empl_041979

Employment and EarningsApril 1979U. S. Department of LaborBureau of Labor Statistics

Vol.26 No. 4

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABORRay Marshall, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSJanet L. Norwood, Acting Commissioner

Employment and Earnings is prepared by theDivision of Industry Employment Statistics and theDivision of Employment and Unemployment Anal-ysis in collaboration with the Division of SpecialPublications. The data are collected by the Bureauof the Census (Department of Commerce), StateEmployment Security Agencies, and State Depart-ments of Labor in cooperation with the Bureau ofLabor Statistics. A brief description of the co-operative statistical programs of the BLS withthese agencies is presented in the ExplanatoryNotes. The State agencies are listed on the insideback cover.

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The Secretary of Labor has determined thatthe publication of this [periodical is necessary inthe transaction of the public business required bylaw of this Department. Use of funds for printingthis periodical has been approved by the Directorof the Office of Management and Budget throughFebruary 28, 1981. Controlled circulation postagepaid at Washington, D .C, and Balt imore, Md.

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Library of Congress Catalog Number 70-11379.

Employment and Earnings (Dept. of Labor Pub)(USPS 081-990)

CALENDAR OF SPECIAL FEATURES

Features

Household data

Annual averages

Revised seasonally adjusted seriesQuarterly averages:

Seasonally adjusted dataPersons not in labor forcePersons of Hispanic originVietnam-Era veterans and

nonveteransPoverty-nonpoverty area dataFamily relationship data

Establishment data

National annual averages:Industry divisions (preliminary)Industry detail (final)

National data adjusted tonew benchmarks

Revised seasonally adjusted seriesState and area annual averages

Area definitions

Jan.

X

X

X

Feb.

x

Mar.

X

Apr.

X

May

x

X

Jul.

X

Oct.

X

(1)(2)

Dec.

The issue that introduces new benchmarks varies. The October 1978 issue marksthe introduction of March 1977 benchmarks and conversion to the 1972 SIC.

Revised data introduced October 1978.


Employment andVol. 26 No. 4 April 1979

Editors: Chester L. Green, Gloria P. Green, MarcWeinstein

CONTENTS Page

List of statistical tables 2Employment and unemployment developments, March 1979 5New statistics on Hispanics and blacks 7Charts 10Statistical tables:

Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data 22

Quarterly averages 61Establishment data:

Employment 75Hours and earnings 107Labor turnover 138

State and area unemployment data 147

Seasonally adjusted seriesHousehold data 46

Quarterly averages 53Establishment data:

Employment 92Hours and earnings 128Productivity 130Labor turnover 143

Explanatory notes 152


.MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATAPage

Employment Status

A- 1 . Employment status of the noninstitutional population. 16 years and over, 1947 to date 22A- 2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over

by sex, 1967 to date 23A- 3. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race 24A- 4. Labor force by sex, age, and race 26A- 5. Employment status of black workers by sex and age 28A- 6. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age 29A- 7. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16-21 years of age

by race and sex 30A- 8. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, and race 31A- 9. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by family relationship 32

Characteristics of the Unemployed

A-10. Unemployed persons by marital status, sex, age, and race 32A-11. Unemployed persons by occupation of last job and sex 33A-12. Unemployed persons by industry of last job and sex 33A-13. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race 34A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age 34A-15. Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, age, and race 35A-16. Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, and reason

for unemployment : 35A-17. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment 36A-18. Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, race, and marital status 36A-19. Unemployed persons by duration, occupation, and industry of last job 37

Characteristics of the Employed

A-20. Employed persons by sex and age 37A-21. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age 38A-22. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and race 39A-23. Employed persons by class of worker, age, and sex 40A-24. Employed persons by industry and occupation 40A-25. Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, pay status, and sex 41A-26. Persons at work by type of industry and hours of work 41A-27. Persons at work 1-34 hours by usual status and reason for working less than 35 hours 42A-28. Nonagricultural workersby industry and full- or part-time status 42A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full- or part-time

status, sex, age, race, and marital status 43A-30. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by full- or part-time status and sex 44

Characteristics of 14 and 15 year-olds

A-31. Employment status of 14-15 year-olds by sex and race . . 45

A-32. Employed 14-15 year-olds by sex, class of worker, and occupation ^ . . . , . . 45

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data

A-33. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex and age,seasonally, adjusted 46

A-34. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force, seasonally adjusted 47A-35. Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted 47A-36. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted 48A-37. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted 48A-38. Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted 49A-39. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted 49A-40. Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted 50A-41. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted 50A-42. Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted 51

Characteristics of Vietnam-Era Veterans and Nonveterans

A-43. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age . . . . 52


QUARTERLY HOUSEHOLD DATA

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment DataA-44. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race,

seasonally adjusted 53A-45. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex and age, seasonally

adjusted 54A-46. Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted 55A-47. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted 56A-48. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted . 57A-49. Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted 57A-50. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted 58A-51. Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted 58A-52. Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally

adjusted 59Persons Not in Labor Force

A-53. Job desire of persons not in labor force by current activity, reasons for not seeking work,sex, and race, seasonally adjusted 60

A-54. Job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work byage and sex 61

A-55. Job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work byage, race, and sex 62

A-56. Persons not in labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs byage, race, sex, and detailed reason 62

A-57. Most recent work experience of persons not in labor force and reason for leavinglast job for those who worked during previous 12 months by age, race, and sex 63

A-58. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in labor force and work history of those whointend to seek work within next 12 months by age, race, and sex 63

Persons of Hispanic Origin

A-59. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, andHispanic origin 64

A-60. Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin bysex and age 65

A-61. Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin 66A-62. Employed persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social

and economic categories 67A-63. Employed persons by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin 68A-64. Rates of unemployment by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin 68A-65. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin 69A-66. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin 69

Vietnam-Era Veterans and Nonveterans Data

A-67. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveteransby age 70

A-68. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans 25 to 39years by age, race,and Hispanic origin 70

Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data

A-69. Employment status of the population in metropolitan-nonmetropolitan areas bysex, age, and race 71

A-70. Employment status of the population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race 72A-71. Unemployment rates for selected labor force groups in poverty and nonpoverty

areas by sex, age, and race 72

Family Relationship Data

A-72. Unemployed persons by family relationship and presence of employed family members 73A-73. Employed persons by family relationship and presence of additional employed family members 74


MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATAPage

EmploymentNational

B- 1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division, 1919 to date 75B- 2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry 76B- 3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry 85B- .4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted 92:B- 5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted ,: 93B- 6. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted . 94B- 7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased 95

EmploymentState and Area

B- 8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas, by industry division , . . . 96

Hours and EarningsNational

C- 1. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on privatenonagricultural payrolls, 1957 to date 1 7

C- 2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on privatenonagricultural payrolls, by industry 106

C- 3. Employment, hours, and indexes of earnings in the Executive Branch of theFederal Government . . . . . . 124

C- 4. Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturingpayrolls, by industry 124

C- 5. Gross and spendable average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisoryworkers on private nonagricultural payrolls, in current and 1967 dollars 125

C- 6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workerson private nonagricultural payrolls 126

C- 7. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on privatenonagricultural payrolls, by industry division and major manufacturinggroup, seasonally adjusted 128

C- 8. i Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on privatenonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group,seasonally adjusted 129

C- 9. Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production ornonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted 130

C-10. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division 130C-11. Indexes of output and compensation per hour, unit costs, and prices, private business

sector, seasonally adjusted 131C-12. Percent changes from preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,

unit costs, and prices, private business sector, seasonally acjusted, at annual rate 132Hours and EarningsState and Area

C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by

State and selected areas 133

Labor TurnoverNational

D- 1. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1969 to date 138D- 2. Labor turnover rates, by industry 139

D- 3. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1969 to date, seasonally adjusted 143

Labor TurnoverState and Area

D- 4. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas . . 144

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATAE- 1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas 147


Employment and UnemploymentDevelopments, March 1979

Employment continued to grow in March and unem-ployment was unchanged. The Nation's overall unemploy-ment rate was 5.7 percent; it has been in the 5.7 to 5.9percent range for the past 8 months.

Total employmentas measured by the monthly sur-vey of householdsrose by about 200,000 in March to96.8 million. Over the past year, total employment hasgrown by 3.5 million.

Nonfarm payroll employmentas measured by themonthly survey of establishmentsrose by 325,000 overthe month to 88.2 million. Nonfarm payroll jobs haveadvanced by 3.3 million since March 1978.

UnemploymentBoth the number of unemployed, 5.9 million, and the

unemployment rate, 5.7 percent, remained at or near thelevels which have been in evidence since August 1978.Consistent with the overall rate, there was little or noover-the-month change in the jobless rates for adultmen (4.0 percent), adult women (6.7 percent), or teen-agers (15.5 percent), nor have there been any signifi-cant movements in these rates since last August.

Since March of last year, the number of jobless personshas declined by more than 300,000, and the unemploymentrate has fallen by one-half of a percentage point. Over theyear, the jobless rate for whites declined by one-half pointto 5.0 percent, while the rate for blacks fell by 1.2 pointsto 11.2 percent. (See tables A-33 and A-36.)

