ELEMENTARY GREEK GREK 1001 M-Th 8:40-9:30 ***. ELEMENTARY GREEK Writing the Greek alphabet.
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Transcript of ELEMENTARY GREEK GREK 1001 M-Th 8:40-9:30 ***. ELEMENTARY GREEK Writing the Greek alphabet.
ELEMENTARY GREEK
GREK 1001
M-Th 8:40-9:30
***
ELEMENTARY GREEK
Writing the Greek alphabet
ELEMENTARY GREEK
• Greek has twenty-four letters.– upper-case:
Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Φ Υ Χ Ψ Ω
– lower-case:
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ φ υ χ ψ ω
An inscription inClassical Greek
law code of Gortyn5th century BC
the upper-case lettersrepresent the versions used
in stone-cut inscriptions
An inscription inClassical Greek
papyrus of the poet Archilochus P.Oxy. LXIX 4708: see http://www.papyrology.ox.ac.uk
the upper-case letterswere also used in early
writing on papyrus
page of medieval manuscript ofEuripides’ Hekabe
the lower-case lettersrepresent the
hand-writing fromlater manuscripts
From manuscript to modern printed edition
modern printed editionsbegan as reproductionsof manuscripts, so they
retain this use ofthe lower-case letters
modern printed edition ofEuripides’ Hekabe
ELEMENTARY GREEK
We use lower-case letters normally. Use upper-case letters for only two reasons:
• the first letter of a proper name (person, place, κτλ)
• the first letter of a direct quotation
κτλ = Greek for “etc” = “and the rest, and so on”
ELEMENTARY GREEK
Imagine if English were printed in a cursive script all the time.
Imagine if English were printed in a cursive script all the time.
This is why printed Greek texts can look like chicken scratch, but once you know the alphabet, it is just like reading someone’s handwriting.
Α α “alpha” = “ah” = A a
letter name sound English
Β β “beta” = “b” = B b
letter name sound English
Γ γ “gamma”= “g” = G g
letter name sound English
Δ δ “delta” = “d” = D d
letter name sound English
Ε ε “epsilon” = “eh” = E e
letter name sound English
Ζ ζ “zeta” = “z” = Z z
letter name sound English
Η η “eta” = “ay” = E e
letter name sound English
Θ θ “theta” = “th” = Th th
letter name sound English
Ι ι “iota” = “ih” = I i
letter name sound English
Κ κ “kappa” = “k” = C c
K k
letter name sound English
(Latin) or
Λ λ “lambda” = “l” = L l
letter name sound English
Μ μ “mu” = “m” = M m
letter name sound English
Ν ν “nu” = “n” = N n
letter name sound English
Ξ ξ “xi” = “ks” = X x
letter name sound English
Ο ο “omicron” = “o” = O o
letter name sound English
Π π “pi” = “p” = P p
letter name sound English
Ρ ρ “rho” = “r” = R r
letter name sound English
Σ σ ς “sigma” = “s” = S s
use ς only at the end of words(σ is a cursive formed designed to continue into the next letter; at the end of the word, this link is unnecessary)
letter name sound English
Τ τ “tau” = “t” = T t
letter name sound English
Υ υ “upsilon” = “u” = Y y
letter name sound English
Φ φ “phi” = “f” = Ph ph
letter name sound English
Χ χ “chi” = “kh” = Ch ch
Kh kh
letter name sound English
(Latin) or
Ψ ψ “psi” = “ps” = Ps ps
letter name sound English
Ω ω “omega” = “oh” = O o
letter name sound English
Sing the Greek alphabet to“Itsy Bitsy Spider”!
Sing the Greek alphabet to“Frère Jacques”!
ELEMENTARY GREEK
for tomorrow (Wednesday, August 24, 2005):
• Quiz: ***
• Look over the sounds and diacritical marks in Shelmerdine (pp. 2-3) or “Alphabet Sounds” in Moodle