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Atti del Convegno Internazionale

Le lingue dellItalia anticaIscrizioni, testi, grammatica

Die Sprachen AltitaliensInschriften, Texte, Grammatik

In memoriam Helmut Rix (1926-2004)

a cura di Giovanna Rocca

7-8 marzo 2011

Libera Universit di Lingue e Comunicazione

IULM

Milano


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@E KILJ @ KPFF@JE @EE MFE I@. ajdelfeoiv, L oJmogavstrioi.eI @ N@KI L@@K@FEI9s K FKJI JJ kIFKJ 9 JH Kl bEE-K E E 'KeI I EKIJLLE MFE $ 1991, 681-683 = &@E I@KE349-351, F @E JKII AN@LE MFE J@E JLKK kIFKJ 9, JHKl= sJKKKK @I, @ QN@K I @E "IFieKKIt MILKE, N@K NI-J@E@I @JK I sIFKJ 9 JH, Kt = sJKKKK @I J N@KI (I-JFE), @ "IFiLKKIt. D@J BLKLE GJJK L eI @ MFE @O MI@E,@ "@JK @KII PGFJ@JK@ KE FI@J "\i@EJI@K:

3.1 = $$ 60,: (7: @) KI 9HGK KII FKJI HJI I FKJI

q@ (@E) I (D) JK (J. "\i FI "\i@EK),IEKIEJ (9HGK= @JK ?42) MFE KI, @EJK@J LJ HJ (@E LJKIE, K?43),LJ JJI EIEK@Jr ([email protected] = K. JHKg JHK).

41 eI $EJ EJF FI\@ (FE @ BIeJ@K@LE J"JKFGOJ A 1. 192-195 FI L ELI J ^@EE MFE OKJ A 1.193)N@ MI@ '@Je @K @JI $EJI@K J@ $ 1984, 466.

42 AEI @I GJJE BLKLEE N@ sIJKKt, sJEKt J@E I@KJE EI IE MIE, @EE GJJK s@JK, @OKt NE JJJIEK@J (KI.I) LJQ@EK. C. K. C$' $2, 4 CD = 9JsK @E-eK, @E@Q@IK, @OKt E @EI).

43 K. @K KFEP@ QL K. 9HJI KEHK s#FE@Nt, D@ELK@M 9HJ9KK


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D@ BLKLE MFE I(9)s @JK @K @O J LKQFE QL JK@E, NEEL @EJJ @K @ J qIF @ LE IKIE@K[r.I(9)s \EK .. @K

&LK FI JFI JGQ@ FKELK QLJE, JF KN s@K @E F-KEI@KL EKJeEKt, s@E @EI FKE@I N@K, @@Kt, sbI@ JKKKKtFI \E@, @ @EE MFE LKJ s@EJEKt, sJ@t (MFE FKE JK); @N\ @I @ K. @IIFKJ @ @EE MFE 9EI9HJ44 @K #@E@ L@ EKJGILEIFH = [email protected] + DK@M sMIIKt. AL @ BMFEI9-n @'8H 'JKI bEEE LEI\IE BQL LN@JE, NFQL @ M@-EK "@LE Js2-J sE @ BI\E@Jt ($.5, @K s2 = /s2/ I \K-IE FI, LE @K -- LJ \KI * J 'FK@MI) JK Js2 (5, LJ*Js2 JPEFG@IK) @K PI@ CI. 4.4,4 Js3-J sE @ BI\E@Jt =GLE. B% B s J BI\E@JJJt EJF LJLJJI@ @JK N@ @ G-ILE MFE @E LE JJI ($.4 JK LK -9 qQLJE @E LE J-

