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Emergencies Noun clauses with if or whether

9:30 - 9:40 Ice Breaker

• What was the best thing that happened this last week? • What was the worst thing that happened this last week?

If you’re like the average person, you spend time planning your day. This includes planning who will pick up the kids, planning enough time to go to and from work, or even planning what to eat for dinner. How often do you plan an emergency in your schedule? Emergencies can interrupt our schedules and may even alter our lives forever. For example, you don’t expect to be pulled over by a police officer when you have a burned-out head light or tail light. And, you certainly don’t expect to be hit by another car! What are you to do in these situations? This lesson will teach what to do when you have an automobile accident.

9:40-10:00 Vocabulary and Conversation

• average: can be used as another word for more than half. • emergency: an unexpected situation that requires immediate action. • alter: to change or make different. • pulled over: the situation that occurs when an officer flashes his lights behind you

when driving. Therefore, you drive your car off the road on the right side in a safe location.

• groggy: unsteady, dazed; some people are groggy when they first wake up • shaken up: to be disturbed or agitated after an emergency, for example.

Conversation: A car accident is one type of emergency that doesn’t happen very often, so it is easy to forget what action we should take. (Tutors might want to bring in their vehicle registration to show students.)

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Barb: Hi Patty, are you okay?

Patty: Well, Barb, I’m a little shaken up. I was in a car accident earlier.

Barb: Was anyone hurt?

Patty: No. Thank God. But it was stressful, and there were many decisions I had to make very fast. I wasn’t sure if I should call the police or move my car. And I didn’t know if it was safe to drive home.

Barb: I know. The first thing to do after an accident is to ask if everyone is okay. If anyone seems groggy or unsure of his or her response, call 9-1-1. Did you move your car?

Patty: Yeah, because the damage was minor. And the accident was straightforward, so we moved our cars to the shoulder of the road.

Barb: Yes, but if there had been any injuries, questions about the safety of driving the car, or who was at fault, you should leave your cars where they are – not move them. No one wants to cause a traffic jam! But sometimes you can’t avoid it.

Patty: While we were waiting for the police to arrive, I exchanged contact and insurance information with the other driver, for example:

• My name and contact information • Insurance information • License plate number • Vehicle registration • Type, color and model of vehicle • Location of accident • Full names and phone numbers of any witnesses

Barb: Do you have to call the police every time there’s a car accident?

Patty: Yes, it’s important to call the police so that they can write a police report with the facts of the accident. Also, don’t talk about who is at fault. Only speak with the police about the details of the accident.

Barb: Well, I’m glad you’re okay.

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Patty: Thanks. I’m going home to relax.

Barb: Drive carefully!

10:00-10:25 Discussion Here are some questions about emergencies. Discuss them together as a group. It’s not necessary to discuss all the questions; choose the ones that are most interesting to you.

1. Have you ever been pulled over by a police officer? If so, what happened?

2. Have you ever been stopped by the police for having a burned-out headlight or taillight?

3. What are some things that police officers do?

4. Have you ever bribed a policeman in your country after he pulled you over? Is it common for

traffic cops to accept bribes?

5. Have you ever been in an emergency situation? What happened? How did you feel?

6. What advice would you give someone if they were in an automobile accident?

7. What is 9-1-1? Ask someone in the group to explain it if you’re not sure.

8. Does your home country have a number to call in case of an emergency? What is it?

9. What are some ways to stay safe while driving a car?

10. Have you ever driven a car in a foreign country? If yes, which side of the road did they drive

on? Were the road signs different?

11. Is drunk driving a problem in your country? What kind of laws does your country have about

drunk driving?

12. Who taught you to drive? How long did it take you to learn to drive?

13. What is the longest trip you have ever taken by car?

14. How do American drivers compare to drivers in your country?

15. What are the speed limits in your country?

16. On what occasions do you honk your car horn? Is it acceptable to honk in your country?

17. Do you have a GPS (Global Position System)? What are the advantages and disadvantages

of having a GPS?

18. Does the type of car a person drives tell us about the person who drives it?

19. Is road side assistance common in your country?

20. According to insurance statistics women are better driver than men. Do you agree

10:25 - 10:40 Grammar: Noun clauses that begin with If or Whether

Yes/No Question Noun Clause When a yes/no question is

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Should I call the police? I wasn’t sure if I should call the police.

changed to a noun clause, if is usually used to introduce the clause.

Is it safe to drive home? I didn’t know if it was safe to drive home.

I wonder if there’s any damage to my car or not.

When if introduces a noun clause, the expression or not sometimes comes at the end of the clause.

I wonder whether there’s any damage to my car (or not).

Whether has the same meaning as if.

Change the yes/no questions to noun clauses. Yes/No Question: Is my car registration in the glove box? Noun clause: Can you tell me if/whether my car registration is in the glove box? ___ Yes/No Question: Will the police arrive soon? Noun clause: Do you know ________________________________________________________________________

Yes/No Question: Was the other driver wearing his seat belt? Noun clause: I wonder ____________________________________________________________________________

Yes/No Question: Should I drive my car to the shoulder of the road or leave it where it is? Noun clause: I’m not sure ________________________________________________________________________ Yes/No Question: Do you have the other driver’s contact information and insurance? Noun clause: Can you confirm __________________________________________________________________

Complete the noun clause in each conversation. Use if to introduce the noun clause.

1. A: Are you all right? B: Why do you want to know ________________________ all right?

A: You look shaken up. I’m worried about you.

2. A: Are my vehicle registration and insurance card in the glove box? B: Why are you asking me? How am I supposed to know _________________________________ in the glove box? A: Because you were the last person to drive the car.

3. A: Does your car have a GPS?

B: What is that?

