Emerson 555 Vibration Strobe · 2019. 1. 22. · Emerson 555 generates a tachometer signal on the...

User GuideMHM-97410, Rev 5

August 2018

Emerson 555 Vibration Strobe

User Guide

Copyright

© 2018 by Emerson. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrievalsystem, or translated into any language in any form by any means without the written permissionof Emerson.

Disclaimer

This manual is provided for informational purposes. EMERSON MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANYKIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIEDWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Emerson shallnot be liable for errors, omissions, or inconsistencies that may be contained herein or forincidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use ofthis material. Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does notrepresent a commitment on the part of Emerson. The information in this manual is not all-inclusive and cannot cover all unique situations.

Patents

The product(s) described in this manual are covered under existing and pending patents.

ContentsIntroduction to the Emerson 555 .................. 3

Operating the Emerson 555 ........................13

Measuring RPM ...........................................23

Balancing and phase measurement ............ 25

Phase analysis ............................................. 28

Motion studies ............................................30

Lamp .......................................................... 32

Specifications ............................................. 34

User Guide August 2018

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1 Introduction to the Emerson 555

Topics covered in this chapter:

• Documentation conventions

• Safeguards and precautions

• Technical support

• Screen display

• Keys

• Mounting

• Battery

• Input and output connections

Overview

The Emerson 555 is a portable, battery-operated strobe suited for a widerange of industrial, institutional, and educational applications. Sturdy andcompact, the Emerson 555 can be operated in the plant or field to enablevisual inspection (freeze motion) and digital measurement of rotary,reciprocating, or linear motions while equipment is in operation. Use theEmerson 555 with or without a vibration analyzer.

The Emerson 555 is also used as a highly accurate, remote, electronic, digitaltachometer for direct speed measurements (RPM/RPS) without reflectivetape or markings. The LCD display shows RPM results approximately everyhalf second.

Use the Emerson 555 for all applications suited to a general purpose,phase-shifting strobe. Examples of Emerson 555 applications include:

• Balancing

• Inspecting high-speed rotating parts

• Completing motion analysis or phase measurement

• Completing over-speed trip tests

• Completing online coupling inspections

• Completing RPM/RPS measurements

Signals

The Emerson 555 requires an input signal to synchronize the flash rate withan external source, typically a vibration sensor in the tracking mode or opticalpickup in the external mode. Use a special cable to apply this signal to the

August 2018 User Guide

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Input (arrow pointing into the socket) jack on the side of the strobe. TheEmerson 555 generates a tachometer signal on the Output (arrow pointingaway from the socket) jack. Information about these signals is described inthis manual.

The Emerson 555 has a “tuning” circuit that allows it to track vibration sensor(accelerometer) signals, making the Emerson 555 different fromgeneral-purpose strobe lights. The Emerson 555 also has Narrow and WideBandwidth filters to distinguish fundamentals from harmonics. The NarrowBandwidth filter limits the influence of harmonics around the selectedfrequency, providing a more stable phase reading.

1.1 Documentation conventions

The following conventions are used throughout:

NoteA note paragraph contains special comments or instructions.

CAUTION!

A caution paragraph alerts you to actions that can have a major impact onthe equipment or stored data.

WARNING!

A warning paragraph alerts you to actions that can have extremely seriousconsequences for equipment and/or personnel.

1.2 Safeguards and precautions

Carefully read and follow all instructions in this manual. Keep this manual forfuture reference.

• Do not use the Emerson 555 in any manner inconsistent with theseoperating instructions or under any conditions that exceed theenvironmental specifications stated.

• Using the Emerson 555 may induce an epileptic seizure in persons proneto this type of attack.

• Objects viewed with the Emerson 555 may appear to be stationary whenin fact they are moving at high speeds. Always keep a safe distance frommoving machinery and do not touch the target.

• There may be lethal voltages present in the Emerson 555. Refer to Chapter 7 before attempting to open the Emerson 555.


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• The ventilation holes must remain exposed when the Emerson 555 is inoperation to allow heat to escape.

• Do not allow liquids or metallic objects to enter the ventilation holes onthe Emerson 555 as this may cause permanent damage and void thewarranty.

• Do not allow cables extending from the Emerson 555 to come intocontact with rotating machinery as serious damage to the equipment,severe personal injury, or death may occur.

• Do not direct the Emerson 555 flash toward certain data collectors as itmay temporarily interrupt data-collection operations or cause data loss.

• The Emerson 555 may not be safe for use in certain hazardousenvironments. Serious personal injury or death could occur as a result ofimproper use. Please refer to your facility's safety program for properprecautions.

• Do not turn on the Emerson 555 while the power supply is connected.The Emerson 555 must be powered off before you connect the powersupply and charge the battery. Otherwise, the charger and strobe lightmay be permanently damaged.

• Dispose of batteries in accordance with Federal, State, and Localregulations. Do not incinerate. Ship batteries to a reclamation facility torecover the metal and plastic components. Contact Emerson forappropriate return procedures.

• The Emerson 555 is not serviceable by the user. For technical assistance,contact Emerson directly.

1.3 Technical support

To view toll free numbers for specific countries, visit http://www.emersonprocess.com/technicalsupport.

1.4 Screen display

The display panel consists of a backlit, liquid-crystal display with six numericdigits on top and five alphanumeric digits on the bottom.


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http://www.emersonprocess.com/technicalsupport

Emerson 555 displayFigure 1-1:

Display optionsTable 1-1:

Options Description

PHASE Phase Delay mode is active.

AUTO Auto Phase Shifting mode (virtual RPM) is active.

