EIGHT YEARS OF ACOUSTIC BAT MONITORING IN...

EIGHT YEARS OF ACOUSTIC

BAT MONITORING IN FRANCE:

INCREASING SAMPLING

EFFICIENCY WHILE COMMONEST

SPECIES ACTIVITY IS

DECREASING.

J.-F. JULIEN, A. HAQUART, C. KERBIRIOU, Y. BAS,

A. ROBERT & G. LOÏS

Alain Abba, Olivier Allenou, Karine Ancrenaz, Ronan Arhuro, Edith Armange, Jacqueline Armange, Arnaud Bak,

Yves Bas, Franz Barth, Jean-Pierre Bavent , Paul Ballongue, Joël Bec, Yannick Bernicot, Elodie Bideau, Romain

Bion, Laurent Bokhor, Yves Bolnot , Sandrine Bouligand, Annick Boutard, Pierre Boyer, Sandrine Bracco, Célia

Bresson, Matthieu Buis, Nathalie Carnino, Bruno Cart, Livio Casella, Pascal Cavalin, Julien Cavallo, Frédéric

Chapalain, Claude Chapalain ,Thomas Chatton, Dominique Chavy, Nicolas Chenaval, Pierre Chico-Sarro, Julie

Coulhon, Denis Couvet, Flore Cambon, Cindy Da Costa, Thomas Darnis, David Yves, Leïla Debiesse, Louis De

Redon, Guy Derivaz, Robin Dérozier, Nicolas Deguines, Michel Di Maggio, Romuald Dohogne, Samuel

Dorange, Aggeleki Doxa, Grégory Duclaud, Léa Dufrêne, Cécile Edelist, Alexandre Emerit, Gilles Faggio, Anne

Ferment, Grégory Fiquer, Cyrille Frey, Nicolas Fillol, Ondine Filipi- Codaccioni, Nicolas Flament, Benoît

Fontaine, Jérôme Fouert-Pouret, Marie-Hélène Froger, Cécile Hignard, Anne-Sophie Gadot, Laurent Gager,

Yann Gager, Miguel Gailledrat, Gilles Galbrun, Sébastien Galtier, Sébastien Gaultier, Amandine Gasc, Gérard

Goujon, Anne-Laure Gourmand, Antoine Griboval, Jean Guinard, Benjamin Guyonnet, Mélanie Hinz, Clément

Heroguel, Colette Huot-Daubremont, William Huin, Emmanuel Jacob, Frédéric Jiguet, Florie Johanot, Jean-

François Julien, Christian Kerbiriou, Roman Landouzy , Sabrina Languin, Marion Laprun, Cécile Larivière,

Marine Lauer, Virginie Ledez , Mathilde Lesur, Benoit Lecaplain, Thomas Le Campion, Isabelle Le Viol,

Catherine Longuet, Romain Lorrillière, Jean Pierre Lair, Laura Lugris, Nathalie Machon, Olivia Magnoux, Sylvain

Mahuzier, Louis Manche, Julie Maratrat, Alexandre Mari, Olivier Matton, Jean-François Magne, Charlie Mangin,

François Martin, Julien Masquelier, Antoine Meirland, Sébastien Merle, Anne Métaireau, Robert Meunier Jean-

Batiste Mihoud, Didier Montfort, Sylvain Montagner, Justine Mougnot, Jean Pierre Moussu, Romain Morvan,

Bruno Munilla, Dominique Munilla, Gilles Naudet, Issa Nidal , Grégory Patek, Christophe Parisot, Roman

Pavisse, Marie Pellé, M. Penpeny, Hérvé Picq, Yannick Pochon, Arthur Pommerais, Emmanuelle Porcher, Olivier

Renault, Sylvain Richier, Gaétan Rizet, Loïc Robert, Magali Roche , Dominique Rombaut, Philippe Roy, Salaun

Loic, Etienne Sarrazin, David Sautet, Maurevas Sempé, Silva Régina, Nathalie Sionneau, Bérengère Soye,

