Electrical Communication Engineering (Vol 2 Issue 2)

International Journal ofElectrical Communication

Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India

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Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

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« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

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Applied Mechanics

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Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

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Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

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Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

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Punjab, India

Dr. Arun Dev Dhar Dwiwedi Department of Electronics and Communication

Engineering, Poornina University Jaipur, Rajasthan India

Dr. M. Gopinath Electrical Electronics Engineering, Dr.N.G.P

Institute of Technology Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Dr. Steven Sheng-Uei Guan Department of Computer Science & Software

Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu Province, China

Dr. M R Nayak Aerospace Electronics & Systems Division,

National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore Kodihalli, Bangalore, India

Dr. Vijay Raj Singh Physics, Boston University, USA

Dr. P. Rama Subramanian Computer Science, Madurai Kamaraj

University, Tamil Nadu, India

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From the Editor's Desk

Dear Readers,

We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly

journal, International Journal of Electrical Communication Engineering. This journal is

part of the Electrical Engineering, and is devoted to the scope of present Electrical

Engineering issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the

validation of emerging technologies.

This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of International Journal of

Electrical Communication Engineering as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized

as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Electrical

Engineering community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area.

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professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Electrical Communication

Engineering in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their

papers at excellently, well-time & successfully.

International Journal of Electrical Communication Engineering focuses on original high-quality research

in the realm of Electrical Technologist, Electronic design automation, Microelectronics,

RF/Photonics, Microelectronics, Electromagnetics, Light wave Engineering, Biomedical Signal

Processing, Communication Systems, Computer Networks, Control Systems, Digital Signal Processing,

Image Processing & Computer Vision, Instrumentation, Multimedia Security, Power Electronics and Power

Systems, Speech Signal Processing.

The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Electrical

Communication Engineering and solutions in the area.

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editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project.

It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Electrical Engineering

readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Electrical Engineering.

Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director

1. Ultrasonic Cleaner: Assessment for Different Modulation Technique Vikas Singh Kushwah, Rakesh Narvey 1

2. Face Recognition Using Principal Component Analysis and Principal of Correlation Himanshu Monga 8

3. Analysis and Evaluation of Canny Algorithm for Edge DetectionNidhi Mathur 12

4. An Emerging Technology – Iris Recognition System: A ReviewSanjay Singh Thakur 17

5. A Review on Wearable Biosensor DevicesArpita Karhadkar, Mansi Soley 22

Contents

IJECE (2016) 1–7 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Electrical Communication Engineering Vol. 2: Issue 2

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Ultrasonic Cleaner: Assessment for Different Modulation Technique

Vikas Singh Kushwah*, Rakesh Narvey Department of Electrical Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior, India

ABSTRACT

This paper depicts assessment for control signal patterns takes place in the ultrasonic cleaner system. Micro-controller is used for the generation of different pulse patterns i.e. PWM (pulse width modulation) and PDM (pulse density modulation). Ultrasonic transducer drivers are driven with the help of these control patterns by feeding it into the full bridge inverter.Efficiency of the ultrasonic transducer is tested with the 22 kHz 100 watt resonating frequency. The waves generated by the transducer, drives electrical force into the mechanical force. Due to the movement of the ultrasonic waves into the aqueous solution in cleaning process cavitations and inward bursting are occurred in liquid.

Keywords: cavitations, resonant frequency, PWM, PDM, ultrasonic transducer

INTRODUCTION Ultrasonic cleaners are in trend nowadays since they are fast efficient and eco-friendly. In ultrasonic cleaner the dirty electrical and electronics component immerses in a solution and which removes the dust or dirt and the small particles purely. In whole ultrasonic cleaning process the most important module is to generate the vibrations from ultrasonic waves and that is possible with the help of transducer.[1]

The vibrations developed with the help of transducer sent over the container containing cleaning solution. When the ultrasonic wave travels through solution during the cleaning process the implosion and cavitations activity occurs. From the cavitations the scouring occurs and cleaning is best if the cavitations are fine and many.[2] PWM technique is used to generate the continuous

. ultrasonic waves for the cleaning process

Here we discuss PDM and PWM under discontinuous ultrasonic wave and their assessment takes place to find best technique for cleaning process with smooth and coarse equipment.

ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER The ultrasonic cleaning system consists of several modules with the help of which the cleaning process takes place. The ultrasonic cleaning system contains a transducer, a tank and a solution for cleaning. Transducer is used in order to generate the vibrations through ultrasonic waves, and these waves are transferred to the cleaning solution. During the cleaning process when these ultrasonic waves travel through the solution the phenomena of cavitations and implosion occur. Some of the impurities consist of inexplicable molecules which are attached by ionic energy or mutual forces depicted in Figure 1(A) in order to decouple the mutual forces between molecules the displacement

IJECE (2016) 8-11 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 8


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Face Recognition Using Principal Component Analysis and Principal of Correlation

Himanshu Monga*

Lovely Professional University, Jallandhar, India

ABSTRACT

We have introduced facial recognition technique implemented in MATLAB using PCA and correlation coefficient. These techniques are designed on GUI platform and have taken image processing as a base. After running the designed GUI based on PCA algorithm the result window will show whether the two images uploaded matched or not on the basis of Eigen vectors computed whereas the GUI designed for correlation coefficient will show the name of the person whose photograph was uploaded along with whether the access granted or denied. Keywords: correlation coefficient, image processing, principal component algorithm INTRODUCTION In our increasingly globalized world, where mobility has almost become a fact of social life, identity management emerges as a key socio-political and technical issue. Tying identity to the body through biometric indicators is seen as central to the governance of people in the existing and emerging socio-political order, nationally and internationally, in all spheres of life, including governmental, economic, and personal. Facial Recognition is a type of biometric software application that can identify a specific individual in a digital image by analyzing and comparing patterns.[1,2] Facial recognition systems are commonly used for security purposes but are increasingly being used in a variety of other application. Currently, a lot of facial recognition development is focused on smart phone applications.[3] Smart phone facial recognition capacities include image tagging and other social networking integration purposes as well as personalized marketing. The software is already used for military surveillance, by police to identify suspects and on

facebook. Now the US government is in the process of building the world’s largest cache of face recognition data, with the goal of identifying every person in the country. Facebook uses facial recognition software to help automate user tagging in photographs. Other biometric identification systems include voice recognition, iris recognition, skin texture recognition, finger print scanning and finger-vein, palm-vein identification.[4] Over the past decade face Recognition has become a fast growing commercial industry, moving from its governmental origins into everyday life the technology is being pitched as an effective tool for securely conforming identities. Walk up to the international check in at a Germen airport, gaze up a camera and walk into the country without ever needing to pull out a passport your image is on file, the camera knows who you are. Wander into a retail store and be greeted with personalized product suggestions-the stores network has a record what you bought last time.



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Analysis and Evaluation of Canny Algorithm for Edge Detection

Nidhi Mathur* Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Poornima College of Engineering, Jaipur, India

ABSTRACT

Edge detection is an important technique in image analysis. Several edge detectors have been proposed for enhancing and detecting of edges. Optimal approach of edge detection based on Canny Algorithm is presented in this paper. Simulation result analysis shows that Canny Algorithm has better performance as compared to other algorithm. Simulation of the designed algorithm is done using Matlab.

Keywords: Canny algorithm, mask INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to present an Evaluation of Canny Algorithm for edge detection. The detection of edges in an image has been a very important problem in image processing for more than 50 years. Edge detection is the process which detects the presence and locations of these intensity transitions [1]. The process is to identify and separate objects from one another, and also recognition of these shapes. Edge detecting an image considerably reduces the quantity of data and filters out worthless information, while preserving the important structural in an image. In picture processing one of the most effective procedures is to sharpen the images and improve the contrast. The contrast is changed by increasing the differences across the discontinuities of the image component. Edges in images are areas with strong intensity contrasts a jump in intensity from one pixel to the next [2]. Edge detection is important because the success of higher level relies heavily on good edges. Gray level images contain an enormous amount of data, much of which is irrelevant, e.g. surroundings of the scene so at the early stage, the effort is

made to reduce some of the data; the objects are separated from the background and entities such as edges which are physically significant are identified [3]. An edge is described as the outside limit of an object. Edges are significant local changes of intensity in an image. Edges typically occur on the boundary between two different regions in an image [4–8]. The canny algorithm contains fives steps and it is more computationally complex than the other algorithm such as Roberts, Prewitts and Sobels algorithms [9]. Other edge detection offers tradeoff between precision, cost and speed and capability to detect edges is further improved in canny algorithm. In the detection process, the original unprocessed image is taken and smoothing is done in order to remove noise and then gradient is found. Non maximum suppression is done in order to suppress the unwanted edges and thresholding is done [10–13]. Canny edge detector is an edge detection operator that uses multi state algorithm used to detect wide range of edges. It is an optimal edge detection where we can



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An Emerging Technology – Iris Recognition System: A Review

Sanjay Singh Thakur* Department of Electronics and Communication, PITS, Ujjain, India