JIr), J @ E bIE J GI FKELK MFIKE @JK. @E GI-K@ PEFEP@ JKK QLI(9)K s@@K, [email protected] DJ AK@M *I9-@JK FEJ@K@ LJ @JE EKEK, J. *I:9- JKKKI:9H- sFG-II@Et (K.I:9H,I:9HI sFGI\@t, LJ $K@JE EKEK NF @E C 10IH) @K -- LI AE@LE E J GI\GFJ@K@FE K@FEJFGFJ@KL(LI.)FH- seI @E %I KJ %LEK@I, FGI\@t: *I:H- > @K.I-LE JF EE @EJ KILJ@J eIEFE, . LI.FHH- E *IH-.@I eIE N@I JKJKE, JJ @ EKJeJJLE JFI JN@I@E OK-JKE I E@K JbEI LE EE. DEE I JKJK\K@LEJK I@EQ@ I@K@E 'bJLE K J@ @ J K-J N@IL E@JK@IK, LE LI N@KI QL IJK\EE@J I JKE $EJI@K N@I E@K MILK, JFE-

IE EK.

W 3.7. D 8?K K

QL Q@E, JJ @ FE KE FIJ\ E@K QL I FIKbIE, LI @ E J@ E QLI IJ@iLE J LEEOKJ eI @I MILK, JF ELE @I EF I EQ IJK KQ @ L-JEE eIJKQK NIE. @E N@KI DK@@JLJJ@FE JF I-@EJ @I EF E@K IFE:

LLJ O JKF; KI. // eI IJ /:/ L @ E I I@ C LJI@. "::, @E@IK L @E K. I9 sBeEt. %EJ bEEK 9HJIE J@EI FIKJKILKLI J 'ENFIK LJ $K@JE LJJK NIE.

44 IJK EKI\@ @ I M@J@FE J PGFJI@GKJ J @, JJ EL @JIBLKLEJEJKQ L MFE A""$A$ 2009, 225 IQ@K N@I. @E@ K @I@E JI IeE@ "JKLEKIJLLE MFI, eK I @ I ALJNIKLE KQKEEJ IFi LIeKLE. @ L AA 2009, 89.

45 LEI\I MFE ILE 1.8 JH9K I9s = . 1.10 JH69K I9L;I@E JI @ "\iLJI@K CI 2.79 (*) IK sI $LEF N@Kt.


26/32

86 $. %C$

CI 4.4,1-3 J J 99 Hs3L LJc IJHI - IcKJ - H I.

vD@JI BL LE J (LI = @ ALJJKKKLEJEJK\E) J AP-KFEJ J@E46 K NFIE L "@i I o J @ @EJ#II@E J MIEK K(K) o MFE H (8HKI) Iq.

H: D@ FI @JK @E 'FK@M, I @I @ LEK@FE I AEJE- K. J @JK I FIGFF@J @EI 'FK@M-IK@EEK@M MF"ILEJK, I QL@JK LI E FGOE 'FK@M-IK@EEK@M MFIN@KIKE K (HI*) IJKQK [email protected] EE E JF LE@EK

FE@Q@IE NFK, JF eJJK E @ KQKI FI+

H(I)*GFJKL-@IE. D@J @i J@ LI E #@EN@J L @ ALJJJLE MFE BL-JKE @E I ELE KKJ\@ FIILGKE FI48 +H(s3)L (@ 14-15) QLI FK IKIK@E. AI I @E 'FK@M @JK LILJ b-@. DJJ J "EK@ @ (MEKL IJKIIKE) "EK@M I MI@K,JKbIK [email protected]

46 J @K @E KIFGKFK@JJ PEK *HI ("E. .) + . F. -sLMFI. DJ FIK H @JK J L @ LEJ EEK J@K@J 'ENFIK (LKJ

#H sJFJJEJ ILEt), J @ KILJI eIEFE E LE@I @E I BLKLE sAPKFE, AI@@JKJt MINEE. J N@I @E PI@ EQLE\E@ MF GLE@JE OK ILK, N@I JF JFE \EI #@KIK @KILJ@JE E@iE.

47 $ 2004, 952-953 (@K qA. $$$r), A''AC 2008, 46., 97-102. D@ JFEM@@JLK@IK LE MFE @O LE @EJJFEI K@ELI JFEIJ bIIK KILJ.&JLJI I @EI EF@E ELE, @ @ @I E@K @JKEEE. D@ @JE QL EIK J J MI\K@KE I@LEE @K eI @E CI3.4-3.8 = $$ 39 1FKHI1 KHI1 GK s@ @E MFE FKH JKHJEKt EKKE E@K I@I, JFEIE @ &FEK@EK@FE J @EE'FK@MJ FKH* @K IN@KIKE qE9JKKI JKr FKHI.