ALT The alternate function of each button (lower section) is active.

TACH Tachometer mode is active. The strobe will not flash.

LOCK Lock the accelerometer signal for input.

EXT External Input mode is active.

On Target in Tachometer mode and Remote Sensor in External mode.

- - - - - The input frequency exceeds the limit of the strobe.

Blinks when the batteries are low. The icon does not appear when thebattery is fully charged.


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1.5 Keys

The Emerson 555 keys are located under the display on the front panel.

Key Description

Multiplies the flash rate by 2.The ALT function MENU opens the Emerson 555 main menu. Holdthis key when powering up to show all segments, Rev number, andthe display test.

Divides the flash rate by 2.Hold this key when powering up to reset factory defaults.

Toggles display between RPM and RPS in Internal and Externalmode. For Auto mode, the key toggles through RPM, RPS, VRPM,and VRPS.The ALT function TACH toggles Tach mode (flashing) on/off.

Manually cycles through Internal, External, Wide Lock, and Narrow Lockmodes.The ALT function MEMORY reads and stores 9 preset flash rates.

Toggles ALT in the display. When ALT is displayed, the buttons usethe function listed on the bottom of each button. ALT alsochanges how the tuning knob works.

Toggles between normal flash rate adjust and phase delay adjustin Internal mode. It toggles through External only (no delay), Phase,Time, and Auto (VRPM) in External and Lock modes.The ALT function toggles filter tracking in Lock mode.


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1.6 Mounting

You can hold the Emerson 555 or mount the Emerson 555 on a tripod orother user-supplied bracket. Use the 1/4" - 20 UNC bushing at the base of thehandle.

1.7 Battery

The Emerson 555 includes internal, rechargeable NiMH (Nickel-MetalHydride) batteries. The actual operating time of the strobe depends on theflash rate and duty cycle of operation. Fully charge the battery prior to eachuse. The strobe has a protection feature to prevent it from operating if thebattery charge becomes too low. All decimal points on the LCD displayindicate this condition.

CAUTION!

Do not turn on the Emerson 555 while the power supply is connected. TheEmerson 555 must be powered off before you connect the power supply andcharge the battery. Otherwise, the charger and strobe light may bepermanently damaged.

NiMH batteries are prone to self-discharge. In the first 24 hours, 10 to15percent of the charge is lost. This continues at a rate of 1/2 percent to 1percent per day. For maximum performance, charge the batteries just priorto use.

1.7.1 Charge the battery

Recharge the battery at any time. You do not need to wait until the lowbattery icon appears.

CAUTION!

• Do not turn on the Emerson 555 while the power supply is connected.The Emerson 555 must be powered off before you connect the powersupply and charge the battery. Otherwise, the charger and strobe lightmay be permanently damaged.

• The Emerson 555 enclosure contains control electronics to properly andsafely charge the batteries. Never remove the batteries from theenclosure and attempt to charge externally.

• Using chargers other than the one supplied may damage the Emerson555 and void the warranty.


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Procedure

1. Release the trigger so the Emerson 555 is off.

2. Plug the charger cable into the charger socket on the display panelbehind the handle.

3. Plug the charger into a main wall outlet (115/230 VAC).

When the battery is charging, CHRGE appears in the bottom right of theEmerson 555 display. A full charge takes four to five hours.

4. For peak battery life, charge the batteries until DONE appears on theEmerson 555 display.

NoteIf the batteries are not fully charged on a regular basis, the batteries losecapacity.

1.7.2 Low battery icon

The low battery icon on the display blinks when the battery charge islow. The LCD display indicates this condition, and the Emerson 555 will notflash. When the battery is charged, there is no battery indication.

You can use the Emerson 555 for a short period of time after the low batteryicon displays. The actual battery operating time depends on the flash rateand duty cycle of operation. Do not connect the power supply to theEmerson 555 while it is powered on. Turn off the Emerson 555 beforecharging.

The strobe has a protection feature that prevents the strobe from operatingif the battery voltage is low. This condition is indicated by no flash and thedisplay shows LO BAT.

1.7.3 Maintaining the battery

When the Emerson 555 is not in use, charge the battery at least every threemonths. Otherwise, the battery may have reduced capacity or may becomeunusable. Fully charge the battery prior to each use and allow 3–5 cycles ofcharging and discharging for the battery to reach full charge capacity.

1.7.4 Remove and dispose of the battery

Prior to disposing of the Emerson 555, you must remove the battery asoutlined below. See Section 1.2 to review safeguards prior to attempting toremove the battery.


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Procedure

1. Remove the lens, reflector, and lamp as detailed in Section 7.1.

Four screws are exposed.

2. Remove the four screws to dismantle the reflector housing.

3. Remove the four additional screws in the case half, opposite the inputand output jacks, and then remove the case half.

4. Separate the case halves and expose the battery.

5. Remove the cables from the battery.

6. Place tape over the battery terminals to prevent shorting.

7. Send the battery to a recycling center or return to the factory.

8. Discard the remaining parts.

1.8 Input and output connections

The left side of the Emerson 555 has input and output jacks. Use these jacksfor external triggering or synchronization (daisy-chaining two or morestrobes). These jacks accept 3.5 mm plugs (IN is stereo, OUT is mono). Theinput and output are TTL compatible.

Input/output jacksFigure 1-2:

1.8.1 Input

The input ring is for the accelerometer input. The accelerometer must bepowered externally and this input is decoupled internally, so that the positivesignal from the sensor can be applied directly. The Emerson 555 is optimizedfor 100mV/g accelerometers, but any signal above 5 mV activates the unit.


