Elian Wolfram

Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones

(LASER RESEARCH CENTER AND APPLICATIONS ) (CITEDEF-CONICET)

Buenos Aires - Argentina

Staff of Lidar Division of CEILAP

Dr. Eduardo J. Quel /CITEDEF Dr. Elian Wolfram /CITEDEF-CONICET Dra. Lidia Otero /CITEDEF -CONICET Dr. Pablo Ristori /CITEDEF Ing. Marcelo Raponi/CITEDEF -PhD Sdt Ing. Jacobo Salvador/CITEDEF - PhD Std Ing. Juan Pallota/CITEDEF /PhD Std Ing. Ezequiel Pawelko /CITEDEF /PhD Std Geof. Gabriela Nicora/CITEDEF Fellow

Lic. Facundo Orte/ANCYPT Fellow Tec. Daniela Bulnes/CITEDEF Est. Carla Repetto/UTN Fellow Tec. E. Martorella/CITEDEF Tec. Raúl D´Elía /CONICET Ing. J. C. Dworniczak/CITEDEF Ing. Francisco González/CITEDEF Tec. Osvaldo Vilar/CITEDEF

Staff of Lidar Division of CEILAP

Dr. Eduardo J. Quel /CITEDEF Dr. Elian Wolfram /CITEDEF-CONICET Dra. Lidia Otero /CITEDEF -CONICET Dr. Pablo Ristori /CITEDEF Ing. Marcelo Raponi/CITEDEF -PhD Sdt Ing. Jacobo Salvador/CITEDEF - PhD Std Ing. Juan Pallota/CITEDEF /PhD Std Ing. Ezequiel Pawelko /CITEDEF /PhD Std Geof. Gabriela Nicora/CITEDEF Fellow

Lic. Facundo Orte/ANCYPT Fellow Tec. Daniela Bulnes/CITEDEF Est. Carla Repetto/UTN Fellow Tec. E. Martorella/CITEDEF Tec. Raúl D´Elía /CONICET Ing. J. C. Dworniczak/CITEDEF Ing. Francisco González/CITEDEF Tec. Osvaldo Vilar/CITEDEF

Peoples involved in Ozone Studies from Argentine Side French Partners

Dr. Sophie Godin-Beekman LATMOS/IPSL/CNRS Dr. Florance Goutail LATMOS/UVSQ/CNRS Dr. Andrea Pazmiño LATMOS/UVSQ/CNRS Ing. Jacques Porteneuve (retired)

Two Remote SensingSites

Province of Santa Cruz, Argentine Patagonia.

Lat: 51º 36’ S, Lon: 69º 19’ W.

Military Air Force Base, Río Gallegos - Fuerza Aérea Argentina (FFAA)

Río Gallegos Site (CEILAP-RG)

Instrumental Capabilities

Altitude= ct/2

Aerosol

Mie Scattering

Rayleigh Scattering

Backscatter radiation

Reception(Telescope)

Emission(laser)

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

Lidar Signal

Alt

itu d

e

Back Scattering signal

Principle of LIDAR measurement

Ligth Detection And Ranging

Our measurements:•Clean Night Condition•2-3 hs integration time

Quantel 980 Nd-YAG Laser• Emitted wavelength 1.06 m, 532 nm, 355 nm• Emitted energy ~40 mJ/pulse (max. 130 mJ/pulse) @355• Repetition rate 30 Hz (max. 30 Hz)• Divergence 0.6 mrad

Lambda Physik LSX 210i Excimer laser (XeCl) Emitted wavelength 308 nm Emitted energy ~200 mJ/pulse (max. 300 mJ/pulse) Repetition rate 30 Hz (max. 100 Hz) Divergence 0.4 mrad

Mechanical Chopper

Fiber Optics

Entrance Slit

308 nm

387nm

355 nm

347 nm332 nm

Holographic Grating 3600 gr/mm Dispersion 0.3 nm/mm Spectral bandwidth 1 nm Transmittance @ 300 nm 40 %

• 6 Independent channels processing, stock of signals• Discriminators 1/channel• High speed counters 300 MHz 1024 time gates of 1 s (150 m)• Max. count rate 40-60 counts/ s • Chopper yes/not (trigger -> quartz crystal)• On-line visualization: signals, slopes, profile & total O3

Acquisition

6 PMTs Hamamatsu

• Gated photomultipliers for 308, 355 nm

•Low dark current,

• adapted for photo counting

Little History of RG Site Events

2004Jun 2005Aug 2005-Dec 2006Sep 2007

DIAL Ozo

ne In

stru

men

t

Ready

to m

easu

re

Tran

spor

tatio

n

Of Ins

trum

ent

to

Rio G

alle

gos

Site

SOLA

R Cam

paig

nSt

art w

ith

UVO3P

atag

onia

Proj

ect

Dec 2008Ad

mission

of D

IAL

Ozone

Inst

. To

NDACC

Networ

k

Firs

t Ozo

ne S

onde

Campa

ign

in R

ío G

alle

gos

Mar 2010Mar 2011

2nd

Ozone

Son

de

Campa

ign

Statistics of Stratospheric Ozone MeasurementsN

um

ber

of

Sam

ple

sN

um

ber

of

Sam

ple

s

Admitted on Dec 2008

Lidar-ECC Sonde Comparison

Comparison of averaged ozone profiles obtained from 5 quasi coincident ECC sondes (dotted line) and averaged lidar ozone profile (white line). The shadow area correspond to +/- 1s of lidar measurements and horizontal line correspond to +/- 1s of sondes.

New differential absorption lidar for stratospheric ozone monitoring in Patagonia, South ArgentinaE A Wolfram et al 2008 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 10 104021 (7pp)   doi: 10.1088/1464-4258/10/10/104021 

Argentina – Chile collaboration3 sondes launched in Río Gallegos site, collocated withDIAL during first week of March

Argentina – Chile collaboration3 sondes launched during the night in Río Gallegos site, collocated withDIAL during 2nd week of March 2011

OZone profIle aT RíO GallegoS

Validación de Satélites GOMOS -Rio Gallegos

Collocation criteria: Measurements within 800 km

and < 24 h Global validation of ENVISAT ozone profiles using lidar measurements J.A.E. Van Gijsel., D.P.J. Swart., J.-L. Baray, H. Claude, T. Fehr, P. Von Der Gathen.,

S. Godin-Beekmann., G.H. Hansen ., T. Leblanc, I.S. Mcdermid, Y.M. Meijer, H. Nakane, E.J. Quel, W. Steinbrecht, K.B. Strawbridge, B. Tatarov.And E.A. Wolfram. Special Issue on the Montreal Protocol in the International Journal of Remote Sensing 30, (15-16):3987-3994, 2009.

Time Evolution of Total Ozone in Río Gallegos (2009)

Study case 1(October 3 and 4)

Prolonged O3 Reduction Extreme Event (November 2009)

Study Case 1 of Ozone Hole overpass in RG Site during 2009

OMI/AURA

Oct 22009

Oct 42009

Oct 62009

Time Evolution of Total Ozone in Río Gallegos (2009)

Prolonged O3 Reduction Extreme Event (November 2009)

Study Case 2 Extreme PersistOzone Hole over Río Gallegos 2009

2009 daily evolution of total ozone column for Río Gallegos measured with Brewer 124 spectrophotometer (blue open circles) and SAOZ spectrometer (black open diamonts), and OMI satellite measurement (red line).

UV Increase Produced by Ozone Reduction

To

tal

Ozo

ne

(DU

)

Intensive Measurement Period 2006

August September October November DecemberMeasurement 34

Altit

ude

(km

)

Tota

l Ozo

ne (D

U)

Ozone Number Density [molec/cm3]

Intensive Measurement Period 2006

August September October November December

34 Lidar Measurements~4 hs average time each one

140 hrs. acquisition~15 million laser shots

Anomaly

Pyranometer

RadiometerGUV 541 UV-B Radiometer

UV-A Radiometer

Río Gallegos Site

UV Index at Río Gallegos

Period: August 1, 2005 – October 31 2006

Data Level 1.5

New Capability of Temperature Lidar Profile in RG SiteComparison Lidar with HIRDLS/AURA-NASA

Mean ± 1σ dev HIRDLS

Error bars are plus and minus 1σ dev

ΔS < 500 Km

ΔT ± 12 Hs

N = 94 Measurements

Temperature Profiles Without Correction by Aerosols using Lidar Rayleigh

Temperature Profiles With Correction by Aerosols using Lidar Rayleigh

1 Km Resolution HIRDLS

Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral(Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia)

Visit of Cristina FernandezMarch 2011, Inauguration MM-Wave RadiometerNagoya University