48 DJ FI@E @EI &FIILGK @E HL @JK Mb@ M@EK, @ FI (1)JKILKLI LEIK@J @JK (F@EK@M *HL IJ@EK @E #@E@ L @FIK@LE E@K NFFIK, L @JK @ 'LKMI@ELE -L- @JK @ KILJ@-JE o QL@EJK @ FIK@ELK o L QL\JJ@, LE @E I@LE -L- L IE@K QLK (. L KLcI s@K eEQ@??, JQ@??t), LE (2) @K M@EKQLbI@E Hs3L (@ 1) E@K FIIK QL MI@EE. DJ Mb@ M@EKFI@E I I@ELE @EJ "EK@MJ HI* @K DKI@EK@MGIFEFE-s J@EK @I @E I KILJFF@ E@K FI QL NE@ IEEK, KK, JGIFEQL J@E, LE @ KPFF@J GLK@FE @K#H LE#HI @JK JJKMIJK\E-@ ei@.

49 3.3 (AII@EKFI = $$ 297, 3/2 %.) AKI2

JI2

s2

9I2

qDLI / eI AK J(I), FE J LE I s2r; 8.4 (C@GGLJ


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K @JK @ @JI @E QGK@IK &FEKLI @EJ F@EK@MJ+H*, @JI EE I JJ@MFI LJc IK@@J

J @JK. D@ F @JJ IFE $IIKLJ @JK I AEJKQ @EI JEKQIEQ, NFE @ FI LJc @EJ AEJ EKIK LE @ -EQ J KQJ E@K vJ\KK@Kq @JK.

J @JK @I EKeI@ E@K b@, LEKI @EQL I MFI@EE@KIKLI @E FGKK 'bJLE QL II@KE. $ N@ ELI Q@E,JJ J@ LI E ELE FIJ QL IJHI @E vJLEq OK-JKILLI I@K, LE JJ @ CEE QL @E N@KIE FIKJI@KK @IJK\EE@J @EJNJ @EKI\K@K, JFEIE M@I MIJJIK NI-

E.

W 4. D: $>: _4^, _5^ ? _6^

DJ v MFE CFIKFEq J KILJ@JE AGKJ K $ 1969 JYIE I @I eI u5t I\IK. DJ MFE @ eI @ u10t MINEKIFGFE I@EQ@G J@K I L @I I. D@ FILJJKQLE eI@JK, JJ J KILJ. NFIK eI ueEt c LKK K. @ N@I QNILI @ eIJI@KLEE JKI JKeKQK, @JK I M@@K E@K

EQ J@I. DEE @ LN@JLE I I@ @E IJKI '@E@ @E I F-EE 'LKFIE s, c, KE @ &I@E@ uM@It, ueEt, uJJt@JK J NF @JKE @JLK@IK IF @E I JGIN@JJEJK@-E @KIKLI I KILJFF@. EIE FIJIE50 J@ cEKNI uM@It FI ueEt. E NEE E I ELIE EEQ FK,J LI s J &I@E u4t LQLJJE, EE cL J &E@-K eI u6t EK NIE. AJF JKK @I EF @E Mb@ @-E@@K, N@ E @ ALJEJE (bIKI @E GK@JI I-ELE:) K, c, s I @E (E @E KK@J LJK@E-I IELE) u4,5,6t @ELK@ QLFIEE JF.

D @JK J LIE, JJ eI J NFIK K@E ELJ OKQLE@JLEE NFIE @JK, @ AEJ@E E @E AE @E @-IE @K @E \HL@MEKE LJIL @E FIKE F@E@IK @JK. D@EKeI@JK AEE @JK eI LEJ @E@ @EI KK@JE "@-LE.