Anne Thebault, Anne Tessedre, Celine Teplitsky, Vincent Ternois, Jean-Paul Urcun, Denis Vandromme, Pauline

Van Laere, Fabien Verfaille, Alan Vergnes, Marie-Laure Villa , Sophie Wrobel, Maxime Zucca, Jean-Marc

Lustrat, Adeline Pichard, Berenger Remy, Elouan Meyniel, Erwan Guillon, Frederic Bichon, Florence Mattutini,

Etienne Ouvrard, Jerome Fuselier, Julien Tranchard, Julien Penvern, Justine Przybilski, Laurene Trebucq, LPO

Aveyron, Matthieu Vaslin, Marie-Lilith Patou, Sebastien Devos, Vincent Prié, Clément Lemarchand, Clémentine

Azam, Christophe Boulanger, Charlotte Roemer et Thierry Disca.

Thanks to all the volunteers :

6 minutes recording

10 x 2 km / 25 km/h 10 points within 2x2 km

Car transects Point counts

2 evenings / year: 1 in June-July

1 in August-September

Vigie Chiro: french bat monitoring scheme

Starting 30 minutes post sunset, lasting ~90 mn.

178 car transects, 3560 km

(in red)

90x10= 900 count points

(in blue)

+ 37x10= 370 count points in Paris

National trends over eight years.

Pipistrellus pipistrellus

Eptesicus

serotinus

Nyctalus leisleri

3 alarming decreases among common species:

- 39 %

p = 0.0008

- 33 %

p < 10-4- 42 %

p < 10-4

National trends over eight years.

Pipistrellus kuhlii Myotis spp.

2 increasing taxa (could be expected? ) :

+ 84 %

p < 10-4

+ 76 %

p = 0.0004

In coherence with observed

range expansion in France, both

latitudinal and altitudinal.

It will be necessary to decipher

it at regional scale.

In coherence with hibernacula

monitoring, cf. « European bat

population trends ».EEA Tech.

Report, 19, 2013

National trend for P. pipistrellus

Woodland

- 33%

Farmland

- 33%

Urban areas

- 42%

?

Automatic long-term recorders for bat monitoring

Many new long-term automatic recorders

since 2006 (beginning of our monitoring scheme)

Impressive data collection, particularly for

species:

-With low abundance

-With low detectability

-Active during the whole night





species:

-With low abundance



Opportunity for a new monitoring

scheme?





species:

-With low abundance



Opportunity for a new monitoring

scheme?Use of available data to test the power of such

data collection to detect species trends


Testing trend detection power:

Input data for simulation ACTICHIRO (A. Haquart – see poster 42)

6023 whole night SM2BAT recordings

made by Biotope consulting agency

> First reference levels of species

activity



Input data for simulation ACTICHIRO (A. Haquart – see poster )




activity

Average activity

Spatial heterogeneity







activity

Average activity


+ 10 whole-year recordings (Biotope)







activity

Average activity


+ 10 whole-year recordings (Biotope)

Temporal variability

(among « good-weather » nights)



Simulations:

-Whole night bat passes counts repeated

11 years

-Negative binomial distributions (both

spatially and temporally)

-30% negative trend (= smallest

decreasing trends that could justify listing

as VU according to UICN Red List)

-2 nights recording/ year / points

-Iteration: 500 data sets for n points

-GLM: Bat passes ~ Time + Site

=> Target: getting significant effect

of time (z-test, p < 0.05) on > 50%

simulated datasets

N=100

N=250

N=500

N=1000

Number of

stations


What species trends can we get?

100 car transects:


Pipistrellus kuhlii

Myotis spp.

Eptesicus serotinus

Nyctalus leisleri

Nyctalus noctula



100 car transects:


Pipistrellus kuhlii

Myotis spp.

Eptesicus serotinus

Nyctalus leisleri

Nyctalus noctula

SM2BAT:

100 stations


Pipistrellus kuhlii

Pipistrellus pygmaeus

Myotis spp.



100 car transects:


Pipistrellus kuhlii

Myotis spp.

