Emphysematous abomasitis in one month old lambs
description
Transcript of Emphysematous abomasitis in one month old lambs
Emphysematous abomasitis in one month
old lambsHein Snyman BVSc
DVSc Anatomic Pathology ResidentDepartment of PathobiologyOntario Veterinary College
University of Guelph
Signalment
• One month old lambs (n=3)
• Male• Rideau Arcott
History• Novice small scale operation• Farmer away on the weekend• Returned to find 3 lambs dead• Acute death within last 36
hours• Growing well
Gross findings
• Good body condition• Fibrinous peritonitis & serosal
petechiae• Abomasal mucosal haemorrhage,
necrosis and ulceration• Exuberant autolysis of the kidney
and liver
Gram + Rods
Ancillary diagnostics• Faecal flotation – NAD• Bacterial culture:
4 + Clostridium perfringens3 + Mannheimia haemolytica
• Clostridial Fluorescent antibody test (FAT)
Clostridium septicum
www.vet.uga.edu
DiagnosisMdx - Emphysematous, necrotizing and suppurative abomasitis, trans mural, regionally extensive, acute.Edx - Clostridial gangrenous abomasitis/BraxyEtiology – Clostridium septicum & C. perfringens
Braxy• Highly fatal• Acute to peracute• Treatment rarely successful• NW Europe
• Norway, Denmark, North Germany, Iceland and the Faroe islands – Bradsot
• UK, Ireland, North America and Australia
Braxy• Low prevalence• Cold winters• Overwintering on
summer pasture• Autumn, early to
mid winter• North America –
early spring
Braxy
• Severe oedema, necrosis and gangrenous inflammation of the mucosa of the abomasum
• C. septicum, C. novyi, C. perfringens type A & C
Braxy
• Good condition• 6 to 18 months• Morbidity up to 50 %• Calves• Abomasal ulcers
Pathogenesis• Poorly understood• Mucosal invasion and proliferation
without any predisposing lesion• Coarse and frozen vegetation• Toxin production• Abomasal canula – Glucose & VFA’s• Centrifugal emphysematous lesions
Ellis T.M., Rowe J.B. and Lloyd J.M. (1983). Acute abomasitis due to Clostridium septicum infection in experimental sheep. Aust. Vet. J. 60, 308-309.
Prevention
• Immunoprophylaxis• Toxoid/Bacterin• No vaccination
protocol• No Clostridial
vaccines
References• Coetzer J.A.W., Tustin R.C. Infectious
diseases of livestock, 2nd Edition, Volume Three, Section Five: Bacterial diseases, 183 Clostidium septicum infections, pg. 1869-1873.
• Ellis T.M., Rowe J.B. and Lloyd J.M. (1983). Acute abomasitis due to Clostridium septicum infection in experimental sheep. Aust. Vet. J. 60, 308-309.
• Eustis S.L. and Bergeland M.E. (1981). Suppurative abomasitis associated with Clostridium septicum infection. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 178, 732-734.
• Songer JG. (1996). Clostridial enteric diseases of domestic animals. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 9, 216-234.