Total employment and the labor forceTotal employment increased by nearly 200,000 in

March, after registering strong gains in both January(450,000) and February (345,000). The employment-population ratio was unchanged at February's record levelof 59.4 percent. Most of the February-to-March increaseoccurred among adult women. Since March 1978, employ-ment has risen by 3.5 million; adult women have accountedfor half of this gain. (See tables A-33 and A-42.)

The civilian labor force grew by 190,000 over the monthto 102.7 million, 3.2 million higher than in March 1978. At63.9 percent, the civilian labor force participation rate wasunchanged from February but was one full percentagepoint above its year-ago level.

Discouraged workersDiscouraged workers are persons who report that they

want work but are not looking for a job because they be-lieve they cannot find one. Because they do not meet thelabor market testthat is, they are not engaged in activejob searchthey are classified as not in the labor forcerather than unemployed. These data are published on aquarterly basis. The number of discouraged workers edgeddown to 725,000 during the first quarter of 1979. (Seetable A-53.) The discouraged worker level has declined by350,000 since mid-1977 to its lowest level since the thirdquarter of 1974.

Industry payroll employmentNonfarm payroll employment advanced by 325,000 over

the month to 88.2 million. Job gains occurred in 56 percentof the 172 industries that comprise the BLS diffusion indexof private nonagricultural employment. Since last March,jobs increased by 3.3 million, or 4.0 percent. (See tablesB-4 and B-7.)

In the goods-producing sector, over-the-month increasesoccurred in both manufacturing and construction. A gainof 70,000 in manufacturing was concentrated in electricaland electronic equipment, transportation equipment, andmachinery. The construction advance, also about 70,000,followed 2 months of little or no employment growthwhich was probably associated with the unusually badwinter weather. Since March 1978, construction anddurable goods manufacturing have had the biggest employ-ment gains in the goods-producing sector.

The over-the-month growth in service-producing jobswas led by wholesale and retail trade, which advanced byabout 90,000 and accounted for nearly half of the sector'sincrease. All of the other major service-producing sectordivisions had job increases, although growth was relativelyslow in services and government. Since March 1978, tradehas accounted for the largest share of the sector's employ-ment growth.

HoursThe average workweek of production or nonsupervisory

workers on private nonagricultural payrolls was 35.9 hoursin March, up 0.1 hour from the February level. The manu-facturing workweek also edged up 0.1 hour, after register-ing 40.7 hours for 4 months. Factory overtime was 3.8hours for the fourth consecutive month. (See table C-7.)

Reflecting the over-the-month increase in both employ-ment and the average workweek, the index of aggregate


weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on percent from February and were 9.0 percent above theprivate nonfarm payrolls rose 0.8 percent to 124.3 (1967- March 1978 level (seasonally adjusted). Average weekly100). The index was 4.4 percent above its year-ago level, earnings were up 1.1 percent over the month and have risen(See table C-8.) 8.7 percent from the year-earlier level.

Before adjustment for seasonally, average hourly earn-ings rose 3 cents to $6.02, 50 cents above March 1978.

Hourly and weekly earnings Average weekly earnings were $214.31, $2.26 aboveAverage hourly earnings of production or nonsupervi- February and $16.69 higher than a year earlier. (See

sory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose 0.8 table C-1 and C-9.)

6


New Statistics on Hispanicsand Blacks* Morris J. Newman

This issue of Employment and Earnings introduces threenew tables presenting 1978 annual average data on HispanicAmericans. Publication of these figures is part of an overallexpansion in the Bureau's Hispanic data program under-taken partly in response to Public Law 94-311, which man-dated improvements in the collection, analysis, and pub-lication of Hispanic labor force data.1 Appearing for thefirst time are data on the occupations and industries of theemployed, and on the status of persons outside the laborforce, incuding information on the number of discouragedworkers. Data for blacks (only) are also shown for the firsttime in these tables. Beginning with 1979 data, annualaverage data comparable to those introduced in tables 1through 3 will appear in subsequent January issues of thispublication.

Data from table 1 show that a lower percentage of bothHispanics and blacks were employed in the two highestpaid job categories, professional and technical workers,and managers and administrators, than among total em-ployed. Conversely, both minorities were overrepresentedin operative, laborer, service, and farm jobs. These fourgroupings are among the lowest paid occupations.2 BothHispanics and blacks were distributed fairly proportionallyamong the major industry groups in 1978. (See table 2.)

Blacks, and to a lesser extent Hispanics, were morelikely than whites3 to have been "discouraged workers"

in 1978 ("think cannot get job" category in table 3).Although blacks constituted 11 percent of the number ofpersons outside the labor force in 1978, the 248,000 blackdiscouraged workers represented 29 percent of the totaldiscouraged. Some 5 percent of the total not in the laborforce but about 7 percent (56,000) of all discouragedworkers were Hispanic. As with whites, most of the blackand Hispanic discouraged workers were women.

* Morris J. Newman is an economist in the Division ofEmployment and Unemployment Analysis, Office of Current Em-ployment Analysis, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

1 Previous expansions in regular publication of quarterly data

on Hispanic persons occurred in the April and July 1978 issues ofthis publication. Two major Hispanic analyses were also released in1978: Workers of Spanish Origin: A Chartbook, published in bothEnglish (BLS Bulletin 1970) and Spanish (BLS Bulletin 1971)versions; and, a December 1978 Monthly Labor Review articleentitled "A profile of Hispanics in the U.S. workforce," whichanalyzed in detail the employment status of the Nation's Mexican,Puerto Rican, Cuban, and other Hispanic population. Several otherrecent BLS articles and reports also provide information on Hispanicworkers.

See, "Survey Shows Weekly and Hourly Earnings for MajorGroups of Workers," USDL Press Release 78-842, October 12,1978.

3 Data for whites appeared on page 187 of the January 1979

issue of this publication.


HOUSEHOLD DATAANNUALAVERAGES

Table 1. Employed Hispanic and black workers by occupation(In thousands)

Occupation

1978

TotalEmploy*

Percent off total

Hispanic Black

1078

Totalmploy*

Psrcant of total

Hispanic Black

Total, 16 years and over

White-collar workersProfessional and technical

Health workersTeachers, except collegeOther professional and technical

Managers and administrators, except farmSalaried workersSelf-employed workers in retail tradeSelf-employed workers, except retail trade .

Sales workersRetail tradeOther industries

Clerical workersStenographers, typists, and secretariesOther clerical workers

Blue-collar workersCraft and kindred workers

CarpentersConstruction craft, except carpentersMechanics and repairersMetal craftBlue-collar worker supervisors, not elsewhereclassified

94,373

47,20614,2462,6062,9928.648

10,1068,277

896933

5,9613.1722.779

16,9044,729

12,175

31,53112,386

1,2532,5083,3351,213

1.671

4.6

3.02.32.02.22.4

2.52.34.02.9

2.93.71.9

3.93.54.1

6.54.74.85.04.84.2

9.5

6.36.37.18.65.2

3.73.73.73.3

3.84.33.2

as7.29.5

1Z46.44.37.96.35.9

6.1

Slue-collar workersContinuedAll other 2,404

Operatives, except transportDurable goods manufacturing . . .Nondurable goods manufacturingOther industries

Transport equipment operatives .Drivers, motor vehiclesAll other

Nonfarm laborers . .Construction . . .Manufacturing . .Other industries .

Service workersPrivate household WorkersService workers, except private household ,

Food service workers ,Protective service workersAll other

Farm workersFarmers and farm managers . .Farm laborers and supervisors

Paid workersUnpaid family workers . . .

4.8 6.4

10,8754,9093,4792,487

3,5413,011

530

4,729895

1,1062.728

12,8391,162

1L6774,2831,3586,036

2,7961,4801,3181,019

299

8.58.0

10.07.4

5.04.95.7

7.58.47.27,2

6,75.95.76.03.26.1

6.40.5

13.116.70.7

13.212.614.911.7

13.913.218.1

16.217.319.414.5

17.531.816J10.412.520.9

7.42.4

13.016.22.0

Table 2. Employed Hispanic and black workers by Industry(In thousands)

1978

TotalPercent of total

Total

1978

Percent of total

Hispanic Black

Total, 16 years and over

AgricultureMiningConstructionManufacturing

Durable goodsLumber and wood productsFurniture and fixturesStone, clay, and glass productsPrimary metal industriesFabricated metal productsMachinery, except electrical equipmentElectrical equipmentTransportation equipment

AutomobilesOther transportation equipment . . .

