Electronica 3 [Compatibility Mode]

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    Dispozitive electronice

    Tema 3

    Teoria diodei. Circuitecu diode

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    Simbolul diodei

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    Caracteristica diodei

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    Parametrii caracteristici

    VRRM – tensiunea inversă maximă repetată

    VR (VDC) – tensiunea inversă maximă în CC

    VF – tensiune directă maximă

    IF(AV)

     – curentul direct maxim (mediu)

    IFSM – curentul maxim de vârf 

    PD –  puterea disipată

    TJ – temperatura de lucru a joncţiunii

    TSTG – temperatura de depozitare

    R(θ) – rezistenţa termicăIR  – curentul invers maxim

    CJ – capacitatea joncţiunii

    trr  – timpul de comutare

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    C

    AT

    A

    L

    O

    AG

    E

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    Prima aproximaţie. Dioda ideală

    1010

    1

    10

    10 10 100

    0 10 0

     D

    V  I mA

    U V 

    P V mA mW  

    P V mA mW  

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    A doua aproximaţie

    1

    10 0, 79, 3

    1

    9,3

    9, 3 9, 3 86,5

    0, 7 9, 3 6,5

    10 9, 3100 7,5%

    9,3

    S L

     D

    V V  I mA

    U IR V  

    P V mA mW  

    P V mA mW  

     

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    A treia aproximaţie

    1

    2

    10 0, 79,298

    1 0, 23

    9,298

    9, 298 9, 298 86, 45

    0, 702 9, 298 6, 53

    10 9,298100 7,55%

    9,298

    9,3 9,298100 0,02%

    9,298

    S L

     D

    V V  I mA

    U IR V  

    P V mA mW  

    P V mA mW  

     

     

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    Ualim Eroare relativă

    3,5 V 20%

    7 V 10%

    14 V 5%

    28 V 2,5%

    70 V 1%

    RL /rD Eroare relativă

    5 20%

    10 10%

    20 5%

    40 2,5%

    100 1%

    Eroarea făcută în primaaproximaţie

    Eroarea făcută în a

    doua aproximaţie

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    Dreapta de sarcină. Rezistenţa dinamică şi statică

    75 5

     D S 

     D

    S S 

     R R

    U U IR

    U U  I 

     R R

    U V I A 

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    Redresorul monoalternanţă

    max

    ef 

    U U 

     

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    Redresorul bialternanţă cu priză mediană

    '

    max max2

    ef 

    U U U 

     

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     Aplicatie

    • Sa se determine caderea de tensiune pe al doilea invelisal transformatorului, daca rata de transformare este de

    5:1, iar valoarea tensiunii sursei este de 120V la 60Hz

    pentru un redresor bialternanta cu priza mediana.

    • U sinusoidal

    • U monoalternanta

    • Vp1 =120V/0,707=170V• Vp2 =170V/5=34V

    • Ip=17V/1kΩ=17mA

    max

    2ef 

    U U   

    max

    ef 

    U U 

     

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    Redresorul bialternanţă în punte

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    max

    max

    max

    1.

    2. 0, 7

    3. 0, 72

     R

    CC 

    CC 

     RCC 

     R C 

     I V 

    U U 

    U U n V  

    V U U n V  

     

     

    Redresor cu filtru capacitiv

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    AplicaţieSă se determine tensiunea efectivă de pe rezistenţa de sarcină a unuiredresor bialternanţă în punte cu filtru capacitiv, cunoscândtensiunea de intrare efectivă 12,7 V, rezistenţa de sarcină 1 k  ,capacitatea condensatorului 470 μF.

    Tensiunea maximă la intrarea redresorului:

    max  2 18ef U U V 

    Prima aproximaţie

    18CC 

    U V 

    A doua aproximaţie18 16,6

    18 2.0, 7 16, 6 8, 4%16,6

    CC U V V V     

    A treia aproximaţie

    16,616, 6 353

    100.470

    0,35316, 6 16,5

    2

    S R

    CC 

    mA I mA U mV 

    U V 

     

    În absenţa filtrului

    max2

    11,4ccU 

    U V  

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    Limitatoare de tensiune

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    Circuite pentru refacerea componentei continue

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    Dublorul de tensiune

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    Multiplicator de tensiune complet

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    Multiplicatorul triplu de tensiune