Election Administration, Electoral Standards, and the Internet By Steven Clift .
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Transcript of Election Administration, Electoral Standards, and the Internet By Steven Clift .
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards,
and the InternetBy Steven Clift
http://www.publicus.net
http://www.dowire.org
![Page 2: Election Administration, Electoral Standards, and the Internet By Steven Clift .](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e6c5503460f94b6bb5d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Introduction
• Democracies Online – E-democracy research and speeches across 25
countries: http://publicus.net– Connects over 2700 people across 85 countries via e-
newsletter/blog: http://dowire.org
• E-Democracy.Org– World’s first election information website in 1994– Most comprehensive “one stop” experience before
disintermediation– Direct experience informs this presentation
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Outline
• Fundamental Questions
• New Internet-era Electoral Standards?
• Analysis and Recommendations– Providing information online/best practices– Establishing online legal environment– Monitoring Internet media– Ensuring technological access
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Fundamental Questions
• What is so important about the potential use of the Internet/ICTs that their use will be required by new electoral standards in order to hold “free and fair” elections?
• Based on existing electoral standards, what should be online to promote “free and fair” elections now?
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Proposed Internet-era Standards
• All information (legally public) – produced, compiled, disseminated
or disclosed to implement electoral standards
– must be publicly accessible on the Internet
– in a standard, authoritative format.
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Proposed Internet-era Standards
• Voter privacy must be established to cover all voter actions online – seeking information about political
candidates and issues
– communicating with family, friends and members of private associations about elections or governance
– and voting• Freedom of electronic assembly concept
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Information:Analysis and Recommendations
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Provision of Information
• Internet is available “any time, anywhere”
• EMBs (and others) provide great variations in terms of quality
• Reality of “wired”, less “wired” countries – the more wired, the more “must” be online
• Progression of Internet/ICT use by EMBs should be defined and benchmarked
• Opportunity for online community of practice among EMB staff
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Information – Must
• Required of all countries regardless of “wired” status:
– Content demonstrating electoral standards are in action
– Accurate and authoritative content
– Multilingual content (as required by local law)
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Information – Should/Must
• Should be online items becomes “must” when over 50% of the population is online
– Candidate and party links - official registry of sites
– Voter registration - including e-verification of electoral roll status, change of address
– Campaign finance reporting and disclosure systems
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Information – Should/Must
• More should/must content recommendations
– Voter outreach and education programs
– Services and searches – often geographically based
– Campaign regulation information and notifications – including e-alerts
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Example:Online Voter Education in South
Korea
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Music Videos from Kids
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
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Accessibility:Analysis and Recommendations
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Accessibility - Should/Must
• People with disabilities – comply with e-government accessibility policies
• Speakers of minority languages
• Users of different Internet interfaces – database-driven sites adaptable to computer, iTV, PDA, mobile formats
• Users without computer access – reach through intermediary organizations via remote printing, CD-ROM, radio satellite, mobile data
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Access examples• Satellite radio - Data ports for one-way content delivery
– First Voice International has 5% of WorldSpace capacity– Satellite radios have USB ports that connect to computers
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Online Legal Environment:Analysis and Recommendations
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Legal Environment Context
• In all countries, moving from analysis and proposals to approval of new laws and/or rules has been extremely difficult
• Cornerstone of complexity – Individuals and unregulated groups can take actions online that appear or are in reality as powerful/influential as those of regulated political groups
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Online Legal Environment
• Identify and re-evaluate campaign regulatory laws in light of Internet – when “normal” online activity of individuals might be
illegal/regulated if lumped in with regulated groups– Freedom of expression, right of secure electronic
assembly
• Establish privacy policies– for EMBs– registry of policies of regulated groups– online media accepting online political ads,
selling/providing “information seeking” information on user to candidates/government – need new political privacy electoral standard
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Online Legal Environment
• Provide defamation and libel guides– Should digital “street corner” conversations be treated
on par with statements on television or newspapers? UN report on exposure to criminal libel
• Right reply– Internet allows less litigious “right of reply,” should it be
a right or obligation to provide during election periods?
• Additional issues– Right to access, use and share political information– Anonymous speech
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Online Media Monitoring
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Online Media Monitoring
• As reach of online content grows in a nation, the reasons to independently monitor mass media will extend to the Internet
– Build from academic online content analysis techniques– Monitor surface content of “top 100 web sites” – Research political web trends, stay on top of democracy
building and denying techniques– Monitor government web sites including portals and
inappropriate use of online government resources to support incumbents
– Encourage watchdog groups, including “domestic” and international Internet freedom groups, to aid Internet and elections policy development
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Technology:Analysis and Recommendations
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Technological Access
• E-mail for EMB staff is step one
• Wireless– HF Radio E-mail (slow)– Wi-Fi, WiMax options– Satellite two-way (expensive)– Mobile/GPRS
• Localized Content Access – CD-Rom delivery, One-way satellite radio
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Access examples
• Ndiyo – Four terminals using one computer connected to Internet: http://www.ndiyo.org– Pilot in Bangladesh connected by GPRS (GSM mobile
phone)
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Access examples
• HF Radio E-mail (Shortwave ~300 Baud, VHF/UHF to 9600, like first modems)
– Solomon Islands People First Network connects island e-mail terminals cost effectively via e-mail over radio (not expensive satellite): http://www.peoplefirst.net.sb
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Open Source Tools
• Cost-effectiveness through collaborative open source initiatives. Some ideas:
– Multi-lingual CMS (content management system) for developing non-partisan online and print voter guides
• Distributed content input via the web from local EMB offices, candidates, parties, universities, NGOs, and others
• Controlled editing of source materials for broad use and distribution
• Project coordination
– Handheld field operation software for electronic voter registration, voter roll verification
– Mobile SMS reporting of election law violations
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Online Community of Practice
• Connecting EMB staff with Internet content and IT responsibilities via e-mail/web network
– Connect EMB staff in established democracies with those in developing democracies for peer-to-peer exchange
– Opportunity for U.S. state election office staff to share knowledge internationally at low cost
– Just-in-time access to often undocumented knowledge
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Questions?
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Election Administration, Electoral Standards and the Internet
Copyright 2006, Steven Clift, Publicus.Net
Contact
• To continue this discussion or explore solutions, contact Steven Clift at:
+1-612-822-8667
http://www.publicus.net
http://www.dowire.org