Instruments and related products . . . .Other durable goods industries

Nondurable goodsFood and kindred productsTextile mill productsApparel and other textile products . . .Paper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsRubber and plastics products

94,373 4.6

3.342828

6,04321,49712,821

724554679

1,2201,4442.4852,1442,2301,247

983560781

8,6761,874

8711,285

7061,4291,189

706

6.63.54.95.85.34.69.05.95.67.73.75.23.83.04.74.3as6.47.93.0

13.55.13.53.46.1

7.32.87.19.89.4

16.37.8

12.113.98.35.07.9

12.714.610.45.58.2

10.410.916.512.59.55.5

10.17.6

Nondurable goodsContinuedOther nondurable goods industries

Transportation and public utilitiesRailroads and railway expressOther transportationCommunications and other public utilities

Wholesale and retail tradeWholesale tradeRetail trade

inance, insurance, and real estate

Service industries . T V . . V.Private householdOther service industries

Business repair servicesPersonal servicesEntertainment and recreation services . . .Professional services

Medical, except hospitalHospitalsWelfare and religionEducationOther

Forestry and fisheries

Public administration

616 6.7 11.4

6,162582

2,9672.614

19,2533,616

15,636

5,40625821

1,39625,425

3,4902,4301,018

18,3272,9333,7811,5257,6262,464

159

4.23.44.73.8

4.44.24.5

3.34.16.04.05.65.94.23.43.44.04.13.32.42.5

11.010.111.610.5

6.25.76.4

7.611.829.910.89.0

13.06.7

11.29.7

16.215.310.83.93.8

5,020 3.8 13.4

8


HOUSEHOLD DATAANNUAL AVERAGES

Table 3. Job desire of Hispanic and black workers not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work by age and sex(In ItiouMnch)

Reasons fo r not seeking workTotal

Age in years

16-24 26-59 60 and over

Sex

1978

HISPANIC ORIGIN

Total not In labor force

Do not want a job nowCurrent activity:

Going to schoolIll, disabledKeeping houseRetiredOther

WantajobnowReason not looking:

School attendanceIll health, disabilityHome responsibilities1Think cannot get jobOther reasons

BLACK

Total not in labor force

Do not want a job nowCurrent activity:

Going to schoolIll, disabledKeeping houseRetiredOther

Want a job nowReason not looking:

School attendanceIll health, disabilityHome responsibilities1Think cannot get jobOther reasons

2,838

2,473

400216

1,458214186

365

9841

1075663

6,430

5,226

966781

2,216730533

1,203

337207251248160

878

697

35514

250

78

179876

382226

2,028

M36

1,377

1,203

42126940

392

172

1228712833

2.348

1,832

89637270-

232

595

307221029866

69408

1,09510252

513

3014214712173

583

275

26521115

2,053

1,959

133785272049

97

63017

687

584

2,151

2001147

162101

103

4816_

1920

2,131

1,738

47139643529299

393

15787_

9455

199103

1,4515284

262

51251073643

4,299

3,488

495386

2,173201233

811

180120251155105

1 Small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsibilities"

included in "other reasons."


CHARTS

1. Labor force and employment, 1960-79

2. Major unemployment indicators, 1960-793. Civilian labor force participation rates by sex and age, 1960-79

4. Total employment by sex and age, 1960-79

5. Employment-population ratios by sex and age, 1960-79

6. Payroll employment in goods-and service-producing industries, 1960-79

7. Nonagricultural payroll employment by industry, 1960-79

8. Persons at work full and part time in nonagricultural industries, 1960-79

9. Employment in nonfarm occupations, 1960-79

10. Unemployment rates by sex and age, 1960-79

11. Unemployment rates by race, 1960-79

12. Unemployment rates by major occupational groups, 1960-79.13. Duration of unemployment, 1960-79

14. Average weekly hours in nonagricultural industries, 1960-79

15. Average weekly earnings in nonagricultural industries, 1960-79

16. Total private gross and spendable weekly earnings, 1960-79

17. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1960-79

Page

10

11

11

12

13

13

14

15

16

17

17

18

19

20

20

21

21

THOUSANDS110000

105000

100000

95000

90000

85000

80000

75000

70000

65000

60000

Chart 1. Labor force and employment(Seasonally adjusted)

/"Civilian labor force ^

Total employment

r y

yyy

To1

/

allabr fore

'yy

e \ y

yy

yyy !^

^Nor lagrici

y

Itural

r" /

emplc>ymen

r

'

\

A

VVW\V

r

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

SOURCE: Table A 36.

PERCENT10.0

7.5

5.0

2.5

0.0

18


RATIO SCALE-THOUSANDS

10200

7700

5200

2700

Chart 13. Duration of unemployment

(Seasonally adjusted)

Number of workers unemployed

2 0 0 l i H l n i l M i

Less than 5 weeks

Total

5 to 14 weeksr'V/vJ

I I I I I I I I t I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

RATIO SCALE-THOUSANDS10200

7700

5200

2700

PERCENT10.0

7.5

5.0

2.5

0.0

WEEKS20.0

17.5

15.0

12.5

10.0

7.5

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

Percent of civilian labor force

lJ 200

15 week s andI I I

AV

over

\

Total jnem Dloyec

Less than 5 weeks

5 to 14 weeks

V

/ /

AJl

1

/ / ******I960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

Average duration of unemployment

5.0 I l l l l I I I I I I I l l l I I I I I I I I I I I M

v

PERCENT10.0

7.5

5.0

2.5

0.0

WEEKS20.0

17.5

15.0

12.5

10.0

7.5

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

SOURCE: Table A-37.

5.0

19


Chart 14. Average weekly hours in nonagricultural industries(Seasonally adjusted)

HOURS43.0

40.0

37.0

34.0

HOURS5.0

2.5

V

J\/

%

T< tal pr

.A

V

vate i

1 1Manufacturing

istablishme its1I \v /

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

HOURS43.0

40.0

37.0

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

Overtime hours in manufacturing

y

- >

r

1 1 1 1 1 1

-

1 1 1 1

HOURS5.0

2.5

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1968 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 19791 Annual averages prior to 1964.

NOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary. SOURCE: Table C-7.

Chart 15. Average weekly earnings in nonagricultural industries(Seasonally adjusted)

DOLLARS300.00

275.00

250.00

225.00

200.00

175.00

150.00

125.00

100.00

75.001 2

^>,^

Ma

- " -

lufad

Chart 16. Total private gross and spendable weekly earnings(Seasonally adjusted)

DOLLARS250.00

225.00

200.00

175.00

150.00

125.00

100.00

75.00

n 1967 dollars

Gross earnings in current dollars

I Spendable earnings.' in current dollars

Spendable earnings in 1967 dollars1

DOLLARS250.00

225.00

200.00

175.00

150.00

125.00

100.00

75.00

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 19791 Married work* with three dependents.

NOTE: Data prior to 1964 are annual averages. Data for current month are preliminary. SOURCE: Table C 9

Chart 17. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing(Seasonally adjusted)

PER 100EMPLOYEES

7.5

5.0

2.5

0.0

PER 100EMPLOYEES

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

.. .'

Acce

>

ssions

r w ^

KN\

NevN hire5

r-/

wf

PER 100EMPLOYEES

7.5

5.0

2.5

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

0.0

1

1

\

l

to'V

j

LAA,^ Layoff

\ /V5

\

V \

1

^^ "

ItI

1t

t

IP1V*^"^A

PER 100EMPLOYEES

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

NOTE: Data for currant month are preliminary. SOURCE: Table D 3.

0.0

21


HOUSEHOLD DATAHISTORICAL

A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1947 to date[Numbers in thousands]

Year and month

Total labor force

Percentof

popula-

Chilian labor faaw

Nonagri-

Annual avaragas

TOTAL

19471948194919501951

19521953 *195419551956

1957195819591960 11961

1962 '1963196419651966

19671968196919701971

1972 *1973 *197419751976

197719781

J

1978:

Harch .* . .A p r i l . . . .MayJ u n e . . . .J u l y . . . .August..SeptemberOctober. .November.December.

1979:

January.February.Harch. . . .

