Empathy+socail work sus_cutversion
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Transcript of Empathy+socail work sus_cutversion
PowerPoint Presentation
Virtual Reality and Social WorkLynda Joy Gerry24th of August 2016
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THE MACHINE TO BE ANOTHER:An Empathy Machine?4Empathy is created the moment we try to put ourselves in another persons shoes. Aspen Baker, TED Radio Hour
The machine to be another is designed to stimulate empathy through embodied interaction between individuals. (Bertrand et al., 2014)
To what extent can we experience and understand what it is like to be someone else?
Machine to Be Another: Live Stream Perspective Swapping5
The Machine to Be Another (MIT Media Lab)6
The Effect: After Wearing the HeadsetNow when we look into another person's eyes, what we see is another person looking back at us. Now we see another being who is just like us, another entity trapped inside the illusion of all these packages of individual differences -- body, personality, etc. Carl Rogers7
The Potential: What Happens When People Take Off the VR Headset8
What is Virtual Reality?VR is the ability to transport and immerse yourself into another reality than the one youre physically inYou can do this to experience something new, invoke a feeling in people or simply just because its fun
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The First HMD
1968 s verden s det frste VR head mounted display.
The VR Hype in 80s & 90s11
Overview12
MobileGoogleCardboardSamsungGear VRPlasticHMDsSittingPlaystationVROculusRiftStanding/WalkingHTC Vive
Sense of Presence13
Applications14
Healthcare15
Architecture16
E-Commerce
Nr man shopper online s bruger vi langt de kvaliteter som virkeligheden kan tilbyde. Derimod kan det vre mere overskueligt gennem menuer, sammenligning, detalje overblik osv. Med VR kan man tilbyde begge dele. Dette er ogs et rum hvor reklamefilm fra forskellige brands relevant. Ved at give kunder indblik brandets identitet og kultur. Allerede ser man reklamer i forskellige virtuelle verdener ssom second life, playstation home m.fl. Med facebooks store sats p VR, kan interaktivt reklame content ogs tnkes ind i sociale medier.
Immersive Gallery Art Experiences18
AR(5-7 years)3D Scanning(1-2 years)Haptic Feedback(3-5 years)
Future Technology
Empathic Computing (Billinghurst, 2016)1. Recognition systems that can recognize your feelings and emotions (sensors)2. Understanding systems that help you better understand the experience of others (VR)3. Sharing systems that help you better share the experience of others (AR)20
1. RecognitionRoz Picard MIT Media LabSystems that recognize emotion21
Example: Affectiva22
2. Understanding: Virtual Reality
Virtual reality offers a whole new medium to tell stories that really connect people and create an empathic connection.
- Nonny de la Peahttp://www.emblematicgroup.com23
Project Syria (de la Pea, 2015)24
Clouds Over Sidra (Chris Milk)25
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New Eyes for Students (Makropol)Project designed to teach the UN Development Initiatives to Danish grade school children, especially cultural diversity, global sustainability issues, and perspective taking
Transports student to Africa, where a little girl guides audience on a tour through her world and talks about her life
Unique design that allows for a you relation where audience feels present and like the little girl is talking to them.27
3. Sharing: Augmented RealityCan we develop experiences that allow us to share what we are seeing, hearing, and feeling with someone else?28
The Amphibian SCUBA Diving Simulator (Dhruv Jain, MIT Media Lab)29
Goal: Help people understand the liberating effects of disabilities, which Jain (who is deaf) likens to the experience of being underwater.
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Childhood (Siggraph 2015)Kenji Suzuki, Univesity of TsukubaWhat does it feel like to be a child?VR display + moved cameras + hand restrictors30
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Virtual EmbodimentBanakou, Groten, Slater, 2013
Examples of Avatar EffectsEmbodying a body of a different race reduces implicit racial biases (Groom, Bailenson, and Nass, 2009)Embodying a tall avatar increases self-confidence in negotiation tasks (Yee and Bailenson, 2007)Embodying an attractive avatar increases self-disclosure(Yee and Bailenson, 2007)Embodying a stressful posture in a virtual body can increase stress even though physical body is not in that posture/position(Bergstrm, Kilteni, and Slater, 2013)Embodying a child avatar body causes subjects causes an overestimation in object sizes32
Notes on Blindness33
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Be My Eyes35
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Promoting Helping Behavior in VR37
Ahn et al., 2015
Autumn (Tusmrke)38
Autism: Too Much Information39
Discussion QuestionWhat is the value of having these types of experiences that allow us to see/hear/experience the world as another?40
The Virtual Reality Social Cognition Training ProgramVR can be used as a learning tool for children to:
- Teach safety skills (Self et al., 2007; Josman et al., 2008)
- Hold their interest (Cobb et al., 2002; Max & Burke, 1997)
- Monitor eye gaze (Lahiri et al., 2011)
- Aid learning of pretend play (Herrera et al., 2008)
- Interpret emotions of avatars accurately (Moore et al., 2005; Cheng and Ye 2010)Ex: Use virtual simulations of a bus/caf to teach social skills.41
Autism Speaks (Daniel Yang)42
Anxiety in Children: The Virtual Classroom
The Virtual Kitchen
Gorini, A., Gaggioli, A., Vigna, C., & Riva, G. (2008). A Second Life for eHealth: Prospects for the Use of 3-D Virtual Worlds in Clinical Psychology. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 10(3). doi:10.2196/jmir.1029
Treating Body Dysmorphia: Four Doors of Different DimensionsPatients have to choose the door that they believe corresponds exactly to their width. This is aimed to improve awareness of body image distortion. Socratic questioning is used during exposure in order to help patients draw appropriate conclusions from the experience (Riva et al., 1998).