Eptesicus serotinus

Nyctalus leisleri

Nyctalus noctula

SM2BAT:

100 stations


Pipistrellus kuhlii


Myotis spp.

similar



100 car transects:


Pipistrellus kuhlii

Myotis spp.

Eptesicus serotinus

Nyctalus leisleri

Nyctalus noctula

SM2BAT:

250 stations


Pipistrellus kuhlii


Myotis spp.

Plecotus spp.

Hypsugo savii

Miniopterus schreibersii

Barbastella barbastellus

Complementary!!



100 car transects:


Pipistrellus kuhlii

Myotis spp.

Eptesicus serotinus

Nyctalus leisleri

Nyctalus noctula

SM2BAT:

500 stations


Pipistrellus kuhlii


Myotis spp.

Plecotus spp.

Hypsugo savii



Eptesicus serotinus

Myotis daubentonii

Pipistrellus nathusii

Nyctalus leisleri

Nyctalus noctula

Myotis emarginatus



SM2BAT:

1000 stations


Pipistrellus kuhlii


Myotis spp.

Plecotus spp.

Hypsugo savii



Eptesicus serotinus

Myotis daubentonii

Pipistrellus nathusii

Nyctalus leisleri

Nyctalus noctula

Myotis emarginatus

Rhinolophus hipposideros

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

Tadarida teniotis

Myotis blythii/myotis

Myotis nattereri

6 minutes recording

10 x 2 km / 25 km/h 10 points within 2x2 km

Car transects Point counts

2 nights / year: 1 in June-July

1 in August-September

Vigie Chiro: french bat monitoring scheme

Stations1 - 10 points

within 2x2 km

Whole night recordingsStarting 30 minutes post sunset, lasting ~90 mn.

Stations: a new standardized scheme

2x2 km square randomly

chosenGood representativity

and controlled biases

(accessibility problems)

1-10 stations according

to recorders availability

Recorder settings

standardized and

monitored microphones.

Stations put on a systematic grid within squares

30 volunteers

48 squares sampled in 2014150 stations

Promising for a first pilot

year (target: 250 stations)!

(ongoing) Holcim project:

Automatic treatment for bat and bush-cricket

large-scale monitoring

Open-source toolbox helping both volunteers and us analysing the data:

Generic tool for automatic detection of animal vocalizations (from bat to insects) on

a contour-based model

Call feature extraction inspired by known identification criteria

User-friendly interface to quickly label sounds call-by-call.

Both supervised and unsupervised classification of call sequences in order to produce

the most relevant sorting and reducing at most the validation time.

Expected results:

Accelerating data exchange between participants and scientists (+motivation)

Improving the feedback on automatic acoustic identification of animals

Collaborative collecting of bat call libraries.

1) The commonest species of France, P. pipistrellus, is declining

while the not so different, but more thermophilic, P. kuhlii is increasing.

> Spatial variations of these trends to be investigated

2) Other common hawking bats such as Eptesicus serotinus and Nyctalus

leisleri strongly decrease while Myotis species overally increase.

> Other species trends needed for potential trait linked pattern

to emerge.

3) Long autonomous recordings open the way to monitor twice more species,

especially the ones with low detectability and/or longer activity period.

> Such monitoring stations promise robust national trends for

Miniopterus schreibersii, Barbastella barbastellus, etc. .

4) Car transects are still complementary to such new scheme

> Better efficiency for detecting trends of large hawking species

with short and early foraging bout (Nyctalus, Eptesicus…)

5) Increasing need in automation of data processing

> ongoing project to identify automatically both bats and bush-

crickets

Main conclusions and perspectives

Alain Abba, Olivier Allenou, Karine Ancrenaz, Ronan Arhuro, Edith Armange, Jacqueline Armange, Arnaud Bak,

Yves Bas, Franz Barth, Jean-Pierre Bavent , Paul Ballongue, Joël Bec, Yannick Bernicot, Elodie Bideau, Romain

Bion, Laurent Bokhor, Yves Bolnot , Sandrine Bouligand, Annick Boutard, Pierre Boyer, Sandrine Bracco, Célia