103,418104,527105,611106,645107,721

108,823110,601111,671112,732113,811

115,065116,363117,881119,759121,343

122,981125,154127,224129,236131,180

133,319135., 56 2137,841140,182142,596

145,775148,263150,827153,449156,048

158,559161,058

160,313160,504160,713160,928161,148161,348161,57 0161,829162,033162,250

162,448162,633162,909

60,94162,08062,90363,85865,117

65,73066,56066,99368,07269,409

69,72970,27570,92172,14273,031

73,44274,57175,83077,17878,893

80,79382,27284,24085,90386,929

88,99^191,04093,24094,79396,917

99,534102,537

58.959.459.659.960.4

60.460.260.060.461.0

60.660.460.260.260.2

59.759.659.659.760.1

60.660.761.161.361.0

61.061.461-861.862.1

62.863.7

59,35060,62161,2866 2,20862,017

62,13863,01563,64365,02366,552

66,92967,63968,36969,62870,459

70,61471,83373,09174,45575,770

77,34778,73780,73482,71584,113

86,54288,7 1491,01192,61394,773

97,401100,420

57,03858,34357,65158,91859,961

60,25061,17960,10962,17063,799

64,07163,03664,63065,77865,746

66,70267,76269,30571,08872,895

74,37275,92077,90278,62779,120

81,70284,40985,93584,78387,485

90,54694,373

7,8907,6297,6587,1606,726

6,5006,2606,2056,4506,283

5,9475,5865,5655,4585,200

4,9444,6874,5234,3613,979

3,8443,8173,6063,4623,387

3,4723,4523,4923,3803,297

3,2443,342

49,14850,71449,99351,75853,235

53,74954,91953,90455,72257,514

58,12357,45059,C6560,31860,546

61,75963,07664,78266,72668,915

70,52772,10374,29675,16575,732

78,23080,95782,44381,40384,188

87,30291,031

2,3112,2763,6373,2882,055

1,8831,8343,5322,8522,750

2,8594,6023,7403,8524,714

3,9114,0703,7863,3662,875

2,9752,8172,8324,0884,993

4,8404,3045,0767,8307,288

6,8556,047

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3

101,557101,885102,222102,602102,738102,785103,097103,199103,745103,97 5

104,277104,621104,804

63.363.563.663.863.863.763.863.864.064.1

64.264.364.3

99,43599,767

100,109100,504100,622100,663100,974101,077101,628101,867

102,183102,527102,714

93,28293,70493,95394,64094,44694,72395,01095,24195,75195,855

9 6,30096,64796,842

3,3343,2743,2433,4243,3773,3513,4063,3743,2753,387

3,2323,3113,343

89,94890,43090,71091,21691,06991,37291,60491,86792,47692,468

93,06893,33593,499

6,1536,0636,1565,8646,1765,9405,9645,8365,8776,012

5,8835,8815,871

3.93,85.95.33.3

3.02.95.54.44. 1

4.36.85.55.56.7

5.55.75.24.53.8

3.83.63.54.S5.9

5.64.95.68.57.7

7.06.0

6.26.16.15.86.15.95.95.85.85.9

5.85.75.7

42,47742,44742,70842,78742,604

43,09344,04144,67844,66044,402

45,33646,08846,96047,61748,312

49,53950,58351,39452,05852,288

52,52753,29153,60254,28055,666

56,78557,22257,58758,65559,130

59,02558,521

58,75558,61958,49258,32658,41058,56358,47358,63058,28858,275

58,17058,01258,105

Not strictly comparable with data for prior years. For an explanation, see "HistoricComparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.

3 Because seasonality. by definition, does not exist in population figures, data for

"total noninstitutional population" are not seasonally adjusted.

22


HOUSEHOLD DATAHISTORICAL

A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1967 to date[Numbers in thousands]

Year, month, and sex

MALES

196719681969197019711972 11973 1197419751976197719781

1978:

MarchApri lflay

JulyAugust...SeptemberOctober..November.December.

1979:

January..February.March . . . .

FEMALES

196719681969197019711972119731197419751976 11977 /1978"1,

1 9 7 8 :

M a r c h . . . .Apr i lM a y . . . . . .

JulyAugust...SeptemberOctober..

1979i

Januar y . .February.March . . . .

Totalnoninsti-tutionalpopula-

tion

Total labor force

NumberPercent

ofpopula-

tion

Civilian labor force

Total

Employed

TotalAgr,

cuttur.

Nonagri-culturalindustries

Unemployed

Number

Percentof

fort*

Not inlaborforce

Annual averages

64,31665,34566,36567,40968,51269,86471,02072,25373,49474,73975,98177,169

52,39853,03053,68854,34354,79755,67156,47957,34957,70658,39759,46760,535

81.581.280.980.680.079.779.579.478.578.178.378.4

48,98749,53350,22151,19552,02153,26554,20355,18655,61556,35957,44958,542

47,47948,11448,81848,96049,24550,63051,96352,51851,23052,39153,86155,491

3,1643,1572,9632,8612,7902,8392,8332,9002,8012,7162,6392,681

44,31544,95745,85546,09946,45547,79149,13049,61848,42949,67551,22252,810

1 , 5 0 81 , 4 1 91 , 4 0 32,2352,7762,6352,2402,6664,3853,9683,5883,051

3 . 12 . 92 . 84 . 45 . 34 . 94 . 14 . 87 . 97.06.25.2

1 1 , 9 1 912,31512,67713,06613,71514,19314,54114,90415,78816,34116,51416,634

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

76,81176,90177,00077,10277,20677,30177,40777,54677,64377,746

77,83977,92678,058

60,27860,27760,39660,55560,49260,51060,55260,71761,00661,09 5

61,43861,50161,515

78.578.478.478.578.478.378.278.378.678.6

78.978.978.8

58,27758,28058,40458,58258,50258,51758,55958,72559,01959,116

59,47559,53859,560

55,04255,18455,37255,76655,53155,58055,59455,75456,09656,072

56,44956,54956,559

2,6412,5982,6362,7452,7182,6952,7392,7072,6142,702

2,5962,6492,656

52,40152,58652,73653,02152,61352,88552,85553,04753,48253,370

53,85453,90053,903

3,2353,0963,0322,8162,9712,9372,9652,9712,9233,044

3,0262,9893,001

5.65.35.24.85.15-05.15.15.05.1

5.15.05.0

16,53316,62416,60416,54616,71516,79216,85516,82916,63616,651

16,40116,42516,543

Annual averages

69,00370,21771,47672,77474,08475,91177,24278,57579,95481,30982,57783,890

28,39529,24230,55131,56032,13233,32034,56135,89237,08738,52040,06742,002

41.241.642.743.443.443.944.745.746.447.448.550.1

28,36029,20430,51331,52032,09133,27734,51035,8 2536,99838,41439,95241,878

26,89327,80729,08429,66729,87531,07232,44633,41733,55335,09536,68538,882

6806606436015986336 19592579582605661

26,21227,14728,44129,06629,27730,43931,82732,82532,97334,51336,08038,221

1,4681,3971,4291,8532,2172,2052,0642,4083,4453,3203,2672,996

5.24.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA

A-3. Employment status of tha noninstitutional population by sax. aga. and raco

Sex, age. and race

MALES

16 years and over16 to 21 years16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years18 to 19 years

20 to 64 years20 to 24 years25 to 54 years

25 to 29 years30 to 34 years35 to 39 years40 to 44 years45 to 49 years50 to 54 years


65 years and over65 to 69 years70 years and over

White



20 to 64 years20to 24 years25 to 54 years



65 years and over

Black and othar

16 ycoTs &od over16 to 21 years16 to 19 years





65 years and over

March 1979

Tobjt tabor force

Number

60,6388,3714,9611,9732,987

153,771

8,75137,8848,5007,6916,2825,2555,1015,055

7,1364,3682,769

1,9061,123

7 8 3

53,8887,3074,3871,7812,606

47,7767,558

33,69514,32610,2739,096

6,5233,9922,5311,726

6,7501,064

5741923 8 2

5,9961,1934,1901,8651,2641,060

613375238180

Peroantof

population

77.765.758.747.170.289.585.694.594.596.196.795.293.890.073.281.762.819.929.713.6

78.467.561.350.471.990.185.995.295.996.692.674.082.863.320.0

72.755.844.529.360.485.183.689.490.291.585.765.771.258.619.0

Civilian tabor foroa

Total

58,6837,7154,6791,9612,718

52,0988,003

36,9598,1357,4466,0905,1695,0715,049

7,1354,3672,768

1,9061,123

7 8 3

52,3376,8004,1691,7712,398

46,4426,983

32,93813,83510,0399,064

6,5223,9912,5311,726

6,3469 1 55 1 01913 1 9

5,6561,0214,0221,7471,2191,056

6133 7 5238m

Employed

55,3476,5693,8611,5322,329

49,6697,231

35,5237,6457,1595,9035,0194,9174,881

6,9144,2412,673

1,8181,052

7 6 6

49,7415,9 173,5201,4242,096

44,5706,425

31,80213,2399,7668,797

6,3433,8902,4531,651

5,6076 5 23 4 11082 3 3

5,0998 0 6

3,7211,5651,1551,001

5 7 23 5 1221t#7

Unemployed

Number

3,3361, 146

8 1 84 2 93 8 9

2,430773

1,437490287187150155168

221126

9 5

8 87 017

2,5978 8 36 4 93473 0 3

1,8735 5 8

1,1365962 7 3267

1 8 0101

7874

7 3 92 6 3169

8386

5582 1 53 0 2182

6455

41241713

Percentof

taborforoa

5.714.817.521.914.3

4 . 79 . 73 . 96 . 03 . 93 . 12 . 93 . 13 . 3

3 . 12 . 93 . 4

4 . 66 . 32 . 2

5 . 013.015.619.612.6

4 . 08 . 03 . 44 . 32 . 72 . 9

2 . 82 . 53. 14 . 3

11.628.733.143.327.0

9 . 921.0

7 . 510.4

5.35 .2

6 .76.57 . 17 .4

Not in tabor forsa

Totol

17,4204 3653^4852,2161,2706,2831,4762,190

4 9 43162142 6 43395 6 3

2,617980

1,637

7,6512,6624,989

14,8833,5212,7701,7511,019

5,2311,2411,693

6 0 63 6 07 2 6

2,298828

1,4696,882

2,5378 4 4715'4 6 52 5 0

1,051235497204118176

320152168770

KaopiNghouee

314j 510

92

1 4 5148 611

812132 32 0

4 5162 9

1594 0

1 1 9

24 09752

1069

6 6181632

3 19

22127

74633

395

2019

11

1477

32

Got*to

tcbool

4,5483 7823^0942,0451,0491,4501,108

337218

612 01816

4

633

523

3V7083,0732,464'1,612

8 5 1

1,2409682 6 7224

2 617

6335

84C7 0 96 3 04 3 3197

2 1 0140

7 05512

3

Unableto

work

1,9169 o

963

1,37844

6 7 953787997

117254

6 5 43 3 43 2 0

5292 3 42 9 5

1,52914

761

1,0853 1

5 2 796

1382 9 3

5272672594 3 7

38782

2

29313

15236387 8

128676 192

Othar

10,6415463 7 2156216

3,3103 1 0

1,0882 1 21691041351832 8 6

1,9126 2 7

1,285

6,9592,3874,572

9,4064 2 62 9 2127165

2,8012 3 43 3 32 6 81803 8 4

1,734549

1,1856,313

1,236121

8 02951

5 0 976

255112

5885

17878

100646

24


HOUSEHOLD DATAA-3. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sax. age, and raceContinued

[Numbers in thousands]

flarch 1979

Total tabor form Not in labor fora*

FEMALES


16 to 17 years . . .18 to 19 years . . .

