts'amay
Logorik
Dilling
An�llo
'Ongota
Njalgulgule
Jonkor Bourmataguil
Moro
Laro
Tocho
Shatt
NdingTumtum
Tagoi
NgileLumun
Logol
Talodi
Lafofa
Krongo
Heiban
Warnang
Acheron
Bayot
M'lomp
Kwatay
Karone
Kasanga
Ediamat
Mancagne
Jola-Kassa
Gusilay
Cobiana
Bandial
Bainouk-Samik
Bainouk-Gunyaamolo
GUINEABISSAU
SENEGALGAMBIA
Domari
Juhur
Yiddish
Judezmo
LishanidNoshan
Hulaula
LishanaDeni
Lishan Didan
Judeo-Berber
TunisianJudeo-Arabic
MoroccanJudeo-Arabic
BarzaniJewish
Neo-AramaicISRAEL
JORDAN
WESTBANK
GAZA
Ljub.SLOVENIA
CROATIA
AUSTRIA
ITALY
Ladin
Venetan
Mòcheno
Istriot
Dalmatian Gottscheerish
Friulian
Cimbrian
Resian Slovene
Istro-Romanian
0 100 200 km
40°E 45°E 50°E
50°E45°E40°E40°N
45°N
40°N
45°N
Poti
Sukhumi
Krasnodar
Sochi
Tuapse
Grozny
Kutaisi
Gori
Gandja
Hopa
Rize
Kars
Nevinnomyssk
Karachayevsk
BatumiTBILISI
BAKUEREVAN
Kura
Rioni
Terek
Kuban
Black
Sea
Caspian
Sea
Lake
Sevan
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
GEORGIA
TURKEY
ARMENIA AZERBAIJAN
Abkhazia
Adjara
Nagorno-Karabakh
TatLaz
Lak
Tsez
Svan
Kryz
Bats
Avar
Andi
Agul
Tindi
Rutul
Kumyk
Archi
Adyge
Abaza
Ossete
Karata
Kalmyk
Ingush
HunzibHinukh
Dargwa
Budukh
Abkhaz
Tsakhur
Lezgian
Chechen
Botlikh
Akhvakh
Trukhmen
Khinalug
Godoberi
Bagvalal
Tabasaran
Mingrelian
Pontic Greek
Udi
Kabard-Cherkes
Alabugat Tatar
Karachay-Balkar
Udi
Ubykh
Nogay
Juhur
BohtanNeo-Aramaic
Homshetsma
Homshetsma
Bezhta
Khvarshi
Chamalal
Inkhokvari
Yami
Tsou
Thao
Amis
Tayal
RukaiPyuma
Taroko
Paiwan
Hoanya
Babuza
Yaeyama
Siraiya
YonaguniPazeh
Bunun
Basay
Saaroa
Kavalan
Nataoran
Kanakanabu
Kulun
Taokas
Ketangalan
Papora
Saisiyat
Paci�c
Ocean
Luzon Strait
Taiwan
Strait
Taipei
Taiwan, China
CHINA
U
EnYaw
Tum
She
Ruc
Rao
Pyu
Mru
Mpi
Mon
May
Mak
Lua
Lai
Kri
Juk
Bru
Ata
Yami
Wuse
Tsou
Thao
Saek
Sach
Pong
Pear
Pale
Nyoe
Muji
Lamu
Lalo
Laji
Kuay
Hung
Hpun
Gong
Chru
Brao
Bola
Bisu
Bawm
Bana
Arta
Amis
Aluo
Aheu
Utsat
Theen
So-ng
Sanyi
Samre
TayalSamei
Rumai
Rukai
Riang
PyumaPatua
Pakan
Nguon
Mulam
Maniq
Lavua
Lajia
Lachi
Kraol
Kathu
Danaw
Chrau
Chesu
Batak
Ayizi
Zaozou
Taroko
Swoeng
Stieng
Mok
Samray
Samrai
Samatu
Paiwan
Phnong
Phalok
Moklen
Mlabri
MiyakoMaonan
Krueng
Kentak
Kensiw
Kasong
Hoanya
Hlersu
Gazhuo
Chuang
Babuza
Yaeyama
Siraiya
Tempuan
Palaung
Chintaw
Yonaguni
Tanglang
Tai Neua
Okinawan
Nyah Kur
Katabaga
Tai Daeng
Wunai Bunu
NumaoBunu
Faire Atta
Younuo Bunu
Bataan Ayta
Abai Sungai
WesternCham
Patani Malay
Eastern Cham
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VIET NAM
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0 200 400 km
10°N
20°N
70°E 80°E
70°E 80°E
90°E
INDIA
SRI LANKA
MALDIVES
BANGLADESH
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140°E130°E
150°E140°E130°E120°E
20°S 20°S
30°S 30°S
0 250 500 km
Tiwi
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PAPUA NEW GUINEA
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WESTERN
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Central Mexico MapGUATEMALA
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CentralTlapanec
Central Cuicatec
Zapotec of Petapa
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Northern Tlapanec
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Chilchotla Mazatec
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Mixtec of Zapotitlán
Mixtec of Tlaltempan
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Northwestern Tlapanec
MalinaltepecTlapanec
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Mixtec of San Pedro Tidaá
San Dionisio delMar Huave
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Zapotec of theValleys, west
Zapotec of the Valleys north
Mixtec of Villade Tututepec
Mixtec of San Miguel Piedras
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Zapotec of theValleys, central
Zapotec of San Felipe Tejalapan
Zapotec of San Bartolo Yautepec
Chatino of thewestern lowlands
Mixtec of the northeast lowlands
Mixtec of Santa Inés de Zaragoza
Mixtec of the southwest of Puebla