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The input tip is for an external digital signal from a remote sensor or anotherstrobe. The range for triggering is from 0 flashes per second to 200 flashesper second (12,000 flashes per minute). Typically, a 5 µsec delay occurs fromtrigger input to flash. The trigger source should provide a pulse with aminimum duration (width) of 20 µsec in the range 2.5 to 12 VDC.

Input connection detail (stereo plug)Figure 1-3:

A. Common (GND)B. Voltage to sensor/accelC. Signal inputD. Common (GND)E. Voltage to sensor/accelF. Signal input

External inputs

The input jack (arrow pointing into the socket) enables an external signal totrigger the Emerson 555. Insert a plug into the input jack to automatically putthe Emerson 555 into the External Input mode. When you remove the plug,the Emerson 555 is back into the Internal mode. Press the INPUT button tomanually select the Internal mode. Set the polarity of the input pulse in theMENU options.

With no external input, the output jack (arrow pointing away from thesocket) provides a TTL compatible pulse from the Emerson 555 internaloscillator. If you apply an external input, the output pulse is in sync with theinput pulse. You can use this output pulse to trigger a second strobesynchronously to illuminate larger areas. You can daisy-chain many strobes.Connect the output jack of one strobe to the input jack of the next strobe,causing all strobes to flash together and to be controlled by the first strobe inthe chain. Set the polarity of the output pulse in the MENU options.


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1.8.2 Output

In the Internal (INT) mode, the output provides a TTL compatible pulse fromthe Emerson 555 internal oscillator in sync with the flash.

In the External (EXT) mode, the output pulse mimics the input pulse. You canuse this output pulse to trigger a second pulse to illuminate larger areas.

In the Tracking (LOCK/TRACK) mode, the output is a pulse at the tracking orlock frequency, at the strobe flash rate, and may be phase shifted ±180° fromthe reference point.

Output connection detail (mono plug)Figure 1-4:

A. Common (GND)B. Pulse output from strobeC. Common (GND)D. Pulse output from strobe


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2 Operating the Emerson 555


• Connect to an Emerson AMS 2140 Machinery Health Analyzer

• Turn on the Emerson 555 strobe

• Open the main menu options

• Lock and unlock the trigger

• Emerson 555 modes

• Internal mode

• External Input mode

• External Delay modes (phase shifting)

• Lock mode

• Restore the factory presets

• View the software revision and current settings

2.1 Connect to an Emerson AMS 2140 Machinery HealthAnalyzer

For the AMS 2140, use the D25535 cable. For the model 2130, use theD25199.


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Cable connections from accelerometer to analyzerFigure 2-1:

Connector on AMS 2140: Connected to: Purpose:

A – ACCEL SENSOR Vibration signal coming fromMachine

B – ACCEL D – STROBE INPUT Vibration signal routed fromAMS 2140 to Strobe

C – TACH/VOLTS E – STROBE OUTPUT Tach pulse routed from Strobeback to AMS 2140


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Procedure

1. Connect the appropriate connections on the strobe cable to thecorresponding accelerometer and volts/tach (M12) connectors on theAMS 2140.

2. Connect the labeled connections to the Input and Output connections onthe Emerson 555.

3. For the model 2130, connect the accelerometer to the analyzer using theD25199 strobe cable. For the AMS 2140, connect the accelerometer tothe analyzer using the D25535 strobe cable.

2.2 Turn on the Emerson 555 strobe

NoteThe Emerson 555 uses the last settings you selected.

Procedure

Press and hold the trigger.

When the Emerson 555 is powered on in Internal (INT) mode, the strobebegins flashing.

2.3 Open the main menu options

1. Press ALT > MENU.

SETUP and the menu option displays.

2. Turn the tuning knob to cycle through the main menu selections.

Option Description

DECPT Set the number of decimal places to none, one, or two.

BLITE Turn the backlight on or off. Backlight: Yes=On, No=Off

INPUT Select positive (rising) or negative (falling) edge for the input signal.

OUTPT Select positive (rising) or negative (falling) edge for the output signal.

BLANK Turn input blanking on or off. Yes=On, No=Off

ACCEL Set the accelerometer sensitivity to 10m V/g or 100m V/g.

ANALZ Select Yes if an analyzer powers the accelerometer. Select No if the strobe powersthe accelerometer.

3. When the desired menu option displays, press MENU to select it. Press anybutton to cancel.

4. Turn the tuning knob to edit the menu options.

5. Press MENU to save your changes. Press any button to cancel.


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6. Press any button other than MENU to exit the main menu.

DONE displays.

2.4 Lock and unlock the trigger

You can lock the trigger in position using the side-locking button.

Procedure

1. To lock the trigger on, hold the strobe in your right hand and press thetrigger as far as it goes.

2. Press the locking button with your thumb and release the trigger.

The trigger is held in place.

3. To unlock the trigger, press the trigger and release.

2.5 Emerson 555 modes

NoteAll modes except the Internal mode require an external input signal, such asfrom an accelerometer.

Internal mode

The Emerson 555 generates its own signals and functions like an adjustablestrobe. Internal mode is the default mode when you turn on theEmerson 555.

The Emerson 555 is in the Internal mode if no sensors are plugged into theinput jack, or when you manually set the mode using INPUT.

External Input mode

The Emerson 555 uses an external input signal to trigger the flash, and thetuning knob on the Emerson 555 has no effect on the flash rate. Use thismode to synchronize the flash to an external event, such as an optical sensor,and to stop or freeze motion. The flash triggers on the rising or falling edge ofthe external input pulse.

