Emotion, Intuition and “Hot” Thinking I.Psychological Perspectives on Emotion the role of...
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Emotion, Intuition and “Hot” Thinking
I. Psychological Perspectives on Emotion the role of thinking in emotion
II. Studying Emotion
III. Blink: Thin Slicing Emotions
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anger fear happy contempt
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Emotion 101
Emotion Families Three Channels of Output
Subjective FeelingExpressionPhysiology
Appraisals of Meaning (aka the role of thinking in emotions)Hot “Cognitions”
“You intentionally demeaned me”
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Can we study emotion scientifically?Emotions in the Context of Couple Interactions
Laboratory Based Interaction“Revealed Offense” Task
Videotape ==> Observational Coding
Physiological Indicators of Emotion
VIDEO RECALL
On-line Feelings and thoughts
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Affect Rating Slide
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“How I felt during this discussion”Wife's Ratings
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Time in Minutes
Aff
ect
Rati
ng
s
Neg
ati
ve P
osit
ive
76541 3 82
Wife’s Negative “HAM”
Wife’s Positive “HAM”
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Hot Affect Moments (HAM) Questionnaire
not very at all much How much did you feel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 the following?
1. anger 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. irritated 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3. happy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4. sad 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
How much were you trying to achieve the following? I WAS:
1. trying to understand my partner 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. trying to control my anger 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3. trying to avoid appearing weak 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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Does this study show that you can use science to examine emotion?
How do you know emotions when you see them?
What cues do you use?BLINK: Thin Slicing Emotions
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Ekman: FACS SYSTEM
page 413 for scorepage 382 for scorepage 382 for scorepage 382 for scorepage 382 for scorepage 381 for score
video 4w4 page 465w0 page 4654ii page 4664i page 4660 page 465
Action Unit 4 – Brow Lowerer
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AngerThe eyebrows and
corners of the mouth are pulled down.
HappinessThe eyebrows and
corners of the mouth are raised.
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Specific Affect Coding System (SPAFF)
GOTTMAN (from Blink)Long ManualGestalt Approach
Body LanguageFacial ExpressionSpeech ContentSpeech Qualities (tone, prosody)
Extensive TrainingMultiple emotions coded
SPAFF vs. FACSMore inference, harder to get interrater agreement, more
“subjective”
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Our Method of Observing Emotion
View Videotapes
30-second epochs 16 emotions and couple behaviors
e.g., Anger (0=not at all; 9=A lot)
5-6 independent “naïve” observers ratings pooled
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Naïve Coder Approach vs. SPAFFMore reliance on intuition, subjective
judgment … thin slicingLess “thinking” and reliance on heuristics in
manual
More or less objective???
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Does it Work?
Highly correlated with SPAFF codingEmotional Coding Predicts Marital Quality and Stability83% accuracy in predicting dissolution
Why might be the advantages of naïve coding vs. SPAFF manualized approach?