Mixtec of the Puebla-Oaxaca border
Zapotec of theSouthern mountains,
northeast
Zapotec of theSouthern mountains,
eastern lowlands
Zapotec of the Southernmountains,
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Highland Mazatec
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Northern Cuicatec
Huehuetlán Mazatec
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HigherReservoirMazatec
Santa Maríadel Mar Huave
Mixtec of thecentral Ravine
Zapotec ofSan Antonino
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Zapotec of the Valleys, middle northwest
M E X I C O
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Gulf of Mexico
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Coatzacoalcos
Orizaba
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0 100 200 km
30°N 30°N
80°E70°E
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CHINA
AFGHANISTAN
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0 100 200 km
30°N 30°N
80°E70°E
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CHINA
AFGHANISTAN
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Central Asian Arabic
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Shillong
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Macushi Macushi
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Quechua of NorthernBolivia
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Fagauvea
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3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
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Pyu
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Mru
Lom
Laz
Kui
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Muya
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Deti
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Gazi
Dari
Crow
Boro
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Amba
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Aché
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Santa
Salar
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Erzya
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Choyi
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//Xegwi
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Peco' creole
Patani Malay
OngkorSolon
North Slavey
Nivkh
Ngaatjatjara
Luxemburgian
Languedocian
Kuku Yalanji
KildinSaami
Island Carib
Han
Han
Gumbaynggirr
ForestEnets
EasternMari
Dicamay Agta
Dagur
BarabaTatar
Baga Mboteni
Baga Manduri
Ava-Canoeiro
AkkalaSaami
Acoma-Laguna
WikNgencherr
WesternMansi
TundraNenets
Takahanyilang
Southern Ayta
SouthItalian
Orang Seletar
Northern Alta
North Frisian
Ngaanyatjarra
Minhe Monguor
Manchu
Kairui-Midiki
Jersey French
Franc-Comtois
ForestNenets
EasternMansi
Dagur
Cape Khoekhoe
Adnyamathanha
Yaqui
WesternApache
Ubykh
TundraYukagir
Tewa
Southern Tujia
SouthernMansi
Southern Haida
SouthernAltay
SinkiangDagur
SiberianTatar
RiverGuarijío
Pitjantjatjara
NorthernTujia
NorthernMansi
Northern Haida
NorthernAltay
Nogay
Mt. Iraya Agta
MontanaSalish
Mlahso
Manchu
Kivallirmiutut
Kapingamarangi
Kaiowá Guarani
Kabard-Cherkes
Khorasani Turk
Javindo creole
Hulaula
Gaviãodo Pará
Gallo-Sicilian
ForestYukagir
Even
EasternSlovak
EasternOjibwe
EasternKhanty
DupaninanAgta
Dagur
CypriotArabic
Comox/Sliammon
CentralSelkup
CentralOjibwe
Alabugat Tatar
Aivilingmiutut
Yankunytjatjara
VojvodinaRusyn
UpperKuskokwim
Tamahaq
SouthernSelkup
SouthernPaiute
SouthernKhanty
Scottish Gaelic
Nunavimmiutitut
NorthernSelkup
NorthernKhanty
Nogay
Natsilingmiutut
Ñandeva Guarani
MoliseCroatian
Mlahso
PalenqueCreole
OttawaMicmac
Mapuche
ManchurianÖlöt
Koasati
Karelian
Karaim
Karachay-Balkar
Guugu Yimidhirr
Guernsey French
Griko
Franco-provençal
Embera
EasternAbenaki
EastFranconian
East CapeYupik
Cuna
Cuna
CrimeanTurkish
BanatBulgarian
AnungAnung
Aleut
Aleut
AlderneyFrench
Ainu
Ainu
Ainu
Yiddish
West Greenlandic
Waunana
UbykhShoshoni
Shoshoni
Shoshoni
Sanhajaof Srair
Sak
Sak