Perpia and Botella (2013)Researchers designed tasks in virtual environments to change the way participants thought about their body size and appearanceWhile wearing a virtual reality headset, participants see a virtual representation of an avatar with their own body proportions.In one setting, participants have to manipulate a 3D human figure until it represents their own body, which is shown nearby as a translucent 2D image.
Marco, J. H., Perpi, C., & Botella, C. (2013). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy supported by virtual reality in the treatment of body image in eating disorders: One year follow-up. Psychiatry Research, 209(3), 619-625. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.02.023
Virtual Food Causes the Same Emotional Response as Real FoodGorini, Griez, Petrova, and Riva (2010)
Researchers compared the effects of the exposure to real food, virtual food and photographs of food Sample: 10 anorexic, 10 bulimic and 10 control participants (all women)Conditions: 6 real high-calorie foods placed on a table in front of them, Slideshow of the same foods, and VR computer-generated diner where they could interact with the virtual version of the same 6 itemsMeasures: heart rate, skin conductance, psychological stressResults: Virtual stimuli are as effective as real ones, and more effective than static pictures, in generating emotional responses in eating disorder patientsGorini, A., Griez, E., Petrova, A., & Riva, G. (2010). Assessment of the emotional responses produced by exposure to real food, virtual food and photographs of food in patients affected by eating disorders. Ann Gen Psychiatry Annals of General Psychiatry, 9(1), 30. doi:10.1186/1744-859x-9-30
Gorini, Griez, Petrova, and Riva (2010)
Gorini, A., Griez, E., Petrova, A., & Riva, G. (2010). Assessment of the emotional responses produced by exposure to real food, virtual food and photographs of food in patients affected by eating disorders. Ann Gen Psychiatry Annals of General Psychiatry, 9(1), 30. doi:10.1186/1744-859x-9-30
Gorini, Griez, Petrova, and Riva (2010)Gorini, A., Griez, E., Petrova, A., & Riva, G. (2010). Assessment of the emotional responses produced by exposure to real food, virtual food and photographs of food in patients affected by eating disorders. Ann Gen Psychiatry Annals of General Psychiatry, 9(1), 30. doi:10.1186/1744-859x-9-30
What if you could show someone the body that they think they have?Imagine showing someone with body dysmorphia the body that they think they have, and use embodied simulations in virtual reality to allow them to experience being in that body to reveal the difference between their altered body image and reality.
VR TO REDUCE COGNITIVE BIASES51
Somatosensory ResonanceDefinition: We understand others physical and mental states by remapping others body states onto our own sensorimotor system
Through the visual remapping of touch, synchronous touch stimuli applied to ones own face and the face of an outgroup member results in a decrease in implicit biases.52
Visual Remapping of Touch53
Fini et al., 2013
Reducing Implicit Racial Bias: The Enfacement Illusion54
Ahn et al., 2015
FPP Hand Movement in VEs (Adamovich et al., 2009)55
Painter Project: Stereo Footage with Binaural Audio56
Ex Nihilo: Exploring the Stimulation of Creativity and Empathy through Embodied Experiences in Virtual Reality57
Gallagher et al. (2015) Neurophenomenology of Awe and Wonder58
Video of Experimental Task59
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Introducing Ex NihiloIn The Republic, Plato asks, "Will we say, of a painter, that he makes something?" and answers, "Certainly not, he merely imitates."64
Imitated Paintings by Subjects65
Subject QuoteIt almost feels like collectively discovering something that was in her head all along. The experience allowed this completely different way of connecting to someone that doesnt rely on facial expressions or anything.66
The Next ChallengeWere starting to move out of the wow phase of this new technology and into what does this mean for humanity? Chris Milk67
Discussion QuestionHow can virtual reality help us understand one another?68
Thanks for your [email protected]