EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BLENDED BIODIESEL

BY SHYAM KUMAR S7 MECHANICAL

MAIN JOURNAL

INTRODUCTION

Today, Automobile industries are focusing on global

warming and saving non-renewable sources.

Bio diesel is one of the best solution of above

mentioned problems.

Since it is a renewable energy, produce less emission

and it is successfully implemented on existing

systems (cars).

WHAT IS BIODIESEL?

Biodiesel: Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil - or animal fat-

based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, ethyl, or propyl) esters.

Non-toxic, Biodegradable

Can be combined at any level with petroleum diesel to fuel diesel engines.

Fatty AcidAlcoholGlycerin

Vegetable Oil

Biodiesel

FA

Biodiesel

TRANSESTERIFICATION REACTION

BIODIESEL BLENDS

B2

B5

B10

B20

B100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90100

Biodiesel Petroleum diesel

B100 = 100% biodiesel

B20 = 20% biodiesel + 80% petroleum dieselB10 = 10% biodiesel + 90% petroleum dieselB5 = 5% biodiesel + 95% petroleum dieselB2 = 2% biodiesel + 98% petroleum diesel

ADVANTAGES

• Bio diesel is environmental friendly. • It can help reduce dependency on foreign oil. • It offers similar power to diesel fuel. • It is safer than conventional diesel. • It can be made from waste products.• It can be made at home easily.

• It gives out more nitrogen oxide emissions.• It can only be used in diesel-powered engines.• Higher viscosity.• Poor cold flow properties

DISADVANTAGES

PROPERTIES DIESEL BIODIESEL ETHANOL DEE

Density 850 916 789 713.4

Kinematic viscosity at40oc(Cst) Calorific value (kj/kg)

3.05 5.8 0.795 0.2230

Cetane number 42800 39400 29700 33892

Flash point ◦C 85 129 14 -45

Surface tension N/m at 20°C 0.023 0.025 0.02239 0.017

Latent heat of Evaporation kJ/kg 250 240 922 376

MAIN PROPERTIES OF BLENDING STOCK

Molecular weight 170 200 46.07 74.12

Stoichiometric air to fuel ratio (Wt/wt)

15 13.5 9 11.1

Autoignition temperature ◦C 316 - 422 160

Boiling point ◦C 188-344 - 78 34

Carbon content % weight 84-87 - 52.2 64.86

Hydrogen content % weight 33-16 - 13.1 13.5

Oxygen content (%) weight 0 10 34.7 21

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

MANUFACTURER KIRLOSKAR

General details single cylinder, 4-stroke,, Direct injection, compression ignition engine

Power (rated ) 3.7 kW

Bore/Stroke 80mm/110mm

Rated speed 1500 rpm

Compression ratio 16.1

Engine specification

TEST FUELS

Diesel100%

B0

BD(B20)

Biodiesel20%

Diesel80%

BDE

Biodiesel15%

Diesel80%

Ethanol5%

BDET

Biodiesel15%

Diesel80%

Diethyl Ether5%

PROPERTIES B0 BD(B20) BDE BDET

DIESEL%(v/v) 100 80 80 80

MAHUA METHYL ESTER%(v/v) 0 20 15 15

ETHANOL%(v/v)0 0 5 0

DIETHYL ETHER%(v/v)0 0 0 5

DENSITY 0.84 0.845 0.837 0.84

CALORIFIC VALUE 42800 42120 41635 41844

LATENT HEAT OF EVAPORATION 250 235 266 242

COMPOSITION OF FUELS AND MAIN BLEND PROPERTIES

Results and Discussion

CONCLUSIONS

• Diesel –biodiesel –diethyl ether blend(BDET) and BDE shows better stability in diesel engine

without modification.• BSFC of BDET is slightly lower because of high

volatility.• BDET and BDE have high oxygen content than

B20,shows excellent ability to eliminate smoke emissions.

• NOx emission will be higher in BDE but HC emissions will be low in comparison with B20.

REFERENCES

• Padhi, S.K, Singh, R.K, 2010 Optimization of esterification and transesterification of Mahua (Madhuca Indica) oil for production of biodiesel

• Kambiz tahvildhari,Nargis davari B 2011,Biodiesel Production from chicken fat based sources.

• Krish T Bharat ,Agni Bhattacharya 2012,The production and analysis of biodiesel from chicken waste and a comparison of fuel properties.

• Nagarhalli M.V, Nandedkar V.M 2010,Emission and Performance characteristics of Karanja biodiesel and its blends in a ci engine and its economics.

• Venkata Ramesh Mamilla, M. V. Mallikarjun, Dr. G.Lakshmi Narayana Rao, Preparation of Biodiesel from Karanja Oil

ANY QUERIES..???

THANK YOU