ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN ACADEMIC AND REGIONAL THEATERS Health & Safety...

ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN ACADEMIC AND REGIONAL THEATERS

Health & Safety 260Bill ReynoldsScott HansenGreg Petruska

Session Goals and Overview• Learn key requirements for an effective safety and health program.

• Know of resources to guide your program’s development and implementation

• Have a legal context for developing a program.

• Compare your current program to guidelines and requirements.• Learn what other theaters are doing.

2USITT 2013-S&H Programs

Session Handout and Review

•Available on USIIT app for the session

•Also, use the session evaluation on the app


Guidelines•An effective program includes:

• Provisions for identification, evaluation and prevention or control of hazards

• Plans to respond to emergencies

•Exceeds requirements of the law to address all hazards

• Is a written program required?


Safety and Health Programs

•Effective programs include several major elements


Resources for Safety and Health Programs

•OSHA•1926 Subpart C-Safety and Health Program Management Guidelines•Management commitment and employee involvement

•Worksite analysis•Hazard prevention control•Safety and health training



•ANSI Z10-2012• Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS)• Management leadership and employee participation

• Planning• Implementation and operations

• Risk assessments; controls; training• Evaluation and corrective action• Management review



• Workplace Safety and Health Division, Manitoba, Canada• Setting up a Workplace Safety and Health Program

• Develop policy/demonstrate commitment• Identify, assess and control hazards• Plan for emergencies• Conduct inspections• Train supervisors and workers• Investigate accidents

• Evaluate your program


British HSE-OHSAS 18001• Key elements of a H&S Management System• Policy - Effective H&S policies set a clear direction for the organization to follow.

• Organizing - An effective management structure and arrangements are in place for delivering the policy.

• Planning - A planned and systematic approach to implementing the H&S policy.

• Measuring performance - Performance is measured against agreed standards.

• Auditing and reviewing performance - The organization learns from experience and applies the lessons.


Effective Safety & Health Programs• Must be workplace specific• Must have the commitment from the employer and top leadership

• Must have input from everyone• Must assign clear responsibilities and accountabilities

• Must have an evaluation process• Must be available and effectively communicated


Who is Responsible for Safety?•“The duty for creating and maintaining a safe and healthy workplace falls on every person in the workplace, to the degree they have the authority and ability to do so.”•Employers have the greatest degree of control, and the greatest degree of legal responsibility.


Legal Responsibility & Due Diligence

•What is Due Diligence?• Take every precaution that is reasonably practicable in the circumstances to avoid work related injury or illness.

• Reasonably Practicable• Foreseeable• Preventable• Controllable

• Accountable for Acts and Omissions


S&H Programs and Due Diligence

•Establish a safety and health program.

•Ensure that the safety and health program is adequate.

•Monitor and evaluate the safety and health programs effectiveness.


Safety and Health Programs-Steps•1. Management Commitment•2. Employee Involvement•3. Worksite Analysis•4. Control Hazards and Exposures•5. Prepare for Emergencies•6. Investigate Accidents & Incidents

•7. Safety and Health Training•8. Evaluate, Review and Revise


1. Management Commitment•Write and communicate a policy statement that demonstrates commitment, including . . . • Philosophy• Objectives• Responsibility• Accountability

•Expect the S&H program to achieve the same level of excellence as other programs.


1. Management Commitment

•Examples of Safety and Health program policy statements.


2. Employee (Students/Faculty/Staff) Involvement Including . . .

•Program development•Program implementation•Right to Know•Right to Participate•Responsible for the safety of others

•Accountable for their safety


2. Employee (Students/Faculty/Staff) Involvement

•What Works: Student/faculty/staff involvement in Safety and Health program.


3. Worksite Analysis•Hazard identification and assessment

• Identify existing hazards•Assess conditions that might create new hazards

•Conduct baseline survey•Schedule periodic update inspections

•Work areas, work processes, work procedures

•Tools, equipment, machinery, rigging


3. Worksite Analysis•Examine routine tasks

•Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

•New processes and infrequently preformed jobs

•Production related hazards


3. Worksite Analysis•Setting priorities

•Hazards•Health•Safety

•Severity•Risk

•All hazards must be controlled


4. Control Hazards and Exposures•Develop, select and implement controls•Hierarchy of Controls

•Eliminate•Substitution•Engineering•Administrative; work practices•PPE


3-4. Inspections, Analysis and Controls

•What Works--examples:•Inspections•Hazards assessment•Productions

•Job hazard analysis•Controls


5. Planning for Emergencies•Identify potential emergency situations•Accidents• Injuries•Evacuations•Weather-related•Shooter


5. Planning for Emergencies

•Develop written plans•Identify and assemble resources•Train•Provide for emergency response•Drills


5. Planning for Emergencies•What Works:

•Plans in place•Training and drills•Incidents; lessons learned


6. Accidents, Injuries and Illness•Incidents

•Accident•Near Miss

•Dangerous occurrence

•Injury•Minor•Serious


6. Accidents, Injuries and Illness•Reporting•Response•Documentation•Recordkeeping•Follow-up and corrective action


6. Accidents, Injuries and Illness•What Works:

•Reporting• Investigations

• Injuries•Near-misses

•Recordkeeping


7. Safety and Health Training•Assess needs•What, how and by whom•Supervisor’s responsibilities•Orientation•New job, new process, new equipment

•Coordinate with job performance assessment


7. Safety and Health Training•Production-related training

•Rigging•Automation•Cast and crew onstage

•Hazards and harm


7. Safety and Health Training•Documentation

•Assess learning•Re-training•Record keeping

•Include S&H Program:•Policies•Expectations•Requirements


7. Safety and Health Training•What Works:

•Students: academic programs•Employees: new hires; short-term•Documentation; testing; record-keeping


8. Evaluate, Review and Revise•Know if the program is working•Frequency•Define who is involved•Partial or complete•Reporting


8. Evaluate, Review and Revise

•Statistics and comparisons•Trends by shows•Training/re-training


8. Evaluate, Review and Revise•What Works:

•Post-production•Season or Academic Year•Who’s involved?


Theater Safety and Health Programs

•Challenges-Theater Production•Short-term•Turn-over•Changing operations•Creative demands•Deadlines and budgets



•Opportunities-Theater Production•Defined procedures•Best Practices•Guides and constraints•Consistency



•Final Questions, Suggestions and Ideas


ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN ACADEMIC AND REGIONAL THEATERS Health & Safety...

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