ILJ@ELJ) 9AKI2 I2AHP 9I2 qeI/MFEAK J(I), E FE IAHPr.

50 D@ IFK@ JGI@K $BA1999, 89-93 LE 386.


28/32

88 $. %C$

DJ LE@J JKK L @E "N@K LJ B@ (K. GKFEK; 750"I JNI; CI, AEE 3. %., 352) LE LKK $$C // KJJL9 K9 F@K I FEE AE J N\I@JKEEBKEP9 '(H) KI vLEKI P9-AK J'(H)J KJ-.51

D@ @IEF $$C EK\K $ = u1t (QN@) LE C = u100t (@K LE-EFE@JI, I L EIN@K@ KI Ib. FI I @I uCt)LE @JK J JLKIK@MI ALJIL u100 @ELJ 2t = u98t LQLJJE. B@I AEE I VHL@MEQ MFE @IE LE FIKE I@K J@ @"@LE:

KJJ L9 K9 F= $$C

D@ @JK ELI J FIK 9 / *c(FI: -9 @K -9 uLEt?) Mb@ LE-EEK LE LJJ @E I@I GLK@FE IIKE NIE. D@ EIE M@IFIKFIE bIE @E E BI@ I E. E QNI @JK FKIFKQ J@EJ KNJ IEE &FEJFEEKE J52 @E EKELE

51 @ QL @ BJGILE MFE AA 2009, 277-279 (@K '@KIKLI). FE

IJ eIE @ L @ 'bJLE I JN@I@E 'JLE I I@[email protected] @K KE@FEJL@O - = K. EKI (KE@FE $ 1963, 232, J "EK@ILK N@ @E K. C. EH8KI, $ 1963, 310).

52 I@ E. E sEt (FI EJ: st) LJ @K@J *F_J-(EeI KILJ. JI2 J. 1, 179-180, LJ LI. *JI), KILJ.FHKI2 J. 1,178 (EeIFHKI 1.17; J @JK EGKPK@J) sIE, "IFiEt LJLI. *FHEFJI < *FHEFJI, J F @JK EE JFE MFI LI. E FJ > JJNLEE), KILJ. FEP S(?)I, SI s#G@JKFJt (< EFI@K.*JEI FI *JI s@II, #IJKI MFE KEE IJKt (J@$C# 2011, 36-41), KILJ. qLHK sKLILJ, K@It @E qLHK I s@EFKLILJt(B@@JI@K . 2 = $$ 345), L-I = JL sKLLJt ($ 1963, 237 E.152), KILJ. KI sL, K. FEJt LE *K- @E K-* sQLI L bI@,FEKELJt (J@ $C# 2011, 38), FEP KI LJ J. F@EK@M*FJcEI LE KI LJ J.-LI. *IJEEI sJ@EKIt LE EKELEELJ "I@@JE N@ QI ' . 7 ( $$ 345) CI. . 8. 2 , . 1 LE A .13 (= $$ 346-347) sK@Jt (I QJI $ . 1 , IJ CI . 7 , . 11 LE A .13 ( $$ 346-347) sPJJLJt, 4K CI . 7 LE A . 12 (= $$ 346-347)sD@FJt, A . 12 ( $$ 347) sJt, , CJ $ . 46,CJJ . 12 s"PJt (= "EPJ), CKKKI . 3 ( $$ 349)s&LK@EJKIt, LE E HKI sIJKJt (I CKJIJ, HIJ @E C . 2 = $$ 352, CKJIJ L C. . 17 = $$ 353, @JK CKKIJ, HKI $ . 7),QIK . 24 = $$ 351, K C. . 7 = $$ 353, AH . 9 = $$354 K $ . 9,K $ . 22 (B J@E LEMFJK\E@!).