Tlingit
O'odhamO'odham
Nivkh
Megleno-Romanian
Kickapoo
KanelaApaniekra
Judezmo
JicarillaApache
KhamniganMongol
Griko
Emilian-Romagnol
East Greenlandic
CsángóHungarian
Cor�otItalkian
Cocopa
Cocopa
Austral dialects
Asturia-Leonese
AlpineProvençal
Tamazight
Tamahaq
SouthernTutchone
SonoraLowerPima
Rigolet Inuktitut
Oneida
Nunatsiavummiutut
Northern Tutchone
North Greenlandic
Ottawa
Kickapoo
Kickapoo
Karelian
Gwich'in
GuaraníBoliviano
Evenki
Even
EasternKamchadal
ChoroteIyojwa'ja
ArvaniteAlbanian
Arapaho
AlghereseCatalan
WesternTarahumara
WesternMontagnais
SouthernKamchadal
Southern EastCree
Rio Grande Keresan
RhenishFranconian
Oneida
Northern EastCree
NorthernAlgonquin
Paci�c GulfYupik
MariupolitanGreekManiwaki
Algonquin ManchurianKirghiz
Karelian
Karelian
Karaim
Evenki
EasternMontagnais
Cheyenne
BuryatBlackfoot
Blackfoot
ArbëreshëAlbanian
Alabat Island Agta
Zenaga
WhiteGelao
WesternNeo-Aramaic
TransylvanianSaxon
TouggourtTamazight
Tamazight
Qikiqtaaluknigiani
Potawatomi
Onondaga
NorthwesternOjibwe
Mohawk
Mohawk
Mohawk
Mohawk
MohawkMohawk
MohaveMohave
Mapuche
Lishana Deni
LishanDidan
Koasati
Kari’ña
KhövsgölUryangkhay
Homshetsma
GreenGelao
Gagauz
CopperIsland Aleut
Choctaw
Buryat
BurgenlandCroatian
Winnebago
Limburgian-Ripuarian
Choctaw
ChihuahuaLower Pima
Central CagayanAgta
Central AsianArabic
Camarines Norte Agta
Assiniboine
Winnebago
Urak Lawoi
Urak Lawoi
SouthwesternTepehuan
Potawatomi Poitevin-Saintongeais
MbyaGuarani
Karaim
Homshetsma
Buryat
Tamazight
Qikiqtaalukuannangani
Potawatomi
NgatikeseMen's Creole
Micmac
Maliseet-Passamaquoddy
LishanidNoshan
Judeo-Berber
Huron-Wyandot
Gagauz
CrimeanTatar
Zenaga
SoutheasternTarahumara
NorthwesternTarahumara
NorthernPaiute
Mbya Guarani
Crimean Tatar
WesternAbenaki
WesternAbenaki
WesternArmenian
Tamazight
Evenki
Evenki
Cherokee
Norfolk-Pitcairn
CappadocianGreek
CappadocianGreek
Norfolk-Pitcairn
Southern Tiwa WesternArmenian
Quechua ofSantiagodel Estero
North AlaskanInupiaq
TunisianJudeo-Arabic
MoroccanJudeo-Arabic
SenecaMunsee
Mbya Guarani
CentralSiberian
Yupik
Barzani JewishNeo-Aramaic
Tlingit
Aleut
North AlaskanInupiaq
Gwich'in
Central AlaskanYupik
Central AlaskanYupik
North AlaskanInupiaq
Assiniboine
UpperTanana
Seward PeninsulaInupiaq
Seward PeninsulaInupiaq
Seward PeninsulaInupiaq
Mescalero-ChiricahuaApache
SewardPeninsulaInupiaq
Menri'
Badaga
Khampti
Bellari
Tangwang
Roshorvi
Che Wong
Tanimbili
Blablanga
Ganggalidda
HuzhuMonguor
Tewa
MountainGuarijío
KanelaRankokamekra
Yaqui
Indian
Ocean
Java Sea
Sulu Sea
South
China
Sea
EastChina
Sea
Seaof
Japan
Seaof
Okhotsk
YellowSea
Gulfof
�ailand
Bay ofBengal
PhilippineSea
Luzon Strait
Taiwan
Strait
AndamanSea
CaspianSea
PersianGulf
Gulf of Oman
RedSea
Gulf of Aden
MozambiqueChannel
Cape of Good Hope
LakeVictoria
BlackSea
BalticSea
NorthSea
BarentsSea
KaraSea
A r c t i c O c e a n
LaptevSea
East SiberianSea
BeringSea
Mediterranean SeaAtlantic
Ocean
Paci�c
Ocean
Paci�c
Ocean
BeringSea
Gulf ofAlaska
BeaufortSea
HudsonBay
Ba�nBay
Gulf of
Mexico
Gulf ofHonduras
Caribbean
Sea
Gulf of
Guinea
LabradorSea
GreenlandSea
ArabianSea
Banda Sea
Solomon Sea
Bismarck Sea
Coral Sea
Tasman Sea
Arafura Sea
Timor Sea
Sumatra
Borneo
Mindanao
Taiwan,China
Luzon
Kyüshü
Shikoku
Nansei Islands
Honshü
Hokkaidö
Aleutian Islands
Aleutian Islands
Sakhalin
Java
Kalimantan
AndamanIslands(India)
Madeira
Canary Islands
Greenland
Baffin IslandVictoria Island
Alaska
Martinique
Falkland Islands
South Georgiaand
the South Sandwich Islands
Guadeloupe
Galápagos
Hawaii
Réunion
Bali
Sulawesi
Timor
Tasmania
IrianJaya
SPAIN
PORTUGAL
MOROCCO
Western
Sahara
ALGERIA
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CAPE VERDE
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GHANA
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EGYPT
TUNISIA MALTA
CYPRUS
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ISRAEL WESTBANK
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ITALY
GREECE
ALBANIABULGARIA