The Emerson 555 is in the External Input mode whenever a plug is in theinput jack. EXT displays. In External Input mode, you cannot make anyflash-rate adjustments. The flash rate is a function of the input signal.


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External Delay modes (Phase, Time, and Auto)

The Emerson 555 lets you vary the stopping motion image at any point in thecycle without having to move the trigger source location. You can set whenthe trigger occurs.

Lock mode

The Emerson 555 uses the signal from an accelerometer/input source.

2.6 Internal mode

In the Internal mode, the Emerson 555 generates its own signals andfunctions like an adjustable strobe. Internal mode is the default mode whenyou turn on the Emerson 555.

The Emerson 555 is in the Internal mode when no sensors are plugged intothe input jack, or when you manually set the mode using INPUT.

2.6.1 Change the flash rate

NoteIf you adjust the rate and the next increment exceeds the maximum orminimum flash rate, the display does not increment.

Procedure

Do one of the following:

• With the power on, slowly turn the tuning knob counterclockwise toincrease the flash rate, or clockwise to decrease the flash rate. The tuningknob is sensitive. Each click is equal to 0.01 FPM.

• Quickly turn the tuning knob or use the x2 or ÷2 buttons to change theFPM by larger increments.

2.6.2 Alternate tuning knob functions

The tuning knob functions differently when ALT displays. The current flashrate is used as an adder. The tuning knob adds (counterclockwise) orsubtracts (clockwise) the initial flash rate with each click of the tuning knob.This lets you multiply the initial flash rate by integers up to the maximumflash rate. This is useful on fan blades. This feature superimposes the bladeson top of each other, and checks for blade tracking, bent blades, and leadand lag tests. For example, a 3-blade fan is spinning at 3,600 RPM. TheEmerson 555 is flashing at 3,600 FPM. Press ALT and turn the tuning knobcounterclockwise 2 clicks. The Emerson 555 now flashes at 10,800 FPM


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(3,600 times 3). The fan blades are now all superimposed on each other, andyou can see if the blades are misaligned or bent by viewing the blades fromthe front or side.

2.6.3 Multiply or divide the current flash rate by 2

In addition to the tuning knob, the x2 and ÷2 buttons let you instantly doubleor divide the reading on the display to maximum or minimum values. Use thisfeature for checking harmonics in the Internal flashing mode.

2.6.4 Select a flash rate from a preset

1. Press ALT > MEMORY.

READ displays.

2. Turn the tuning knob to cycle through the preset flash rates.

3. When the desired flash rate displays, press MEMORY to select. Press anyother button to cancel.

DONE displays.

2.6.5 Store the current flash rate in a preset

1. Press ALT > MEMORY.

READ displays.

2. Press MEMORY again.

STORE displays.

3. Turn the tuning knob to cycle through the presets.

4. When the desired preset displays, press MEMORY to store the currentflash rate in the location. Press any other button to cancel.

DONE displays.

2.6.6 Internal phase delay

When the flash rate shows a stopped-motion image, use PHASE DELAY withthe tuning knob to increase or decrease the phase of the reference marklocation. Use PHASE DELAY and the tuning knob to bring the reference mark,such as the key way, into your line of sight.


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2.6.7 Adjust the phase delay

1. Press PHASE DELAY.

PHASE displays on the bottom line and the current flash rate displays onthe top line.

2. Turn the tuning knob to adjust the phase of the reference mark.

3. Press PHASE DELAY again to turn off the phase delay mode.

2.6.8 Internal mode—TACH frequency generator

You can use the Emerson 555 as a frequency generator (outputting TTLpulses) in the Internal mode without having the strobe flash. The pulseoutput still occurs at the flash rate, but the strobe does not flash.

Procedure

1. To stop flashing, press ALT > TACH.

TACH displays.

2. To start flashing, press ALT > TACH.

TACH disappears and the strobe flashes.

2.7 External Input mode

The Emerson 555 is in the External Input mode whenever you insert a pluginto the input jack. The Emerson 555 displays EXT. When the Emerson 555 isin the External Input mode, you cannot make any flash-rate adjustments. Theflash rate is a function of the input signal. Use External Input mode tosynchronize the flash to an external event (for example, from an opticalsensor), and to stop or freeze motion. The flash triggers on the rising orfalling edge of the external input pulse.

2.7.1 Tachometer mode

NoteExternal input is required.

When you attach an external input and you put the Emerson 555 inTachometer mode, the Emerson 555 reads the signal from the external input(sensor) and displays the reading on the LCD display without flashing thelamp. The strobe does not automatically flash in the Tachometer mode.


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2.7.2 Enable Tachometer mode

Press ALT > TACH.

TACH disappears.

2.8 External Delay modes (phase shifting)

Option Description

Phase Delay The flash triggers from 0.1 to 359.9 degrees after each externalsignal pulse. The tuning knob sets the amount of delay in degrees.

Time Delay The flash triggers from .01 to 1000 milliseconds after each externalsignal pulse. The tuning knob sets the amount of delay inmilliseconds.

Auto (Virtual mode) The flash is triggered by increasing amounts after the external triggerpulse so that the image appears to rotate at a given (virtual) RPM orRPS. The tuning knob sets the RPM or RPS.

2.8.1 Enable or disable External Delay mode

Prerequisites

You must have an external input plugged into the Emerson 555.

Procedure

1. To enable External Delay mode, press PHASE DELAY to cycle to thedesired mode.

2. Use the tuning knob to adjust the delay.

3. To disable External Delay mode, press PHASE DELAY to cycle back toExternal only.

PHASE, TIME, or AUTO disappears.

