Enabling Ultra Low Latency Applications Over Ethernet

Enabling Ultra Low Latency Applications Over Ethernet

Grant Kirkwood

Chief Technology Officer

Mzima Networks

Services are fast becoming packet-basedResidential

Circuit-switched voiceand

broadcast video

Circuit-switched voiceand

broadcast video

Digital broadcastIPTV, VoIP

Internet videogaming



Enterprise

Dedicated connectionsT1/T3, FR, ATM

Digital PBX

Dedicated connectionsT1/T3, FR, ATM

Digital PBX

Ethernet ServicesVirtual circuits

IP PBXVoIP


IP PBXVoIP

Wireless

Voice optimized2G network

Voice optimized2G network

Data optimizedVideo enabled3G/4G/WiMax


Services are stream-based, not packet-based






IP PBXVoIP


IP PBXVoIP



Services are stream-based, not packet-based






IP PBXVoIP


IP PBXVoIP



Voice, video and other services – streams of data

Internet Protocol (IP) relies on small packets, not streams of data

IP Networks designed to carry

“best effort” traffic

Email, web browsing, “instant” messaging….

Applications are not time-sensitive.

Networks designed to carrypacket-based data are now being asked

to carry streaming data

IP Networks designed to carry“best effort” traffic

Email, web browsing, “instant” messaging….

Applications are not time-sensitive.

Networks designed to carrypacket-based data are now being asked

to carry streaming data

Enterprise

Penetration of Ethernet, fiber, collaboration, and interactive video

Increased workforce mobility requiring seamless access

Maturing virtualization, cloud-based applications & telepresence

Consumer

Maturity of multiservice offerings Increased mobile data penetration

and improved ease of use Growing adoption of online video

and Web 2.0 applications

Perceived value has shifted from service provider to application provider

New applications created daily

Applications become more and more sensitive to network conditions

QoS policies are being created to support these technologies

An increasing number of QoS policies are creating challenges for service providers

New applications created daily

Applications become more and more sensitive to network conditions

QoS policies are being created to support these technologies

An increasing number of QoS policies are creating challenges for service providers

But revenue growth is slowing

2004 2006 2008 2010

10%

20%

30%

41%

3%7%

13%13%

-5%-3%-1%4%

Broadband

Wireless

Wireline

**

** Sources: Yankee Group and Pyramid Research

Traffic keeps growing …

66 Tbps

2007

134 Tbps

2011

Consumer

Enterprise

56 Tbps

101 Tbps

33 Tbps

*

* Source: McKinsey & Company

10 Tbps

Service provider realities

How do we deliver

real-time services with carrier-grade

QoS?

How do we deliver

real-time services with carrier-grade

QoS?

QoS Model

Ethernet Performance Metrics

• Packet Loss• Latency• Jitter

• Packet Loss• Latency• Jitter


Packet LossPacket Loss

LatencyLatency

JitterJitter


Different applications are sensitive to different performance metrics

Different applications are sensitive to different performance metrics

Class/Quality of Service

QoS/CoSQoS/CoS

QoS Model

QoS Model

Methods to separatetraffic into different “buckets”

or QoS policies

Methods to separatetraffic into different “buckets”

or QoS policies

QoS Model

“FIFO” is not intelligent ordering

Order by priority

“FIFO” is not intelligent ordering

Order by priority

QoS Model

Drop packets for applications not

sensitive to packet loss

Drop packets for applications not

sensitive to packet loss

Non-stream services

Non-stream services

QoS Model

Size throughput to availability

Limit/buffer traffic that won’t be impacted by policing

Size throughput to availability

Limit/buffer traffic that won’t be impacted by policing

QoS Model

Policing vs Classifying

• Bandwidth policing is “dumb”

• Metering drops packets without discretion

• Congestion causes buffering (on routers)

• Buffering causes latency

• Each application sensitive to specific metrics

• Key is accurate classification

End to end QoS

VoIPVoIP

GoldGold

SilverSilver

Best EffortBest Effort

VoIPVoIPGoldGold

Classification/Policing

SilverSilver

Schedule

VoIPVoIPGoldGoldSilverSilver

Transmit

End to end QoS

• End-to-end QoS requires a technology that exists end-to-end

• Difficult to achieve in multi-vendor, multi-carrier or multi-technology networks

• New technologies are being developed to address this limitation

Mzima Case Study

• Problem: provide true Carrier Ethernet

• Differentiate product from other carriers

• Provide End-to-End QoS

• Carry carrier-grade Services

• Application-level granularity of QoS profiles

• Meet requirements of true Carrier Ethernet

Mzima Case Study

Mzima Case Study

• VLAN bridging or tunneling

• Layer 2 MPLS

• Layer 3 MPLS

• PBB-TE

PBB-TE

• Provider Backbone Bridge – Traffic Engineering

• End-to-End QoS

• Stringent performance metrics

• First Carrier Ethernet protocol not integrated into a layer 3 protocol (MPLS)

PBB-TE BEB

PBB-TE BEB

PBB-TE BCBs

PBB-TE with Y.1731 Performance Management• Performance Management between Tunnel Endpoints

• Provides Service Independent Tunnel Monitoring• Enhanced Scalability as 1,000’s of services may traverse the

tunnel without the need to monitor every service• Leverages 802.1ag frames for reduced overhead

• Multiple packets sent at 100ms interval to perform the test• Frame Delay / Frame Delay Variation / Loss Measurement• 2-way Delay Roundtrip Measurement• 1-way Delay Measurement (requires common time base)• Single Ended Frame-Loss (MEP to MEP)

PRIMARY

BACKUP

Y.1731 Performance Management

PBB-TE Tunnel Performance Management

Management Plane: Y.1731Round trip delay/jitter and single ended frame loss (MEP to MEP)

Non-Service Affecting Utilizes IEEE 802.1ag format frames for test packets Unicast messages to a specific MEP Multiple packets sent at 100ms interval to perform the test Delay, Jitter, and Frame Loss measurements Test results remain until the next test is run or until reboot of switch MIPs do not participate in delay/jitter/frame loss measurements

MEP 10

MEP 12

MEP 11

MIP

MIPMIP

802.1ag CCMs

Thank You

Enabling Ultra Low Latency Applications Over Ethernet

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