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A: I want to know ___________________________________________________________________________

4. A: Did you get the name of the other driver’s insurance company? B: Sorry. I wasn’t listening. I’m a little nervous after the accident. A: Did you talk to the other driver? We need to find out ___________________________________.

10:40-11:00 Bible Study John the Baptist Mark 1:1-8

1 Here begins the wonderful story of Jesus the Messiah, the Son of God.

2 In the book written by the prophet Isaiah, God announced that he would send his Son to earth, and that a special messenger would arrive first to prepare the world for his coming.

3 “This messenger will live out in the barren wilderness,” Isaiah said, “and will proclaim that everyone must straighten out his life to be ready for the Lord’s arrival.”*

4 This messenger was John the Baptist. He lived in the wilderness and taught that all should be baptized as a public announcement of their decision to turn their backs on sin, so that God could forgive them. 5 People from Jerusalem and from all over Judea traveled out into the Judean wastelands to see and hear John, and when they confessed their sins, he baptized them in the Jordan River. 6 His clothes were woven from camel’s hair and he wore a leather belt; locusts and wild honey were his food. 7 Here is a sample of his preaching:

“Someone is coming soon who is far greater than I am, so much greater that I am not even worthy to be his slave. 8 I baptize you with water but he will baptize you with God’s Holy Spirit!”*

The Word You May Not Know:

Wonderful story= Jesus will come to this earth to save us from our sins; prophet= a person who speaks for God; Isaiah= prophet; messenger= a person who delivers the news by spoken and written form; straighten out his life= prepare the right way of living for the Lord; Lord=God; baptize= an important Christian practice where a person is immersed in water; sin= wrong actions and thoughts against God; forgive= you are free from the judgment of God; wasteland=very dry place, nothing will grow and live; confess= I admit that I am a sinner; camel’s hair= camels’ skin leather; locust= an edible insect; slave=forced to work with no pay or rights; Holy Spirit= the Spirit of God who guides us in the right way of God.

Questions from Mark 1:1-8

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1. Who is John the Baptist? (v.4, v.6) 2. What did John the Baptist tell people (you) to do? (v.4) 3. What happened after John the Baptist told the people to repent? (v.5) 4. 3 “This messenger will live out in the barren wilderness,” Isaiah said, “and will proclaim that

everyone must straighten out his life to be ready for the Lord’s arrival.” Who is this messenger foretold by Isaiah? What does this mean that “everyone must straighten out his life”? (v. 3)

5. Who does John the Baptist tell us that the greatest One who comes after him? (v. 7-8) 6. What should you also do after hearing the message of John the Baptist?

バプテスマのヨハネ マルコ１章１-８節

１神の子イエス・キリストのすばらしい福音（救いの知らせ）の始まりは、こうです。２神 が地上にご自分のひとり子を遣わされることと、彼を迎える準備のために特別な使者を送られることとは、預言者イザヤがずっと以前に告げていました。３ 「この使者は、不毛の荒野に住み、すべての人に呼びかける。 『生活を正せ。 主をお迎えする準備をせよ』」と、（イザヤ４０：３）と。

４ この使者とは、バプテスマのヨハネのことです。 彼は荒野に住み、人々にこう教えました。 「罪を赦（ゆる）し ていただくために、悔い改めて神に立ち返りなさい。 そして、そのしるしにバプテスマ（洗礼）を受けるのです。」 ５このヨハネのことばを聞こうと、エルサレムばかりか、ユダヤ全国からおびただしい数の人たちが詰めかけ、次々と今までの自分の悪い思いや行ないを神に告 白しました。 ヨハネはそういう人たちに、ヨルダン川でバプテスマを授けていたのです。６らくだの毛で織った着物に、皮の帯、いなごとはち蜜が常食という生活を送りなが ら、 ７彼は次のように宣（の）べ伝えました。 「私よりもはるかにすばらしい方が、もうすぐおいでになります。 私など、その方のしもべとなる価値もありません。 ８私はあなたがたに水でバプテスマを授けていますが、その方は聖霊様によってバプテスマをお授けになります。」

聖書のことばの意味

すばらしい福音（よき知らせ）＝イエスキリストがこの地上に来られ、私たちの罪を赦してくださるというすばらしいメッセージ。ひとり子＝神の子イエスキリスト。使者＝口答もしくは、書き物によって神からのメッセージを語る人。預言者＝神の代わりに話す人。イザヤ＝紀元前７０３年頃に存在した預言者。罪＝悪いおこない、心の中で思う悪いことも入る。赦（ゆる）し＝自分の罪を後悔し、その赦しをキリストに求めるとき頂ける赦しの約束。バプテスマ（洗礼）＝イエスを信じたあとに受ける儀式（洗礼）告白＝自分に罪があることを告白する。ヨルダン川＝イスラエルにある川。らくだの毛＝らくだの毛皮で作ったきもの。いなご＝食べられる昆虫。はち蜜＝自然の中にある蜜。聖霊＝神の霊、この霊が私たちを正しい方向へ導いてくださる。

質問に答えてみましょう。

１． バプテスマのヨハネってだれ？（４節、６節） ２． バプテスマのヨハネは、何をすることが必要と私たちに語っていますか？（４節） ３． 「悔い改めなさい！」とヨハネが言ったと時何が起こりましたか？（５節）

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４． ３ 「この使者は、不毛の荒野に住み、すべての人に呼びかける。 『生活を正せ。 主をお迎えする準備をせよ』」（イザヤ４０：３）と。このことを語った者とはだれでしょう？主をお迎えする準備をせよとはどういう意味でしょうか？（３節）

５． バプテスマのヨハネの後に来るお方は、どのように素晴らしいお方だと、彼は伝えていますか？（７節）

６． バプテスマのヨハネの話しを聞いて、あなたは何をすべきだと感じましたか？