20 to 64 years20 to 24 years . . . .25 to 54 years . . . .

25 to 29 years . .30 to 34 years . .35 to 39 years . .40 to 44 years . .45 to 49 years . . .50 to 54 years . .

55 to 64 years . . . .55 to 59 years . .60 to 64 years . .

65 years and over . . . .65 to 69 years . . . .70 years and over . .

16 years and over .. .16 to 21 years . . .16to 19years . . .


20 to 64 years20 to 24 years . . .25 to 54 years . . .

25 to 34 years .35 to 44 years .45 to 54 years .

55 to 64 years . . .55 to 59 years .60 to 64 years .

65 years and over . . .

1 6 t o 2 1 y t a r s16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years .18 to 19 years

20 to 64 years2 0 t o 24 years . .25to54years . .

26 to 34 years38 to 44 ytars45 toS4yta rs

55 to 64 years ..55 to 59 years60 to 64 years

66 years and over ..

43,1187,0204,2151#7112,504

37,7197,042

26,0226,0365,0114,3423,7213,4803,431

4,6552,9091,747

1,183753430

37,3266,2203,7861,5602,226

32,5166,063

22,3019,3696,8986,034

4,1522,5841,5681,023

5,792800429151278

5,203979

3,7211,6781,165

877

503325178160

50.856.351.042.259.5

59.969.062.265.961.063.563.760.756.6

42.749.534.8

8.715.94.8

50.559.254.545.962.7

59.570.161.662.962.958.3

42.449.134.68.3

53.140.832.723.142.2

62.662.465.967.668.060.6

45.753.036.512.5

42,9826,9674,1931,7112,482

37,6076,973

25,9786,0065,0034,3393,7203,4793,431

4,6552,9091,71*7

1,183753430

37,2206,1783,7691,5602,209

32,4296,009

22,2679,3396,8956,033

4,1522,5841,5681,023

5,762788424151273

5,178964

3,7111,6691,165

877

503325178160

40,1536,0433,5611,4012,160

35,4596,309

24,6565,5954,7334,1373,5613,3453,285

4,4932,7981,696

1,1337 09424

35,0305,4703,2651,3061,958

30,7765,540

21,2258,8316,6025,792

4,0112,4911,520

989

5,12457329795

202

4,683769

3,4321,4971,097

838

482306176144

2,829923631309322

2,147664

1,322411270202159135146

16211151

50446

2,1917 08504253251

1,652469

1,0435 08293241

141924935

6382151275671

4951952791736839

2119215

6.613.315.118.113.0

5.79.55.16.85.44.64.33.94.2

3.53.82.9

4.25.81.5

5.911.513.416.211.3

5.17.84.75.44.24.0

3.43.63.13.4

11.127.330.037. 126. 1

9.620.27.5

10.35.84.4

4.25.91.19.6

41,7335,4564,0472,3451,702

25,2383,169

15,8283, 1243,2032,4922,1222,2582,629

6,2412,9703,271

12,4483,9758,473

36,6234,2953,1631,8411,322

22,1282,581

13,9055,5234,0664,316

5,6422,6812,961

11,332

5,1111,161

884505380

3,112589

1,923804549571

599289311

1, 115

31,6211,271

568141427

21,6602,010

14,2992,7882,9202,2731,9372,0492,332

5,3512,5742,777

9,3933,1876,206

28,32099743 0104326

19,2111,657

12,6865,0363,7303,920

4,8682,3472,5218,679

3,30127413837101

2,449353

1,613672480461

483227256714

4,4133,7073,1762,0841,092

1,2308184041681047527264

44

3,5112,94S2,5161,649

867

98965S3212088528

902758660436224

2411598264172

1,2673521515

58131

3082439354357110

242122120

685143542

983231239

43927

2234662115

1899297

532

30312936

1424

84171751

533023153

4,413443282115168

1,768311818143141110114126183

640270370

2,363641

1,722

3,80932620686120

1,489238674233189252

576238338

2,115

604117772948

27973143523557

643232

248

25


HOUSEHOLD DATA

A-4. Labor force by sex, age, and race

Sax, age, and race

MALES

16 years and over16 to 19 years





65 years and over

White






65 years and over

Black and other






65 years and over

Total labor foroe

Thousands of parsons

Har.1978

59,4704,9171,9532,965

8,57337,06815,72811,15210,188

7,0554,3752,6801,857

52,9404,3561,7692,587

7,46333,00313,9299,9249,150

6,44 43,9952,4501,674

6,5315 6 21843 7 8

1,1104,0651,7991,2281,038

6 1 13 8 02 3 1183

Har.1979

60,6384,9611#9732,987

8,75137,88416,19111,53710,156

7,1364,3682,7691,906

53,8884,3871,7812,606

7,55833,69514,32610,2739,096

6,5233,9922,5311,726

6,7505741923 8 2

1,1934,1901,8651,2641,06 0

6 1 33 7 5238180

PvUopttiofi ratts

Har.1978

77.458.046.069.9

85.194.395.295.791.3

73.483.061.819.9

78.160.449.371.5

85.994.995.896.392.1

74.184.062. 119.9

72.444.028. 160.6

80.489.791.491.485.1

67.273.958.519.8

Har.1979

77.758.747 170.2

85.694.595.296.091.8

73.281.762.819.9

78.461.350.471.9

85.995.295.996.692.6

74.082.863.320.0

72.744.529.360.4

83.689.490.291.585.7

65.771.258.619.0

Civilian I


Har.1978

57,4704,5991,9342,665

7,83136,12915,11010,86910,149

7,0544,3732,6801,857

51,3204,1021,7532,350

6,87932,22213,4229,6859,116

6,4433,9942,4491,674

6,149497181316

9 5 23,9071,6891,1841,034

6 1 13802 3 1183

H a r .1979

58,6834,6791,9612,718

8,00336,95915,58111,25910,120

7,1354,3672,7681,906

52,3374,1691,7712,398

6,98332,93813,83510,039

9,064

6,5223,9912,5311,726

6,346510191319

1,0214,0221,7471,2191,056

6 1 33 7 523d180

abor force

Participat

Har.1978

76.856.345.867.6

83 . .9S4.195 .195.691.3

73.483.061.819.9

77.659.049.169.5

84.894.895.696.292.1

74. 184. 062.119.9

71.241.027.856.3^

77.889.390.891 . 185. 1

67.273.958.519.8

Har.1979

77.157.347.068.2

84.494.495. 195.991.8

73.281.762.819.9

77.960. 150.370.2

84.995. 195.896.592.6

73.982.863. 320.0

71.441.629. 156.0

81.389.089.691.285.7

65.771.258.619.0

2 6


HOUSEHOLD DATAA-4. Labor force by sex, age, and raceContinued

Sax. a * , and race

FEMALES






65 years and over

White


16 to 17 years . .18 to 19 years




65 years and over

Black and other






65 years and over

Total labor foroa


Bar.1978

41,0954,0101,5742,436

6,65624,82510,4697,5966,761

4,4842,8211,6631,12 0

35,5133,5931,4332,160

5,70921,207

8,8346,4715,902

4,0232,5361,486

982

5,5824 1 71412 7 6

9483,6191,6351,125

859

4 6 1284177137

Bar.1979

43,1184,2151,7112,504

7,04226,02211,0488,0636,911

4,6552,9091,7471,183

37,3263,7861,5602,226

6,06322,3019,3696,8986,034

4,1522,5841,5681,023

5,7924 2 91512 7 8

9 7 93,7211,6781,165

8 7 7

5 0 33 2 5178160

Participat

Bar.1978

49.248.338.358.0

66.260.462.061.856.7

41.748.733.6

8 . 4

48.751.341.560.S

66.859.560.860.956.2

41.648.833.2

8 . 1

52.832.021.642.6

62.466.469.167.760.2

43.047.837.111.2

on rates

Bar.1979

50.851.042.259.5

69.062.263.663.658.6

42.749.534.8

8 . 7

50.554.545.962.7

70.161.662.962.958.3

42.449.134.6

8 . 3

53.132.723.142.2

62.465.967.668.060.6

45.753.036.512.5


Thousaa* of parsons

Bar.1978

40,9743,9911,5742, 418

6,59224,78810,435

7,5936,760

4,4842,8201,6631, 120

35,4163,5771,4322,145

5,65721,1778,8086,4685,901

4,0222,5361,486

98 2

5,558414141273

9343,6111#6281,125

858

4 6 1284177137

Bar.1979

42,9824,1931,7112, 4 82

6,97325,97811,0098,0596,910

4,6552,9091,7471,183

37,2203,7691,5602,209

b,00922,267

9,3396,8956,033

4,1522,5841,5681,023

5,762424151273

9643,7111,6691,165

877

503325178160

Participation rate*

Mar.1978

49 .148.238.357.9

66.060.461.961.856.7

41.748.733.6

8 . 4

48.651.241.560.7

66.659.560.760.956.2

41.648. 833.2

8. 1

52.731.921.642.3

62.166.369.C67.660.2

43.047.837.111.2

Bar.1979

50.750.942.259. 3

68.862.16 3.563.658.6

42.749.534.8

8 . 7

50.454.445.962.6

70.061.662.862.958.3

42.449. 134.6

8 . 3

53.032.423.041.8

6 2.165.967.568,060.6

45.753.036.512.5

27


HOUSEHOLD DATA

A-5. Employment status of black workers by sex and age[Numbers in thousands]