2.9 Lock mode

NoteAn accelerometer input is required.

When the Emerson 555 is in Lock mode, the accelerometer controls the flashrate. Use the Narrow and Wide Bandwidth filters to optimize the Emerson555 to lock onto the vibration signal at any speed. The Wide Bandwidth letsthe Emerson 555 track the signal over speed changes. Use the Wide


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Bandwidth when tracking the fundamental frequency in simple systems.Turn on tracking after the Emerson 555 is in the Wide Bandwidth or NarrowBandwidth lock mode and you have a steady RPM.

Use the tuning knob to adjust the phase of the output and image after theimage is locked, and the Narrow or Wide Bandwidth is optimized for thespeed and/or background noise on the sensor signal. See Chapter 5 foradjusting the Phase Angle control.

Troubleshooting

On machines such as gear drives, reciprocating engines, or any drive withmultiple fundamental frequency excitation, the Emerson 555 may havedifficulty tracking the designated signal due to the tracking filter’s normalbandwidth. If substantial levels of multiple fundamental frequencies orfundamentals with harmonics occur within a selected bandwidth, the shaftreference may appear to oscillate, or drift substantially, when viewed withthe Emerson 555.

If you cannot place the accelerometer on the primary point of interest, afundamental frequency of something other than the primary point of interestmay be predominant. Use the Internal (INT) mode and adjust the flash rate tostop the motion of the primary point of interest, switch the bandwidth toNarrow, and switch to the Lock (LOCK/TRACK) mode. The filter is moresensitive, so it can discriminate the required signal. However, the filter is notable to track over widely varying speed changes, which requires tuning in theInternal (INT) mode.

2.9.1 Enable Lock mode

Prerequisites

• Set the Emerson 555 to Internal mode.

• Connect and mount the accelerometer, which is usually powered by thevibration analyzer and mounted in place. A special cable assembly isavailable for the AMS 2140 and the model 2130 analyzers. Use theD25535 for the AMS 2140, and D25199 for the model 2130.

Procedure

1. Tune the Emerson 555 to set the center frequency of the filters to workwith the accelerometer.

2. Using the Internal mode, adjust the flash rate of the Emerson 555 to stopmotion of the target.

3. Press INPUT until the LOCK is on.

The Emerson 555 now uses the signal from the accelerometer to controlthe flash rate using the Wide Bandwidth filter lock.


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4. Press INPUT again to go into the Narrow Bandwidth filter lock.

The LOCK icon blinks.

2.9.2 Enable or disable filter tracking

The Wide or Narrow Bandpass filter automatically attempts to track the inputRPM. This is useful to see how the vibration changes over a wide RPM range.The filter tracks as long as the RPM does not change too quickly. As RPMschange, the phase of the image changes as the filter tracks.

Procedure

1. To enable filter tracking, press ALT > PHASE DELAY.

The Emerson 555 displays TRACK.

2. To disable filter tracking, press ALT > PHASE DELAY.

The Emerson 555 briefly displays NO TR.

2.10 Restore the factory presets

Press and hold ÷2, and turn on the Emerson 555 by pressing the trigger.

2.11 View the software revision and current settings

Power and hold x2, and then turn on the Emerson 555 by pressing the trigger.

The display turns on for two seconds or until you release the trigger. Thedisplay then shows the software revision, REV x.x.


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3 Measuring RPM

The primary use for the Emerson 555 is to stop motion for diagnosticinspection purposes. However, the strobe is also used to measure speed (inRPM/RPS).

The object you measure must be visible for all 360 degrees of rotation, forexample the end of the shaft. The object also needs a unique part on it, suchas a bolt, key-way, or imperfection to use as a reference point.

If the object is perfectly symmetrical, you need to mark the object with apiece of tape or paint in a single location to use as a reference point. Lookonly at the reference point.

3.1 Flash rates

If the rotation speed is within the range of the Emerson 555 (50,000 FPM),start at the highest flash rate and adjust the flash rate down. At some point,you stop the motion with only a single reference point of the object in view.

NoteAt a flash rate twice the actual speed of the image, you see two images(reference points). As you approach the correct speed you may see three,four, or more images at the harmonics of the actual speed. The first singleimage you see is the true speed. To confirm the true speed, note the readingand adjust the Emerson 555 to exactly half this reading, or press ÷2. Youshould again see a single image, which may be phase shifted with respect tothe first image seen.

For example, when viewing a shaft with a single key-way, you see onestationary image of the key-way at the actual speed and at 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, andcontinuous fractions of the actual speed. Additionally, you see two images ofthe key-way at two times the actual speed, three images of the key-way atthree times and additional images increase as the speed increases. TheFlashes Per Minute (FPM) equal the shaft’s Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) atthe highest flash rate that gives only one stationary image of the key-way.

If the speed is outside the range of the Emerson 555, measure using themethod of harmonics and multipoint calculation. Start at the highest flashrate and adjust the flash rate down. Multiple images appear throughout theprocess. Note the flash rate of the first single image you see and call thisspeed “A.” Continue decreasing the flash rate until you see a second singleimage. Note this speed and call it “B.” Continue decreasing the speed untilyou see a third single image. Note the third image and call it speed “C.”