ROMANIASERBIA7
89
1011
12
UKRAINE
BELARUS
LITHUANIA
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FINLAND
SWEDEN
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POLAND
R.F.
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2
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GERMANY
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ICELAND
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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PERU
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URUGUAY
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NETHER.
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NORTHERN IRELAND
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1 BELGIUM2 LUXEMBOURG3 LIECHTENSTEIN4 MONACO5 ANDORRA6 SAN MARINO7 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA8 MONTENEGRO9 HOLY SEE10 SWITZERLAND11 SLOVENIA12 THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
REP. ofMOLDOVA
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LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA
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ZAMBIA
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THE CONGO
MALAWI
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THAILAND
CHINA
MONGOLIA
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
MYANMAR
BHUTAN
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KYRGYZSTANUZBEKISTAN
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OMAN
YEMEN
SAUDI ARABIAUNITED
ARABEMIRATES
QATAR
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SYRIAN ARAB
REPUBLIC
KAZAKHSTAN
AFGHANISTAN
INDIA
LAOP.D.R.
CAMBODIA
VIET NAM
JAPANREPUBLICOF KOREA
DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'SREPUBLIC OF KOREA
UNESCO Map of the World’s
Languages in Danger
UNESCO Map of the World’s
Languages in Danger
The world’s diverse languages allow people to live together and to express their ideas, emotions, knowledge, memories and values.Languages are also essential to the intangible cultural heritage of individuals and groups. Yet, more than 2400 languages of some6700 languages spoken today are in danger of disappearing.
No single factor can be used alone to assess a language’s vitality, but UNESCO experts haveidentified nine that should be considered together (see the “Language Vitality and Endangerment”report of the UNESCO Ad Hoc Expert Group on Endangered Languages, 2003, available online).Contributors followed the methodology presented in that report to assess the vitality of thelanguages displayed here.
Language Endangerment
The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply theexpression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal statusof any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation ofits frontiers or boundaries.
Dotted line represents approximately the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir agreed uponby India and Pakistan. The final status of Jammu and Kashmir has not yet been agreed uponby the parties.
© UNESCO 2009 - Printed February 2009Ordering and other information: http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/
With the support of the Government of Norway
Cartographer: A
lexandre Nicolas
(ww
w.le-cartographe.net)
Editor-in-Chief: Christopher Moseley
This map is based on the 2009 edition of the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, published in print as well asonline (http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages). The Atlas is the result of an international collaboration of morethan thirty linguists from around the world. The digital online edition will be continually enriched by contributions from many otherresearchers and from speakers of endangered languages.
Unsafe De�nitelyendangered
Severelyendangered
Criticallyendangered
Extinct(since the 1950s)
United NationsEducational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization
