MIDWEST BEEF COW HERD MANAGEMENT By David R. Hawkins Michigan State University.
Elements to consider for proper support of low-income beef farmers to achieve herd productivity and...
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Transcript of Elements to consider for proper support of low-income beef farmers to achieve herd productivity and...
ELEMENTS TO CONSIDER FOR PROPER SUPPORT OF LOW-INCOME BEEF FARMERS TO ACHIEVE HERD
PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFIT
Baldwin Nengovhela
[email protected] October, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Introduction: South Africa Beef Industry
IntroductionTypical Performance
Traits Developing
Sector
Commercial Stud or elite
Calving rate %
40 65 85
Pre weaning mortality %
50 2 2
Post weaning mortality %
15 2 2
Market price %
50 100 >130%
Beef Market off-take %
5 85 10
The Problem
The Problem (Cont)
• Lack of success through R&D&E interventions (1994 – to date)
• Beef Sector System = Biophysical + Social Sub -System
The Objective
• Design an intervention model that address the whole system in the South African
beef industry
• Adopt or design soft technologies to use in interventions by R&D&E
Methods
• Social Science Research
• Grounded theory
• Focus groups
• In-depth Interviews
• Log field journal
• Participant observation
Methods :Informants
Communal FarmersLand Reform Farmers
Emerging farrmers
EliteCommercial
farmer
ARC Research Managers
LDAManagers
ARC Technicians
LDA & ARC Researchers
LDAExtension
officers
Results & Discussion: Farmers
Results & Discussion: Support
Results & Discussion: Comparison
Results & Discussion: Farmers AssessmentLimpopo Low-Income
Sector
Apartheid Interventions 1948-1994
Natural Physical Financial Human Social Knowledge Cultural Psychological
Very Low
Very Low
Very Low
Very Low
LowVery Low
HighVery Low
Post-Apartheid Interventions 1994-2008
Natural Physical Financial Human Social Knowledge Cultural Psychological
Low LowVery Low
Low Medium LowVery High
Very Low
LARP CASP MAFISAExtension
Recovery PlanCooperatives SETA None None
Discussion:Disconnect & Disinvestment
LowInvestment in Capitals
INPUTS BEEF
Beef Supply ChainLDA & ARC
Low Income Sector
LDA & ARCBeef Supply
Chain
High Income Sector
HighInvestment in
Capitals
Discussion: Leverage point
Psychological Capital
Natural Capital
Wellbeing of Low-income
farmer
Financial Capital
Physical
CapitalSocial
Capital
Human Capital
Knowledge Capitals
Culture Capital
Psychological capital defined
‘an individual’s positive psychological state of development and is characterized by: (i) having confidence (self-efficacy) to take on and put in the necessary effort to succeed at challenging tasks; (ii) making a positive attribution (optimism) about succeeding now and in the future;(iii). persevering towards goals and, when necessary, redirecting paths to goals (hope) in order to succeed.; and (iv) when beset by problems and adversity, sustaining and bouncing back and even beyond (resiliency) to attain success’. (Luthans et al, 2007)
Intervention Model
Communal Land reform Emerging Commercial Elite
Very low Very low Low to medium High Very High
Social Complexity
Technology TransferProblem Solving
EducationHuman Development
Technology TransferProblem Solving
EducationHuman Development
Technology TransferProblem Solving
Education
SI&IParadigm
SI&IParadigm
Potential Leverage
point
LimpopoBeef
Sectors
Very High Very High Medium Very Low Very Low
Technical & personal
skills
Extension Paradigm
Rural Community Development Approach
Seven capitals excluding Cultural
Rural Community Development ApproachSix capitals excluding
Natural & Cultural
SI&I Human, Social, Knowledge & Psychological
None None
Psychological Capital Psychological Capital Psychological Capital New Knowledge &
InnovationsNew Knowledge
& Innovations
Critical Capital needs
Level of Intervention Individual, Community & Animal Change Target
Animal Change Target
Animal Change Target
Tools Gap Tools Gap Tools Gap Very High Very HighARC & LDA Competence
CURRENT LOW_INCOME INDUSTRYDESIRED FUTURE BEEF
INDUSTRY
Transition 1 Transition 2
Building Psychological Capital
STEP 1: Self Situation Analysis STEP 4: Confidence Building
Stage
STEP 3: Evidence Building for Self Efficacy Stage
STEP 2: Self Impact Analysis
Improvement in Effort to Access other Capitals
Improvement in Psychological Capital
Conclusions• Give a social subsystem in your hard
science attention
• R&D&E focus at specific situations and localities
• Proposed intervention model and tool need to be open for continual improvement and a stimuli for more work on development of soft technologies
THANK YOUnot my job......
Acknowledgements
•Australian Centre for International Research Funding•Department of Science and Technology Funding•A. Prof RJS Beeton University of Queensland•Dr Richard Clark Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries•Limpopo Department of Agriculture