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From a two-point calculation, the actual speed is given by:

RPM = AB/(A-B)

For a three-point calculation, the actual speed is given by:

RPM = 2XY(X+Y)/(X-Y)2

Where X = (A-B) and Y = (B-C)

If you use a Remote Optical Sensor or Magnetic Sensor to sense one pulse perrevolution (External mode), the readout displays directly in RPM (FPM)without any adjustment required. When possible, shut down the device andinstall a piece of reflective tape. An optical tachometer is easier to use forRPM measurement. Use the Emerson 555 when you cannot shut down thedevice. The human eye is not easily tricked into seeing a stopped image whenthe flash rate is slower than 300 FPM. Strobes are difficult to use for machinesbelow 300 FPM.

Object rotating at 5,000 RPMFigure 3-1:


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4 Balancing and phase measurement


• Balancing and phase measurement setup guidelines

• Collect balance and phase measurement data

• Special considerations and troubleshooting

You can use the Emerson 555 to help perform balancing and phasemeasurement. The Emerson 555 is easy to use because you can take yourmeasurement at any convenient location on the machine, including thehorizontal split line, top or bottom dead center, or the plane of the referencesensor.

NoteNote this reference location, so you can use it in future studies or balancingprocedures.

4.1 Balancing and phase measurement setup guidelines

Balancing and phase measurement requires a data collector or vibrationanalyzer capable of interfacing with the Emerson 555. You must set up thevibration analyzer to obtain and record the phase information supplied by theEmerson 555 and the reference sensor.

Follow the guidelines below to ensure the data collector or analyzer is set upto trigger and read phase properly:

• Set the analyzer to accept an external tachometer trigger signal. TheEmerson 555 provides this signal.

• Set the frequency range for order analysis (10 orders and full scale isrecommended). This ensures the 1X running speed is centered in the 1X(first order) filter, which is important for repeatable phasemeasurements.

• Set the analyzer to display averaged spectrum and phase data (4 or 8averages).

• Set the sensor power to On.

NoteThe sensor provides the signal the Emerson 555 uses as a phase triggersource and is the input to the Emerson 555. The sensor also provides thevibration signal to the data collector or analyzer. The interconnect cable


MHM-97410 25

provides a tee connection to both. The Emerson 555 provides the phasereferenced tachometer signal (output) that is used as an input to the datacollector or analyzer for triggering.

4.2 Collect balance and phase measurement data

Follow the guidelines in Section 4.1 for tuning the Emerson 555 to 1X runningspeed. After the reference mark is “frozen” (as nearly as possible, but slightrotation is acceptable), the flash rate is derived from the vibration sensor.Phase information is valid only when operating in the LOCK/TRACK mode.

Procedure

1. Connect the proper interconnect cable between the Emerson 555 andthe data collector or analyzer using the Input (Up Arrow) and Output(Down Arrow) jacks on the left side of the Emerson 555.

2. Connect the vibration sensor to the Emerson 555 cable. (This may be aseparate cable or an integral cable. Use the D25535 with the AMS 2140and the D25199 cable with the modeI 2130.)

3. Press PHASE DELAY until PHASE shows on the display.

4. Use the tuning knob to position the reference mark to a convenientlocation.

The data collector or analyzer is ready to receive and process the phasedata from the Emerson 555 and sensor.

5. Press the trigger to collect data.

6. Release the trigger on the Emerson 555 when data collection completes.

NoteHold the trigger until the data collector or analyzer finishes processingthe data.

7. Proceed to the next point and repeat the process.

4.3 Special considerations and troubleshooting

For analyzers that do not provide constant power to sensors, use the analyzerto collect data before the phase image is stable enough to be at a referencelocation. Also, you may need to make slight adjustments to the tuning knobbefore each measurement to ensure the reference location is repeated.


26 MHM-97410

If the analyzer does not respond to the phase reference signal supplied by theEmerson 555, the trigger set up in the analyzer may be reversed. Change thesetup from positive (rising) trigger slope to negative (falling), or vice versa,and try again.

When the Emerson 555 is in the Internal (INT) mode and you switch toLOCK/TRACK, the filter in the Emerson 555 tracks slight changes in speed. Ifthe speed changes too much or too fast, the Emerson 555 loses LOCK/TRACKand stops flashing. Switch to Internal (INT) mode and repeat the adjustments.Also, try switching the Narrow and Wide Bandwidth to optimize results. TheWide Bandwidth gives the best tracking results, but the Narrow Bandwidth givesthe best stabilization.

NoteWhen you need repeatable phase measurements, write down the sensorlocations and mounting methods used. Stud mounting or magnetic basemounting is preferred because data collected with hand-held sensors maylead to significant phase differences.


MHM-97410 27

5 Phase analysis


• Set up a phase analysis

• Check for looseness

• Check for imbalance

• Check for alignment

Use the Emerson 555 to measure movement of machine parts, couplings,and machine cases in a machine train. The direction of movement (phase)reveals important information about looseness, imbalance, and alignment.

This section outlines the steps and uses of the Emerson 555 that ensureaccurate measurements. It is not a comprehensive review of themeasurements.

NoteYou do not need a data collector or analyzer for phase analysis. You need topower the vibration sensor or use a self-generating velocity sensor to powerthe Emerson 555.

5.1 Set up a phase analysis

Prerequisites

• Use a magnetic mounting base on the reference sensor.

• Use a sensor cable long enough for your application so you have somedistance from the strobe.

Procedure

1. Set the Emerson 555 on a tripod.

2. Connect the vibration sensor to the Emerson 555 using a power source, adata collector, or vibration analyzer.

3. Mount the vibration sensor on a bearing housing in the vertical direction.

4. Aim the Emerson 555 at the selected reference mark, and turn on theEmerson 555.

5. Adjust the flash rate to the running speed, and set the Emerson 555 tothe LOCK mode.

6. Using the tuning knob, position the reference mark to the 12 o’clockposition.


28 MHM-97410

NoteDo not move the Emerson 555 between measurements.

