ELECTROMAGNETIC OPERATING ENVIRONMENT (EME) UK JOINT ELECTRONIC WARFARE...

Joint Electronic Warfare Operational Support Centre

ELECTROMAGNETIC OPERATING

ENVIRONMENT (EME)

&

UK JOINT ELECTRONIC WARFARE (EW)

Commander Dave Hewitt

OC JOINT EW OPERATIONAL SUPPORT

CENTRE (JEWOSC)


Electronic Warfare

Military action to Exploit the Electromagnetic Spectrum

(EMS) which encompasses the interception and

identification of EM emissions, the employment of EM

energy, including directed energy, to Reduce or Prevent

hostile use of the EMS and actions to ensure its effective

use by own/friendly forces. EW enables EM Situational

Awareness (SA) which critically informs decision

making and the execution of Joint Effects/Action.

Note – this statement should also include elements of Cyber


EM Operating Environment

Complex, Congested and Contested - EME Situational Awareness critically

Informs and/or enables: Planning, C2, manoeuvre, exploitation, denial,

Battlespace Management, CID, Targeting, BDA, Threat Warning, Platform

Protection and future capability development


EME & UK Defence EW 1980 – 2014 +Period EME Defence EW

1980 - 2000 Analogue, emerging digital caps,

limited proliferation and

commercial exploitation

Traditional War Fighting - EW focus

maintained across ES, EA, ED and SIGINT

DLoDs. EW Governance, C2, Doctrine,

training established and enabled.

2000 - 2013 Digitisation and non-traditional

emitter technology development ,

proliferation, EMS Commercial

exploitation, Cyber, Asymmetric

applications

COIN – EW shift to protection aspects of ES,

EA, ED. ELINT and Collect caps reduced.

Limited EW Governance, C2, Doctrine and

training focus. Capability Development failed

to integrate and enable all aspects of the EW

Defence Lines of Development, particularly

Training and Information (data).

2014 – 2025+ Above +

Complex, Congested & Contested

Post Libya/Syria lessons – increased EME

and EW awareness. 5th+ Generation

capability data requirements, recognition of

non-equipment DLoD aspects (especially

Governance, C2, training, people,

information), ELINT.


UK Defence Review of EW (Jan 2013)

Identify the risk to Defence outputs caused by de-

investment

Develop a coherent model for exploitation of the

EME

Recognise synergies between EW and Cyber

Build on existing National and International EW

relations

Update National EW policy

Produce a National EW Operating directive


Review Scope Background - Relevance of EME and EW interfaces

EME Framework - Policy, Command, Spectrum Management, MOUs

Capability Stocktake - Evidence based against Risks, Scenarios

Organisation - Joint and single service elements engaged in EW activities

Governance & Tasking - Collection & Analysis tasking mechanisms &

Governance models

Manpower & Training - Skills & training. Manpower Review & Cyber career

stream work

Future of EME - Evidenced view of future EM environment & challenges


Review Outcomes

Key Points• Risks, weaknesses, capability gaps & incoherency across ES, EA, ED and

EM components of EW

Recommendations• Some quick wins – Governance, Tasking

• Some longer term – Equipment, People and training

• Improved coherency (Included DEWC move to JEWOSC)

Summary• Lacked EW champion for years

• No Joint oversight of pan-DLOD issues; ES, EA, ED, EM activities

• Equip often Urgent Operational Requirement derived, single service specific and not sustained

• Establish operating coherence with Cyber, IO and ISR

• EW “effects” not considered in the round – lack of whole EM spectrum Management, Planning & Operational C2

• Various Governance, Tasking, Project lines

• The need to reinvigorate collaborative working with Allies and partners


EW

ESM EPM EW ManagementECM

Search

Intercept

Identify

Locate

Record

(ES)

=

EME SA

Command, Direct

Integrate, sustain,

Develop

Policy &

Governance

Protect,

Ensure

(ED)

=

Counter

ES & EA

Prevent,

Reduce

(EA)

=

Deceive

Deny

Jt Battlespace

Management

& Integration

Operational

Command, Control,

Coordinate

EWCC

SIGINT,

MASINT, Cyber –

Threat Warning,

Targeting, CID

Info, Comms, Cyber,

Jt Fires across

networks and

sensors

Physical and

Procedural

Spectrum

Management, EWOS,

EOB, Training, trials,

CNO

End-to-End EME Operating Process


Initial Actions

Establish UK Defence Authority for EW – Comd JFC

EW Policy set & issued under CDI leadership, consistent with NATO (29 May 14)

Delegate specific EW responsibilities for Develop, Plan, Manage, Deliver, Generate and Operate functions

EW Delivery Programme (equip & enablers) established – ES,EA,ED and EM

Establish Joint EW operational planning team (EM Battlestaff)

Develop Joint EW Operating Directive

Develop a 1 Star Joint Force EW Group

EW Capability assessment in advance of SDSR 15


UK Joint EW Command Structure

CDS/VCDS

Commander Jt Forces

(4 Star)

Chief Defence Intelligence

(3 Star)

Director Cyber, Intelligence & Information Integration

(2 Star)

Joint Force EW Group Commander

(1 Star)

Single Service Headquarters EW Staff


UK Joint Operational EW Command Structure

Director Cyber, Intelligence

& Information Integration (2 Star)

PJHQ,

EWCC, NATO

Joint Spectrum

Authority

Cyber and

Info Ops

UK Govt Depts

Allies MoUs

Director Joint

Warfare

(2 Star)

DE&SJoint Force Group EW Commander (1 Star)

EWOS

SIGINT

EMBM

Embeds – Spectrum, Cyber, IO,

Joint Intelligence Operations Centre

EWCC

Joint Force

Intelligence

Group

Research &

Development

NAVY LAND AIR Allies Industry Others


Summary

Work is progressing – much more to do

EW has become more complex

• Art of the possible vs risk

It must be carried out with less resource

• Efficiencies, collaboration, partnerships

Equipment is only part of the solution

• Other Defence Lines of EW Development are equally as important

Sustainability is key

• Must have Governance, resilience and through-life support solutions

Collaboration and Integration is Key


Questions

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