29/32

89A'&E+$.'E' 3.& E-+.,$",C!E'

LJ I@. pentav", pentavd-o" ueE@K, eEIILGG, EKt53, LEI JK J@E FIE I &I@E@ K()-u@EJt (LE QNI vIK@L@IKq

53 eI F MILK @ @ BLKLE qEK (LJ EIE)r = 5O10 =seEQ@t (K: LEKI E KILJ. DE @K J @JE @E A@KLE MF&I@E KKPHI @JK s14t FI s15t FI s16t, @J NEF= seEQ@t,NEE K= s5t ?). eI 9 FNeI sFGGK EKt GJJE. DI ALJIL*KJJ L9 (Kg) F u$' = ELELEM@IQ@t N\I J LI QL *K-J K(n K) LQLJJE sEK (J. MFE EIE), @ (N@) @EJ @ eE @JKr, NF@@ JLKIK@M FKK@FE @E FI I @I$' (seEQ@ @ELJ @EJt =) sELELEM@I-

Q@t @K I JLKIK@ME @IEILGG $ (seE @ELJ @EJt =) sM@It MI@EN@I. L IF F@EK@M K(-9) LIJLJ 'FK@M (?) L(-9) J@ E@JI E.DI ALJIL *K-J EK\K J JL@@IK IFEFE -J @ F@EK@M 'FK@M *K(-) J LI ueEt, I EKNI LE@E@IK @JK (*KN@K@E. GKJJKEH@E@E) FI QNI FI QLE\JK EEQ@EK (*K-),I EE JPEFG@IK @JK (*K--J > *K-J, EE N@KI JJG@I@IK > KJJ),EQ N@ @E *'Ks[-JH-I HuGI eI @E@E @ I "FKK@K'Kst > '' $.10*'Ks2-JH-I H. DJ IFEFE -JQ@K J@ L J LI K u@EJt @ @EEI u@I @EJ, @ @E JLKIK@MI "KLE EE I @I eE (JKK)t, JF N@J@ @ PEK CF 7-8 CKs2KKHI2-K Fs2 [JHKI2-J S9(!)LI2 J

IFEFE -J @ F@EK@M L E @EQ@E N@KIE ALJIL @ F@EK@MQ@E LJJ, E\@ J LJKEK@MFs uFLEJFt (L "ILE J EJs), JF JJ I JK ALJIL LKE LJJ vLE J (@?)FLEJF I AEbI@E I "EJ CKsK, J (KQK?) (J) J [JHK S9LI (@JK)q.DI ALJIL KJJ K @JK EE J EQJ EF@E qIK@L@IKr @E @E IN@-KIKE PEK *(KJJ K-)J, NF@ J@ J IFEFE L @EE J@EE\i GL-I@JE BI@ sEKt FI sDFGGGEKt Q@K LE J @ FI J(@EJ IKEJ, @E AEELE E K@ELI) &FK@MGLIJ -9 LN@JK, .J @E E. 28 eI CI 4.4,1 (PI@) J J 9-9 Hs3L "JK JFN@ 1.107 = $$ 51 #FKI-9 @E I ALJJLE sMFE / @ E 'LKE J#EE@t. $E I D@JLJJ@FE QL @E IK @E @EF K @ &F@EEK@E B@FI L E @IJGIL QN@JE EJFJ K-J s@ @Et (@E@EI $EKIGIKK@FE MFE cK-J LE J K-J) LE EJK@ L-9 @E-N@JE. $ KK J EKNFIKK: DI @IJGIL JKK M@@K ELI J@E-I. AE E F@EK@M @ELI K KI@KK QNI J IFEFE -J @IK E E qE-KEr K E, I LI JJNLE @ JFLKE ALJLK *K > K LKJKQ-@ EKJKEE @JK. AI E I MFE @I MIKIKEE ALJJLE, JJ -9 @I @EJJK\E@J N@KIJ IFEFE @JK, JFEIE @E IK@JI LGGK@FE QL -JJKK, bEEK I @E@IK ALJIL L-9 JKKK INIKK LE NF LQLKK-9 (J@ FE g 3.6) @K I MILK@E EIE D@EK@FEJFI"EK@M-AK@M K-I (K-I2 '' $.13) MI@E NIE. D@ I@ELE Ks@ELJ @EJt (.. 'F. *K- + IK@h) @JK I@ EKIK LE JFIK MIJJK\E@K, N@ I I@ @K I s@ELJ QN@t Q@K (.. 'F.