Postrequisites

After you set up the phase analysis, you can check for looseness, imbalance,and alignment issues.

5.2 Check for looseness

Keeping the vibration sensor in the vertical direction, move the vibrationsensor from the foundation, to the base plate, to a foot, to an area above anysplit line, and to the bearing cap. Note the phase at each of these locations.

The reference mark should stay at the 12 o’clock position for each of thesemeasurements. Changes in the phase (probably to 6 o’clock) at any of thesemeasurement points indicates looseness at the mechanical joint.

5.3 Check for imbalance

If there is significant imbalance and you move the vibration sensor from thevertical position on the bearing to another radial position, the reference markmoves to the new position. The reference mark follows the vibration sensoraround the clock only if imbalance causes the once-per-turn vibration.

5.4 Check for alignment

Move the vibration sensor to each end of the machine in a train to check foralignment. Position the vibration sensor axially at these locations for thesemeasurements. Note the phase for each measurement location.

As you move the vibration sensor to each location, the direction changesfrom north to south. For example, when it changes direction, phase shiftsfrom 12 o’clock to 6 o’clock.

If you move across a coupling and phase does not change as expected,misalignment may be the cause.


MHM-97410 29

6 Motion studies

The Emerson 555 helps you determine how a mechanical support or a pipingsystem moves. You can find points of maximum and minimum motion. Thisis important if you install a new pipe hanger or add a brace to dampen avibration condition.

6.1 Test the movement of a mechanical support or a pipingsystem

NoteDo not move the Emerson 555, just move the reference sensor. Do notchange the tuning knob after the initial reference is set.

Prerequisites

• Use a magnetic mounting base on the reference sensor.

• Use a sensor cable long enough for your application so you have somedistance from the strobe.

Procedure

1. Set the Emerson 555 on a tripod.

2. Connect the vibration sensor to the Emerson 555 using a power source, adata collector, or a vibration analyzer.

3. Mount the vibration sensor on a bearing housing in the vertical direction.

4. Aim the Emerson 555 at the selected reference mark, and turn on theEmerson 555.

5. Adjust the flash rate to running speed, and set the Emerson 555 to theLOCK mode.

6. Using the tuning knob, position the reference mark to the 12 o’clockposition.

7. Mark off the piping system in intervals and note the location of supportsor hangers. For example, you could use 6-foot intervals.

8. Draw a simple diagram on paper.

9. Starting at the machine end, adjust the Emerson 555 to running speed,and use the clock-face method to note the phase reading. For reference,adjust the phase marker to the 12 o’clock position.

10. Move the vibration sensor to each location, and note the phase reading ateach location.


30 MHM-97410

The phase marking should “walk” around the clock face as you move thesensor. Each time the marking is at or near 12 o’clock, the motion is at ornear the maximum and is in phase with the reference point. Each timethe marking is at or near 6 o’clock, the motion is at or near the maximumin the opposite direction and is out of phase with the reference point.


MHM-97410 31

7 Lamp


• Replace the lamp

• Fuse

7.1 Replace the lamp

WARNING!

Before you remove the lamp, turn off the Emerson 555 and disconnect thebattery charger and all cables from the Emerson 555. Allow the lamp to coolfor at least five minutes.

The Emerson 555 is designed to discharge the internal high voltages within30 seconds. However, use caution when replacing the lamp.

You do not need to remove any screws to replace to the lamp.

Procedure

1. Push apart the two tabs on the side of the reflector housing and removethe front lens.

2. Use a small, flat screwdriver to pry one tab and lift the lens.

NoteDo not pry the tab any more than necessary. The front lens holds thereflector in place and may come loose, but it is not necessary to removethe reflector.

3. With a cloth between your forefinger and thumb, hold the lamp and rockit back and forth gently while pulling out.

WARNING!

Do not rotate the lamp because it is socketed and pulls out easily. Do nottouch the lamp with bare fingers.

4. Hold the new lamp with a lint-free cloth and match up the red dot on thelamp plug with the red dot on the socket.


32 MHM-97410

The lamps are polarized and must be put into the socket matchingpolarity.

5. Gently rock the lamp back and forth while pushing into place. Ensure thelamp is straight and centered in the reflector hole.

CAUTION!

Do not allow the reflector to contact the lamp.

Lamp replacement diagramFigure 7-1:

6. Reinstall the reflector and position the front lens in place, and match upthe notches on the lens with the two small tabs on the housing to preventlens rotation.

7. Push the tabs on the front rim outward and press the lens into place.

7.2 Fuse

Under normal operating conditions, the fuse within the Emerson 555 shouldnot blow. Examples of abnormal operating conditions would be foreignmaterials entering the strobe, including water, pulp, or ink.

The Emerson 555 has a resettable fuse that resets once conditions return tonormal.


MHM-97410 33

8 Specifications


• Usage specifications

• Declaration of conformity

Internal mode

Flash range 30–50,000 FPM

Flash rate accuracy 0.004% of setting or ± last digit

Flash rate resolution 0.01–1 FPM, 0.1 FPM max resolution above 9,999.99 FPM

Display update rate Instantaneous

External mode

Flash range and display Same as Internal mode. External flash rates to 0 are acceptable.

