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ELECTRICAL SAFETY DESIGN

General Requirements Wiring Design and Protection Wiring Methods and Components Equipment for General Use.

Introduction

This module deals with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards for electrical safety design.

These standards cover only electrical system parts that an employee would use or with which she/he could make contact.

The module’s purpose is to minimize potential workplace hazards by specifying electrical equipment and systems design characteristics.

Development of The Code

The OSHA electrical standards were based on the National Fire Protection Association's standard NFPA 70E, "Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces." The NFPA 70 Committee derived Part I of their document from the 1978 edition of the National Electrical Code (NEC).

The standards extracted from the NEC were those considered the most applicable to employee safety and least likely to change with each new edition of the NEC.

OSHA's electrical standards are performance oriented; therefore they contain few direct references to the NEC. However, the NEC contains specific information as to how the required performance can be obtained.

Introduction - Objectives

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Identify the general requirements for electrical safety design

Define proper wiring design and methods Define proper installation and protection of

electrical equipment and components Identify unsafe wiring design, methods,

equipment, protection, and components.

General Requirements - Introduction

The General Requirements section, based on standard 1910.303, describes the general requirements for electrical safety design.

The topics for this section are listed on the left.

The conductors and equipment required or permitted by 1910.303 shall be acceptable only if approved.

Electrical equipment shall be safe from recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees.

Examination and proper installation are important methods for ensuring safety from hazards.

Equipment Examination, Installation, and Use

The following considerations are examined to determine if equipment is safe:

Suitability for installation and use, in conformity with electrical standard provisions. Suitability of equipment for an identified purpose may be evidenced by listing or labeling for that identified purpose

Mechanical strength and durability, including the adequacy of the protection by parts designed to enclose and protect other equipment

Electrical insulation

Equipment Examination, Installation, and Use

Heating effects under conditions of use

Arcing effects Classification by type, size,

voltage, current capacity, and specific use

Other factors which contribute to the practical safeguarding of employees using or likely to come in contact with the equipment.

Listed or labeled equipment shall be used or installed in accordance with any instructions included in the listing or labeling and with the requirements on the following pages.

Splices and Arcing Parts

Conductors shall be spliced or joined with suitable splicing devices.

Another option is for conductors to be spliced by brazing, welding, or soldering with a fusible metal or alloy.

Soldered splices should be mechanically and electrically secure before soldering.

All splices, joints, and the free ends of conductors shall be covered with an insulation equivalent to that of the conductors, or covered with an insulating device suitable for the purpose.

Parts of electric equipment which in ordinary operation produce arcs, sparks, flames, or molten metal shall be enclosed or separated and isolated from all combustible material.

Marking

Electrical equipment may not be used unless the manufacturer's name, trademark, or other descriptive marking by which the organization responsible for the product may be identified is placed on the equipment.

Other markings indicating voltage, current, wattage, or other ratings shall be provided as necessary.

Marking is almost always provided on the name-plate of reputable manufacturers’ equipment.

The markings shall be of sufficient durability to withstand the operating environment.

Violations usually occur when the nameplate is covered, removed, or obliterated by painting or other abuse.

One example of abuse is shown to the left. Importance of Marking

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