Recent Publication –Congress Communications

Journals – Proccedings

-Global validation of ENVISAT ozone profiles using lidar measurementsJ.A.E. Van Gijsel., D.P.J. Swart., J.-L. Baray, H. Claude, T. Fehr, P. Von Der Gathen., S. Godin-Beekmann., G.H. Hansen ., T. Leblanc, I.S. Mcdermid, Y.M. Meijer, H. Nakane, E.J. Quel, W. Steinbrecht, K.B. Strawbridge, B. Tatarov.And E.A. Wolfram. Special Issue on the Montreal Protocol in the International Journal of Remote Sensing 30, (15-16):3987-3994, 2009. -GOMOS ozone profile validation using ground-based and balloon sonde measurementsJ. A. E. van Gijsel, D. P. J. Swart, J.-L. Baray, H. Bencherif, H. Claude, T. Fehr, S. Godin-Beekmann, G. H. Hansen, P. Keckhut, T. Leblanc, I. S. McDermid, Y. J. Meijer, H. Nakane, E. J. Quel, K. Stebel, W. Steinbrecht, K. B. Strawbridge, B. I. Tatarov, and E. A. WolframAtmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 8515–8551, 2010. www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/8515/2010/ Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Received: 31 January 2010 – Accepted: 21 March 2010 – Published: 1 April 2010 -Extreme sunbathing: Three weeks of small total O3 columns and high UV radiation over the southern tip of South America during the 2009 Antarctic O3 hole seasonde Laat, A. T. J., R. J. van der A, M. A. F. Allaart, M. van Weele, G. C. Benitez, C. Casiccia, N. M. Paes Leme, E. Quel, J. Salvador, and E. Wolfram (2010), Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14805, doi:10.1029/2010GL043699 -Climatology Of Stratospheric Ozone Profiles In Río Gallegos, ArgentinaWolfram, Elian; Salvador, Jacobo; D´Elía, Raúl; Godin-Beekmann, Sophie; Quel, Eduardo. Proceedings Of The 25th International Laser Radar Conference (Ilrc 2010), Vol.Ii, Pp.995-998.  -Rayleigh lidar temperature profiles between 15-60 km during SOLAR campaign in Río Gallegos (51º55´s, 69º14´w), Argentina: methodology and resultsSalvador, Jacobo; Wolfram, Elian; D´Elía, Raúl; Godin-Beekman, Sophie; Quel, Eduardo. Proceedings of the 25th International Laser Radar Conference (ILRC 2010), Vol.II, pp.999-1002

Argentina-France Collaboration in Ozone Topics

-Container (2002)-Electronic (2003)-Construction - Inversion Algorithm- SAOZ instrument (2008) -Data Interpretation -Use of MIMOSA and MIMOSA-CHIM Models-PICS project UVO3Clim- Patagonie (2009-2011)

Summary

The Atmospheric Observatory of Southern Patagonia is operative

In December 2008, the Ozone DIAL joined to NDACC. Also in September 2009, SAOZ radiometer was admitted as NDACC instrument

During days with vortex proximity, strong reductions of vertical ozone number density were observed. Depletions of 40 - 50% were measured in vertical profiles associated to ozone hole

The preliminary analysis of ozone profiles show that the biggest impact of polar vortex over vertical ozone distribution in Río Gallegos is in the middle stratosphere, between 23-33 km

Outlook

Study of stratospheric ozone depletion in the context of ozone recovery and climate change:

• Statistical analysis of temporal evolution of vortex overpasses over Southern Argentina in relation with climate indices and impact on UV radiation

• Evaluation of satellite observations using ozone vertical distribution measurements (lidar) and total ozone measurements (SAOZ, Brewer)

• Evaluation of Chemistry Transport Model long term simulations (e.g. Reprobus and SLIMCAT models) and Chemistry Climate Model simulations (CCMVAL II results) with respect to observations and statistical analyses.

• Collaboration with teams working on Antarctic surface climate??

Acknowledgements

JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency)

Lidar Division Team NIES (Japan) LATMOS-IPSL/CNRS and French Team

ewolfram@citedef.gov.arewolfram@gmail.com

www.division-lidar.com.arwww.uvo3patagonia.com.ar

Use of Laser as radiation source of remote sensing instruments

CEILAP Lidar Division’s Capabilities

LIDARInstrument Development

Gases MeasurementWater Vapor

Stratospheric Ozone

Monitoring of Atmospheric Phenomena and Pollution

•Urban Pollution•Biomass Burning•Volcanic Ash

Atmospheric Aerosols

Monitoring of trace gases-Mean Latitudes Ozone Reduction-Ozone Hole Measurements

•SOLAR Campaign•UVO3Patagonia ProjectPassive Remote

Sensing

•UV-Vis Radiation Measurements•Aerosol Optical Thickness (AERONET)•Total Columns of O3 y NO2 (SAOZ)

Summary

The stronger impact of ozone hole in surface UV radiation was

observed during ozone hole dilution

Also, overpass of poor ozone air masses over Rio Gallegos have

high impact on UVI during summer

Cloud cover modulate strongly the surface UV radiation, producing

attenuation of 50% and increment of 20% in UVI (cloud border)