Tachometer measurement 5–250,000 RPM accuracy ± last digit

Display update rate <11 µ sec

Phase delay • Phase: 0.1–359.9 degrees• Time: 0.01–1000 ms• Auto: 0–200 VRPM (Virtual RPM)• External Input TTL Compatible (24V pk max), 500 ns minimum

pulse width, positive (rising) or negative (falling) edgetriggered

Tracking (accelerometer) mode

Flash range 100–50,000 FPM

Tachometer measurement 100–500 RPM: accuracy ± 1 RPM

Display update rate 0.5 seconds typical

Trigger to flash delay <11µ sec• Phase delay: 0.1–359.9 degrees• Time: 0.01–1000 ms• Auto: 0–200 VRPM

Tracking filter Wide and Narrow Bandwidths. The filter may not lock below 100FPM.

External input 10–100 m V/g accelerometer sensitivity. Positive (rising) ornegative (falling) edge triggered.

Accelerometer power 18 VDC; 10% @ 2mA; On = Yes, Off = No


34 MHM-97410

General

Time base Ultra Stable Crystal Oscillator

Display LCD display with 6 numeric, 0.506 inches [12.85mm] high digitsand 5 alphanumeric 0.282 inches [7.17 mm] high digits

Indicator icons Battery level, On Target, TIME, AUTO, ALT, TACH, LOCK, and EXT

Tuning knob adjustment Digital rotary switch with 36 dents per revolution; velocitysensitive

Memory Last setting before powering down is stored and used on nextpower up; 9 user presets for flash rates

Output pulse 40 µsec positive/negative pulse, 3.3 VDC is typical

Input power Internal rechargeable batteries; 6 VDC External AC charger(115–230 VAC)

Flash duration 10–25 µsec (auto adjust with flash rate)

Flash lamp 100 million flashes

Run time 2 hours at 1,800 FPM and over 1 hour at 6,000 FPM with fullycharged batteries

Charge time 4–5 hours typical

Weight 1.875 lbs. [0.8505 kg] including batteries

8.1 Usage specifications

This product is designed to be safe for indoor use under the followingconditions per IEC61010-1:

Temperature

Operating temperature 31°–104° F [0°–40° C]

Humidity max Maximum relative humidity is 80 percent for temperature up to 88°F [31° C], decreasing linearly to 50 percent relative humidity at 104°F [40° C]

NoteSafety thermal features set the strobe into TACH mode (stops flashing) in theevent of internal overheating.


MHM-97410 35

8.2 Declaration of conformity


36 MHM-97410


MHM-97410 37

Index

A

ACCEL 15

alignment 29

ALT key 5, 7

alternate tuning knob functions 17

analyzer

connect to 13

ANALZ 15

ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

conventions 4

AUTO 5

Auto (Virtual mode) 20

B

balance and phase data 25, 26

Bandwidth

Narrow 20, 21

Wide 20, 21

battery

charge 8

icon 5, 9

maintain 9

overview 8

remove and dispose 4, 9

type 8

BLANK 15

BLITE 15

C

collect balance and phase data 26

D

daisy-chain strobes 10, 11

declaration of conformity 36

DECPT 15

Display key 7

display screen 5

E

Emerson 555

display 5

keys 7

main menu 15

modes 16, 17

overview 3

signals 3

turn on strobe 15

voltages 4

EXT 5, 16, 17, 19

External Delay mode 16, 17, 20

External Input mode 16, 17, 19

F

factory presets 22

filter tracking 22

flash rate

change 17, 18

input signal 19

overview 23

precaution 4

RPM 23

select from preset 18

store in a preset 18

fuse 33

H

humidity 35

I

imbalance 29

INPUT 15

input connection 10, 11

Input key 7

Internal mode 16, 17, 19

Internal Phase Delay 18

L

lamp 32


38 MHM-97410

LOCK 5

Lock mode 16, 17, 20, 21

lock or unlock the trigger 16

looseness 29

low battery icon 9

M

main menu 15

maintaining the battery 9

measure RPM 23

mechanical support

test movement 30

modes 16, 17

motion studies 30

mounting 8

N

Narrow Bandwidth 3, 20, 21, 26

O

OUTPT 15

output connection 10, 12

P

phase analysis 28, 29

Phase Delay

adjust 19

External Delay mode 20

key 7

phase shifting 20

piping system

test movement 30

power on strobe 15

precautions 4

R

replace the lamp 32

restore factory presets 22

RPM 23

S

safeguards 4

screen display 5

software revision 22

specifications 34, 35

T

TACH 5

tach frequency generator 19

Tachometer mode 19, 20

technical support 5

temperature limits 35

Time Delay 20

trigger

lock or unlock 16

TTL pulses 19

tuning knob

alternate functions 17

change flash rate 17

turn on strobe 15

U

usage specifications 35

V

ventilation holes 4

vibration analyzer

connect to 13

view software revision 22

voltages 4

W

Wide Bandwidth 3, 20, 21, 26

X

x2 key 7, 22


MHM-97410 39

User GuideMHM-97410, rev. 5

August 2018

Emerson835 Innovation DriveKnoxville, TN 37932 USAT +1 865-675-2400F +1 865-218-1401www.Emerson.com

©2018, Emerson.The contents of this publication are presented forinformational purposes only, and while every efforthas been made to ensure their accuracy, they arenot to be construed as warranties or guarantees,express or implied, regarding the products orservices described herein or their use orapplicability. All sales are governed by our termsand conditions, which are available on request. Wereserve the right to modify or improve the designsor specifications of our products at any timewithout notice.All rights reserved. The Emerson logo is atrademark and service mark of Emerson Electric Co.All other marks are property of their respectiveowners.

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