March 1979

TOTAL


16 to 17 years18to19years




65 years and over

Males




25 to 34 years35to 44years45 to 54 years

55 to 64 years55to59years60 to 64 years

65 years and over

Females



20to 24 years25 to 54 years


55 to 64 years55to59years60 to 64 years

65 years and over

10,269799286513

1,7156,5122,8552,0231,635

949586363294

5,369447162285

8803,3761,4471,036

895

514310204151

4,900 352

124228

8353,1361,408

987740

435276159143

9,004531164366

1,3325,9812,5271,9001,554

891546346269

4,68729187

203

6833,1001,279

975845

475286189138

4,31724 077163

6492,8811,248

925709

416260157131

2361156

21136416430

42202226

2101055

16124376026

35181724

261

5124

8,768520160360

1,3115,8462,4861,8361,524

849525324242

4,47628182

399

6672,9771,243915819

439267172113

4,29223978161

6442,8691,243

921706

410258152129

1,264268121147

38353132812380

58401725

6821567482

1982771686048

39231513

5821124765

1852541606332

1917212

12.333-542.428.6

22.38.211.56.14.9

6.16.84.88.6

12.734.945.728.8

22.58.2

11.65.85.4

7.67.47.48.6

11.931.837.728.7

22.28.111.46.34.3

4.36.11.28.4

6,6451,429

872557

6912,012

799569644

848402446

1,665

2,21863 0419211

187433167106159

305144160664

4,427799453346

5041,579

632463485

543258286

1,001

NOTE: According to the 1970 Census. Mack worker* comprised about 89 percent of the"black and other" population group.

2 8


HOUSEHOLD DATA

A-6. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and race

TOTAL

Total noninstitutional populationTotal labor force

Percent of populationCivilian labor force

EmployedAgricultureNonagricultural industries

UnemployedPercent of labor force

Not in labor force




UnemployedPercent of labor force

Not in labor force

Black and other




Unemployed . . . .Percent of labor force

Not in labor force

Total

Bar.1978

160,313100,565

62.798,44391,9642,913

89,0516, 479

6 . 659,747

140,71488,453

62.986,73681,7372,661

79,0764,999

5 . 852,261

19,59912, 113

61.811,70710,227

2529,9751,480

12.67,486

liar.1979

162,909103,756

63.7101,66595,5012,925

92,5766,165

6. 159,153

142,72091,214

63.989,55884,770

2,64082,1314,788

5 . 351,506

20,18912,541

62. 112,10810,731

2 8 510,4461,377

11.47,648

Males, 20 years and over

Mar.1978

68,32754,553

79.852,87050,106

2,14547,961

2# 7655 . 2

13,774

60,58448,584

80.247,21845,004

1,93443,0702,213

4 . 711,999

7, 7445, 969

77.15,6535,101

2 1 14,891

5 5 19 . 8

1,775

Har.1979

69,61255,677

80.054,00451,487

2,17649,310

2, 518# 4.7

13,934

61,61549,502

80.348,16846,221

1, 94044,281

1,9474 . 0

12,113

7,9976, 1 76

77.25,8365,266

2 3 65,029

5 7 19 . 8

1,821

Females. 20 years and over

flat.1S78

75,19637,085

49.336,98234,817

48434,333

2, 1655 . 9

38,111

65,92131,SiO

48.431,83830,239

45729,782

1,5995 . 0

34,001

9 , 2755, 165

55.75,1444,578

274,550

56611.0

4#1 10

Har.19 79

76,58938,902

50.838,79036,592

4 7 836,114

2,197' 5 . 7

37,686

66,99933,539

50.133,45231,765

4 4 431,321

1,6875 . 0

33,460

9 5905, 363

55. 95,3384,827

344,793

5 1 09. 6

4,227

Both sexes.

Wai.1978

16,7908,92853.2

,8,5917,041

2 8 46,7581, 54S18.0

7,862

14,2097,94955.9

7,6806,453

2 7 06,2231,16615.4

6,261

2,56097S

38.09 1 1548

14534363

39.81,601

16-19 yun

flar.1979

16,7099,176

54.98,8717,422

2 7 17,1521 44 9

16.37,533

14,1068,173

57.97,9386,784

2566,5291,153

14.55,933

2, 6031, 00338.5

9346 3 8

15623296

31.71,600

2 9


HOUSEHOLD DATA

A-7. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16-21 years of age by race anil sex[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status

TOTAL


Percent of population

Civilian labor force . . . .Employed

AgricultureNonagricultural industries

UnemployedLooking for full-time workLooking for part-time workPercent of labor force

Not in labor force

Major activity: going to school

Civilian labor forceEmployed

AgricultureNonagricultural industries


Not in labor force

Major activity: other

Civilian labor forceEmployed

AgricultureNonagriculatural industries


Not in labor force

BothMXM

25,21215,391

61.0

14,68212,613

3 9 112,2222,0691,192

87614.1

9,821

4,4433,598

1313,467

8 4 587

7 5 819.0

7,489

10,2399,015

2608,7551,2241,105

11912.0

2,332

Total

Mates

12,7368,37165.7

7,7156,569

3 2 56,2451,146

6 6 74 7 9

14.84,365

2,3011,821

1051,716

4 8 05 2

42920.9

3,782

5,4144,748

2 1 94,529

.665615

5012.3583

Femates

12,4767,0^056.3

6, 9676,043

665,S77

9 2 3526398

13.35,456

2,1411,777

251,751

3 6 536

3 2 917.0

3,707

4,8254,267

4 14,226

558490

6911.6

1,74 9

BothMXM

21,34313,527

63.4

12,97811*387

3 6 911,018

1,5918 6 8723

12.37,816

4,0283,336

1293,206

69252

6 4 017.2

6,022

8,9518,051

2397,812

899816

8310.0

1,794

Harch 1979

Whit.

Mates

10,8287,307

67.5

6 8005*917

3045,614

8 8 349 63 8 7

13.03,521

2,0761,692

1051,588

38428

3 5 618.5

3,073

4,7244,225

1994,026

499468

3110.6449

Famates

10,5156,220

59.2

6 1785*470

655,405

708372337

11.54,295

1,9511,643

251,618

30624

28415.tj

2,949

4,2273,827

403/786

400348

529.5

1,346

BothMXM

3,8691,864

48.2

1,7031,225

221,204

478325153

28.02,005

4152 6 2

1

261153

35

11836.9

1,467

1, 288964

21S43325289

3625.2

538

BtMkMdothtr

Mates

1,9081,06455.8

915652

2 16312 6 3171

9228.7

844

225129

j128

9623

7342. 8

709

6 9 0523

20503166147

1924.1

135

Fwnates

1,9618 0 0

40.8

788573

1

5732 1 5154

6127.3

1,161

190133

133571245

29.97 5 8

5984 4 0

1440158142

1626.4

4 0 3

3 0


HOUSEHOLD DATA

A-8. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex. age, and race

[Numbers in thousands]

Race, sex, and age

TOTAL

Both sexes 16 years and over . . . . .16 to 21 years16 to 19 years


20 years and over20 to 24 years25 years and over

25 to 54 years55 years and over

Males, 16 years and over16 to 21 years16 to 19 years20 years and over



Females, 16 years and over16 to 21 years16 to 19 years20 years and over



White

Males, 16 years and over. ]16 to 21 years16 to 19 years20 years and over



Females, 16 years and over16 to 21 years16 to 19 years20 years and over



Black and other

Males, 16 years and over16 to 21 years16 to 19 years20 years and over



Females 16 years and over16 to 21 years16 to 19 years



flarch 1979

Fun-time labor force

Total

85,6458,717

4,048717

3,33281,59612,81168,785

56,87711,907

53,574

4,8672,308

51,2667,182

44,08436,2577,826

32,0703,8491,741

30,3305,628

24,70120,6204,081

47,7874,2392,039

45,7486,250

39,49932,3477,151

27,326

3,3481,536

25,7904,823

20,96817,3203,648

5,7886 2 9269

5,519933

4,5863,911

675

4,745501205

4 540*806

3,7343,301

433

Employed

Full-time

schedules'

