EIE 2003 – SAVE BESTFACADE · comprising an outer skin of glass and an inner wall constructed as...

HTTP://WWW.BBRI.BEBELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE

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Gilles Flamant, ir - Xavier Loncour, irDivision of building Physics and Indoor Climate

BBRI - Belgian Building Research Institute

EIE 2003 – SAVE BESTFACADE

BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE HTTP://WWW.BBRI.BE

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TERMINOLOGY

prEN 13119 – Curtain Walling – Terminology‘Double Skin Facade : a curtain wall construction comprising an outer skin of glass and an inner wall constructed as a curtain wall that together with the outer skin provide the full function of a wall.’

No reference to ventilation !General term for this project

VENTILATED DOUBLE SKIN FACADE (VDSF)


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CLASSIFICATION OF VDSF

Distinction betweenVentilated double façadeVentilated double windowSame problematic but

described in different EN


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CLASSIFICATION OF VDSF

3 (independent) main criteria1. Type of ventilation

• Natural / Mechanical / Hybrid2. Partitioning of the air cavity

• VD Window• VDS Façade

– Partitioned by storey / Corridor façade / Shaft Box / Multi-storey / Louver facade

3. Ventilation mode• Indoor Air Curtain / Outdoor Air Curtain /

Air Supply / Air Exhaust / Buffer Mode


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Classification – type of ventilation

Type of ventilationNatural ventilation : PASSIVE FACADEMechanical ventilation : ACTIVE FACADEHybrid ventilation : INTERACTIVE FACADE


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Classification - partitioning

Partitioning of the air cavityVentilated Double WindowVentilated Double-Skin Facade

• Per storey - adjacent façade modules• Per storey - corridor facade• Shaft-box• Multi-storey• Multi-storey – louver window


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Classification – ventilation mode

INOUT

Air Curtain

Outdoor

INOUT

Indoor

INOUT

Air Supply

INOUT

Air Exhaust

INOUT

Buffer


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Classification – ventilation mode

Ventilation mode is independant of the two othercriteriaA VDSF can adopt severalventilation modes (mainly in naturally ventilated DSF)In this case presence of ventilation openings


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Classification

The origin of the ventilation air inside the air cavity (usually) gives an indication about the position of the insulating glazing panel

General rule:Ventilation of the air cavity with inside air –Insulating glazing panel placed at the outsideVentilation of the air cavity with outside air –Insulating glazing panel placed at the inside


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Possible concepts of VDSF

Type of

Partitioning1 type per façade

Vent. DoubleWindow

VDSFPer storey

VDSFCorridor

VDSFShaft-box

VDSFMulti-storey

Ventilationmode

≥1 type per facade

Indoor AirCurtain

Outdoor airCurtain

Air Supply Air Exhaust Buffer

ventilation1 per facade

NaturalHybridMechanical

Not all concepts are applied in practice


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Examples of VDSF

Type of


Vent. DoubleWindow

VDSFPer storey

VDSFCorridor

VDSFShaft-box

VDSFMulti-storey

Ventilationmode


Indoor AirCurtain

Outdoor airCurtain





12Example of VDSF


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Example of VDSFAIRPORT GARDEN

Arch : Jaspers - Eyers


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North Galaxy BuildingArch : Jaspers – EyersFacades: Belgometal


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Examples of VDSF

Type of


Vent. DoubleWindow

VDSFPer storey

VDSFCorridor

VDSFShaft-box

VDSFMulti-storey

Ventilationmode


Indoor AirCurtain

Outdoor airCurtain





18source: Gartner

Düsseldorf StadttorArch: Petzinka, Pink & Partners


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Example of VDSF

Type of


Vent. DoubleWindow

VDSFPer storey

VDSFCorridor

VDSFShaft-box

VDSFMulti-storey

Ventilationmode


Indoor AirCurtain

Outdoor airCurtain





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AULA MAGNAArch: SAMYN & Partners


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Example of VDSF

Type of


Vent. DoubleWindow

VDSFPer storey

VDSFCorridor

VDSFShaft-box

VDSFMulti-storey

Louver facade

Ventilationmode


Indoor AirCurtain

Outdoor airCurtain





22BerlaymontArch : P. Lallemand, S. Beckers, Berlaymont 2000


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Examples of Buildings

equipped with VDSF in Belgium


24Huis van de Vlaamse VolksvertegenwoordigersArch : Groep planning

GreensquareArch : Atelier de Genval – Archi + I

UCB DrogenbosArch Verhaegen

The Corporate VillageArch : Jaspers - Eyers

BerlaymontArch : B2000 – Beckers - l’allemand -


25AULA MAGNAArch : Samyn & Partners

GalileeArch : Atelier d’Art Urbain

DVVArch : Groep planning

UCB CenterArch: Assar

BrussimoArch: Samyn & Partners

AULA MAGNAArch: Samyn & Partners


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Experience of BBRI

in relation with

Ventilated Double-Skin Facades


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The ‘Ventilated Double Façade’ project

Pre-normative research financed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs in BelgiumChecking where standards and regulations constitute problems for VDSF + propose solutions to improve these textsIntegral approach

Energy performances / Stability aspects / Safety in case of fire / Acoustics / Daylighting / …


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Example of difference between a VDSF and a curtain wall

Internal surface temperature by IR cameraCurtain wallClimate facade


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Acoustical performances of VDSF

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Indirect transmission via the air cavity (Flanking)

1. Dn,s,w (C;Ctr) = 56 (-1;-5) dB2. Dn,s,w (C;Ctr) = 35 (-1;-5) dB3. Dn,s,w (C;Ctr) = 50 (-1;-3) dB / 37 (0;-1) dB


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Security against fire

VDSF are posing specific problems

Working group « Facades » within the Ministry of Interior to tackle (a.o.) these problems


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Aspects related to standards – 1

Energy aspectsFaçade characteristics

Energy performance atBuilding level


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Daylighting

Acoustical performances

Security against fire


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Stability


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Website dedicated to Ventilated double facade

www.bbri.be/activefacades


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The ‘Ventilated Double Façade’ project

Final report of the project

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