ABSTRACT

Iris Recognition is one of the imperative biometric acknowledgment systems that recognize individuals in light of their eyes and iris. This paper shows an outline of iris acknowledgment framework and related material is likewise considered. Keywords: biometrics recognition, iris recognition, hybrid technique and feature extraction, wavelet technology INTRODUCTION Electronic field is seeing quick advanced a vast and critical. Acknowledgment frameworks have turned into a part of the expansive and successful, particularly after the advance that has happened in the region of Information Technology. Iris is the fundamental critical part of the human eye; it comprises of roundabout muscle and the other longitudinal control in the measure of light going the retina through the human eye, with the expanding of necessities for higher security level, biometric frameworks have been broadly utilized for some applications. Biometrics incorporates confront, iris, fingerprints, voice, palms, hand geometry, retina, penmanship, stride and so forth [1–3]. Recognition algorithms as a rule require a mix of different procedures, which traverse over all the three levels. At the most minimal conceivable level are strategies for confining the district of worry in the picture (foundation subtraction), recognition and following of highlight focuses, different morphological operations that might be required with a specific end goal to acquire a superior nature of the information, and so forth.

Biometric systems work by catching of the element taking an advanced picture for iris acknowledgment. A biometric is portrayed by utilization of an element that is positively one of a kind – so that the shot of any two human having similar elements will be insignificant. Will be utilized a few methods as a part of our paper for high extent of perfection by utilizing the iris of the eye [1, 2]. However the significance of research around there has expanded the prevalence of this system. Individual ID in light of iris acknowledgment gives a standout amongst the most solid outcomes [4]. Iris surface elements gives interesting high dimensional data that clarifies why iris acknowledgment based confirmation has the most minimal false acknowledgment rate among a wide range of biometric check frameworks [5, 6]. BIOMETRIC SYSTEM A biometric framework is on a very basic level an example acknowledgment framework that perceives an individual in light of a property vector got from a particular physiological or behavioral trademark that the individual has. That element vector is regularly put away in a database (or recorded on a brilliant card given to the person) subsequent to being

IJECE (2016) 22–26 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 22


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A Review on Wearable Biosensor Devices

Arpita Karhadkar*, Mansi Soley Department of Electronics and Communication, MIT, Ujjain, India

ABSTRACT

Recent advances in smaller than usual gadgets, and additionally mobile and omnipresent registering, have cultivated an emotional development of enthusiasm for wearable innovation. A wearable biosensors system are a developing pattern and are relied upon to be progressive in numerous application regions, going from cardiovascular observing to war zone checking and brandishes prescription. These frameworks, including different sorts of little physiological sensors, transmission modules and handling capacities, guarantee to change the eventual fate of medicinal services, by giving minimal effort wearable inconspicuous answers for persistent throughout the day and wherever wellbeing, mental and action status checking. This is because of the substantial number of organizations that have as of late begun putting forcefully in the improvement of wearable items for different applications. In any case, unwavering quality of these wearable sensors is by a wide margin second rate compared to their customary partners, prompting to visit false cautions. Since a large portion of the potential applications are for field utilize, the wearable sensors must be hearty against unsettling influences, specifically, the movement of the wearer. New innovation is required for taking out movement ancient rarity and recouping signals defiled with the body movement. This is a quickly developing item part. Substantial quantities of exceptional tech organizations are putting vigorously around there, alongside systems, gadget creators and financial speculators. Accordingly, in 10 years' opportunity, things will look a considerable measure not quite the same as they do today. This paper displays a thorough investigation of different utilizations of wearable bio sensors in the field of social insurance, movement acknowledgment, sports science, patient monitoring, road accidents prevention, and numerous more appropriate in our everyday life. Keywords: activity recognition, bio-sensor, road safety, wearable devices and systems, wearable computers INTRODUCTION Wearable biosensors are the non-obstructive gadgets that are the overcome of the restrictions of mobile innovation and give the quick and enraged reaction to the need of checking patients over quite a while. They are the advanced gadgets that an individual can wear on the body and depend on remote innovation. These can be as Smart shirts or thin swathes which permit the ceaseless checking of pulse, blood glucose levels and other biometric information. This true physiological

information are then sent remotely to

human services suppliers by means of a remote LAN or a support that permit Internet association. These sensors are being produced remembering that the patients' result must be enhanced while the costs must be lessened. By building up a two path input in the middle of the specialists and their patients, the wearable sensor gadgets has prompted to the change of significant issue from wasteful to the

International Journal ofElectrical Communication

Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India

E-mail: [email protected]

¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation

« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

« International Journal of Architecture and InfrastructurePlanning

« International Journal of Rural and Regional PlanningDevelopment

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

Applications3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

5 more... 4 more...

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Jul–Dec 2016IJECE

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Electrical Communication Engineering (Vol 2 Issue 2)

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