77,6476,7752,932

4432,489

74,71510,92063,79652,70711,089

49,4003,8241,709

47,6916,156

41,53534,1587,376

28,2472,9511,223

27,0244,764

22,26018,5483,712

44,4773,4311,553

42,9245,488

37,43630,6556,782

24,3492,6531, 125

23,2244,188

19,03615,6853,351

4, 9233 9 4156

4,767668

4,0983r 504

594

3, 8982 9 8

9 83 801

#5763,2252,863

362

Part

time for

3,3107 5 04 3 81083 3 0

2,8726 7 5

2,1981,756

4 4 2

1,4633762 1 9

1,2443 2 59 1 97 1 62 0 3

1,84737 32 1 9

1,6283 5 0

1,2791,039

2 3 9

1,2183 1 2190

1,0272 6 27 6 5b 0 1165

1,5053 2 4192

1,314277

1,0378 4 7190

2 4 56528

21763

155117

38

3 4 24929

3 147 3

2 4 2192

5 0

Unemployed(looking for

full-time work)

Number

4,6881,192

6 7 91665 1 3

4,0091,2172,7922,416

376

2,7116673 8 0

2,3317 0 2

1,6301,383

2 4 7

1,976526298

1,6785 1 5

1,1631,034

130

2, 0924962 9 6

1,796500

1,2961,092

204

1,472372219

1,2533 5 8894787107

6 19171

855352 0 23 3 42 9 0

43

505154

8 04 2 51572672 4 5

2 2

Percent offull-time

labor force

5 . 513.716.823. 115.4

4 . 99 . 54. 14 . 23 . 2

5. 113.716.5

4 . 59 . 83 . 73 . 83 . 2

6 . 213.717.1

5 . 59 . 14 . 75 . 03 . 2

4 - 411.714.5

3 - 98 . 03 . 33 . 42 . 9

5 . 411. 114.3

4 . 97 . 44 . 34 . 52 . 9

10.727.131.4

9 . 721.6

7 . 37 . 46. 4

10.630.738.9

9 . 4

1.27 . 45 . 1

Total

16,0215,9654,8232,9551,868

11,1982,1659,C326,0602,972

5, 1092,8482,3712,738

8211,917

7021,215

10,9123,1172,4528,4601,3457,1155,3581,757

4,5512,5612, 1302,421

7331,688

5921,C97

9,8952,8302,2337, 621,1876,4754,9471,527

559286241318

88230111118

1, 0 1728821 9798158641411230

Part-time

Employedon voluntary

part time'

14,5445,0884,0522,3831,670

10,4911,9456,5465,7172,826

4,4852,3691,9332,551

7 5 01,802

6 4 81,153

10,0592,72C2,1197,9401,1956,7455,07C1,675

4,046* , 1751,7762,270

6 7 51,595

5 4 81,04 7

9,1752,4931,9487,2281,0756,1524,6931,45S

4 3 91941572 8 2

752 0 71001 06

8 8 42 2 71 7 17 121 2 05 9 33 7 72 1 6

labor force

Ut Mmployad(looking for

part-time work)

Number

1,4778767 7 05731987072204873 4 3144

6254794381o7

71116

556 2

653398333520149370286

82

50538735415 1

58934450

71933726 543411 13 2 2255

68

12G9 2843613231112

1336 1488538483 314

Percent ofpart-time

labor force

9. 214.716.019.410.6

6 . 310.2

5 . 45 . 74 . 8

12.216.818.5

6 . 88 . 66 . 17 . 85. 1

7 . 812.813.66. 1

11.15 . 25 . 44. 7

11. 115.116.6

6 . 27 . 95 . 57 . 44 . 6

7 . 31 1.912.8

5 . 79 . 45. 05 . 24 . 5

21.532.234.911.214.810.0

9 . 910. 2

13. 121.221.810.724! 1

7 . 58 . 06 . 1

' Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed proportionately among thefull- and part-time employed categories.

31


HOUSEHOLD DATA

A-9. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by family relationship[Numbers in thousands]

Family relationship

Total, 16 years and over . . .

Husbands1

With unemployed wifeWith wife not in labor force

WivesWith employed husbandWith unemployed husbandWith husband not in labor force

16-19 years20-24 years25 years and over

16-19 years20-24 years

Persons not living in families2

March 1979


Total

101,665

40,77120,7521,104

17,453

23,85521,177

6792,000

13,6756,3644,7262,585

4,8803,9701,2841,1901,496

14,514

Percentof

population

63.2

81.591,593.271.9

49.655.655.322.7

59.353.573.454.7

59.254.847.472.751.7

60.2

95,501

39,47020,194

98316,905

22,67120,193

5581,920

11,9975,4354,1982,364

4,4803,269

968980

1,321

13,614

Unemployed

Number

6,165

1,301559121548

1,184983121

80

1,678929528221

400700317211172

902

Percentoflaborforce

6 . 1

3 . 22 . 7

1 1 . 03 . 1

5.04.6

17.84.0

12.314.611.28.5

8.217.624.717.711.5

6.2

Not in labor force

Total

59,153

9,2691,920

806,824

24,27616,905

5486,824

9,3915,5401,7122,1393,3673,2731,424

4461,403

9,577

Keepinghouse

31,935

14440

374

22,11915,796

5135,8091,225

156158911

2,6917828299

601

4,974

Goingto

school

8,961

234134

386

301262

731

6,2894,9261,258

105116

1,4611,178

23449

560

Unableto

work

3,203

1,322435

24785

308112

9187375

2039

316182284

1013

261732

Otherreasons

15,055

7,5691,310

505,8781,550

73518

7961,502

437257808380745155101489

3,309

1 Includes a small

families.lumber of single, separated, widowed, or divorced men who head 2 Individuals living alone or with unrelated persons plus a small number of persons in

secondary families.

A-10. Unemployed persons by marital status, sex, age, and race

Marital status, sex, age, and race Thousands of

Bar.1978

flar.1979

Unemploymentrates

flar.1978

Bar.1979

Bar.1978

Bar.1979

Bar.1978

flar.1979

Total, 16 years and o v e r . . . .

Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

White. 16 years and over . . .

Married, spouse, presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

Black and other, 16 years and over . .


Total. 20 to 64 years of age


White, 20 to 64 years of age


Mac* and other, 20 to 64 years of age

Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or Singte (never married)

3,6031,467

3571,779

2,859

1,265250

1,345

744

202108434

2,665

1,373336956

2,129

1,180236714

535

192101242

3,3361,274

3021,759

2,597

1,074204

1,319

739

20198

440

2,430

1,198277956

1,873

1,005187682

558

19490

274

3.78.0

13.2

5.6

3.57.0

11.5

12.1

5.912. 124.0

5.2

3.68.0

10.5

4.7

3.47.09.2

9.8

5.812.118.4

3.26.8

12.5

2.95.7

10.8

11.6

5.611.023.4

4.7

3-16.6

10.0

2.95.68.3

5*710.619.9

2,876

1,197551

1,129

2,140

980383111

217168351

i,120

1,099508513

1,563

897348317

557

202160196

2,6291,225

5401 ,063

2,191

1,054407730

638

171133333

2, 147

1 , 127498522

1,652

967377308

495

160120215

5.27.0

11.0

6.0

4.86.19.0

9.11C.522.3

5 . 9

5.07.17.8

5.1

4.56.25.9

11.1

8.710.816.4

6.6

5.16.79.7

4/96.37.9

11.1

7.08.3

19.7

5.7

4.96.87.3

4.76.55.3

9.6

6.88.0

16.4

3 2


HOUSEHOLD DATAA-11. Unemployed persons by occupation of lest job end sex

Mar.1978

flar.1979

Bar.1978

flar.1979

liar.1978

Har.1979

Har.1978

Har.1979

Total, 16 years and overWhite-collar workers

Professional and technicalManagers and administrators, except farm .Sales workersClerical workers

Blue-collar workersCraft and kindred workers

Carpenters and other construction craftAll other

Operatives, except transportTransport equipment operativesNonfarm laborers

Construction laborersAll other

Service workersPrivate householdAll other

Farm workersNo previous work experience

16 to 19 years20 to 24 years25 years and over

6,4791,638331233286787

2,799801459342

1#077239682192490

1,07058

1,01316380961512667

6,1651,688290237270892

2,633769439330

1,033238593236357

1,0135096311371751812575

6.63.42.32.24.74.58.56.411.93.99.36.414.020.712.47.84.88.16.2

6.13.31.92.24.34.87.85.811.13.68.76.312.324.59.37.34.47.64.4

6.32.52-01.83.04.78.06.311.93.68.06.513.820.612.17.6(D7.65.1

5.72.31.61.93.04.67.15.8

11.13.36.76.612.424.19.17.7(D7.74.1

7.04.22.63.86.64.510.87.6(D7.311.15.115.5d)15.38.04.88.511.3

6.64.22.23.25.94.910.87.4(D7.011.73.012.1(1)10.67.14.47.56.2

1 Percent not shown where base is less than 75.000.

A-12. Unemployed persons by industry of lest job and sex

Percent distribution

Har.1978

Har.1979

Unemployment rates

Har.1978

Har.1979

Har.1978

Har.1979

Har.1978

Har.1979

Total, 16 years and overNonagricultural private wage and salary workers .