30/32

90 $. %C$

K-9) LE K @K I NELEJI@K uM@It FI ueEt FIuJJt.

J I@K J@ JF eI @ "@LE @ FIKF (@I @E LKJIIJKQLE) uKh@EJE o J/@ oKh 9o EKt = u98t.

D@ @JK K@ QL I@KKE EEEK uOt. 'bJK E @ "Ibiu98t @E @E GJJE QLJEJKQK L, JF I@K J@ @ EL"@LE v98 = 2 49q. D ELE LJ I KIL@JE FKK@FE @ JL-KIK@M BQ@ELEJKF EEK @JK, EE E J N@KI @K v49 =50-1q MIJLE. DEE I@K J@ @ EL "@LE:

2 (10O o 1) = 98

DLI eIQE J KFIJ 2 L @E @KE I\K E 10O o 1= 49, LE LI N@KIJ EE 10O = 49+1, O = 50 @M@@IK LI 10,JF O = 5.

$ LJJ JKE, JJ @I @J 'bJLE NE I D@JIGEQ QLE eIQE I E@K E FK. AI @ EF @E E-I b@@K J AEJKQJ LE I BIELE @EI JFE "@-

LE LEE. EE @ @I @II, N@ @I NIJ@E@ MFIFK,b J J IFMFK@FE QL N@KII D@JLJJ@FE MFE LKQE J@E.

AJ@iE bK @ EF @E KFEE, N@ ILKI J@ @MFE @O @E@K@@IK JGIN@JJEJK@ FIJLEJKF @ IBJ\K@LE @K KILJ@JE IN@JK. DI JKEN@J I@K@J$EK @JJ IKJ FEEK ELI L I BJ@J I @ MIEKE @-E ALJ@LE LE GIJbE@E bIILE II@KK NIE, @ LEI-JJ@ N@K eI J DLIJE@KK@ @ELJEE @JK.

*P- + IK@ -, . "EK@M-AK@M 1.93 = $$ 116 3.%. II 9PFcI@K EGKPK@J


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A


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92 $. %C$

EEH "KE JP, BIKJE@I, F, 1984, GG.455-468 = $,& 9HJ, GG. 295-308.

$ 1985: #. $, 9HJ K FH9, @E . CI@JKFE@, D JHKIH,BJI, KLKKIK / eI@, 1985, GG. 210-238.

$ 1991: #. $,JHKI9E LE, LE, LELc sK, K@@, MFJt FHH HJK FH 8H JKI, qAIFF@ CJJ@r 43, 1991,

GG. 665-691 (JKJI@K FKK@EF) = $, & 9HJ, GG.333-360.

$, &@E I@KE = #. $,& 9HJ, IJ8 dH #. N PK75. "8KHJIJ. ALJN\K LE ILJE MFE "I @-JI, #GE I, BIE, 2001.

$

2004: #. $

,JHKI9, @E .D. FFI, C8H 9O9E-F E A9J 'KI, CI@, 2004, GG. 943-966.$o $1991: #. @O o ". @JI,JHKII9 NJ. JE EH.

2 MF., $: JK, &EEHP, $PI, $$: NJ, II, e@E-E, 1991.

$BA 1999: D. #. $BA, KI #8K9 I JHKI-I9, I@GK IKLI-I, K. &KI@EE, 1999.

A''AC 2008: . . A''AC, @ JE. A K E J JHKI9'K $I9HFJEI, B KM IJJ, AEE AIFI / NFI, 2008.

A''AC 2010: . . A''AC,JHKI9 J $JHFHJJEE J I9HFJE E J J HI &OJEI, @E B. @I o AIFE D. L@E, JKI CII9 'KIJ9I EEH E -F B, qAJKI KL@J @E CJJ@ @FFPr MF. 17, GG.141-147.

A''AC 2010: .. A''AC, LLME@ I9HFJEI EE C-L (KHE), qAI@E %FLIE F AIFFPr 112, 2008, GG.1-10.

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