Bresson, Matthieu Buis, Nathalie Carnino, Bruno Cart, Livio Casella, Pascal Cavalin, Julien Cavallo, Frédéric

Chapalain, Claude Chapalain ,Thomas Chatton, Dominique Chavy, Nicolas Chenaval, Pierre Chico-Sarro, Julie

Coulhon, Denis Couvet, Flore Cambon, Cindy Da Costa, Thomas Darnis, David Yves, Leïla Debiesse, Louis De

Redon, Guy Derivaz, Robin Dérozier, Nicolas Deguines, Michel Di Maggio, Romuald Dohogne, Samuel

Dorange, Aggeleki Doxa, Grégory Duclaud, Léa Dufrêne, Cécile Edelist, Alexandre Emerit, Gilles Faggio, Anne

Ferment, Grégory Fiquer, Cyrille Frey, Nicolas Fillol, Ondine Filipi- Codaccioni, Nicolas Flament, Benoît

Fontaine, Jérôme Fouert-Pouret, Marie-Hélène Froger, Cécile Hignard, Anne-Sophie Gadot, Laurent Gager,

Yann Gager, Miguel Gailledrat, Gilles Galbrun, Sébastien Galtier, Sébastien Gaultier, Amandine Gasc, Gérard

Goujon, Anne-Laure Gourmand, Antoine Griboval, Jean Guinard, Benjamin Guyonnet, Mélanie Hinz, Clément

Heroguel, Colette Huot-Daubremont, William Huin, Emmanuel Jacob, Frédéric Jiguet, Florie Johanot, Jean-

François Julien, Christian Kerbiriou, Roman Landouzy , Sabrina Languin, Marion Laprun, Cécile Larivière,

Marine Lauer, Virginie Ledez , Mathilde Lesur, Benoit Lecaplain, Thomas Le Campion, Isabelle Le Viol,

Catherine Longuet, Romain Lorrillière, Jean Pierre Lair, Laura Lugris, Nathalie Machon, Olivia Magnoux, Sylvain

Mahuzier, Louis Manche, Julie Maratrat, Alexandre Mari, Olivier Matton, Jean-François Magne, Charlie Mangin,

François Martin, Julien Masquelier, Antoine Meirland, Sébastien Merle, Anne Métaireau, Robert Meunier Jean-

Batiste Mihoud, Didier Montfort, Sylvain Montagner, Justine Mougnot, Jean Pierre Moussu, Romain Morvan,

Bruno Munilla, Dominique Munilla, Gilles Naudet, Issa Nidal , Grégory Patek, Christophe Parisot, Roman

Pavisse, Marie Pellé, M. Penpeny, Hérvé Picq, Yannick Pochon, Arthur Pommerais, Emmanuelle Porcher, Olivier

Renault, Sylvain Richier, Gaétan Rizet, Loïc Robert, Magali Roche , Dominique Rombaut, Philippe Roy, Salaun

Loic, Etienne Sarrazin, David Sautet, Maurevas Sempé, Silva Régina, Nathalie Sionneau, Bérengère Soye,

Anne Thebault, Anne Tessedre, Celine Teplitsky, Vincent Ternois, Jean-Paul Urcun, Denis Vandromme, Pauline

Van Laere, Fabien Verfaille, Alan Vergnes, Marie-Laure Villa , Sophie Wrobel, Maxime Zucca, Jean-Marc

Lustrat, Adeline Pichard, Berenger Remy, Elouan Meyniel, Erwan Guillon, Frederic Bichon, Florence Mattutini,

Etienne Ouvrard, Jerome Fuselier, Julien Tranchard, Julien Penvern, Justine Przybilski, Laurene Trebucq, LPO

Aveyron, Matthieu Vaslin, Marie-Lilith Patou, Sebastien Devos, Vincent Prié, Clément Lemarchand, Clémentine

Azam, Christophe Boulanger, Charlotte Roemer et Thierry Disca.

Thank you for your attention

… and once again to all the volunteers:

EIGHT YEARS OF ACOUSTIC BAT MONITORING IN...

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