MiningConstructionManufacturing

Durable goodsLumber and wood productsFurniture and fixturesStone, clay, and glass productsPrimary metal industriesFabricated metal productsMachinery, except electrical equipmentElectrical equipmentTransportation equipment

AutomobilesOther transportation equipment . . .

Instruments and related productsOther durable goods industries

Nonourdoto 9000sFood and kindred productsTextile mill productsApparel and other textile products . . .Paper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsRubber and plastics productsOther nondurable goods industries . . .

Transportation and public utilitiesRailroads and railway expressOther transportationCommunication and other public utilities

Wholesale and retail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estateService industries .'

Professional servicesAll other service industries

Agricultural wage and salary workersAll other classes of workersNo previous work experience

1 Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

100.075.0

.810.820.811.41.2.3.7.9

1.51.42.01.8

.81.0.4

1.19.52.5

.72.3

.51.3.6.9.6

3.3.5

2.3.5

22.12.4

14.86.08.82.89.7

12.5

100.075.0

.911.221.211.2

.8

.8

.7

.61.71.12.41.91.1

.8

.3

. 910.03.01.12 .3

. 41.2.5.6.9

3.7.3

2.7.7

20.42.7

14.76.28.52.3

11.111.6

6.66.86.7

15.46.25.7

11.63.56.84.76.63.75.85.34.16.84.39.46.98.64.9

10.64.46.13.68.06.04.25.95.91.57.93.15.94.28.2

13.12.5

6.16.26.5

14.35.74.97.18.36.32.76.62.36.14.74.94.43.17.37.0

10.08.3

10.43.14.92.65.28.74.33.66.61.96.83.15.33.97.3

10.52.7

6.36.56.5

16.05.15.1

12.23.46.64.56.13.. 54.74.73.56.21.56.45.16.64.2

10.63.65.62.25.93.14.26.06.0

.96.82.75.93.38.2

11.52.5

5.75.86.5

14.94.34.27.19.16.12.65.71.84.04.44.93.81.16.94.56.54.4

10.42.84.72.11.45.64.54.06.71.55.62.15.73.57.8

10.22.5

7.07.28.17.08.67.67.43.77.96.48.64.57.38.37.59.47.7

13.39.5

13.65.7

10.57.06.87.5

11.710.23.9

d)5.62.79.33.45.94.58.2

19.22.6

6.66.77.08.18.97.27.07.07.73.7

10.14.59.06.15.27.85.27.8

10.517.512.510.44.35.14.1

11.513.63.8(D6.12.68.23.85.04.06.8

11.93.1

33


HOUSEHOLD DATAA-13. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race

Bar.1978

flar.1979

flar.1978

Bar.1979

Females, 20 yean

M a r .1978

flar.1979

Both sexes,16 to 19 yean

Bar.1978

Bar.1979

flar.1978

Hat.1979

Bar.1978

Bar.1979

UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL

Total unemployed, in thousandsJob losers

On layoffOther job losers

Job leaversReentrantsNew entrants

PERCENT D ISTRIBUTION

Total unemployedJob losers

On layoffOther job losers


UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

Total unemployment rateJob loser rate1

Job leaver rate'Reentrant rate1

New entrant rate1

6,4792,989

8642,125

8511,833

807

100.046.113.332.813.128.312.5

6.63. 1

.91.9

6,1652,848

9861,862

8551,745

717

100.046.216.030.213.928.311.6

6. 12.8

1.7.7

2,7651,848

5941,254

346486

85

100.066.821.545.312.517.63.1

5.23.5

.7

.9

.2

2,5181,671

5911,080

31146174

100.066.423.542.912-418.32.9

4.73.1

.6

. 9

. 1

2,165828206622355874108

100.038.29.5

28.716.440.45.0

5.92.31.02.4.3

2,197836291545394842125

100.038.113.324.817.938.35.7

5.72.21.02.2.3

1,54931264

248149473615

100.020.24.1

16.19.6

30.539.7

18.03.61.75.57.2

1,449341104237149442518

100.023.57.2

16.310.330.535.7

16.33.91.75.05.8

4,9992,412

7881,624

7281,292

568

100.048.315.832.514.625.811.4

5.82.8

.81.5

.7

4,7882,241

8641,377

7121,326

508

100.046.818.028.814.927.710.6

5.32.5

1.5.6

1,48057776

50112354124 0

100.038.9

5. 133.8

8.336.616.2

12.64.91.04.62.0

1,377607122485143418209

100.044.1

8.935.210.430.15.2

11.45.01.23.51.7

Unemployment rates are calculated as a percent of the civilian labor force.

A*14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age[Percent distribution]

Reason, sex, and age

March 1979

Total unemployed

Total, 16 years and o

Job losersOn layoffOther job losers


Miles, 20 years and over . .



Females, 20 years and over



Both texes, 16 to 19 years


Job leavers

6,165

2,848986

1,862855

1.745717

2,518

1,671591

1,080311461

74

2,197

836291545394842125

1,449

341104237149442518

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

40.8

32.640.328.545.848.050.1

31.1

28.533.825.643.633.4(D43.6

35.851.027.6m.951.646.853.6

44.946.643.960.956.154.8

33.8

37.037.236.932.931.128.6

37.0

36.638.735.534.339.9d)

32.5

35.430.538.135.029-. 127.8

30.2

42.847.641.425.225.927.2

25.4

30.422-534.621.320.921.3

31.9

34.927.439.022.126.7d)

24.0

28.818.534.423.119.325.4

16.2

12.35.8

14.813.918.018.0

15.1

2C.119.120.711.310.111.6

2G.5

23.523.423.511.514.8d)

13.4

18.415.420.012.28.8

15.1

8.4

6.25.89.38.68.18.9

10.3

10.23.3

13.99.9

10.79.7

11.5

11.44.1

15.510.611.9

(1)10.6

10.43.1

14.310.910.610.3

7.8

4-1

5.55.39-99.1

1 Percent not shown where bate it lets than 75.000.

34


HOUSEHOLD DATAA-15. Unemployed job*kers by the jo ttttods used, sx, age, and race

March 1979

Total, 16 yean and over.16 to 19 years20to 24 years25to 34years35 to 44 years45 to 54 years55 to 64 years65 years and over

Males, 16 years and over..16 to 19 years20 to 24 years25 to 34 years35 to 44 years45 to 54 years55 to 64 years65 years and over

Females, 16 years and over16 to 19 years20 to 24 years25 to 34 years35 to 44 years45 to 54 years55 to 64 years65 years and over

White, 16 years and over MalesFemales

;

Sack and other, 16 yearsand over

MalesFemales

6,1651,4491,1371,458

698603383138

3,336818773111337322221

2,82963166468136 128016250

4,7882,5972, 191

1,3777396 38

5,0731,3371,2211,120

535443309108

2,60975163253123721317473

2,46458658958929823013536

3,8261,S541,873

1,247656591

26.518.130.629.131.630.923.620.4

28.017.634.731.635.936.223.0

H)24.818.826.327.028.226. 124.4(1)23.625.421.6

35.435.735.0

6.93.15.29.69.9

10.610.73.7

7.43.75.4

10.213.99.9

12.1(1)6.42.45.19.26.7

11.39.6(1)6.67.16.1

7.88.27.4

71.578.972.667.869.764.163.169.4

72.880.773.167.672.665.759.8

(1)70.276.872.267.967.462.267.4

73.374.272.4

65.968.663.1

29.124.031.032.531.424.434.628.7

27.322.829.332.429.524.424.1(D31.125.632.932.632.924.348.1(1)29.827.831.8

27.125.628.8

13.211.814.214.014.813.111.710.2

15.613.015.818.119.416.015.5

10.710.112.610.410.710.46.7(U

12.314.79.7

16.318.413.9

6.64.65.57.57.57.9

14.62.8

7.73.66.68. 1

10.512.220.7

(1)5.56.04.27.05.04.35.9ID6.68.34.9

6.76. 17.3

1.541.411.591.601.651.511.581.35

1.591.411.651.681.821.641.55d)1.491.401.531.541.511.391.62d)1.521.581.47

1.591.631.55

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

NOTE: The jobseekers total is less than the total unemployed because person; on layoff or

waiting to begin a new wage and salary job within 30 days are not actually seeking jobs. Itshould also be noted that the percent using each method will always total more than 100because many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-16. Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex. and reason for unemployment

Sex and reason

March 1979

Methods med at a percent of total j o b m h m

Total, 16 years and overJob loserslob leaversReentrantsNew entrants

Males, 16 years and over .Job losersJob leaversReentrantsNew entrants

Females, 16 years and overJob losersJob leaversReentrants

NOTE. See not*, table A 15.

6,1652,848

8551,745

717

3,3361,885

408689354

2,829963447

1,056363

5,0731,839

8381,681

714

2,6091,204

392660354

2,464636446

1,023359

26.534.627.621.316.4

28.034.928.822.713.6

24.834.126.520.319.2

6.97.78.57.12.7

7.48.48.78.21.1

6.46.48.36.44.2

71.569.975.768.977.0

72.866.876.072.083.9

70.271.975.366.770.5

29.130.435.926.S23. 1

27.328.333.425. 320.131.134.338.127.626.2

1J.215.614.310.512.615.616.416.314. 115.010.713.712.38.1

10.6

6

empl_041979

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